EP1421262B1 - Valve mechanism comprising a variable cross-section of a valve opening - Google Patents

Valve mechanism comprising a variable cross-section of a valve opening Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1421262B1
EP1421262B1 EP02737829A EP02737829A EP1421262B1 EP 1421262 B1 EP1421262 B1 EP 1421262B1 EP 02737829 A EP02737829 A EP 02737829A EP 02737829 A EP02737829 A EP 02737829A EP 1421262 B1 EP1421262 B1 EP 1421262B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
sealing
valve mechanism
gas exchange
mechanism according
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EP02737829A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1421262A1 (en
Inventor
Uwe Hammer
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
    • F01L3/085—Valve cages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/28—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of coaxial valves; characterised by the provision of valves co-operating with both intake and exhaust ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve mechanism having a variable valve opening cross-section with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the electro-hydraulic valve control offers the possibility of a variable or fully variable valve control, so that an optimization of the gas exchange and thus an increase of the engine efficiency of the internal combustion engine is possible.
  • the electrohydraulic valve control comprises a hydraulically actuable control valve whose control valve piston actuates a valve body of the intake and exhaust valves and against a valve seat (valve seat ring) leads (closing of the valve) or moved away from this (opening of the valve). Via a pressure control of a hydraulic medium, the control valve can be actuated.
  • the pressure control takes place here via integrated in the hydraulic circuit solenoid valves.
  • the highest possible switching speeds of the control valve are desired. Due to these high switching speeds, the valve body of the intake or exhaust valves strikes the valve seat ring at high speed. This results in a noise development on the one hand and the valve partners are subject to relatively high wear.
  • the EP 0 455 761 B1 a hydraulic valve control device for an internal combustion engine to the object.
  • the basic technical principle of this solution is to move a motor valve by means of a controlled pressure of a hydraulic fluid.
  • an electronic control unit controls a solenoid valve, which in turn controls the movement of a storage piston, via which the stroke of the engine valve is changed.
  • the EP 0 512 698 A1 describes an adjustable valve system for an internal combustion engine. This solution represents an example of a mechanical valve control via cams of a rotating camshaft.
  • the US 4,777,915 has an electromagnetic valve control system for an internal combustion engine to the object.
  • a similar solution of electromagnetic valve control is through the EP 0 471 614 A1 known.
  • the valve is moved back and forth in different positions by electromagnetic force.
  • the electromagnets are arranged within a housing part of the cylinder head in two different areas. By alternately activating the electromagnets, the valve is alternatively moved in two end positions, which respectively correspond to the open and closed positions of the valve. In these end positions of the valve, the passage opening to the combustion chamber of the air-fuel mixture is then the most open or completely closed.
  • Another solution is from the EP 0 551 271 B1 known.
  • this solution is a valve mechanism with a poppet valve, which is arranged in a passage of an internal combustion engine.
  • the basic principle of this solution consists in one Two-parting of the valve disk, wherein one half of the valve disk performs only a partial stroke of the other half of the valve disk.
  • a valve mechanism in which a sleeve-shaped throttle element, which has openings in the manner of a pinhole, is moved with a sealing seat having a gas exchange valve in the released operating state or fixed in a retracted operating position. Wherein a valve opening cross-section is formed in the released operating state through the openings and in the fixed operating state between the sealing seat of the gas exchange valve and a valve seat.
  • a disadvantage of these known solutions for valve control is in particular the high cost in the manufacture and assembly of the valve mechanism due to its complicated structure. This has a negative effect on the costs of production and assembly. Furthermore, these solutions require extremely high speeds and large forces for valve control, so that an increased susceptibility of the valve control due to heavy wear of the parts of the valve mechanism is the inevitable result.
  • valve mechanism with the characterizing features of the main claim, however, offers the advantage of creating a variable valve opening cross-section with simple means.
  • a sealing slide is arranged, which is acted upon by the force of a coupling spring and reciprocally displaceable by the valve control unit in the axial direction and the valve opening cross section between the sealing seat of the gas exchange valve and a sealing seat of the sealing slide results, preferably Position of the sealing slide is adjustable relative to the gas exchange valve in the axial direction by an adjustment infinitely adjustable, a valve mechanism is provided which has a simple structure and works safely and permanently.
  • Valve mechanism consists in particular that a variable valve opening cross-section can be generated, with each valve can be controlled separately.
  • variable valve opening cross-section can advantageously be generated with the valve mechanism according to the invention without high speeds and without large forces, so that the susceptibility to failure of this valve mechanism is very low.
  • the valve mechanism according to the invention can be manufactured and assembled inexpensively due to its simple structure.
  • the invention advantageously provides a variable valve control, by which an optimization of the gas exchange and thus an increase in the engine efficiency of the internal combustion engine is possible.
  • valve control unit is a camshaft.
  • the gas exchange valve has a rotationally symmetrical basic structure and consists of a valve stem, at the lower end of a valve disc is arranged.
  • valve disk has a conical peripheral surface which forms the sealing seat of the gas exchange valve.
  • the sealing seat of the gas exchange valve in each case bears directly against the sealing seat of the sealing slide and on a valve seat ring of the cylinder head.
  • the sealing slide consists of a bush-shaped bearing body, which is arranged axially reciprocally displaceable within a guide of the cylinder head.
  • the supply of the air-fuel mixture can be controlled with great accuracy and thus a high efficiency of the internal combustion engine can be achieved.
  • valve mechanism according to the invention In the two figures, the individual parts of the valve mechanism according to the invention are shown schematically and only with the essential components of the invention. Identical parts of the valve mechanism according to the invention are provided in the figures with the same reference numerals and are generally described only once in each case.
  • valve mechanism in its arrangement in the cylinder head 18 of an internal combustion engine.
  • the valve mechanism has a gas exchange valve 12, which is acted upon by the force of a valve spring 16.
  • the gas exchange valve 12 is axially reciprocally displaceable within a guide, wherein the displacement movement is generated by a valve control unit.
  • a camshaft (not shown) is provided as the valve control unit.
  • the gas exchange valve 12 has a rotationally symmetrical basic structure and consists of a valve stem 14, at whose lower end a valve plate 20 is arranged.
  • the FIG. 1 shows the valve mechanism in the closed position of the gas exchange valve 12.
  • the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 is in each case directly to a sealing seat 30 of the sealing slide 10 and to a valve seat ring 22 of the cylinder head 18 at.
  • the invention provides that coaxial with the gas exchange valve 12, a sealing slide 10 is arranged.
  • the sealing slide 10 is acted upon by the force of a coupling spring 24 and axially displaceable back and forth.
  • the sliding movement of the sealing slide 10 is also generated by the camshaft (not shown), from which the sliding movement of the gas exchange valve 12 is controlled.
  • the sealing slide 10 consists essentially of a bearing body 40 and a sealing body 38.
  • the bearing body 40 of the sealing slide 10 is formed sleeve-shaped and axially displaceable within a guide of the cylinder head 18 back and forth.
  • the sealing slide 10 has a cylindrical sealing body 38, the outer surface of which forms the sealing seat 30.
  • the sealing body 38 is connected to the bearing body 40 via connecting rods 42.
  • a stop plate 26 is attached near its upper end. To facilitate assembly, this stop plate 26 consists of two parts. The two parts of the stop plate 26 are surrounded by a clamping ring 36, by which they are held together.
  • connection between the sealing body 38 and the bearing body 40 is designed so that sufficient space for the air flowing through or for the air-fuel mixture remains. Both for the inlet and for the outlet of the air or the air-fuel mixture is thereby advantageously within the sealing slide 10, a sufficiently large passage opening for unimpeded flow through this medium available.
  • the gas exchange valve 12 can be either opened or closed.
  • the gas exchange valve 12 is pressed as in a conventional valve train via the camshaft on the valve stem 14 down and thereby controlled the course of movement of the gas exchange valve 12.
  • all known methods based on the technical principles of the bucket tappet, rocker arm, rocker arm and the like, applicable.
  • the camshaft 44 operates against the restoring force of the valve spring 16, which is supported on the cylinder head 18 and the valve plate 20, which moves with the gas exchange valve 12.
  • the gas exchange valve 12 is pressed down, and the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 lifts from the valve seat ring 22 from.
  • the sealing slide 10 is moved.
  • the coupling spring 24 is supported on the valve plate 20 and on the stop plate 26 which is connected to the sealing slide 10 from.
  • the sealing seat 30 of the sealing slide 10 is pressed onto the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12. Since there is an annular gap seal between the sealing body 38 and the valve seat ring 22, only a very small amount of air (leakage) can enter the combustion chamber 32.
  • the gas exchange valve 12 and thus also the sealing slide 10 follow the cam profile until the stop plate 26 impinges on the control slide 34.
  • the control slide 34 is adjustable in the axial direction of the valve stem 14 in its initial position relative to the gas exchange valve 12.
  • the adjustment can be done electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically.
  • the control slide 34 can only be adjusted via a corresponding adjusting unit (not shown). Otherwise, the position of the control slide 34 remains fixed within the valve mechanism, even if external forces act on it.
  • the adjustment units can each be electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated.
  • the sealing slide 10 can no longer perform any movement in the opening direction of the gas exchange valve 12. Since the gas exchange valve 12 is further moved by the camshaft, the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 lifts off from the sealing seat 30 of the sealing slide 10, wherein air can penetrate into the combustion chamber 32. The coupling spring 24 is compressed.
  • the gas exchange valve 12 follows the closing edge of the camshaft, it is pressed by the valve spring 16 in the closing direction.
  • the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 applies to the sealing seat 30 of the sealing slide 10.
  • the sealing slide 10 is taken until the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 rests against the valve seat ring 22 and the gas exchange valve 12 is closed.
  • the gas exchange valve 12 and thus also the sealing slide 10 follow the cam profile of the camshaft 44.
  • the stop disc 26, which is connected to the sealing slide 10 strikes the control slide 34 (in FIG FIG. 1 shown state). Thereafter, the sealing slide 10 can no longer follow the cam profile of the camshaft 44.
  • the gas exchange valve 12 lifts off from the sealing slide 10 and air can enter the combustion chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ventilmechanismus mit einem variablen Ventilöffnungsquerschnitt mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Merkmalen.The invention relates to a valve mechanism having a variable valve opening cross-section with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Es ist bekannt, als Antriebsmaschine von Kraftfahrzeugen Verbrennungskraftmaschinen einzusetzen. Hierbei wird ein Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemisch in einem Arbeitsraum verdichtet und gezündet. Die hierbei entstehende Energie wird in mechanische Arbeit umgesetzt. Bekannt ist, Luft beziehungsweise das Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemisch dem Arbeitsraum über Ventile zuzuführen (Einlassventile) beziehungsweise die Verbrennungsprodukte über Ventile aus dem Arbeitsraum abzuführen (Auslassventile). Einer Steuerung dieser Ventile kommt für die Bestimmung eines Wirkungsgrades der Verbrennungskraftmaschine eine große Bedeutung zu. Insbesondere wird über die Steuerung der Ventile der Gaswechsel im Arbeitsraum gesteuert.It is known to use internal combustion engines as prime mover of motor vehicles. Here, an air-fuel mixture is compressed in a working space and ignited. The resulting energy is converted into mechanical work. It is known to supply air or the air-fuel mixture to the working space via valves (intake valves) or to discharge the products of combustion via valves from the working space (exhaust valves). A control of these valves is of great importance for the determination of an efficiency of the internal combustion engine. In particular, the control of the valves controls the gas exchange in the working space.

Bekannt ist, neben einer Nockenwellensteuerung auch eine elektrohydraulische Ventilsteuerung einzusetzen.It is known to use in addition to a camshaft control and an electro-hydraulic valve control.

Die elektrohydraulische Ventilsteuerung bietet die Möglichkeit einer variablen oder vollvariablen Ventilsteuerung, so dass eine Optimierung des Gaswechsels und somit eine Steigerung des motorischen Wirkungsgrades der Verbrennungskraftmaschine möglich ist.The electro-hydraulic valve control offers the possibility of a variable or fully variable valve control, so that an optimization of the gas exchange and thus an increase of the engine efficiency of the internal combustion engine is possible.

Die elektrohydraulische Ventilsteuerung umfasst ein hydraulisch betätigbares Steuerventil, dessen Steuerventilkolben einen Ventilkörper der Einlass- beziehungsweise Auslassventile betätigt und gegen einen Ventilsitz (Ventilsitzring) führt (Schließen des Ventils) oder von diesem wegbewegt (Öffnen des Ventils). Über eine Drucksteuerung eines Hydraulikmediums lässt sich das Steuerventil betätigen. Die Drucksteuerung erfolgt hierbei über in den Hydraulikkreislauf eingebundene Magnetventile. Um möglichst optimale Gaswechsel erreichen zu können, sind möglichst hohe Schaltgeschwindigkeiten des Steuerventils erwünscht. Durch diese hohen Schaltgeschwindigkeiten trifft der Ventilkörper der Einlass- beziehungsweise Auslassventile mit hoher Geschwindigkeit auf den Ventilsitzring. Hierdurch ergibt sich einerseits eine Geräuschentwicklung und die Ventilpartner unterliegen einem relativ hohen Verschleiß.The electrohydraulic valve control comprises a hydraulically actuable control valve whose control valve piston actuates a valve body of the intake and exhaust valves and against a valve seat (valve seat ring) leads (closing of the valve) or moved away from this (opening of the valve). Via a pressure control of a hydraulic medium, the control valve can be actuated. The pressure control takes place here via integrated in the hydraulic circuit solenoid valves. In order to achieve the best possible gas exchange, the highest possible switching speeds of the control valve are desired. Due to these high switching speeds, the valve body of the intake or exhaust valves strikes the valve seat ring at high speed. This results in a noise development on the one hand and the valve partners are subject to relatively high wear.

Beispielsweise hat die EP 0 455 761 B1 eine hydraulische Ventilsteuervorrichtung für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine zum Gegenstand. Das technische Grundprinzip dieser Lösung besteht darin, ein Motorventil mittels eines gesteuerten Druckes einer Hydraulikflüssigkeit zu verschieben. Bei dieser Lösung ist vorgesehen, dass ein elektronisches Steuergerät ein Magnetventil ansteuert, das wiederum die Bewegung eines Speicherkolbens steuert, über den der Hub des Motorventils verändert wird.For example, the EP 0 455 761 B1 a hydraulic valve control device for an internal combustion engine to the object. The basic technical principle of this solution is to move a motor valve by means of a controlled pressure of a hydraulic fluid. In this solution is provided that an electronic control unit controls a solenoid valve, which in turn controls the movement of a storage piston, via which the stroke of the engine valve is changed.

Die EP 0 512 698 A1 beschreibt ein einstellbares Ventilsystem für einen Verbrennungsmotor. Diese Lösung stellt ein Beispiel einer mechanischen Ventilsteuerung über Nocken einer rotierenden Nockenwelle dar.The EP 0 512 698 A1 describes an adjustable valve system for an internal combustion engine. This solution represents an example of a mechanical valve control via cams of a rotating camshaft.

Die US 4,777,915 hat ein elektromagnetisches Ventilsteuersystem für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine zum Gegenstand. Eine ähnliche Lösung einer elektromagnetischen Ventilsteuerung ist durch die EP 0 471 614 A1 bekannt. Bei diesen Lösungen wird das Ventil durch elektromagnetische Kraft hin- und hergehend in unterschiedliche Positionen bewegt. Die Elektromagneten sind dabei innerhalb eines Gehäuseteiles des Zylinderkopfes in zwei unterschiedlichen Bereichen angeordnet. Durch das abwechselnde Aktivieren der Elektromagneten wird das Ventil alternativ in zwei Endlagen bewegt, die jeweils der Öffnungs- und der Schließstellung des Ventiles entsprechen. In diesen Endlagen des Ventiles ist die Durchlassöffnung zum Verbrennungsraum des Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemisches dann am weitesten geöffnet oder völlig verschlossen.The US 4,777,915 has an electromagnetic valve control system for an internal combustion engine to the object. A similar solution of electromagnetic valve control is through the EP 0 471 614 A1 known. In these solutions, the valve is moved back and forth in different positions by electromagnetic force. The electromagnets are arranged within a housing part of the cylinder head in two different areas. By alternately activating the electromagnets, the valve is alternatively moved in two end positions, which respectively correspond to the open and closed positions of the valve. In these end positions of the valve, the passage opening to the combustion chamber of the air-fuel mixture is then the most open or completely closed.

Eine weitere Lösung ist aus der EP 0 551 271 B1 bekannt. Bei dieser Lösung handelt es sich um einen Ventilmechanismus mit einem Tellerventil, das in einem Durchgang eines Verbrennungsmotors angeordnet ist. Das Grundprinzip dieser Lösung besteht in einer Zweiteilung des Ventiltellers, wobei die eine Hälfte des Ventiltellers lediglich einen Teilhub der anderen Hälfte des Ventiltellers durchführt.Another solution is from the EP 0 551 271 B1 known. In this solution is a valve mechanism with a poppet valve, which is arranged in a passage of an internal combustion engine. The basic principle of this solution consists in one Two-parting of the valve disk, wherein one half of the valve disk performs only a partial stroke of the other half of the valve disk.

Aus der JP 08189319 A ist weiterhin ein Ventilmechanismus bekannt, bei dem ein hülsenförmiges Drosselelement, das Durchbrüche in Art einer Lochblende aufweist, mit einem einen Dichtsitz aufweisenden Gaswechselventil im freigegebenen Betriebszustand mitbewegt oder in einer zurückgezogenen Betriebsstellung fixiert wird. Wobei ein Ventilöffnungsquerschnitt im freigegebenen Betriebszustand durch die Durchbrüche und im fixierten Betriebszustand zwischen dem Dichtsitz des Gaswechselventils und einem Ventilsitz gebildet wird.From the JP 08189319 A Furthermore, a valve mechanism is known in which a sleeve-shaped throttle element, which has openings in the manner of a pinhole, is moved with a sealing seat having a gas exchange valve in the released operating state or fixed in a retracted operating position. Wherein a valve opening cross-section is formed in the released operating state through the openings and in the fixed operating state between the sealing seat of the gas exchange valve and a valve seat.

Nachteilig bei diesen bekannten Lösungen zur Ventilsteuerung ist insbesondere der hohe Aufwand bei der Fertigung und Montage des Ventilmechanismus aufgrund seines komplizierten Aufbaus. Dieses wirkt sich negativ auf die Kosten der Fertigung und Montage aus. Des Weiteren sind bei diesen Lösungen extrem hohe Geschwindigkeiten und große Kräfte zur Ventilsteuerung erforderlich, so dass eine erhöhte Störanfälligkeit der Ventilsteuerung aufgrund eines starken Verschleißes der Teile des Ventilmechanismus die unvermeidbare Folge ist.A disadvantage of these known solutions for valve control is in particular the high cost in the manufacture and assembly of the valve mechanism due to its complicated structure. This has a negative effect on the costs of production and assembly. Furthermore, these solutions require extremely high speeds and large forces for valve control, so that an increased susceptibility of the valve control due to heavy wear of the parts of the valve mechanism is the inevitable result.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der erfindungsgemäße Ventilmechanismus mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs bietet hingegen den Vorteil, mit einfachen Mitteln einen variablen Ventilöffnungsquerschnitt zu schaffen. Dadurch, dass koaxial zum Gaswechselventil ein Dichtschieber angeordnet ist, der von der Kraft einer Koppelfeder beaufschlagt und durch die Ventilsteuereinheit in axialer Richtung hin- und hergehend verschiebbar ist und sich der Ventilöffnungsquerschnitt zwischen dem Dichtsitz des Gaswechselventils und einem Dichtsitz des Dichtschiebers ergibt, wobei vorzugsweise die Position des Dichtschiebers relativ zum Gaswechselventil in axialer Richtung durch eine Verstelleinheit stufenlos einstellbar ist, wird ein Ventilmechanismus geschaffen, der einen einfachen Aufbau aufweist und sicher und dauerhaft funktioniert. Der Vorteil des erfndungsgemäßen Ventilmechanismus besteht insbesondere darin, dass ein variabler Ventilöffnungsquerschnitt erzeugt werden kann, wobei jedes einzelne Ventil sich separat regeln lässt. Der variable Ventilöffnungsquerschnitt lässt sich mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Ventilmechanismus vorteilhafterweise ohne hohe Geschwindigkeiten und ohne große Kräfte erzeugen, so dass die Störanfälligkeit dieses Ventilmechanismus sehr gering ist. Der erfindungsgemäße Ventilmechanismus kann aufgrund seines einfachen Aufbaus kostengünstig hergestellt und montiert werden. Die Erfindung schafft in vorteilhafter Weise eine variable Ventilsteuerung, durch die eine Optimierung des Gaswechsels und somit eine Steigerung des motorischen Wirkungsgrades der Verbrennungskraftmaschine möglich ist.The valve mechanism according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim, however, offers the advantage of creating a variable valve opening cross-section with simple means. Characterized in that coaxial with the gas exchange valve, a sealing slide is arranged, which is acted upon by the force of a coupling spring and reciprocally displaceable by the valve control unit in the axial direction and the valve opening cross section between the sealing seat of the gas exchange valve and a sealing seat of the sealing slide results, preferably Position of the sealing slide is adjustable relative to the gas exchange valve in the axial direction by an adjustment infinitely adjustable, a valve mechanism is provided which has a simple structure and works safely and permanently. The advantage of the invention Valve mechanism consists in particular that a variable valve opening cross-section can be generated, with each valve can be controlled separately. The variable valve opening cross-section can advantageously be generated with the valve mechanism according to the invention without high speeds and without large forces, so that the susceptibility to failure of this valve mechanism is very low. The valve mechanism according to the invention can be manufactured and assembled inexpensively due to its simple structure. The invention advantageously provides a variable valve control, by which an optimization of the gas exchange and thus an increase in the engine efficiency of the internal combustion engine is possible.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Ventilsteuereinheit eine Nockenwelle ist.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the valve control unit is a camshaft.

In weiterer bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Gaswechselventil einen rotationssymmetrischen Grundaufbau hat und aus einem Ventilschaft besteht, an dessen unterem Ende ein Ventilteller angeordnet ist.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the gas exchange valve has a rotationally symmetrical basic structure and consists of a valve stem, at the lower end of a valve disc is arranged.

Nach weiterer bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Ventilteller eine konische Umfangsfläche aufweist, die den Dichtsitz des Gaswechselventils bildet.According to another preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the valve disk has a conical peripheral surface which forms the sealing seat of the gas exchange valve.

Ferner ist in bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass in Schließstellung des Ventilmechanismus der Dichtsitz des Gaswechselventils jeweils unmittelbar an dem Dichtsitz des Dichtschiebers und an einem Ventilsitzring des Zylinderkopfes anliegt.Furthermore, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the invention that in the closed position of the valve mechanism, the sealing seat of the gas exchange valve in each case bears directly against the sealing seat of the sealing slide and on a valve seat ring of the cylinder head.

Darüber hinaus ist bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der Dichtschieber aus einem buchsenförmigen Lager körper besteht, der innerhalb einer Führung des Zylinderkopfes axial hin- und hergehend verschiebbar angeordnet ist.In addition, a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the sealing slide consists of a bush-shaped bearing body, which is arranged axially reciprocally displaceable within a guide of the cylinder head.

Durch diese vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung kann die Zufuhr des Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemisches mit einer großen Genauigkeit geregelt und damit ein hoher Wirkungsgrad der Verbrennungskraftmaschine erreicht werden.These advantageous embodiments of the invention, the supply of the air-fuel mixture can be controlled with great accuracy and thus a high efficiency of the internal combustion engine can be achieved.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den in den Unteransprüchen genannten Merkmalen.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the features mentioned in the dependent claims.

Zeichnungendrawings

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Schnitt durch einen Zylinderkopf mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Ventilmechanismus und
Figur 2
eine Perspektivansicht eines Dichtschiebers des erfindungsgemäßen Ventilmechanismus.
The invention will be explained in more detail in an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
a section through a cylinder head with the valve mechanism according to the invention and
FIG. 2
a perspective view of a sealing slide of the valve mechanism according to the invention.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

In den beiden Figuren sind die einzelnen Teile des erfindungsgemäßen Ventilmechanismus schematisch und nur mit den für die Erfindung wesentlichen Bestandteilen dargestellt. Gleiche Teile des erfindungsgemäßen Ventilmechanismus sind in den Figuren mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen und werden in der Regel jeweils nur einmal beschrieben.In the two figures, the individual parts of the valve mechanism according to the invention are shown schematically and only with the essential components of the invention. Identical parts of the valve mechanism according to the invention are provided in the figures with the same reference numerals and are generally described only once in each case.

In Figur 1 ist der erfindungsgemäße Ventilmechanismus in seiner Anordnung im Zylinderkopf 18 eines Verbrennungsmotors dargestellt. Der Ventilmechanismus weist ein Gaswechselventil 12 auf, das von der Kraft einer Ventilfeder 16 beaufschlagt ist. Das Gaswechselventil 12 ist innerhalb einer Führung axial hin- und hergehend verschiebbar, wobei die Verschiebebewegung durch eine Ventilsteuereinheit erzeugt wird. In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist als Ventilsteuereinheit eine Nockenwelle (nicht dargestellt) vorgesehen.In FIG. 1 the valve mechanism according to the invention is shown in its arrangement in the cylinder head 18 of an internal combustion engine. The valve mechanism has a gas exchange valve 12, which is acted upon by the force of a valve spring 16. The gas exchange valve 12 is axially reciprocally displaceable within a guide, wherein the displacement movement is generated by a valve control unit. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a camshaft (not shown) is provided as the valve control unit.

Das Gaswechselventil 12 hat einen rotationssymmetrischen Grundaufbau und besteht aus einem Ventilschaft 14, an dessen unterem Ende ein Ventilteller 20 angeordnet ist. Die Figur 1 zeigt den Ventilmechanismus in der Schließstellung des Gaswechselventils 12. Dabei liegt der Dichtsitz 28 des Gaswechselventils 12 jeweils unmittelbar an einem Dichtsitz 30 des Dichtschiebers 10 und an einem Ventilsitzring 22 des Zylinderkopfes 18 an.The gas exchange valve 12 has a rotationally symmetrical basic structure and consists of a valve stem 14, at whose lower end a valve plate 20 is arranged. The FIG. 1 shows the valve mechanism in the closed position of the gas exchange valve 12. In this case, the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 is in each case directly to a sealing seat 30 of the sealing slide 10 and to a valve seat ring 22 of the cylinder head 18 at.

Aufbau und Wirkungsweise von Gaswechselventilen 12 an sich sind allgemein bekannt, so dass hierauf im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung nicht näher eingegangen werden soll.Structure and operation of gas exchange valves 12 per se are well known, so that it should not be discussed further in the context of the present description.

Die Erfindung sieht vor, dass koaxial zum Gaswechselventil 12 ein Dichtschieber 10 angeordnet ist. Der Dichtschieber 10 ist von der Kraft einer Koppelfeder 24 beaufschlagt und axial hin- und hergehend verschiebbar. Die Verschiebebewegung des Dichtschiebers 10 wird ebenfalls durch die Nockenwelle (nicht dargestellt), von der die Verschiebebewegung des Gaswechselventils 12 gesteuert wird, erzeugt.The invention provides that coaxial with the gas exchange valve 12, a sealing slide 10 is arranged. The sealing slide 10 is acted upon by the force of a coupling spring 24 and axially displaceable back and forth. The sliding movement of the sealing slide 10 is also generated by the camshaft (not shown), from which the sliding movement of the gas exchange valve 12 is controlled.

In Figur 2 i.st der Dichtschieber 10 schematisch in einer Perspektivansicht dargestellt. Der Dichtschieber 10 besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem Lagerkörper 40 und einem Dichtkörper 38. Der Lagerkörper 40 des Dichtschiebers 10 ist buchsenförmig ausgebildet und innerhalb einer Führung des Zylinderkopfes 18 axial hin- und hergehend verschiebbar angeordnet. Am unteren Ende weist der Dichtschieber 10 einen zylinderförmigen Dichtkörper 38 auf, dessen Außenfläche den Dichtsitz 30 bildet. Der Dichtkörper 38 ist mit dem Lagerkörper 40 über Verbindungsstangen 42 verbunden.In FIG. 2 i.st the sealing slide 10 schematically shown in a perspective view. The sealing slide 10 consists essentially of a bearing body 40 and a sealing body 38. The bearing body 40 of the sealing slide 10 is formed sleeve-shaped and axially displaceable within a guide of the cylinder head 18 back and forth. At the lower end, the sealing slide 10 has a cylindrical sealing body 38, the outer surface of which forms the sealing seat 30. The sealing body 38 is connected to the bearing body 40 via connecting rods 42.

Am Lagerkörper 40 ist nahe seinem oberen Ende eine Anschlagscheibe 26 befestigt. Zur Erleichterung der Montage besteht diese Anschlagscheibe 26 aus zwei Teilen. Die beiden Teile der Anschlagscheibe 26 sind von einem Spannring 36 umgeben, durch den sie zusammengehalten werden.On the bearing body 40, a stop plate 26 is attached near its upper end. To facilitate assembly, this stop plate 26 consists of two parts. The two parts of the stop plate 26 are surrounded by a clamping ring 36, by which they are held together.

Die Verbindung zwischen dem Dichtkörper 38 und dem Lagerkörper 40 ist so ausgelegt, dass ausreichend Raum für die durchströmende Luft beziehungsweise für das Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemisch bleibt. Sowohl für den Einlass als auch für den Auslass der Luft beziehungsweise des Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemisches ist dadurch in vorteilhafter Weise innerhalb des Dichtschiebers 10 eine ausreichend große Durchlassöffnung zum ungehinderten Durchströmen dieses Mediums vorhanden.The connection between the sealing body 38 and the bearing body 40 is designed so that sufficient space for the air flowing through or for the air-fuel mixture remains. Both for the inlet and for the outlet of the air or the air-fuel mixture is thereby advantageously within the sealing slide 10, a sufficiently large passage opening for unimpeded flow through this medium available.

Der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Ventilmechanismus zeigt folgende Funktion:The in the FIGS. 1 and 2 valve mechanism shown has the following function:

Durch die Ventilsteuereinheit, die in bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung eine Nockenwelle (nicht dargestellt) ist, kann das Gaswechselventil 12 entweder geöffnet oder geschlossen werden. Das Gaswechselventil 12 wird wie bei einem herkömmlichen Ventiltrieb über die Nockenwelle am Ventilschaft 14 nach unten gedrückt und dabei der Bewegungsverlauf des Gaswechselventils 12 gesteuert. Hierfür sind alle bekannten Verfahren, die auf den technischen Prinzipien des Tassenstößels, Kipphebels, Schlepphebels und dergleichen basieren, anwendbar.By the valve control unit, which is in a preferred embodiment of the invention, a camshaft (not shown), the gas exchange valve 12 can be either opened or closed. The gas exchange valve 12 is pressed as in a conventional valve train via the camshaft on the valve stem 14 down and thereby controlled the course of movement of the gas exchange valve 12. For this purpose, all known methods based on the technical principles of the bucket tappet, rocker arm, rocker arm and the like, applicable.

Die Nockenwelle 44 arbeitet gegen die Rückstellkraft der Ventilfeder 16, die sich am Zylinderkopf 18 und am Ventilteller 20, der sich mit dem Gaswechselventil 12 mitbewegt, abstützt. Durch Drehung der Nockenwelle 44 wird das Gaswechselventil 12 nach unten gedrückt, und der Dichtsitz 28 des Gaswechselventils 12 hebt vom Ventilsitzring 22 ab.The camshaft 44 operates against the restoring force of the valve spring 16, which is supported on the cylinder head 18 and the valve plate 20, which moves with the gas exchange valve 12. By turning the camshaft 44, the gas exchange valve 12 is pressed down, and the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 lifts from the valve seat ring 22 from.

Über die Koppelfeder 24, die unter einer bestimmten Vorspannung steht, wird der Dichtschieber 10 mitbewegt. Die Koppelfeder 24 stützt sich am Ventilteller 20 und an der Anschlagscheibe 26, die mit dem Dichtschieber 10 verbunden ist, ab. Hierdurch wird der Dichtsitz 30 des Dichtschiebers 10 auf den Dichtsitz 28 des Gaswechselventils 12 gedrückt. Da zwischen dem Dichtkörper 38 und dem Ventilsitzring 22 eine Ringspaltdichtung besteht, kann nur eine sehr geringe Luftmenge (Leckage) in den Brennraum 32 gelangen.About the coupling spring 24, which is under a certain bias, the sealing slide 10 is moved. The coupling spring 24 is supported on the valve plate 20 and on the stop plate 26 which is connected to the sealing slide 10 from. As a result, the sealing seat 30 of the sealing slide 10 is pressed onto the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12. Since there is an annular gap seal between the sealing body 38 and the valve seat ring 22, only a very small amount of air (leakage) can enter the combustion chamber 32.

Das Gaswechselventil 12 und damit auch der Dichtschieber 10 folgen dem Nockenverlauf, bis die Anschlagscheibe 26 auf den Regelschieber 34 auftrifft.The gas exchange valve 12 and thus also the sealing slide 10 follow the cam profile until the stop plate 26 impinges on the control slide 34.

Der Regelschieber 34 ist in axialer Richtung des Ventilschaftes 14 in seiner Ausgangsposition relativ zum Gaswechselventil 12 verstellbar. Die Verstellung kann elektrisch, hydraulisch oder auch pneumatisch erfolgen. Der Regelschieber 34 kann nur über eine entsprechende Verstelleinheit (nicht dargestellt) verstellt werden. Ansonsten bleibt die Position des Regelschiebers 34 innerhalb des Ventilmechanismus fix, auch wenn von außen Kräfte auf ihn einwirken. Die Verstelleinheiten können jeweils elektrisch, hydraulisch oder auch pneumatisch betätigbar sein.The control slide 34 is adjustable in the axial direction of the valve stem 14 in its initial position relative to the gas exchange valve 12. The adjustment can be done electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically. The control slide 34 can only be adjusted via a corresponding adjusting unit (not shown). Otherwise, the position of the control slide 34 remains fixed within the valve mechanism, even if external forces act on it. The adjustment units can each be electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated.

Sobald die Anschlagscheibe 26 auf den Regelschieber 34 auftrifft, kann der Dichtschieber 10 keine Bewegung in Öffnungsrichtung des Gaswechselventils 12 mehr durchführen. Da das Gaswechselventil 12 durch die Nockenwelle weiter bewegt wird, hebt der Dichtsitz 28 des Gaswechselventils 12 vom Dichtsitz 30 des Dichtschiebers 10 ab, wobei Luft in den Brennraum 32 eindringen kann. Die Koppelfeder 24 wird dabei zusammengedrückt.As soon as the stop disc 26 impinges on the control slide 34, the sealing slide 10 can no longer perform any movement in the opening direction of the gas exchange valve 12. Since the gas exchange valve 12 is further moved by the camshaft, the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 lifts off from the sealing seat 30 of the sealing slide 10, wherein air can penetrate into the combustion chamber 32. The coupling spring 24 is compressed.

Folgt das Gaswechselventil 12 der Schließflanke der Nockenwelle, wird es durch die Ventilfeder 16 in Schließrichtung gedrückt. Der Dichtsitz 28 des Gaswechselventils 12 legt sich am Dichtsitz 30 des Dichtschiebers 10 an. Der Dichtschieber 10 wird mitgenommen, bis der Dichtsitz 28 des Gaswechselventils 12 am Ventilsitzring 22 anliegt und das Gaswechselventil 12 geschlossen ist.If the gas exchange valve 12 follows the closing edge of the camshaft, it is pressed by the valve spring 16 in the closing direction. The sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 applies to the sealing seat 30 of the sealing slide 10. The sealing slide 10 is taken until the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 rests against the valve seat ring 22 and the gas exchange valve 12 is closed.

Das Gaswechselventil 12 und somit auch der Dichtschieber 10 folgen dem Nockenverlauf der Nockenwelle 44. Zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt trifft die Anschlagscheibe 26, die mit dem Dichtschieber 10 verbunden ist, auf den Regelschieber 34 (in Figur 1 dargestellter Zustand). Danach kann der Dichtschieber 10 dem Nockenverlauf der Nockenwelle 44 nicht mehr folgen. Das Gaswechselventil 12 hebt vom Dichtschieber 10 ab und Luft kann in den Brennraum gelangen.The gas exchange valve 12 and thus also the sealing slide 10 follow the cam profile of the camshaft 44. At a certain point in time, the stop disc 26, which is connected to the sealing slide 10, strikes the control slide 34 (in FIG FIG. 1 shown state). Thereafter, the sealing slide 10 can no longer follow the cam profile of the camshaft 44. The gas exchange valve 12 lifts off from the sealing slide 10 and air can enter the combustion chamber.

Durch axiales Verschieben der Position des Regelschiebers 34 über eine Verstelleinheit (nicht dargestellt) kann eingestellt werden, wann sich der Dichtsitz 28 des Gaswechselventils 12 vom Dichtsitz 30 des Dichtschiebers 10 abhebt. Auf diese vorteilhafte Weise lässt sich der Öffnungsquerschnitt des Gaswechselventils 12 und somit auch die Menge der in den Brennraum 32 gelangenden Luft regeln.By axial displacement of the position of the control slide 34 via an adjusting unit (not shown) can be adjusted when the sealing seat 28 of the gas exchange valve 12 lifts off from the sealing seat 30 of the sealing slide 10. In this advantageous manner, the opening cross-section of the gas exchange valve 12 and thus also regulate the amount of air reaching into the combustion chamber 32.

Claims (13)

  1. Valve mechanism comprising a variable cross-section of a valve opening, wherein the valve mechanism is arranged on a passage opening in an internal combustion engine and has a gas exchange valve with a sealing seat on which the force of a valve spring acts, and which can be slid to and fro in the axial direction within a guide by means of a valve control unit, characterized in that a sealing slide (10) on which the force of a coupling spring (24) acts and which can be slid to and fro in the axial direction by means of the valve control unit is arranged coaxially with respect to the gas exchange valve (12), and the cross-section of the valve opening is produced between the sealing seat (28) of the gas exchange valve (12) and a sealing seat (30) of the sealing slide (10).
  2. Valve mechanism according to Claim 1, characterized in that the position of the sealing slide (10) can be adjusted infinitely.
  3. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve control unit is preferably a cam shaft.
  4. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas exchange valve (12) has a rotationally symmetrical basic structure and is composed of a valve stem (14) at whose lower end a valve plate (20) is arranged.
  5. Valve mechanism according to Claim 4, characterized in that the valve plate (20) has a conical circumferential surface which forms the sealing seat (28) of the gas exchange valve (12).
  6. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the closing position of the valve mechanism, the sealing seat (28) of the gas exchange valve (12) bears in each case directly on the sealing seat (30) of the sealing slide (10) and on a valve seat ring (22) of the cylinder head (18).
  7. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing slide (10) is composed of a bearing body (40) which is in the form of a bushing and which is arranged so that it can be slid to and fro axially within a guide of the cylinder head (18).
  8. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing body (40), in the form of a bushing, of the sealing slide (10) forms the guide of the gas exchange valve (12), within which guide the gas exchange valve (12) can be slid to and fro axially.
  9. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing slide (10) has a sealing body (38) in the form of a cylinder at its lower end, the external surface of which sealing body (38) forms the sealing seat (30).
  10. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing body (38) is connected to the bearing body (40) by means of connecting rods (42).
  11. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a stop plate (26) is attached to the bearing body (40) of the sealing slide, near to the upper end of said bearing body (40).
  12. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stop plate (26) is composed of two parts.
  13. Valve mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two parts of the stop plate (26) are surrounded by a clamping ring (36).
EP02737829A 2001-08-21 2002-05-03 Valve mechanism comprising a variable cross-section of a valve opening Expired - Lifetime EP1421262B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10140941 2001-08-21
DE10140941A DE10140941A1 (en) 2001-08-21 2001-08-21 Valve mechanism with a variable valve opening cross section
PCT/DE2002/001602 WO2003018967A1 (en) 2001-08-21 2002-05-03 Valve mechanism comprising a variable cross-section of a valve opening

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1421262A1 EP1421262A1 (en) 2004-05-26
EP1421262B1 true EP1421262B1 (en) 2008-05-28

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EP02737829A Expired - Lifetime EP1421262B1 (en) 2001-08-21 2002-05-03 Valve mechanism comprising a variable cross-section of a valve opening

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US (1) US6886513B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1421262B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005500462A (en)
KR (1) KR20040030159A (en)
DE (2) DE10140941A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003018967A1 (en)

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US7533641B1 (en) * 2006-04-17 2009-05-19 Jason Stewart Jackson Poppet valve and engine using same
US7311068B2 (en) 2006-04-17 2007-12-25 Jason Stewart Jackson Poppet valve and engine using same
KR200458050Y1 (en) * 2009-11-26 2012-01-18 주식회사 에스앤에스패널 Gypsum board composite panel
EP3464842B1 (en) 2016-06-02 2020-07-15 Volvo Truck Corporation Valve arrangement and valve guide
CN108060951B (en) * 2017-11-29 2020-01-10 大连理工大学 Variable-mode continuously variable valve mechanism
CN108049931B (en) * 2017-11-29 2020-01-10 大连理工大学 Variable-mode continuously variable valve mechanism

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US3881459A (en) * 1974-02-28 1975-05-06 Werner Gaetcke Inlet valve for internal combustion engine and method for supplying fuel thereto
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JPS57200609A (en) * 1981-06-04 1982-12-08 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Suction and exhaust valve mechanism of internal combustion engine
JPS5835211A (en) * 1981-08-25 1983-03-01 Mazda Motor Corp Air intake device in engine
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JPH08189319A (en) * 1994-12-28 1996-07-23 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Valve system for engine

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JP2005500462A (en) 2005-01-06
DE10140941A1 (en) 2003-03-20
US6886513B2 (en) 2005-05-03
KR20040030159A (en) 2004-04-08
EP1421262A1 (en) 2004-05-26
DE50212326D1 (en) 2008-07-10
WO2003018967A1 (en) 2003-03-06
US20040050354A1 (en) 2004-03-18

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