EP1436480A1

EP1436480A1 - Fixing system for plate-shaped cladding panels

Info

Publication number: EP1436480A1
Application number: EP01973801A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Alfons Oberhofer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-10-16
Filing date: 2001-10-16
Publication date: 2004-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2021-10-16
Also published as: DE50113406D1; ATE381657T1; WO2003033851A1; EP1436480B1

Abstract

The invention concerns a fixing element for plate-shaped cladding panels, in particular glass panes in the form of single glazing such as spaced apart panes for insulating double glazing. The glass panes (11) are placed at some distance from each other and are juxtaposed by means of a peripheral joint. The edges (13) of the glass panes (11) have in particular a bevel, groove or slide with which the fixing element (1) co-operates. The invention is characterized in that the fixing element (1) has a central element (2) and at least two pane-fixing elements (3) which are respectively in contact with the edge (13) of the glass pane (11) associated with the fixing element and at least one pane-fixing element (3) is mobile independently of the other relative to the central element (2) and can be fixed at each point of the displacement path. The invention also concerns designs corresponding to different possibilities for displacing, rotating and mounting the pane-fixing element.

Description

Holding system for plate-shaped facade elements

The invention relates to holders for plate-shaped facade elements, in particular glass panes, both in the form of single glazing and in the form of spaced glass panes as insulating glazing, the individual panes being arranged at a distance from one another, thus with a circumferential joint next to one another, the edges of the panes in particular have at least one chamfer, a groove or a fold with which the holder interacts.

Such a holding system, described for glass panes, is known from DE 299 17 489.1 U. The interaction of the holder and the disk is essentially based on the holder having a head which can be rotated about an axis essentially normal to the disk plane and has a shape which deviates from the circular shape, so that it depends on the angular position of the head interacts with the profiled edge of the pane and thus holds the pane or releases it, so that the pane can be mounted, removed or exchanged.

Compared to other systems in which the panes have to be perforated, this fastening system is more cost-effective and is particularly advantageous in terms of thermal or acoustic insulation and the tightness of insulating glass. However, the almost punctiform application of the holding forces to the disks and the problems when adjusting the position of adjacent disks are disadvantageous, since the holder always holds and adjusts two disks at the same time, which necessitates precise positioning of the holders.

Another state of the art can be considered:

DE 195 42 040 AI describes a glass pane which has a groove or recess on its end face which serves to arrange glass panes arranged next to one another in a sealing manner and at the same time to ensure that the glass panes are fixed to a substructure. The dimensions of the grooves or recesses are formed by milling, grinding or sawing such that the groove is made with a depth of at least one third of the thickness of the glass pane. In addition to an angular design, a rounded groove can also be produced. A seal, guide or bracket is placed in the groove during assembly entire length and width of the disc inserted. Rubber seals, brush seals, silicone seals or the like can be used as the sealing material.

EP 0 410 993 B1 discloses a kit for a glass facade. The facade outer surface is formed by glass panes, each of which has holding rails glued to their vertical inner edges. These holding rails can be positively connected to support profiles. The edges of the glass panes are chamfered towards the outside in order to close the joint thus formed by form-fitting anchoring bodies. In this system, the support profiles are glued behind the glass panes in both a vertical and a horizontal orientation. It is not possible to replace individual glass panes.

EP 0 655 543 B1 discloses the mechanical fastening of a glass pane, which is held in a punctiform manner, wherein in the case of single glazing holes are drilled inside the glass panes, which are countered by a holding element to be inserted from the outside, which has a conical collar, against an inner one flat holding element is fixed. The same procedure is followed for the insulating glass panes, in which bores are also provided within the glass panes.

Glass panes, which are provided with grooves on their end faces of the edges and are assembled to form flat facades or corners and edges, can be found in US Pat. No. 3,672,107 A. Rigid profiles that engage in the grooves are used to hold the glass panes. The profile formations that capture the grooves are continuously backed with a permanently elastic material. Since this is a structure with rigid elements, it is not possible to replace individual glass panes. In addition, the glass panes can be damaged in the case of larger surfaces by thermal stresses or wind loads.

A plate construction for the design of a facade can be found in EP 0 319 695 AI. The glass panes, here in particular insulating glass panes, are held by a support structure that does not appear, which is connected to the glass panes in a non-positive and positive manner by gluing. There is also a fall protection system that is formed by an additional profile. On the one hand, this profile can engage in grooves, millings or chamfers on the glass panes. In the same way, EP 0 280 832 AI discloses a construction for facades or roofs, in which the glass panes are also achieved by gluing with profiles behind the glass panes and thus holding. Here too, if the adhesive connection fails, there is a fall protection device which is designed such that, as in EP 0 319 695 AI, the glass panes have grooves on their edge region into which a fall profile is inserted.

The execution of an outer wall or a roof glazing in insulating glass is given by DE 3 439 436 AI, in which the insulating glass panes are held by holders which are arranged between the panes. An additional profile is inserted between the insulating glass panes, in which the head of a holder that contains flanges is inserted. The holder is designed so that it has an approach that can be brought into engagement with a profile located behind the glass panes by a rotary movement. The edges of the insulating glass panes are smooth and the joint between the insulating glass panes is closed by a permanently elastic compound.

In the case of glass facades, point holders for the glass plates used are known, which reach through the glass plate at a distance from the edge of the plate and are connected to a supporting structure located in front or behind. The glass plate must be drilled for such a type of fastening. Even with single glass panes, this is disadvantageous due to the increased risk of breakage. With insulating glass panes, the bores result in a considerable impairment of the very good thermal insulation that is technically possible with tightness.

For the reasons mentioned, glass facades are also known in which the plates are gripped by profiled rails on the edge and held by means of these rails. For example, it is known from DE 3 734 576 AI that the edges are given angular support strips. The support strips have coupling webs on the inside for engaging clamping clamps. This plate holder by means of glued-on holding rails without form-fitting securing of the glass panes entails a risk potential, since the long-term behavior of bonds under the given environmental conditions is often unknown. As a result, glass facades of this type are generally not approved by the authorities without positive mechanical locking. The object of the invention is to provide a fastening for disk-shaped wall elements of the type mentioned at the outset, in particular for simple glass panes and in particular also for insulating glass panes, which does not have the disadvantages mentioned, but rather enables reliable positioning and fixing of the panes in a simple manner. In one embodiment, it should also be possible to position and hold adjacent panes not in alignment with one another, but rather at an angle to one another, which is repeatedly required, in particular, by architects and can only be done today with great effort.

According to the invention, these objectives are achieved in that the holder has a central part and at least two disc holders, each of which contacts one of the discs assigned to the holder in the region of the edge thereof, and that at least one of the disc holders can be displaced with respect to the central part independently of the other and at any point on the Displacement is fixable.

In this way, it is achieved that the disc holder can have a contact surface with the disc that is significantly larger than is the case in the prior art, and it is also achieved that each disc is fastened separately, since each holder for each the two assigned discs has its own disc holder, which works independently of others and can be fixed. In addition, the tolerances that are unavoidable in the manufacture of the disc can be compensated. Finally, this is also the prerequisite for the fact that in one embodiment of the invention it is possible to install disks that are not aligned with one another. In this case, according to the invention, the central part consists of a wall-fixed part in which two intermediate parts can be rotated about a common axis and can be fixed, the disc holder being displaceable along wedge surfaces with respect to these intermediate parts. The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. 1 shows a first embodiment according to the invention in a kind of exploded view, FIG. 2 shows the situation at the corner of four colliding disks, FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment according to the invention in two different positions, and FIGS. 5 and 6 show a third Embodiment of the invention, FIGS. 7 and 8 variants of holders according to FIG. 5 for different pane thicknesses in views according to FIGS. 3 and 4, FIG. 9 an assembly process, FIGS. 10 and 11 a preferred variant of the invention. 12 shows a detail and FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the basic idea of the invention.

In Fig. 1, a first embodiment of the invention is shown purely schematically. A suitably fixed holder 1 on a supporting structure (masonry, support or the like) carries a central part 2, on which an upper and a lower pane holder 3 are slidably mounted along an inclined surface 4. In order to achieve adjustability here, counter surfaces 5 of the inclined surfaces 4 are not fixedly mounted on the central part 2, but are provided on insert parts 6, which can be displaced individually and independently of one another in recesses 7 of the central part 2 by means of set screws 8, as a result of which the disks - Holders 3 pushed away from the central part 2 or brought closer to it. This approach is provided by O-rings or coil springs 9, which run over suitable extensions 10 of the disk holder 3. To the minimum changes in thermal expansion or the like. to compensate and protect the edges of the discs 11, elastic insert sheets 12 are inserted between the disc-side surfaces of the disc holder 3 and the edges 13 of the discs 11.

If, for example, the lower of the two disks 11 shown is to be mounted, the set screw 8 of the associated lower disk holder 3 is originally unscrewed so far that the insert part 6 assumes its innermost position (as seen from the building) and through the O-rings 9 the lower one Disk holder 3 is pulled into its uppermost position, in which it rests on the central part or in any case assumes the position that is closest to the central part 2. In this position, its height is so small that it is possible to bring the disk 11 in its place, for example by means of a suitable crane or the like. and usually with suction cups or similar. Assembly aids for glass panes or stone slabs or the like. The disk 11 is adjusted in the desired position in a known manner, for example by means of blocks or the like. and then the associated set screw 8 is tightened, the insert part 6 is pressed by means of the counter surface 5 against the inclined surface 4 of the lower disc holder 3 and thus presses the disc holder 3 down until it hits the edge 13 of the disc 11 and fixes and holds it with the predetermined force.

It is immediately apparent that the upper pane holder 3 remains motionless during the entire process and is activated completely independently of the lower pane holder 3 after the upper pane 11 has been attached and is pressed against the edge of this pane.

1, rotated by 90 °, gives an image of the situation when two panes are held in the region of a vertical joint. It can be seen immediately that the pane holder according to the invention can be used for joints in any direction. FIG. 2 shows the situation in the area of the collision of four disks, it can be seen that each individual disk can be released from its holders and then removed without this affecting the adjacent disks in any way. Even if in the prior art it was possible to release a disk by rotating the mushroom-shaped head of the holder, the position, mounting, fixing and adjustment of the adjacent disk was also impaired, since the mushroom-shaped head also changed moved along the edge of this adjacent disc.

3 shows a variant of the invention, in which the wedge surface is not moved essentially normal to the plane of the disc, but parallel to the edge 13 of the associated disc 11. The description and drawing of this embodiment also have the reference numerals of the first Execution form as far as they concern analog parts; has been adopted to facilitate understanding.

In this embodiment, the holder 1 carries a central part 2, which runs parallel to the associated edges 13 of the disks 11 which it holds. Inserts 6, which support counter surfaces 5 and whose surfaces run in or parallel to the disk plane, are arranged displaceably in the central part. The disk holders 3 have the mating surfaces 5 assigned to them and contacting them flat. If the inserts 6 are now moved in the direction of the edge 13 by turning the associated set screw 8, the disk holders 3 will thereby perform movement normal to the edge 13, which allows them to hold or release the disks 11. 3, for example, the left pane holder has been brought into an approximately middle position by means of an adjusting screw 8, in which it positions and holds the lower edge 13 of the upper pane 11. For illustration, the right pane holder 3 is shown fully extended with its adjusting screw 8, thus in the lowest overall height, and the lower pane 11 is released, as can be seen from the sectional view on the right, and can be installed or removed.

4 shows the situation at the maximum joint width, both pane holders 3 are fully extended, and extremely wide joints can also be bridged in this way. At the same time, it can be seen that it is of course possible to hold the disks 11 securely even if, for whatever reason, the central part 2 is not arranged exactly symmetrically in the middle of the joint.

The actuation of the adjusting screws 8 or the like is by means of busses. easily possible, the retracting movement of the disc holder 3 can also here or by means of springs, O-rings. be promoted and supported. The set screws themselves are seated in the inserts by means of appropriate spring washers, so that they can not only push them, but also pull them.

5 and 6 show a particularly preferred variant, which can be used in particular in the construction of facades with a surface which is not continuously flush. The central part 2 carries intermediate parts 14 which can be rotated about an axis 15 and can be fixed in any angular position by means of anti-rotation means 16, which in turn adjustable and fixable inserts 6, which have counter surfaces 5- wear. The further structure with the disk holders 3 and their inclined surfaces 4 is analogous to the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4.

The anti-rotation is preferably carried out in such a way that, in the “correct” angular position of the intermediate part 14 with respect to the central part 2, this position is provisionally fixed by worm screws with a pointed and preferably hardened end and then by existing holes in the central part 2, which advantageously close to the Worm screws are provided, a blind hole (or also through hole) is drilled into the pin of the intermediate part 14, which is in the recess of the central part and that a fixing screw 16 (FIG. 7), preferably also a worm screw, is screwed into this hole thus secures the two parts 2, 14 against any movement, even against any axial, even with large attacking torques. It is particularly preferred that the worm screws mentioned above, which take over the provisional fixation, also protrude with their tip into an annular groove of the central part 2 in the "releasing" state and thus ensure the cohesion of the individual components. The annular groove can only over part of the Be circumferentially designed to ensure that the load exerted by the disks, which acts as a torque on the holder 1, is always loaded in the “tightening direction”.

6 shows an example with a concave design of the building surface along a vertical edge, as is possible by the latter variant of the invention to produce such a design in a simple manner. It is easy to borrow angles of up to 25 ° and more between adjacent panes. This embodiment of the brackets can of course be combined with brackets according to the other embodiments.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show variants of holders according to FIG. 5 for different pane thicknesses in views according to FIGS. 3 and 4. It can be seen that the pane holder 3 or the intermediate parts 14 according to FIG. 7 also in the central part 2 according to FIG 8 fit so that changes in the structure and in particular the thickness of the panes can be taken into account without any problems.

In practice it is advantageous if the individual parts of the holder according to the invention are captively connected to one another without their mobility relative to one another suffering as a result. This can be done, for example, by the dovetail guide shown in the exemplary embodiments along the two displaceable surfaces 4, 5, the insert 6 being connected to the central part by the set screw 8. Of course, other measures are possible, as can be seen from the first embodiment. FIG. 9 shows, in a schematic manner, the assembly of a pane holder, as shown in different versions in FIGS. 5 to 8. Here, the intermediate part 14 together with the actual disc holder 3 and the associated components at a distance from the central part 2 and compared to its final position about the axis 15 (FIG. 5) is pivoted between the adjacent discs 11 and, if the in the right part figure reached position is inserted along the axis 15 into the central part 2 and at least provisionally fixed there, for example by worm screws. These can be the worm screws 16 (FIGS. 7 and 8), which are in annular grooves of the intermediate parts 14 engage and thus ensure cohesion with the central part 2 even if they are not screwed on so tightly that they secure the two parts against a relative rotation about the axis 15.

FIG. 10 represents a further development of the invention, the basis of which is to be briefly explained in a synopsis with FIG. 6: FIG. 6 shows the situation at the collision of four covering plates, each of which is close to its corner by a vertical holder and another Holders are held in the horizontal direction. The four brackets 1 required in this way are now usually not fastened separately to one another on the supporting structure, but an intermediate fastening (not shown) is provided, so that the assembly on the actual supporting structure only affects a part on which the four brackets 1 in turn fit be adjusted and fixed. The task of designing the invention according to FIG. 10 is to simplify this complex structure, both for assembly and for power transmission, and to arrive at a cost-effective solution: The structure of this configuration is intended to address the most frequently occurring case, namely the attachment in the corner area of the panes, thus at the locations of a facade where four panes meet, are explained, but it is clear to the person skilled in the art that a wide variety of special cases and configurations are possible through simple modifications. A holder 1 which is suitably fastened to the supporting structure carries a central part 2 which has four cylindrical extensions 20 running parallel to the edges 13 (or axes 15). Fixed disc holders 21 are pushed onto these extensions, which can be secured in a suitable position against rotation on the cylindrical extensions 20 by means of fixing screws 16, analogously to the method described above. These fixed disk holders 21 also have insert sheets 12 in order to protect the edges 13 of the disks 11.

The axial length of the fixed disc holder 21 in the direction of the axis 15 is smaller than the length of the cylindrical extensions 20. On the part of the cylindrical extensions 20 which protrudes beyond the fixed disc holder 21, intermediate parts 24 are fastened, the most striking difference to the intermediate parts 14 consists in that at their end facing the central part 2 there is no stub which can be inserted into the central part, but a cylindrical recess into which the end 22 of the cylindrical extension 20 can be inserted. This end 22 can now be used in complete analogy to the training 5 with an annular groove to connect the intermediate part 24 movably, but captively by means of a worm screw with it, and at least provisionally secure it in the course of the assembly of a disc 11 until a final fixation in the desired position by the anti-rotation device 16 given is. The actual pane holder 23 is seated on the intermediate part 24, which in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 10 is constructed somewhat differently with the same function as the pane holder 3 of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5: namely, the pane holder 23 does not have the inclined surface 4 formed integrally with it, but this inclined surface 4 is arranged on its own rocker part 25. The contact surface between the rocker part 25 and the glass support 23 is a cylindrical surface, the axis of which runs normal to the plane of the pane, thus parallel to the axis 19, and thus enables the glass support 23 to always align exactly with the course of the edge 13 of the lens Adapts disc.

The disk support 23 surrounds the intermediate part 24 laterally by means of two ribs so that it has an approximately U-shaped cross section on its side facing the intermediate part 24. In this area it has an opening 26 into which screws, bolts or pins 27 come to rest, which are fastened in the intermediate part 24 at a suitable point. In the direction in which the disk carrier 23 is displaceable, the opening 26 has a dimension which is significantly larger than the diameter of the pin 27. This measure makes the disk holder 23 and the rocker part 25 located between it and the insert 6 held captive without its mobility being restricted. The displacement itself is carried out by an adjusting screw 8, which moves the insert part 6 with the counter surface in a suitable manner, thereby displacing the rocker part 25 with the inclined surface normal to the edge 13 and thus also the disk holder 23, which in the course of this displacement is rotated about the axis the cylindrical surface of the exact orientation of the edge 13 adapts.

It is clear that each (square) disc 11 can be held on two adjacent sides by a fixed disc holder 21 if only the other two sides are held by movable disc holders 23. This is made possible by the arrangement of the disc holders as shown in FIG. 10, the fixed disc holders 21 preferably being provided on the underside of each disc, since then the disc does not have to be fixed against its weight and since the disc weight is then included low lever arm is passed via the cylindrical extensions 20 to the central part 2 and so the cylindrical extensions are less stressed on bending than when the weight of the disc is transferred to the movable disc holder located at a greater distance from the holder 1.

Fig. 11 shows a top view of the situation in the assembled state and Fig. 12 shows the area of the movable disk holder 23 in two different positions on average, the slanted position of the edge 13 is indicated by dashed lines, which is due to the cylindrical design of the contact surface can be compensated for between the disc holder 23 and the rocker member 25. The circular recess 26 and the holding pin 27 are indicated by dashed lines, from the comparison of the upper and lower illustration in FIG. 12 it can be seen how the position of these two parts changes with respect to one another and thereby allows the parts to move with respect to one another But falling apart prevented. An elongated hole can of course be provided instead of the large circular recess 26, but in most cases the production of the circular recess is less expensive than the production of an elongated hole. It is easy to see that at least one further cylindrical extension, namely out of the plane of the paper, can be provided on the central part, thereby creating a multitude of architectural possibilities.

A further variant, in which inclined surfaces are not used for displacing the pane holder with respect to the central part, can be seen in FIG. 13: This shows a bent part 18 which is bent more or less elastically by the adjusting screw 8 and thereby the ^r 'disk holder 3 moved normally to the edge -13. »In this variant, as shown, it is possible to provide a contact area 17: this lies on the bent part 18 in its apex area and, pivotable about an axis 19 which runs normal to the pane plane (is the paper plane), carries the actual pane holder 3. In this way it is achieved that the disc holder 3 can always be set completely parallel to the edge 13 and compensates for both manufacturing tolerances and subsequent changes in its position. This enables a flat contact between the pane and the pane holder and any edge pressure can be avoided.

Instead of the elastic deformation of the bent part 18, an angle change can be carried out between two limbs which are connected to one another in an articulated manner, and entirely different mechanisms for displacing the disk holder are also conceivable, for example the rotation of a cam disk or an eccentric. The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments, but can be modified in various ways; the only important thing is that a disk holder can be moved without another disk holder located on the same central part thereby changing its position. Combinations of the different designs are possible and “hermaphrodite forms” are also conceivable in order to be able to do justice to special cases. These are to be understood in particular as cases in which a holder holds disks of different thicknesses. This is easily possible by the invention , since only different disc holders, possibly with different intermediate parts, have to be mounted on a common central part. The disc holders and central parts can be the ones that are intended for the corresponding disc thickness and do not have to be custom-made.

The holder according to the invention can consist of the materials that are usually used in the prior art, in particular stainless steel (corrosion-resistant, austenitic steel), aluminum, aluminum alloys, plastic, etc., the mechanical stability and the corrosion resistance of the material are essential. Rubber, silicone, plastic or the like can be used for the insert sheets. are used, knowing the invention, it is easily possible for a person skilled in the field of facade construction to make the appropriate selection. This also applies to the dimensioning of the individual parts, with the features according to the invention achieving a flat contact and thus a substantial improvement in the holder, which in turn allows the holder to be significantly downsized. This is of great importance both for cost reasons and for aesthetic reasons.

In the exemplary embodiments shown, the disk holders have a cheek shape, although this is preferred, it does not have to be. It is entirely possible to use washers with grooves on their edge and to provide the washer holders with a nose or the like which engages in the groove. It then virtually replaces the shifting of the nose and the turning of the head of the holder explained at the beginning. However, since this results in significantly smaller contact areas and tensile stresses in the engagement area, and in addition the production of the groove in the edge of the disk is expensive, this variant is only advantageous in special cases, for example when the holder is required to withdraw completely. It is also possible to provide a rebate instead of the chamfer and the shape of the disc shark to adapt to it. This variant will only be chosen in special cases due to the higher costs.

The storage of the insert parts in the intermediate parts or the central part does not have to take place in the manner shown but can be modified. The insert part can encompass or encompass a section of the intermediate part or the central part, so that the term “insert part” can only be understood in a figurative sense here. This can be illustrated if one looks at FIG Intermediate part 14 thinks as a rod-shaped structure and insert part 6 as an approximately ring-shaped structure with a nose supporting the counter surface, whereby the ring would be slid over the rod and axially displaceable.

Another form of anti-rotation device can of course also be used, with all known measures being available, including spot welding.

The invention has been described on the basis of the situation when four rectangular panes collide, but it is of course easy for the person skilled in the art, knowing the invention, to hold the holders, which are on the edge, at spatial corners, when changing from a pane size (or thickness). to adapt to another, and used in similar special cases. The situation will occur relatively frequently, in which larger panes are supported several times in their lower region along the edge. In these cases, when using the configuration according to FIGS. 10 and 11, the holders according to the invention only carry a cylindrical extension 20.

Claims

claims:

1. Holder for plate-shaped facade elements, in particular glass panes, both in the form of single glazing and in the form of spaced glass panes as insulating glazing, the individual panes (11) being arranged at a distance from one another, thus with a circumferential joint next to one another, the edges (13) of the disks (11) in particular have at least one chamfer (17), a groove or a rebate with which the holder (1) cooperates, characterized in that the holder (1) has a central part (2) and at least two disk holders (3,21,23), each of which contacts one of the disks (11) assigned to the holder in the area of its edge (13) and that at least one of the disk holders (3,23) is displaceable independently of the other with respect to the central part (2) and can be fixed at any point on the displacement path.

2. Holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement of the disc holder (3,23) takes place along an inclined plane (4,5).

3. Holder according to claim 2, characterized in that one of the inclined planes (4,5) is arranged on an insert part (6) which is arranged displaceably and fixably with respect to the central part (2) or with respect to the disc holder (3).

4. Holder according to claim 3, characterized in that the displacement and fixing of the insert (6) by means of an adjusting screw (8).

5. Holder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement of the disc holder (3) is carried out by elastically deforming a bent part (18).

6. Holder according to claim 5, characterized in that the deformation of the bent part (18) by means of an adjusting screw (8).

7. Holder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement of the disc holder (3) is carried out by rotating a cam.

8. Holder according to claim 7, characterized in that the rotation of the cam is carried out by means of an adjusting screw.

9. Holder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the central part (2) about an axis parallel to the associated edge (13) (15) independently of intermediate parts (14, 24) which are rotatable and fixable are arranged, and that the disk holders (3,23) can be moved and fixed with respect to the intermediate parts (14, 24).

10. Holder according to claim 9, characterized in that the rotational fixing of the intermediate parts (14, 21, 24) with respect to the central part (2) is carried out by fixing screws (16).

11. Holder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the disc holder (3,21,23) about an axis (19) which is substantially normal to the plane of the disc, is pivotally and fixable.

12. Holder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its central part has at least one, preferably four, cylindrical extension (20), and that a fixed glass holder (21) and an adjustable glass holder (3,23) are arranged on each cylindrical extension is.