EP1431408A1 - Low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel - Google Patents

Low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1431408A1
EP1431408A1 EP02028526A EP02028526A EP1431408A1 EP 1431408 A1 EP1431408 A1 EP 1431408A1 EP 02028526 A EP02028526 A EP 02028526A EP 02028526 A EP02028526 A EP 02028526A EP 1431408 A1 EP1431408 A1 EP 1431408A1
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Prior art keywords
stainless steel
austenitic stainless
nickel
manganese
containing chromium
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EP02028526A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1431408B1 (en
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Meng-Hsin Hsieh
Yi-Cheng Wu
Pei-Te Huang
Hao-Shang Liu
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Yieh United Steel Corp
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Yieh United Steel Corp
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Priority to DE60216304T priority Critical patent/DE60216304T2/en
Priority to SI200230469T priority patent/SI1431408T1/en
Priority to PT02028526T priority patent/PT1431408E/en
Priority to EP02028526A priority patent/EP1431408B1/en
Priority to AT02028526T priority patent/ATE346174T1/en
Application filed by Yieh United Steel Corp filed Critical Yieh United Steel Corp
Priority to ES02028526T priority patent/ES2277611T3/en
Priority to DK02028526T priority patent/DK1431408T3/en
Publication of EP1431408A1 publication Critical patent/EP1431408A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an austenitic stainless steel, more particularly to a low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,286,310 discloses a low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel that has a reduced nickel content and acceptable metallographic structure, mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and workability.
  • the aforesaid austenitic stainless steel contains at least 16.5% by weight of chromium so as to provide acceptable corrosion resistance. However, the chromium content should not exceed 17.5% by weight so as to prevent undesired formation of delta ferrite ( ⁇ -ferrite) during hot working and impairment to hot workability.
  • the aforesaid austenitic stainless steel further contains at least 2.5% by weight of nickel so as to improve cold workability and so as to inhibit transformation of austenite into martensite. However, nickel content should not exceed 5% by weight due to the relatively high price thereof.
  • the aforesaid austenitic stainless steel is capable of providing acceptable corrosion resistance and cold or hot workability, the chromium content thereof is still high (previous investigation has shown that at least 17% by weight of chromium is necessary to provide minimum levels of corrosion resistance), which can impair stability of the austenitic stainless steel and which can cause cracking during hot rolling.
  • an austenitic stainless steel that comprises: (a) 0.03wt% to 0.12wt% of C; (b) 0.2wt% to 1.0wt% of Si; (c) 7.5wt% to 10.5wt% of Mn; (d) 14.0wt% to 16.0wt% of Cr; (e) 1.0wt% to 5.0wt% of Ni; (f) 0.04wt% to 0.25wt% of N; (g) 1.0wt% to 3.5wt% of Cu; (h) trace amount of Mo; and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities.
  • the preferred embodiment of the low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel of the present invention comprises: (a) 0.03wt% to 0.12wt% of C; (b) 0.2wt% to 1.0wt% of Si; (c) 7.5wt% to 10.5wt% of Mn; (d) 14.0wt% to 16.0wt% of Cr; (e) 1.0wt% to 5.0wt% of Ni; (f) 0.04wt% to 0.25wt% of N; (g) 1.0wt% to 3.5wt% of Cu; (h) trace amount of Mo; and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities.
  • the austenitic stainless steel can further comprise 5 to 30 ppm of B so as to improve hot workability.
  • the contents of harmful impurities, such as S (sulfur) and P (phosphorous), are as small as possible.
  • S (sulfur) and P (phosphorous) are as small as possible.
  • the S content is limited to 150 ppm
  • the P content is limited to 0.06wt%.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the relationship between the ⁇ -ferrite content of the preferred embodiment of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention and temperature. The results show that when temperature is raised to above 1250°C during hot rolling, the ⁇ -ferrite content rises sharply, which results in the risk of edge cracking of a rolled plate of the austenitic stainless steel. In addition, a minimum temperature of 1050°C during hot rolling is required so as to obtain the requisite mechanical strength.
  • Table 2 illustrates a corrosion resistance test (ASTM B117) using salt fog for different test specimens of the austenitic stainless steel of Examples 10 to 12 and comparative Example 6 (type 304 stainless steel), which differ in composition (only elements Ni, C, Si, Mn, Cr, Cu, and B are shown).
  • the test results show that each Example of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention has a corrosion rate that is as low as that of the type 304 stainless steel (no more than 0.1%) of the prior art.
  • the chromium content in each of the Examples 1 to 12 of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention is less than 17wt%, which is a minimum requirement of the prior art for providing minimum levels of corrosion resistance.
  • Table 3 illustrates compositions of test specimens of the austenitic stainless steel of Examples 13 to 22 and comparative Examples 7 to 10 (only elements Ni, C, Si, Mn, Cr, and Cu are shown).
  • Table 4 illustrates a mechanical strength test for the test specimens of the austenitic stainless steel of the Examples 13 to 22 and the comparative Examples 7 to 10. The test results show that the austenitic stainless steel of this invention has an elongation better than those of type 304 stainless steel of the prior art. Other mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness, of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention are comparable to those of type 304 stainless steel of the prior art.
  • the austenitic stainless steel of this invention is capable of exhibiting excellent mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and phase stability during hot or cold working with a relatively low nickel content and a low chromium content as compared to those of the prior art.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

An austenitic stainless steel includes (a) 0.03wt% to 0.12wt% of C, (b) 0.2wt% to 1.0wt% of Si, (c) 7.5wt% to 10.5wt% of Mn, (d) 14.0wt% to 16.0wt% of Cr, (e) 1.0wt% to 5.0wt% of Ni, (f) 0.04wt% to 0.25wt% of N, (g) 1.0wt% to 3.5wt% of Cu, (h) trace amount of Mo, and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities. The austenitic stainless steel has a δ - ferrite content less than 8.5 and equal to 6.77[(d)+(h)+1.5(b)]-4.85[(e)+30(a)+30(f)+0.5(c)+0.3(g)]-52.75.

Description

  • This application claims priority of Taiwanese patent Application No. 091124567, filed on October 23, 2002.
  • This invention relates to an austenitic stainless steel, more particularly to a low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,286,310 discloses a low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel that has a reduced nickel content and acceptable metallographic structure, mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and workability. The aforesaid austenitic stainless steel contains at least 16.5% by weight of chromium so as to provide acceptable corrosion resistance. However, the chromium content should not exceed 17.5% by weight so as to prevent undesired formation of delta ferrite (δ-ferrite) during hot working and impairment to hot workability. The aforesaid austenitic stainless steel further contains at least 2.5% by weight of nickel so as to improve cold workability and so as to inhibit transformation of austenite into martensite. However, nickel content should not exceed 5% by weight due to the relatively high price thereof.
  • Although the aforesaid austenitic stainless steel is capable of providing acceptable corrosion resistance and cold or hot workability, the chromium content thereof is still high (previous investigation has shown that at least 17% by weight of chromium is necessary to provide minimum levels of corrosion resistance), which can impair stability of the austenitic stainless steel and which can cause cracking during hot rolling.
  • The disclosure of U.S. Patent No. 5,286, 310 is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel that is capable of overcoming the aforesaid drawbacks of the prior art.
  • According to this invention, there is provided an austenitic stainless steel that comprises: (a) 0.03wt% to 0.12wt% of C; (b) 0.2wt% to 1.0wt% of Si; (c) 7.5wt% to 10.5wt% of Mn; (d) 14.0wt% to 16.0wt% of Cr; (e) 1.0wt% to 5.0wt% of Ni; (f) 0.04wt% to 0.25wt% of N; (g) 1.0wt% to 3.5wt% of Cu; (h) trace amount of Mo; and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities. The austenitic stainless steel has a δ - ferrite content that is less than 8.5 and that satisfies the following formula δ-ferrite = 6.77[(d)+(h)+1.5(b)]-4.85[(e)+30(a)+30(f)+0.5(c)+0.3(g)]-52.75.
  • In drawing which illustrates an embodiment of the invention,
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between δ-ferrite content of the preferred embodiment of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention and hot working temperature.
  • The preferred embodiment of the low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel of the present invention comprises: (a) 0.03wt% to 0.12wt% of C; (b) 0.2wt% to 1.0wt% of Si; (c) 7.5wt% to 10.5wt% of Mn; (d) 14.0wt% to 16.0wt% of Cr; (e) 1.0wt% to 5.0wt% of Ni; (f) 0.04wt% to 0.25wt% of N; (g) 1.0wt% to 3.5wt% of Cu; (h) trace amount of Mo; and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities. The austenitic stainless steel has a δ-ferrite content that is less than 8.5 and that satisfies the following formula δ-ferrite = 6.77[(d)+(h)+1.5(b)]-4.85[(e)+30(a)+30(f)+0.5(c)+0.3(g)]-52.75, wherein (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h) in the formula mean the content of the respective elements (wt%).
  • The austenitic stainless steel can further comprise 5 to 30 ppm of B so as to improve hot workability. The contents of harmful impurities, such as S (sulfur) and P (phosphorous), are as small as possible. However, due to cost concerns associated with removal of these impurities, the S content is limited to 150 ppm, and the P content is limited to 0.06wt%.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the relationship between the δ-ferrite content of the preferred embodiment of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention and temperature. The results show that when temperature is raised to above 1250°C during hot rolling, the δ-ferrite content rises sharply, which results in the risk of edge cracking of a rolled plate of the austenitic stainless steel. In addition, a minimum temperature of 1050°C during hot rolling is required so as to obtain the requisite mechanical strength.
    • Examples and Comparative Examples
  • The following Examples and Comparative Examples illustrate the unexpectedly better results of this invention over the prior art.
  • Table 1 illustrates an edge crack effect test for different test specimens of the austenitic stainless steel of Examples 1 to 9 and comparative Examples 1 to 5, which differ in composition (only elements Ni, C, Si, Mn, Cr, and Cu are shown). The test was conducted by hot rolling at a temperature ranging from 1050°C to 1250°C. The test results show that each Example of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention has a δ-ferrite content less than 8.5, and that no edge crack was observed for the test specimens of Examples 1 to 9. Each of the test specimens of the Comparative Examples 1 to 5 has a δ-ferrite content greater than 8.5. Edge cracks were found in each of the test specimens of the Comparative Examples 1 to 5.
    Examples Ni C Si Mn Cr Cu δ-ferrite Edge crack
    1 4.31 0.053 0.50 7.60 16.30 1.60 8.49 None
    2 4.05 0.032 0.53 7.85 15.36 1.71 6.636 None
    3 4.07 0.032 0.54 8.00 15.33 1.66 6.259 Noen
    4 4.55 0.032 0.58 7.54 15.23 1.59 4.984 None
    5 4.15 0.059 0.62 7.44 15.26 1.65 3.859 None
    6 4.24 0.046 0.42 7.86 15.68 1.66 3.278 None
    7 4.21 0.051 0.49 7.63 15.16 1.62 1.684 None
    8 4.09 0.060 0.50 8.08 15.14 1.70 0.109 None
    9 4.19 0.066 0.54 7.76 14.99 1.65 -1.989 None
    Comparative Examples Ni C Si Mn Cr Cu δ-ferrite Edge crack
    1 4.31 0.039 0.47 7.07 19.04 2.15 28.58 Cracking
    2 4.36 0.05 0.45 7.58 17.53 2.03 15.82 Cracking
    3 4.37 0.046 0.47 7.96 18.33 1.71 22.60 Cracking
    4 4.77 0.052 0.51 7.54 18.13 1.73 19.85 Cracking
    5 4.45 0.051 0.53 7.5 16.20 1.5 9.1 cracking
  • Table 2 illustrates a corrosion resistance test (ASTM B117) using salt fog for different test specimens of the austenitic stainless steel of Examples 10 to 12 and comparative Example 6 (type 304 stainless steel), which differ in composition (only elements Ni, C, Si, Mn, Cr, Cu, and B are shown). The test results show that each Example of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention has a corrosion rate that is as low as that of the type 304 stainless steel (no more than 0.1%) of the prior art.
    Examples Ni C Si Mn Cr Cu B Corrosion rate
    10 4.40 0.058 0.48 7.56 15.26 1.79 0.0001 ≦ 0.1wt%
    11 4.11 0.051 0.54 7.86 15.35 1.69 0.0032 ≦ 0.1wt%
    12 3.40 0.059 0.77 7.84 14.94 1.78 0.0001 ≦ 0.1wt%
    Comparative Example Ni C Si Mn Cr Cu B Corrosion rate
    6 8.02 0.045 0.53 1.25 18.19 0.23 0.0008 ≦ 0.1wt%
  • It is noted that the chromium content in each of the Examples 1 to 12 of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention is less than 17wt%, which is a minimum requirement of the prior art for providing minimum levels of corrosion resistance.
  • Table 3 illustrates compositions of test specimens of the austenitic stainless steel of Examples 13 to 22 and comparative Examples 7 to 10 (only elements Ni, C, Si, Mn, Cr, and Cu are shown). Table 4 illustrates a mechanical strength test for the test specimens of the austenitic stainless steel of the Examples 13 to 22 and the comparative Examples 7 to 10. The test results show that the austenitic stainless steel of this invention has an elongation better than those of type 304 stainless steel of the prior art. Other mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness, of the austenitic stainless steel of this invention are comparable to those of type 304 stainless steel of the prior art.
    Examples Ni C Si Mn Cr Cu
    13 4.26 0.036 0.56 7.7 15.12 1.67
    14 4.21 0.039 0.47 7.97 15.32 1.66
    15 4.21 0.056 0.54 7.69 15.26 1.79
    16 4.15 0.049 0.48 7.7 15.26 1.66
    17 4.20 0.040 0.49 7.93 15.35 1.67
    18 4.21 0.039 0.48 7.96 15.29 1.66
    19 4.22 0.044 0.46 7.93 15.01 1.70
    20 4.17 0.064 0.5 7.71 15.16 1.65
    21 4.20 0.055 0.52 7.70 15.32 1.68
    22 4.41 0.058 0.48 7.56 15.27 1.80
    Comparative Example Ni C Si Mn Cr Cu
    7 8.06 0.039 0.53 1.17 18.14 0.23
    8 8.04 0.041 0.50 1.15 18.15 0.21
    9 8.08 0.039 0.49 1.18 18.17 0.24
    10 8.03 0.040 0.52 1.11 18.09 0.22
    Examples Tensile strength,
    (MPa)    		 Yield strength,
    (MPa)    		 Hardness,
    (HRBO)    		 Elongation,
    (%)
    13 621.7 313.3 83.5 55.2
    14 630.2 289.5 82.5 55.3
    15 628.5 287.6 82.3 55.0
    16 642.3 291.3 82.8 53.1
    17 618.4 312.0 84.3 53.7
    18 634.6 296.4 82.8 53.8
    19 639.0 317.2 83.9 54.1
    20 642.6 319.7 84.7 54.3
    21 621.7 313.3 83.5 55.2
    22 641.9 301.6 83.4 53.4
    Comparative Examples Tensile strength,
    (MPa)    		 Yield strength,
    (MPa)    		 Hardness,
    (HRBO)    		 Elongation,
    (%)
    7 660.0 324.6 83.2 49.1
    8 660.6 325.0 82.6 46.8
    9 663.8 328.9 82.4 48.8
    10 657.8 322.8 81.8 48.5
  • The aforesaid tests show that the austenitic stainless steel of this invention is capable of exhibiting excellent mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and phase stability during hot or cold working with a relatively low nickel content and a low chromium content as compared to those of the prior art.

Claims (4)

  1. An austenitic stainless steel characterized by:
    (a) 0.03wt% to 0.12wt% of C;
    (b) 0.2wt% to 1.0wt% of Si;
    (c) 7.5wt% to 10.5wt% of Mn;
    (d) 14.0wt% to 16.0wt% of Cr;
    (e) 1.0wt% to 5.0wt% of Ni;
    (f) 0.04wt% to 0.25wt% of N;
    (g) 1.0wt% to 3.5wt% of Cu;
    (h) trace amount of Mo; and
       the balance being Fe and incidental impurities; wherein said austenitic stainless steel has a δ-ferrite content that is less than 8.5 and that satisfies the following formula δ-ferrite = 6.77[(d)+(h)+1.5(b)]-4.85[(e)+30(a)+30(f)+0.5(c)+0.3(g)]-52.75.
  2. The austenitic stainless steel of Claim 1, further characterized by 5 to 30 ppm of B.
  3. The austenitic stainless steel of Claim 1, further characterized by no more than 150 ppm of S.
  4. The austenitic stainless steel of Claim 1, further characterized by no more than 0.06wt% of P.
EP02028526A 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 Low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel Revoked EP1431408B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200230469T SI1431408T1 (en) 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 Low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel
PT02028526T PT1431408E (en) 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 Low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel
EP02028526A EP1431408B1 (en) 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 Low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel
AT02028526T ATE346174T1 (en) 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL CRNIMNCU STEEL WITH LOW NICKEL CONTENT
DE60216304T DE60216304T2 (en) 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 Austenitic stainless CrNiMnCu steel with low nickel content
ES02028526T ES2277611T3 (en) 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 STAINLESS STEEL CRUST A CRIIMNCU WITH LOW CONTENT IN NICKEL.
DK02028526T DK1431408T3 (en) 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 Low nickel Austenitic stainless steel and containing chromium-nickel-manganese copper

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02028526A EP1431408B1 (en) 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 Low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel

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EP1431408A1 true EP1431408A1 (en) 2004-06-23
EP1431408B1 EP1431408B1 (en) 2006-11-22

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EP02028526A Revoked EP1431408B1 (en) 2002-12-19 2002-12-19 Low nickel containing chromium-nickel-manganese-copper austenitic stainless steel

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EP (1) EP1431408B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE346174T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60216304T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1431408T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2277611T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1431408E (en)
SI (1) SI1431408T1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2566994A1 (en) * 2010-05-06 2013-03-13 Outokumpu Oyj Low-nickel austenitic stainless steel and use of the steel
US8540933B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2013-09-24 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Stainless austenitic low Ni steel alloy
US8608873B2 (en) 2008-09-11 2013-12-17 Outokumpu Nirosta Gmbh Stainless steel, cold strip produced from this steel, and method for producing a flat steel product from this steel
CN112593059A (en) * 2020-12-02 2021-04-02 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 Thermal deformation method for reducing delta ferrite content in martensitic stainless steel

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ES2142756A1 (en) * 1998-04-22 2000-04-16 Acerinox Sa Austenitic stainless steel with a low nickel content
GB2359095A (en) * 2000-02-14 2001-08-15 Jindal Strips Ltd Stainless steel

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GB995068A (en) * 1963-10-14 1965-06-10 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Improvements in or relating to austenitic stainless steel
US3756807A (en) * 1970-01-13 1973-09-04 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd Austenitic stainless steels
GB2075550A (en) * 1980-05-05 1981-11-18 Armco Inc Abrasion Resistant Austenitic Stainless Steel
JPS61124556A (en) * 1984-11-20 1986-06-12 Kawasaki Steel Corp Low nickel austenitic stainless steel sheet and its manufacture
US4946644A (en) * 1989-03-03 1990-08-07 Baltimore Specialty Steels Corporation Austenitic stainless steel with improved castability
ES2142756A1 (en) * 1998-04-22 2000-04-16 Acerinox Sa Austenitic stainless steel with a low nickel content
GB2359095A (en) * 2000-02-14 2001-08-15 Jindal Strips Ltd Stainless steel

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INNOVATION STAINLESS STEEL, EUROPEAN STAINLESS STEEL CONFERENCE, 1ST, FLORENCE, OCT. 11-14, 1993 (1993), VOLUME 2, 2.231-6 PUBLISHER: ASSOCIAZIONE ITALIANA DI METALLURGIA, MILAN, ITALY., XP001135086 *
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8608873B2 (en) 2008-09-11 2013-12-17 Outokumpu Nirosta Gmbh Stainless steel, cold strip produced from this steel, and method for producing a flat steel product from this steel
US8540933B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2013-09-24 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Stainless austenitic low Ni steel alloy
EP2566994A1 (en) * 2010-05-06 2013-03-13 Outokumpu Oyj Low-nickel austenitic stainless steel and use of the steel
EP2566994A4 (en) * 2010-05-06 2017-04-05 Outokumpu Oyj Low-nickel austenitic stainless steel and use of the steel
CN112593059A (en) * 2020-12-02 2021-04-02 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 Thermal deformation method for reducing delta ferrite content in martensitic stainless steel
CN112593059B (en) * 2020-12-02 2022-05-24 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 Thermal deformation method for reducing delta ferrite content in martensitic stainless steel

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ATE346174T1 (en) 2006-12-15
EP1431408B1 (en) 2006-11-22
ES2277611T3 (en) 2007-07-16
DE60216304T2 (en) 2007-06-21
PT1431408E (en) 2007-02-28
SI1431408T1 (en) 2007-06-30
DK1431408T3 (en) 2007-03-12
DE60216304D1 (en) 2007-01-04

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