EP1430207B1 - Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer - Google Patents
Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1430207B1 EP1430207B1 EP02762226A EP02762226A EP1430207B1 EP 1430207 B1 EP1430207 B1 EP 1430207B1 EP 02762226 A EP02762226 A EP 02762226A EP 02762226 A EP02762226 A EP 02762226A EP 1430207 B1 EP1430207 B1 EP 1430207B1
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- Prior art keywords
- time
- current
- voltage
- switching
- solenoid valve
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
- F02D2041/2055—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit with means for determining actual opening or closing time
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
- F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer.
- a method and a device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer are known. Such electromagnetic consumers are used in particular for controlling the metering of fuel in internal combustion engines.
- a solenoid valve determines the duration of injection and / or the start of injection.
- solenoid valves In solenoid valves usually passes between the actuation time and the response of the solenoid valve a certain period of time. This period of time is commonly referred to as the switching time of the valve. This switching time depends on various parameters. Such parameters are, for example, the coil voltage and / or the coil temperature and / or the current flowing through the coil.
- a variable switching time of the solenoid valve in turn has a variable injection duration and / or a variable start of injection and thus an undesirably changing amount of injected fuel result.
- the DE 40 20 094 describes a method and a device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer. This device is based on the task of safely closing the solenoid valve and terminating the injection when an error occurs. For this purpose, the voltage applied to the switching means, which corresponds to the extinguishing voltage, monitored. Upon detection of a fault, the control of the solenoid valve is terminated. It is provided that the solenoid valve is driven so long that a certain amount of fuel is still metered, so that emergency operation is possible. When switching off the solenoid valve, a high voltage is induced at this, which is limited by the extinguishing device to a certain value. It is checked whether this voltage increase occurs. For this purpose, the voltage at a point B is compared with a reference value. If the voltage at the point B exceeds the reference value, a signal is generated. If this is the case, then the device works properly. If this is not the case, then errors are detected. That is, based on the period during which the erase voltage is applied is detected on error.
- the time duration is determined during which the erase voltage is applied to the load.
- the time is determined at which the erase voltage drops below a threshold value (TS).
- TS threshold value
- the duration of the erase voltage then corresponds to the time interval between the switching off of the consumer and the falling below the threshold value.
- a switch-on time in the specification of the beginning and the switch-off time in the specification of the duration of the control is taken into account. Instead of the duration of the control and the end of the control can be specified. When setting the end, the switch-on time and the switch-off time must be taken into account.
- the erase voltage is the voltage applied to the load during the shutdown process. This voltage is preferably detected at the terminal of the consumer, which is connected to the power supply.
- FIG. 1 essential elements of a device that FIGS. 2 and 3 various signals plotted over time
- FIG. 3 a valve characteristic that FIG. 5 essential elements of the device according to the invention and the FIG. 6 various signals plotted over time.
- the invention will be described below using the example of a device FIG. 5 for controlling the amount of fuel to be injected into an internal combustion engine. It is not limited to this application. It can always be used if the activation duration of an electromagnetic consumer is to be controlled. This is the case in particular if the activation duration defines a variable, such as the volume flow of a medium flowing through the solenoid valve.
- FIG. 1 is at 100 an electromagnetic consumer, in particular a solenoid valve called.
- a first connection of the solenoid valve 100 is connected to a supply voltage Ubat.
- a second terminal of the solenoid valve is connected via a switching means 110 and a current measuring means 120 to ground 130 in connection.
- the switching means 110 is preferably realized as a transistor.
- the two connections of the Switching means are preferably connected via a voltage limiting means 111.
- the current measuring means is preferably an ohmic resistor, wherein the voltage drop across the ohmic resistor is evaluated for current measurement.
- the switching means 110 is acted upon by a drive logic 115 with a drive signal.
- the voltage drop at the current measuring means 120 is evaluated by a current detection 125.
- This current detection includes, among other things, an analog-to-digital converter and a register 126 for storing the current value.
- the components 110 to 125 form the so-called output stage 140, which is preferably designed as an output stage IC.
- the output stage 140 is preferably connected to a control unit 150 via an interface and transmits via this at least the value of the current I to the control unit 150.
- the control unit 150 sends a control signal T, which specifies, in particular, the activation duration and / or the start of the activation Amplifier, in particular to the drive logic 115, transmitted.
- the control unit 150 includes, among other things, a switching time determination 152 which is connected to the register of the current detection 125. Furthermore, the control unit 150 includes a drive time specification 154, which applies the drive logic 115 to the drive signal T.
- the control unit 150 calculates the drive signal T on the basis of various operating parameters of the internal combustion engine and / or ambient conditions.
- This actuation signal T contains the information regarding the actuation start and / or the actuation duration of the electromagnetic load.
- This drive signal T- is then converted by the drive logic 115 into signals for acting on the switching means 110.
- the current I flowing through the load 100 generates a voltage drop at the current measuring resistor 120 which is detected by the current detection 125. Starting from the voltage drop, the current detection determines the current value I and writes this into the register 126. The switching time determination 152 reads the current value I from the SPI register and determines, based on the current value I, the switching times TA. The switching times TA are taken into account by the drive timing 154 in the determination of the drive signal T.
- FIG. 2 the course of the current during switching on over time t is plotted. Three current curves with different final values of the current I1, I2 and I3 are shown.
- the switching means 110 is closed and the current flow
- FIG. 2 the course of the current during switching on over time t is plotted. Three current curves with different final values of the current I1, I2 and I3 are shown.
- the switching means 110 is closed and the current flow through the load 100 begins. Due to the inductance of the load, the current increases according to the exponential function. After a period of time, the needle of the solenoid valve begins to move and the inductance of the load changes.
- the solenoid valve needle reaches its new end position, ie the solenoid valve opens, the current in the example shown has a kink. From this point on, the current then rises to its final value 11, 12 or 13.
- the time at which the solenoid valve opens is denoted by t3, t2 and t1, respectively.
- the distance between the switch-on time te and the opening of the solenoid valve at time t3, t2 or t1 is commonly referred to as switching time, in particular as the switch-on time. For large currents, preferably sets a small on-time. For smaller currents results in a longer turn-on time.
- This switch-on time depends on the final value of the current. This relationship is preferably stored as a map in the switching time setting 152. Alternatively, it can also be provided that the current detection already carries out a conversion of the current into a switching time and, instead of the current, transmits a switching time or a correction value to the control unit 150.
- FIG. 3 the course of the Nadelhubs h when switching off, ie when opening the switch 110 at time ta applied.
- three stationary current values given starting from which is switched off. From time ta, the current drops to zero according to an exponential function. As a result, the solenoid valve needle slowly moves toward its closed position. Depending on the current level and the clamp voltage, the switch-off will be shorter or longer. If the needle lift curve touches the time axis at times t1, t2 and t3, the solenoid valve is closed. With a high current results in a long turn-off time, with a small current results in a shorter turn-off time. For large currents, preferably sets a large turn-off. For smaller currents results in a shorter shutdown time.
- the relationship between the steady state end value of the current before shutdown and the switching time is as well as the turn-on time in the switching timing 152 preferably stored as a map.
- the current value flowing through the load is measured in steady state, steady state. This is preferably done about 2 ms after switching on the current flow, at the latest immediately before switching off the consumer.
- the supply voltage Ubat is measured at the same time. Based on the measured current value, the ohmic resistance of the load is determined directly. Based on this can also be concluded on the temperature of the consumer.
- the main influencing variables on the switch-on times and the switch-off times are known and can thus be compensated. For this purpose, preferably maps or calculation methods are used.
- the switch-on time and the switch-off time are used to correct the duration of the fuel metering. It is particularly advantageous if the switch-on time for correcting the beginning of the fuel metering and the switch-off time for correcting the end of the fuel metering is used. Preferably, the switching times determined in the preceding injection are used in the subsequent metering of fuel. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it is provided that when several similar consumers are provided, as is usually the case with the metering of fuel, the measurement takes place only at one consumer, since the other consumers the same environmental conditions, such as supply voltage or temperature exposed are.
- the current is measured several times during activation and only the highest measured current is used as the value for a metering.
- the drive timing includes a valve characteristic.
- this valve characteristic the relationship between the desired amount of fuel QK to be injected and the duration ti of the drive signal T is stored.
- a valve characteristic is exemplary in FIG. 4 shown.
- An idealized characteristic is indicated by a solid line. Up to a judgmentan Kunststoffdauer ti0 no injection takes place. From the foundedan Kunststoffdauer the amount of fuel increases steeply. In the further course There is an almost linear relationship between the time ti and the injected fuel quantity QK.
- the current value is determined accordingly and based on this, a correction of the valve characteristic.
- this can be realized in such a way that different characteristic curves are stored and used in the activation time specification for different current values.
- a correction value is determined with which the output variable and / or the input variable of the characteristic map is corrected.
- the embodiment of the invention is in FIG. 5 shown.
- the embodiment of the FIG. 5 differs from the example of FIG. 1 essentially in that, instead of a current detection 125, a voltage detection 128 is provided which detects the voltage U which is present at the connection point between the load 100 and the switching means 110.
- This voltage detection 128 supplies a signal t, which represents a time value, to the switching time determination 152.
- the voltage detection 128 is in FIG. 5 shown in more detail.
- the voltage signal U reaches a comparator 128a, at whose second input an output signal TS of a threshold value 128b is located.
- the time at which the threshold is exceeded and / or the time since the consumer is driven is entered in the register 126.
- FIG. 6a is the course of the current I, which flows through the load 100, applied during the shutdown.
- FIG. 6b is applied to the load applied voltage U over the appropriate time.
- FIG. 6c the stroke of the solenoid valve needle is plotted over time. Until the time ta, the steady state current value flows through the consumer. At the time ta, the control of the switching means 110 ends. From this point on, the current drops to 0 according to an exponential function. This has the consequence that from a certain delay time, the solenoid valve needle Simultaneously with the operation of the switching means 110, the clamp voltage U rises to a value determined by the zener diode 111.
- the voltage U As soon as the current I has dropped to 0, the voltage U also drops exponentially. This time, from which the voltage drops, corresponds to the time t1, t2 or t3, at which the current I has dropped to 0. At the time when the solenoid valve needle has reached its end position, the voltage drops to the battery voltage U Bat . According to the invention, it has been recognized that there is a relationship between the time t1, t2, t3 at which the voltage U drops and the time AT1, AT2, AT3 at which the solenoid valve reaches its end position.
- this relationship is preferably stored as a map in the switching time specification 152.
- the voltage detection already converts the times t1, t2, t3 into a switching time and, instead of the time at which the voltage drops, transmits a switching time or a correction value to the control unit 150.
- the time t1, t2 or t3 is determined by checking whether the voltage U drops below a threshold value TS predetermined by the threshold value specification 128b. This time t1, t2 or t3 is stored in the register 126 and transferred to the switching timing 152.
- the mechanical fall time At, d. H. the time until the consumer reaches his final position, u. a. depends on the electrical parameters such as the amount of cut-off current and the inductance. These parameters go into the temporal length of the cut-off voltage, d. H. in the difference between the time ta and the times t1, t2 or t3.
- the shutdown voltage is also referred to as erase voltage.
- this period of time is measured between the time ta and the time t1, t2 or t3. Based on the length of the shutdown voltage is then closed on the mechanical shutdown time At1, At2 or At3. This is done, for example, with the in FIG. 5 Due to the knowledge of the exact mechanical turn-off time, the accuracy in the control of the electromagnetic load can be significantly improved. By reducing the erase voltage, which is thereby possible, there is a significant cost advantage.
- the mechanical switch-off time depends on the electrical variables, such as the current in the shutdown case, the inductance, the level of the erase voltage, the coil resistance and / or the supply voltage U Bat . All these variables are included in the length of the pending extinguishing voltage in the case of a shutdown.
- the length from the switch-off time ta until reaching the trigger threshold is measured according to the invention.
- the mechanical switch-off time is determined from this period of time, in particular by means of a family of characteristics. This turn-off time At thus determined is then corresponding to the drive time determination 154 for determining the drive time T, as in the first embodiment according to FIG. 1 , considered.
- the procedure according to the invention is generally applicable to electromagnetic consumers.
- it can be used in motor vehicles in injectors or other solenoid valves, which are in the field of fuel metering or in the area of control.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines elektromagnetischen Verbrauchers.The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer.
Aus der
Bei Magnetventilen verstreicht üblicherweise zwischen dem Ansteuerzeitpunkt und der Reaktion des Magnetventils eine gewisse Zeitspanne. Diese Zeitspanne wird üblicherweise als Schaltzeit des Ventils bezeichnet. Diese Schaltzeit hängt von verschiedenen Parametern ab. Solche Parameter sind beispielsweise die Spulenspannung und/oder die Spulentemperatur und/oder der durch die Spule fließende Strom. Eine variable Schaltzeit des Magnetventils hat wiederum eine variable Einspritzdauer und/oder einen variablen Einspritzbeginn und damit eine sich unerwünscht ändernde eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge zur Folge.In solenoid valves usually passes between the actuation time and the response of the solenoid valve a certain period of time. This period of time is commonly referred to as the switching time of the valve. This switching time depends on various parameters. Such parameters are, for example, the coil voltage and / or the coil temperature and / or the current flowing through the coil. A variable switching time of the solenoid valve in turn has a variable injection duration and / or a variable start of injection and thus an undesirably changing amount of injected fuel result.
Aus der
Die
Des weiteren ist bekannt, dass beim Abschalten die mechanischen Schaltzeiten abhängig von dem Abschaltstrom und der Abschaltspannung sind. Um den Einfluss unterschiedlicher Abschaltströme wirklich gering zu halten, wird mit möglichst hoher Löschspannung der Strom aus dem Verbraucher abkommutiert. Hierzu sind Bauelemente erforderlich, die die entsprechende Spannungsfestigkeiten aufweisen. Diese Bauteile sind vergleichsweise teuer.Furthermore, it is known that when switching off the mechanical switching times are dependent on the switch-off and the switch-off voltage. In order to keep the influence of different cut-off currents really low, the current from the consumer is commuted with the highest possible erasing voltage. For this purpose, components are required which have the appropriate voltage strengths. These components are relatively expensive.
Dadurch, dass wenigstens eine Schaltzeit ausgehend von der Zeitdauer ermittelt wird, während der die Löschspannung anliegt, kann eine sehr genaue Steuerung der Kraftstoffzumessung insbesondere des Beginns der Kraftstoffzumessung und/oder der Dauer der Kraftstoffzumessung erreicht werden. Darüber hinaus ergibt sich eine wesentliche Kosteneinsparung gegenüber Systemen, die auf hohe Spannungsfestigkeiten ausgelegt sind, dadurch, dass die Schaltzeit in Abhängigkeit der Löschspannung vorbestimmbar sind.Characterized in that at least one switching time is determined on the basis of the period during which the erase voltage applied, a very precise control of the fuel metering in particular the beginning of the fuel metering and / or the duration of the fuel metering can be achieved. In addition, there is a significant cost savings compared to systems that are designed for high dielectric strengths, characterized in that the switching time depending on the erase voltage can be predetermined.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die Ausführungsform, bei der die Zeitdauer ermittelt wird, während der die Löschspannung am Verbraucher anliegt. Vorzugsweise wird der Zeitpunkt ermittelt, bei dem die Löschspannung unter einen Schwellenwert (TS) abfällt. Die Dauer der Löschspannung entspricht dann dem Zeitabschnitt zwischen dem Abschalten des Verbrauchers und dem Unterschreiten des Schwellenwerts.Particularly preferred is the embodiment in which the time duration is determined during which the erase voltage is applied to the load. Preferably, the time is determined at which the erase voltage drops below a threshold value (TS). The duration of the erase voltage then corresponds to the time interval between the switching off of the consumer and the falling below the threshold value.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn eine Einschaltzeit bei der Vorgabe des Beginns und die Ausschaltzeit bei der Vorgabe der Dauer der Ansteuerung berücksichtigt wird. Anstelle der Dauer der Ansteuerung kann auch das Ende der Ansteuerung vorgegeben werden. Bei der Vorgabe des Endes sind die Einschaltzeit und die Ausschaltzeit zu berücksichtigen.It is particularly advantageous if a switch-on time in the specification of the beginning and the switch-off time in the specification of the duration of the control is taken into account. Instead of the duration of the control and the end of the control can be specified. When setting the end, the switch-on time and the switch-off time must be taken into account.
Bei der Löschspannung handelt es sich bei der während des Abschaltvorgangs am Verbraucher anliegenden Spannung. Diese Spannung wird vorzugsweise an dem Anschluss des Verbrauchers erfasst, der mit der Spannungsversorgung in Verbindung steht.The erase voltage is the voltage applied to the load during the shutdown process. This voltage is preferably detected at the terminal of the consumer, which is connected to the power supply.
Vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous and expedient refinements and developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsform erläutert. Es zeigt
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden am Beispiel einer Vorrichtung nach
In
Das Schaltmittel 110 wird von einer Ansteuerlogik 115 mit einem Ansteuersignal beaufschlagt. Der Spannungsabfall am Strommessmittel 120 wird von einer Stromerfassung 125 ausgewertet. Diese Stromerfassung beinhaltet unter anderem ein Analog/Digital-Wandler und ein Register 126 zum speichern des Stromwerts. Die Bauelemente 110 bis 125 bilden die sogenannte Endstufe 140, die vorzugsweise als Endstufen IC ausgebildet ist. Die Endstufe 140 steht vorzugsweise über eine Schnittstelle mit einer Steuereinheit 150 in Verbindung und überträgt über diese zumindestens den Wert des Stroms I an die Steuereinheit 150. Von der Steuereinheit 150 wird ein Ansteuersignal T, das insbesondere die Ansteuerdauer und/oder den Ansteuerbeginn festlegt, zur Endstufe, insbesondere zur Ansteuerlogik 115, übertragen. Die Steuereinheit 150 beinhaltet unter anderem eine Schaltzeitermittlung 152 die mit dem Register der Stromerfassung 125 verbunden ist. Desweiteren beinhaltet die Steuereinheit 150 eine Ansteuerzeitvorgabe 154, die die Ansteuerlogik 115 mit dem Ansteuersignal T beaufschlagt.The
Die Steuereinheit 150, insbesondere die Ansteuerzeitvorgabe 154, berechnet ausgehend von verschiedenen Betriebskenngrößen der Brennkraftmaschine und/oder Umgebungsbedingungen das Ansteuersignal T. Dieses Ansteuersignal T beinhaltet die Information bezüglich des Ansteuerbeginns und/oder der Ansteuerdauer des elektromagnetischen Verbrauchers. Dieses Ansteuersignal T-wird dann von der Ansteuerlogik 115 in Signale zur Beaufschlagung des Schaltmittels 110 umgewandelt.The
Der durch den Verbraucher 100 fließende Strom I erzeugt am Strommesswiderstand 120 ein Spannungsabfall, der von der Stromerfassung 125 ermittelt wird. Ausgehend von dem Spannungsabfall ermittelt die Stromerfassung den Stromwert I und schreibt diesen in das Register 126. Die Schaltzeitermittlung 152 liest den Stromwert I aus dem SPI-Register aus und bestimmt ausgehend von dem Stromwert I die Schaltzeiten TA. Die Schaltzeiten TA werden von der Ansteuerzeitvorgabe 154 bei der Bestimmung des Ansteuersignals T berücksichtigt.The current I flowing through the
In
Diese Einschaltzeit ist abhängig vom Endwert des Stromes. Dieser Zusammenhang ist vorzugsweise als Kennfeld in der Schaltzeitvorgabe 152 abgelegt. Alternativ kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Stromerfassung bereits eine Umrechnung des Stroms in eine Schaltzeit vornimmt und anstelle des Stroms eine Schaltzeit oder ein Korrekturwert an die Steuereinheit 150 übermittelt.This switch-on time depends on the final value of the current. This relationship is preferably stored as a map in the switching time setting 152. Alternatively, it can also be provided that the current detection already carries out a conversion of the current into a switching time and, instead of the current, transmits a switching time or a correction value to the
In
Der Zusammenhang zwischen dem stationären Endwert des Stromes vor dem Abschalten und der Schaltzeit ist ebenso, wie die Einschaltzeit in der Schaltzeitvorgabe 152 vorzugsweise als Kennfeld abgelegt.The relationship between the steady state end value of the current before shutdown and the switching time is as well as the turn-on time in the
Vorzugsweise wird der Stromwert, der durch den Verbraucher fließt im eingeschwungenen, statischen Zustand gemessen. Dies erfolgt vorzugsweise ca. 2 ms nach dem Einschalten des Stromflusses, spätestens unmittelbar vor dem Abschalten des Verbrauchers.Preferably, the current value flowing through the load is measured in steady state, steady state. This is preferably done about 2 ms after switching on the current flow, at the latest immediately before switching off the consumer.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn gleichzeitig die Versorgungsspannung Ubat gemessen wird. Ausgehend von dem gemessenen Stromwert wird direkt der ohmsche Widerstand des Verbrauchers bestimmt. Ausgehend von diesem kann auch auf die Temperatur des Verbrauchers geschlossen werden. Damit sind die Haupt-Einflussgrößen auf die Einschaltzeiten und die Abschaltzeiten bekannt und können somit kompensiert werden. Hierzu werden vorzugsweise Kennfelder oder Berechnungsverfahren angewendet.It is particularly advantageous if the supply voltage Ubat is measured at the same time. Based on the measured current value, the ohmic resistance of the load is determined directly. Based on this can also be concluded on the temperature of the consumer. Thus, the main influencing variables on the switch-on times and the switch-off times are known and can thus be compensated. For this purpose, preferably maps or calculation methods are used.
Ferner kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Einschaltzeit und die Ausschaltzeit zur Korrektur der Dauer der Kraftstoffzumessung verwendet wird. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Einschaltzeit zur Korrektur des Beginns der Kraftstoffzumessung und die Ausschaltzeit zur Korrektur des Endes der Kraftstoffzumessung verwendet wird. Vorzugsweise werden die, bei der vorangegangenen Einspritzung ermittelten Schaltzeiten, bei der folgenden Kraftstoffzumessung verwendet. Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass wenn mehrere gleichartige Verbraucher vorgesehen sind, wie dies bei der Kraftstoffzumessung in der Regel der Fall, die Messung lediglich bei einem Verbraucher erfolgt, da die weiteren Verbraucher den gleichen Umweltbedingungen, wie beispielsweise Versorgungsspannung oder Temperatur, ausgesetzt sind.Furthermore, it may be provided that the switch-on time and the switch-off time are used to correct the duration of the fuel metering. It is particularly advantageous if the switch-on time for correcting the beginning of the fuel metering and the switch-off time for correcting the end of the fuel metering is used. Preferably, the switching times determined in the preceding injection are used in the subsequent metering of fuel. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it is provided that when several similar consumers are provided, as is usually the case with the metering of fuel, the measurement takes place only at one consumer, since the other consumers the same environmental conditions, such as supply voltage or temperature exposed are.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Strom mehrmals während der Ansteuerung gemessen wird und lediglich der höchste gemessene Strom bei einer Zumessung als Wert verwendet wird.It is particularly advantageous if the current is measured several times during activation and only the highest measured current is used as the value for a metering.
Üblicherweise umfasst die Ansteuerzeitvorgabe eine Ventil-Kennlinie. In dieser Ventil-Kennlinie ist der Zusammenhang zischen der gewünschten einzuspritzenden Kraftstoffmenge QK und der Dauer ti des Ansteuersignals T abgelegt. Eine Ventil-Kennlinie ist beispielhaft in
Abhängig von dem Strom I, der durch den Verbraucher fließt ergeben sich wie oben dargestellt unterschiedliche Schaltzeiten. Diese haben zur Folge, dass sich bei unterschiedlichen Strömen unterschiedliche Kennlinien ergeben. Es wurde erkannt, dass die Stromabhängigkeit eine Parallelverschiebung der Kennlinie zur Folge hat.Depending on the current I, which flows through the consumer as shown above different switching times. These have the consequence that arise at different currents different characteristics. It was recognized that the current dependence results in a parallel shift of the characteristic curve.
Es ist deshalb vorgesehen, dass der Stromwert entsprechend ermittelt und ausgehend von diesem eine Korrektur der Ventil-Kennlinie erfolgt. Dies kann zum einen derart realisiert sein, dass für unterschiedliche Stromwerte unterschiedliche Kennlinien in der Ansteuerzeitvorgabe abgelegt und verwendet werden. Alternativ kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass ein Korrekturwert ermittelt wird, mit dem die Ausgangsgröße und/oder die Eingangsgröße des Kennfeldes korrigiert wird.It is therefore provided that the current value is determined accordingly and based on this, a correction of the valve characteristic. On the one hand, this can be realized in such a way that different characteristic curves are stored and used in the activation time specification for different current values. Alternatively it can also be provided that a correction value is determined with which the output variable and / or the input variable of the characteristic map is corrected.
Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung ist in
Die Spannungserfassung 128 ist in
Im Folgenden wird die Funktionsweise dieser Ausgestaltung anhand der
Erfindungsgemäß ist dieser Zusammenhang vorzugsweise als Kennfeld in der Schaltzeitvorgabe 152 abgelegt. Alternativ kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Spannungserfassung bereits eine Umrechnung der Zeitpunkte t1, t2, t3 in eine Schaltzeit vornimmt und anstelle der Zeit, bei dem die Spannung abfällt, eine Schaltzeit oder ein Korrekturwert an die Steuereinheit 150 übermittelt.According to the invention, this relationship is preferably stored as a map in the
Erfindungsgemäß ist dabei vorgesehen, dass der Zeitpunkt t1, t2 oder t3 dadurch ermittelt wird, dass überprüft wird, ob die Spannung U unter einen Schwellwert TS, der von der Schwellwertvorgabe 128b vorgegeben wird, abfällt. Dieser Zeitpunkt t1, t2 oder t3 wird in dem Register 126 abgespeichert und an die Schaltzeitvorgabe 152 übergeben.According to the invention, it is provided that the time t1, t2 or t3 is determined by checking whether the voltage U drops below a threshold value TS predetermined by the
Erfindungsgemäß wurde erkannt, dass beim Abschalten eines elektromagnetischen Verbrauchers die mechanische Abfallzeit At, d. h. die Zeit, bis der Verbraucher seine Endlage erreicht, u. a. von den elektrischen Parametern wie der Höhe des Abschaltstromes und der Induktivität abhängig ist. Diese Parameter gehen in die zeitliche Länge der Abschaltspannung, d. h. in die Differenz zwischen dem Zeitpunkt ta und den Zeitpunkten t1, t2 oder t3 ein. Die Abschaltspannung wird auch als Löschspannung bezeichnet.According to the invention it has been recognized that when switching off an electromagnetic consumer, the mechanical fall time At, d. H. the time until the consumer reaches his final position, u. a. depends on the electrical parameters such as the amount of cut-off current and the inductance. These parameters go into the temporal length of the cut-off voltage, d. H. in the difference between the time ta and the times t1, t2 or t3. The shutdown voltage is also referred to as erase voltage.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Zeitspanne zwischen dem Zeitpunkt ta und dem Zeitpunkt t1, t2 oder t3 gemessen. Ausgehend von der Länge der Abschaltspannung wird dann auf die mechanische Abschaltzeit At1, At2 oder At3 geschlossen. Dies erfolgt beispielsweise mit dem in
Erfindungsgemäß wurde erkannt, dass die mechanische Abschaltzeit abhängig von den elektrischen Größen, wie dem Strom im Abschaltfall, der Induktivität, der Höhe der Löschspannung, dem Spulen widerstand und/oder der Versorgungsspannung UBat ist. Alle diese Größen gehen in die Länge der anstehenden Löschspannung im Abschaltfall ein. Die Länge vom Abschaltzeitpunkt ta bis zum Erreichen der Triggerschwelle wird erfindungsgemäß gemessen. Erfindungsgemäß wird aus dieser Zeitspanne, insbesondere mittels eines Kennlinienfeldes, die mechanische Abschaltzeit bestimmt. Diese so ermittelte Abschaltzeit At wird dann von der Ansteuerzeitbestimmung 154 zur Bestimmung der Ansteuerzeit T entsprechend, wie bei der ersten Ausführungsform gemäß
Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Vorgehensweise ist es möglich, die Löschspannung auf niederere Werte zu reduzieren, wobei gleichzeitig die Streuungen bei den Abschaltzeiten nicht erhöht werden. Dadurch treten erhebliche Kosteneinsparungen im Bereich der Bauelemente ein, da diese nicht mehr auf entsprechend hohe Spannungen ausgelegt werden müssen.By this procedure according to the invention, it is possible to reduce the erase voltage to lower values, while at the same time not increasing the variations in the shutdown times. This results in significant cost savings in the field of components, as they no longer have to be designed for correspondingly high voltages.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorgehensweise ist generell auf elektromagnetische Verbraucher anwendbar. Insbesondere kann sie bei Einspritzventilen oder anderen Magnetventilen, die im Bereich der Kraftstoffzumessung oder im Bereich der Steuerung liegen, in Kraftfahrzeugen eingesetzt werden.The procedure according to the invention is generally applicable to electromagnetic consumers. In particular, it can be used in motor vehicles in injectors or other solenoid valves, which are in the field of fuel metering or in the area of control.
Da in der Regel alle Verbraucher, insbesondere alle Einspritzventile einer Brennkraftmaschine, den gleichen Umgebungsbedingungen wie beispielsweise der Batteriespannung, der Motortemperatur, dem Kraftstoffdruck ausgesetzt sind, kann bei einer vereinfachten Ausführungsform vorgesehen sein, dass die Erfassung der Löschspannung nur bei einer der Endstufen eines Magnetventils erfolgt.Since in general all consumers, in particular all injection valves of an internal combustion engine, the same environmental conditions such as the battery voltage, the engine temperature, the fuel pressure are exposed, may be provided in a simplified embodiment that the detection of the erase voltage occurs only in one of the output stages of a solenoid valve ,
Claims (4)
- Method for actuating an electromagnetic load, in particular a solenoid valve for influencing the quantity of fuel which is to be injected into an internal combustion engine, wherein at least one switching time of the load is taken into account in the actuation, characterized in that the switching time is determined on the basis of a time period during which an extinction voltage is applied.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching time is determined on the basis of the time at which the extinction voltage drops below a threshold value (TS).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the duration of the measurement of fuel is corrected on the basis of a switch-on time and/or a switch-off time.
- Device for actuating an electromagnetic load, in particular a solenoid valve for influencing the quantity of fuel which is to be injected into an internal combustion engine, wherein at least one switching time of the load is taken into account in the actuation, characterized in that means are provided which determines the switching time on the basis of a time period during which an extinction voltage is applied.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10140313 | 2001-08-16 | ||
DE10140313 | 2001-08-16 | ||
PCT/DE2002/002781 WO2003023211A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 | 2002-07-27 | Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1430207A1 EP1430207A1 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
EP1430207B1 true EP1430207B1 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP02762226A Expired - Lifetime EP1430207B1 (en) | 2001-08-16 | 2002-07-27 | Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US7089915B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1430207B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4015619B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100857638B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10234265A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003023211A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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ITTO20030921A1 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-21 | Fiat Ricerche | CONTROL DEVICE OF ELECTRO-ACTUATORS WITH DETECTION OF THE END OF IMPLEMENTATION AND METHOD OF DETECTING THE END OF IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ELECTRO-ACTUATOR. |
GB2470211B (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2013-07-31 | Gm Global Tech Operations Inc | Hysteresis-type electronic controlling device for fuel injectors and associated method |
DE102009028650B4 (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2019-08-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating a fuel injection valve of an internal combustion engine |
EP2375041A3 (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2018-04-04 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | System and method for controlling an injection time of a fuel injector |
EP2469064A1 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2012-06-27 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method of controlling an internal combustion engine |
EP2514956A1 (en) | 2011-04-22 | 2012-10-24 | Delphi Automotive Systems Luxembourg SA | Method of controlling an electromagnetic actuator |
EP2650518A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 | 2013-10-16 | Delphi Automotive Systems Luxembourg SA | Method of controlling an injection time of a fuel injector |
DE102013218149B4 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2022-06-23 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Circuit arrangement for determining changes in inductance of the coil of a magnetic actuator due to the movement of the actuated actuator |
EP3072138A4 (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2017-06-21 | Eaton Corporation | Solenoid and associated control method |
DE102019200572A1 (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for determining the movement of an armature of an electric suction valve |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE3729954A1 (en) * | 1987-09-07 | 1989-03-16 | Sikora Gernot | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING INJECTION VALVES |
JP2892717B2 (en) * | 1989-11-15 | 1999-05-17 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Power switching controller |
DE4020094C2 (en) | 1990-06-23 | 1998-01-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer |
DE69304234T3 (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1999-07-15 | Zexel Corp | Fuel injector |
DE4305488A1 (en) * | 1993-02-23 | 1994-08-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Control circuit for a solenoid valve |
JP3494383B2 (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 2004-02-09 | 富士重工業株式会社 | Engine fuel injector drive circuit |
DE4329981A1 (en) * | 1993-09-04 | 1995-03-09 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer |
DE4341797A1 (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer |
DE4415361B4 (en) | 1994-05-02 | 2005-05-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer |
DE19513878A1 (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-10-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic consumer |
DE19611885B4 (en) * | 1996-03-26 | 2007-04-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for controlling an electromagnetic switching element |
JP3613885B2 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 2005-01-26 | 国産電機株式会社 | Drive control method and drive control apparatus for injector for internal combustion engine |
DE19839863C1 (en) * | 1998-09-02 | 1999-10-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Electromagnetic fuel injection valve for automobile internal combustion engine |
DE19860272B4 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2005-03-10 | Conti Temic Microelectronic | Method and device for reducing noise in electromagnetically actuated devices |
JP3932474B2 (en) * | 1999-07-28 | 2007-06-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Electromagnetic fuel injection device and internal combustion engine |
JP4110751B2 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2008-07-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Injector drive control device |
DE102004032721A1 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-02-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for controlling an inductance |
-
2002
- 2002-07-27 DE DE10234265A patent/DE10234265A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-07-27 US US10/487,073 patent/US7089915B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-27 EP EP02762226A patent/EP1430207B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-27 DE DE50211745T patent/DE50211745D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-27 JP JP2003527255A patent/JP4015619B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-27 KR KR1020047002144A patent/KR100857638B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-27 WO PCT/DE2002/002781 patent/WO2003023211A1/en active IP Right Grant
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DE10234265A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
JP2005501998A (en) | 2005-01-20 |
US20040264096A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
KR20040029432A (en) | 2004-04-06 |
WO2003023211A1 (en) | 2003-03-20 |
DE50211745D1 (en) | 2008-04-03 |
EP1430207A1 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
KR100857638B1 (en) | 2008-09-08 |
JP4015619B2 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
US7089915B2 (en) | 2006-08-15 |
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