EP1418152B1 - Vehicle, especially construction machine - Google Patents

Vehicle, especially construction machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1418152B1
EP1418152B1 EP03019082A EP03019082A EP1418152B1 EP 1418152 B1 EP1418152 B1 EP 1418152B1 EP 03019082 A EP03019082 A EP 03019082A EP 03019082 A EP03019082 A EP 03019082A EP 1418152 B1 EP1418152 B1 EP 1418152B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
undercarriage
clamping element
upper carriage
vehicle according
vehicle
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03019082A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1418152A1 (en
Inventor
Leonard Dipl.-Ing. Weixler
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Bauer Maschinen GmbH
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Bauer Maschinen GmbH
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Publication of EP1418152A1 publication Critical patent/EP1418152A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/88—Safety gear
    • B66C23/94—Safety gear for limiting slewing movements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/10—Supports for movable superstructures mounted on travelling or walking gears or on other superstructures
    • E02F9/12—Slewing or traversing gears
    • E02F9/121—Turntables, i.e. structure rotatable about 360°
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/10—Supports for movable superstructures mounted on travelling or walking gears or on other superstructures
    • E02F9/12—Slewing or traversing gears
    • E02F9/121—Turntables, i.e. structure rotatable about 360°
    • E02F9/125—Locking devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular an earth-moving machine according to the preamble of claim 1, inter alia, with an undercarriage and an upper carriage mounted thereon rotatable about an axis of rotation, a drive means for rotating the upper carriage relative to the undercarriage and a locking device for determining a relative position of the upper carriage undercarriage.
  • Such a vehicle which in the DE 198 13 521 A1 is therefore described, in addition to the drive means comprises a locking device for determining the position of the upper carriage relative to the position of the undercarriage.
  • the in the DE 198 13 521 A1 Locking device described is based on a turntable with a toothing, in which engages a brake pad and so produces a positive connection between the superstructure and the undercarriage.
  • the known locking device allows a very effective fixation of the relative position of the upper carriage to Undercarriage.
  • a speed monitoring device is additionally necessary, which can only retract the brake pad in the turntable, when the rotational movement of the upper carriage has come to a safe stop.
  • the JP-A-07048859 discloses a crane vehicle with an undercarriage and a relatively rotatable superstructure. To brake a movement between the uppercarriage and the lowercarriage, a disk-shaped or cylindrical surface can be provided according to this document, on which two retaining elements can be brought into abutment.
  • JP-A-09142787 of the JP-A-58024627 as well as the DE-A-1 904 954 known.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a vehicle with a simple and at the same time effective and reliable locking device for determining the relative position of the superstructure to the undercarriage.
  • a vehicle with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.
  • a holding surface is formed concentric to the axis of rotation, at least one clamping element on the undercarriage or on the uppercarriage is adjustably arranged and for force-locking connection of the upper carriage with the lower carriage an actuator is provided by which the clamping element is movable relative to the holding surface.
  • a basic idea of the invention is that the clamping element is spaced apart from the holding surface during the intended turning of the upper carriage relative to the lower carriage by means of the drive device.
  • the clamping element with the holding surface in connection brought and thereby made a non-rotatable connection between the superstructure and the undercarriage due to the static friction forces between the clamping element and the support surface, so that an undesired rotation of the upper carriage against the undercarriage is effectively prevented. Since no ring gear for the locking device is required, a stepless locking can be done with a simplified design.
  • the clamping element In principle, it is possible to arrange the clamping element on the undercarriage and the holding surface on the superstructure.
  • the energy supply of a generic vehicle is generally located in the superstructure, there is a particularly easy to manufacture and therefore preferred embodiment is that the clamping element on the upper carriage and the support surface is arranged on the undercarriage.
  • this embodiment allows short cable paths between adjusting elements and energy supply.
  • the support surface formed concentrically to the axis of rotation could basically be formed as a surface of a plurality of geometric bodies.
  • the holding surface could be formed on a conical, disc-shaped or annular wall, which may also have spokes or recesses.
  • the holding surface is formed on a cylindrical wall. This allows a particularly simple structural design with a high strength of the wall when pressing the clamping element. If the cylindrical wall is arranged on the undercarriage, then it can in particular also engage through a recess in the uppercarriage. On the other hand, if the wall is arranged on the uppercarriage, then it can intervene in particular in the lowercarriage.
  • the movement of the clamping element according to the invention relative to the holding surface can be carried out by a movement of the clamping element, the holding surface or both.
  • a particularly economical embodiment is achieved in that only the clamping element is movable.
  • two clamping elements are arranged opposite each other and on both sides of a wall with two retaining surfaces and that preferably the opposite clamping elements by the actuator at the same time against the retaining surfaces are pressed.
  • a plurality of walls may be provided with retaining surfaces arranged thereon.
  • a coaxially arranged stack of disk-shaped walls is conceivable, wherein each wall is assigned one or more clamping elements.
  • a force symmetrical particularly favorable arrangement is achieved in that three or more pairs of clamping elements are distributed on the wall with the concentric support surfaces. As a result, deformations and unwanted distortions of the wall during operation of Erdbaumwerkmaschines are largely prevented.
  • the clamping element pairs are arranged equidistantly along the wall. If there are three pairs of clamping elements, the angle enclosed by two adjacent pairs of clamping elements on the axis of rotation is 120 °.
  • the frictional connection of the upper carriage with the undercarriage can be improved in that the clamping element has a friction lining on its surface which is in contact with the holding surface.
  • This friction lining should preferably have a high coefficient of static friction and may also be provided with a roughened, wear-resistant surface, so that it can also participate in a certain braking of the rotational movement.
  • the holding surface formed concentric with the axis of rotation may have a friction lining.
  • the actuator for pressing the clamping element to the support surface may comprise electromagnetic, mechanical, pneumatic or other drive means. Particularly high pressure forces and thus a particularly efficient frictional connection of the superstructure with the undercarriage, however, can be achieved in a preferred embodiment in that the actuator has a hydraulic actuating cylinder.
  • the actuator can be controlled by a control device so that the clamping element is pressed against the retaining surfaces only after completion of the rotational movement of the upper carriage.
  • the control can also be such that the clamping element supports the stopping of the rotational movement of the upper carriage. The clamping element remains in the locking position until a further pivoting of the upper carriage takes place.
  • the clamping element is slidably mounted and prestressed by a spring tensioning device, wherein the spring tensioning means presses the clamping element for locking the upper carriage against the support surface, and that moves to release the upper carriage of the actuator, the clamping element against the bias of the spring tensioning device.
  • the actuator When the actuator is switched off when at rest or in the event of an energy interruption, the superstructure is always fixed.
  • the actuator can be coupled to the rotary drive of the upper carriage such that activated at a desired pivotal movement of the upper carriage of the actuator and so the superstructure is released.
  • the actuator is deactivated, so that the pivot position achieved by the spring-loaded locking device is fixed.
  • the locking device can be arranged according to the invention so that the relative movement of the clamping element to the support surface during pressing and when removing the clamping element in a direction which is approximately perpendicular to the support surface, takes place.
  • a particularly robust construction of the invention is characterized achieves that a Keilschiebermechanismus is provided for pressing the clamping member to the support surface.
  • a first wedge may be provided with a first wedge surface on a piston rod of an actuating cylinder, which has an angle to a longitudinal axis of the printing cylinder. The first wedge surface slidably abuts a second wedge surface of a second wedge which is formed on the clamping element.
  • a particularly robust construction can also be achieved in a preferred embodiment by providing a toggle mechanism for pressing the clamping element against the holding surface.
  • a vehicle 10 according to the invention shown as a carriage of an earth-moving machine, is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the vehicle 10 comprises a superstructure 1 and an undercarriage 2, which are rotatably supported relative to one another about an axis 47 about a rotation axis 5.
  • the uppercarriage 1 comprises a driver's cab 41 and a housing 42 for control, cooling and power supply modules and for counterweights.
  • On the undercarriage 2 is designated in its entirety by 43 Chassis provided which has caterpillars 44.
  • a cylindrical wall 31 is arranged on the undercarriage 2 is rotationally fixed and concentric with the axis of rotation 5.
  • the crown of the drum-shaped wall 31 protrudes up to the superstructure 1.
  • the foot of the wall 31 is welded to a support frame of the undercarriage 2.
  • a locking device 20 is formed on the uppercarriage 1, which is shown in Fig. 2 in the locked position.
  • the locking device 20 comprises an outer clamping element 21 for abutment with an outer retaining surface 23 and an inner clamping element 22 for abutment with an inner retaining surface 24.
  • the retaining surfaces 23 and 24 are formed by the peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical wall 31.
  • Both clamping elements 21, 23 are mounted radially displaceable to the axis of rotation via adjusting jaws 25 and 26 on the superstructure 1.
  • the application of the clamping elements 21, 22 to the support surfaces 23, 24 by means of an actuator 28, which moves the adjusting jaws 25, 26 against each other and presses against the wall 31.
  • the clamping elements 21, 22 are releasably attached, which each have a friction lining 29, 30 on its contact side.
  • a pair of clamping elements 21, 22 is provided on both sides of a wall 31, of which only the inner clamping element 22 will be described in more detail below.
  • a friction pad 30 is mounted on the side facing the wall 31, which is wear-resistant and ensures a good positive connection.
  • the plate 33 is fixedly connected to its rear side with a sliding sleeve 34 which is mounted on a cylindrical pin 35 slidably.
  • the sliding sleeve 34 On its inner side, the sliding sleeve 34 has an annular recess in which a ring-shaped disk spring package is arranged as a spring tensioning device 36. This relies on the one hand against a shoulder of the sliding sleeve 34 and on the other hand from a flange on the bolt 35, and thus presses the friction pad 30 radially against the wall 31st
  • the plate 33 is pulled away with the friction pad 30 against the bias of the spring tensioning device 36 of the wall 31.
  • the actuator is activated when the rotary motor for Vorschwenken the upper carriage in operation.
  • you turn off the rotary drive and the actuator is turned off, so that the spring tensioning device 36, the plate 23 with the friction pad 30 immediately presses against the wall 31, so as to establish a positive connection for fixing the pivot position of the upper carriage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The excavator vehicle (10) has an undercarriage (2) with a superstructure mounted on a vertical rotary axis (5) and driven for rotation. The superstructure has a lock (20) to retain it in a selected angular position with respect to the undercarriage. There is a clamp (21) to prevent unwanted rotation of the superstructure by pressure on a holding face.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere eine Erdbaumaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, unter anderem mit einem Unterwagen und einem hierauf drehbar um eine Drehachse gelagerten Oberwagen, einer Antriebseinrichtung zum Drehen des Oberwagens relativ zum Unterwagen und einer Feststelleinrichtung zum Festlegen einer Relativposition des Oberwagens zum Unterwagen.The invention relates to a vehicle, in particular an earth-moving machine according to the preamble of claim 1, inter alia, with an undercarriage and an upper carriage mounted thereon rotatable about an axis of rotation, a drive means for rotating the upper carriage relative to the undercarriage and a locking device for determining a relative position of the upper carriage undercarriage.

Es sind Fahrzeuge, wie beispielsweise Bagger oder Erdbohrer, bekannt, bei denen der Oberwagen mitsamt einem hieran ausgebildeten Erdbauwerkzeug zum Verändern einer Betriebsposition mittels der Antriebseinrichtung relativ zum feststehenden Unterwagen verschwenkt werden kann. Beim Betrieb des Erdbauwerkzeugs, z.B. beim Bohren, in der Betriebsposition können relativ große Drehmomente entstehen, die auf den Oberwagen einwirken. Diese Drehmomente können die Haltemomente der Antriebseinrichtung überwinden und so zu einer unerwünschten Verdrehung des Oberwagens gegen den Unterwagen führen, was eine erhebliche Beeinträchtigung des Betriebs darstellt.There are vehicles, such as excavators or augers, known in which the superstructure can be pivoted together with a Erdbauwerkzeug formed thereon for changing an operating position by means of the drive means relative to the fixed undercarriage. In operation of the earthmoving tool, e.g. when drilling, in the operating position relatively large torques can arise, which act on the superstructure. These torques can overcome the holding moments of the drive device and thus lead to an undesirable rotation of the superstructure against the undercarriage, which represents a significant impairment of the operation.

Ein solches Fahrzeug, welches in der DE 198 13 521 A1 beschrieben wird, umfasst daher neben der Antriebseinrichtung eine Feststelleinrichtung zum Festlegen der Position des Oberwagens gegenüber der Position des Unterwagens. Die in der DE 198 13 521 A1 beschriebene Feststelleinrichtung basiert auf einem Drehkranz mit einer Verzahnung, in welche ein Bremsklotz eingreift und so eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Oberwagen und dem Unterwagen herstellt.Such a vehicle, which in the DE 198 13 521 A1 is therefore described, in addition to the drive means comprises a locking device for determining the position of the upper carriage relative to the position of the undercarriage. The in the DE 198 13 521 A1 Locking device described is based on a turntable with a toothing, in which engages a brake pad and so produces a positive connection between the superstructure and the undercarriage.

Die bekannte Feststelleinrichtung ermöglicht eine sehr wirkungsvolle Fixierung der Relativposition des Oberwagens zum Unterwagen. Zum Verhindern eines Bruches der Verzahnung des Drehkranzes ist zusätzlich eine Drehzahlüberwachungseinrichtung notwendig, die den Bremsklotz nur dann in den Drehkranz einfahren lässt, wenn die Drehbewegung des Oberwagens sicher zum Stillstand gekommen ist.The known locking device allows a very effective fixation of the relative position of the upper carriage to Undercarriage. To prevent breakage of the teeth of the turntable, a speed monitoring device is additionally necessary, which can only retract the brake pad in the turntable, when the rotational movement of the upper carriage has come to a safe stop.

Aus der DE 199 20 867 A1 sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Abbremsen eines drehbaren Oberwagens einer Arbeitsmaschine bekannt. Hierbei ist vorgesehen, dass die mittels der Antriebseinrichtung gewollt hervorgerufene Drehbewegung des Oberwagens durch Gegensteuern der Antriebseinrichtung automatisch abgebremst wird, wenn der Oberwagen die Betriebsposition erreicht hat. Dieses Verfahren ist jedoch zum Ausgleich der während des Betriebs des Erdbauwerkzeugs im Allgemeinen unvermittelt auftretenden, sehr hohen Drehmomente nur bedingt geeignet. Weiterhin ist eine sehr komplexe Schaltlogik notwendig, die unter anderem ebenfalls eine Drehzahlüberwachung notwendig macht.From the DE 199 20 867 A1 For example, a method and apparatus for decelerating a rotatable upper carriage of a work machine are known. It is provided that the intentionally caused by the drive means rotational movement of the upper carriage is automatically braked by countermeasures of the drive means when the uppercarriage has reached the operating position. However, this method is only of limited suitability to compensate for the very high torques which generally occur abruptly during operation of the earthworking tool. Furthermore, a very complex switching logic is necessary, which also makes a speed monitoring necessary, among other things.

Die JP-A-07048859 offenbart ein Kranfahrzeug mit einem Unterwagen und einem relativ hierzu drehbaren Oberwagen. Zum Bremsen einer Bewegung zwischen Oberwagen und Unterwagen kann nach dieser Druckschrift eine scheibenförmige oder eine zylindrische Oberfläche vorgesehen sein, an der zwei Halteelemente zur Anlage gebracht werden können.The JP-A-07048859 discloses a crane vehicle with an undercarriage and a relatively rotatable superstructure. To brake a movement between the uppercarriage and the lowercarriage, a disk-shaped or cylindrical surface can be provided according to this document, on which two retaining elements can be brought into abutment.

Weitere Baugeräte mit verschiedenartigen Bremseinrichtungen sind aus der JP-A-09142787 , der JP-A-58024627 sowie der DE-A-1 904 954 bekannt.Other construction equipment with various braking devices are from JP-A-09142787 , of the JP-A-58024627 as well as the DE-A-1 904 954 known.

Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Fahrzeug mit einer einfachen und zugleich effektiven und zuverlässigen Feststelleinrichtung zum Festlegen der Relativposition des Oberwagens zum Unterwagen zu schaffen.An object of the invention is to provide a vehicle with a simple and at the same time effective and reliable locking device for determining the relative position of the superstructure to the undercarriage.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Fahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeug ist vorgesehen, dass an dem Oberwagen oder dem Unterwagen eine Haltefläche konzentrisch zur Drehachse ausgebildet ist, mindestens ein Klemmelement an dem Unterwagen bzw. an dem Oberwagen verstellbar angeordnet ist und zum kraftschlüssigen Verbinden des Oberwagens mit dem Unterwagen ein Stellantrieb vorgesehen ist, durch welchen das Klemmelement relativ zur Haltefläche bewegbar ist.The object is achieved by a vehicle with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims. In the vehicle according to the invention it is provided that on the uppercarriage or undercarriage, a holding surface is formed concentric to the axis of rotation, at least one clamping element on the undercarriage or on the uppercarriage is adjustably arranged and for force-locking connection of the upper carriage with the lower carriage an actuator is provided by which the clamping element is movable relative to the holding surface.

Ein Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist, dass das Klemmelement während des gewollten Drehen des Oberwagens relativ zum Unterwagen mittels der Antriebseinrichtung von der Haltefläche beabstandet ist. In der Betriebsposition des Fahrzeuges hingegen wird das Klemmelement mit der Haltefläche in Verbindung gebracht und dadurch aufgrund der Haftreibungskräfte zwischen Klemmelement und Haltefläche eine drehfeste Verbindung zwischen dem Oberwagen und dem Unterwagen hergestellt, so dass eine unerwünschte Verdrehung des Oberwagens gegen den Unterwagen wirksam verhindert wird. Da kein Zahnkranz für die Feststelleinrichtung benötigt wird, kann ein stufenloses Feststellen bei einer vereinfachten Konstruktion erfolgen.A basic idea of the invention is that the clamping element is spaced apart from the holding surface during the intended turning of the upper carriage relative to the lower carriage by means of the drive device. In contrast, in the operating position of the vehicle, the clamping element with the holding surface in connection brought and thereby made a non-rotatable connection between the superstructure and the undercarriage due to the static friction forces between the clamping element and the support surface, so that an undesired rotation of the upper carriage against the undercarriage is effectively prevented. Since no ring gear for the locking device is required, a stepless locking can be done with a simplified design.

Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, das Klemmelement am Unterwagen und die Haltefläche am Oberwagen anzuordnen. Da sich jedoch die Energieversorgung eines gattungsgemäßen Fahrzeugs im Allgemeinen im Oberwagen befindet, besteht eine besonders einfach herzustellende und daher bevorzugte Ausführungsform darin, dass das Klemmelement am Oberwagen und die Haltefläche am Unterwagen angeordnet ist. Insbesondere bei Verwendung von mittels Stellelementen bewegbaren Klemmelementen erlaubt diese Ausführungsform kurze Leitungswege zwischen Stellelementen und Energieversorgung.In principle, it is possible to arrange the clamping element on the undercarriage and the holding surface on the superstructure. However, since the energy supply of a generic vehicle is generally located in the superstructure, there is a particularly easy to manufacture and therefore preferred embodiment is that the clamping element on the upper carriage and the support surface is arranged on the undercarriage. In particular when using clamping elements which can be moved by means of adjusting elements, this embodiment allows short cable paths between adjusting elements and energy supply.

Die konzentrisch zur Drehachse ausgebildete Haltefläche könnte grundsätzlich als Oberfläche von einer Vielzahl von geometrischen Körpern ausgebildet sein. So könnte die Haltefläche an einer konischen, scheibenförmigen oder ringförmigen Wand ausgebildet sein, die auch Speichen oder Ausnehmungen aufweisen kann. Nach der Erfindung ist jedoch vorgesehen, dass die Haltefläche an einer zylindrischen Wand ausgebildet ist. Dies erlaubt einen besonders einfachen konstruktiven Aufbau bei einer hohen Festigkeit der Wand beim Andrücken des Klemmelementes. Ist die zylindrische Wand am Unterwagen angeordnet, so kann sie insbesondere auch durch eine Aussparung im Oberwagen in diesen eingreifen. Ist die Wand hingegen am Oberwagen angeordnet, so kann sie insbesondere in den Unterwagen eingreifen.The support surface formed concentrically to the axis of rotation could basically be formed as a surface of a plurality of geometric bodies. Thus, the holding surface could be formed on a conical, disc-shaped or annular wall, which may also have spokes or recesses. According to the invention, however, it is provided that the holding surface is formed on a cylindrical wall. This allows a particularly simple structural design with a high strength of the wall when pressing the clamping element. If the cylindrical wall is arranged on the undercarriage, then it can in particular also engage through a recess in the uppercarriage. On the other hand, if the wall is arranged on the uppercarriage, then it can intervene in particular in the lowercarriage.

Grundsätzlich kann die erfindungsgemäße Bewegung des Klemmelementes relativ zur Haltefläche durch eine Bewegung des Klemmelementes, der Haltefläche oder beider ausgeführt werden. Eine besonders wirtschaftliche Ausführungsform wird jedoch dadurch erzielt, dass nur das Klemmelement bewegbar ist.In principle, the movement of the clamping element according to the invention relative to the holding surface can be carried out by a movement of the clamping element, the holding surface or both. However, a particularly economical embodiment is achieved in that only the clamping element is movable.

Nach der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass zum Bilden eines Klemmelementpaares zwei Klemmelemente einander gegenüberliegend und beiderseits einer Wand mit zwei Halteflächen angeordnet sind und dass bevorzugt die gegenüberliegenden Klemmelemente durch den Stellantrieb gleichzeitig gegen die Halteflächen andrückbar sind. Hierdurch wird eine kräftesymmetrisch besonders günstige Anordnung erreicht und Deformationen der Wand, an die das Klemmelementenpaar zur Anlage kommt, werden vermieden.According to the invention it is provided that for forming a pair of clamping elements, two clamping elements are arranged opposite each other and on both sides of a wall with two retaining surfaces and that preferably the opposite clamping elements by the actuator at the same time against the retaining surfaces are pressed. As a result, a force symmetrical particularly favorable arrangement is achieved and deformations of the wall to which the pair of clamping elements comes to rest, are avoided.

Grundsätzlich können auch mehrere Wände mit daran angeordneten Halteflächen vorgesehen sein. So ist beispielsweise ein koaxial angeordneter Stapel von scheibenförmigen Wänden denkbar, wobei jeder Wand ein oder mehrere Klemmelemente zugeordnet sind. Weiterhin ist es denkbar, mehrere zylindrische Wände mit daran angeordneten Halteflächen koaxial ineinander angeordnet vorzusehen.In principle, a plurality of walls may be provided with retaining surfaces arranged thereon. For example, a coaxially arranged stack of disk-shaped walls is conceivable, wherein each wall is assigned one or more clamping elements. Furthermore, it is conceivable to provide a plurality of cylindrical walls with holding surfaces arranged thereon coaxially with one another.

Eine kräftesymmetrisch besonders günstige Anordnung wird dadurch erreicht, dass drei oder mehr Klemmelementepaare an der Wand mit den konzentrischen Halteflächen verteilt sind. Hierdurch werden Deformationen sowie unerwünschte Verwindungen der Wand während des Betriebs des Erdbauwerkzeugs weitestgehend verhindert. Erfindungsgemäß sind die Klemmelementepaare äquidistant entlang der Wand angeordnet. Liegen drei Klemmelementepaare vor, so beträgt der Winkel, der von zwei benachbarten Klemmelementepaaren an der Drehachse eingeschlossen wird, 120°.A force symmetrical particularly favorable arrangement is achieved in that three or more pairs of clamping elements are distributed on the wall with the concentric support surfaces. As a result, deformations and unwanted distortions of the wall during operation of Erdbaumwerkzeugs are largely prevented. According to the invention, the clamping element pairs are arranged equidistantly along the wall. If there are three pairs of clamping elements, the angle enclosed by two adjacent pairs of clamping elements on the axis of rotation is 120 °.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann die kraftschlüssige Verbindung des Oberwagens mit dem Unterwagen dadurch verbessert werden, dass das Klemmelement an seiner mit der Haltefläche in Kontakt stehenden Oberfläche einen Reibungsbelag aufweist. Dieser Reibungsbelag sollte bevorzugt einen hohen Haftreibungsbeiwert aufweisen und kann auch mit einer aufgerauten, verschleißfesten Oberfläche versehen sein, so dass diese auch bei einem gewissen Abbremsen der Drehbewegung mitwirken kann. Auch die konzentrisch zur Drehachse ausgebildete Haltefläche kann einen Reibungsbelag aufweisen.In a preferred embodiment, the frictional connection of the upper carriage with the undercarriage can be improved in that the clamping element has a friction lining on its surface which is in contact with the holding surface. This friction lining should preferably have a high coefficient of static friction and may also be provided with a roughened, wear-resistant surface, so that it can also participate in a certain braking of the rotational movement. Also, the holding surface formed concentric with the axis of rotation may have a friction lining.

Der Stellantrieb zum Andrücken des Klemmelements an die Haltefläche kann elektromagnetische, mechanische, pneumatische oder sonstige Antriebsmittel aufweisen. Besonders hohe Andrückkräfte und somit eine besonders effiziente kraftschlüssige Verbindung des Oberwagens mit dem Unterwagen kann in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform jedoch dadurch erreicht werden, dass der Stellantrieb einen hydraulischen Stellzylinder aufweist.The actuator for pressing the clamping element to the support surface may comprise electromagnetic, mechanical, pneumatic or other drive means. Particularly high pressure forces and thus a particularly efficient frictional connection of the superstructure with the undercarriage, however, can be achieved in a preferred embodiment in that the actuator has a hydraulic actuating cylinder.

Der Stellantrieb kann von einer Steuereinrichtung so gesteuert werden, dass das Klemmelement erst nach Beendigung der Drehbewegung des Oberwagens an die Halteflächen angepresst wird. Die Steuerung kann auch so erfolgen, dass das Klemmelement das Stoppen der Drehbewegung des Oberwagens unterstützt. Das Klemmelement verbleibt in der Feststellposition, bis ein weiteres Verschwenken des Oberwagens erfolgt.The actuator can be controlled by a control device so that the clamping element is pressed against the retaining surfaces only after completion of the rotational movement of the upper carriage. The control can also be such that the clamping element supports the stopping of the rotational movement of the upper carriage. The clamping element remains in the locking position until a further pivoting of the upper carriage takes place.

Es ist nach der Erfindung bevorzugt, dass das Klemmelement verschiebbar und durch eine Federspanneinrichtung vorgespannt gelagert ist, wobei die Federspanneinrichtung das Klemmelement zum Feststellen des Oberwagens gegen die Haltefläche drückt, und dass zum Freigeben des Oberwagens der Stellantrieb das Klemmelement gegen die Vorspannung der Federspanneinrichtung verfährt. Bei ausgeschalteten Stellantrieb im Ruhezustand oder bei einer Energieunterbrechung ist der Oberwagen stets fixiert. Über die Steuereinrichtung kann der Stellantrieb mit dem Drehantrieb des Oberwagens derart gekoppelt sein, dass bei einer gewünschten Schwenkbewegung des Oberwagens der Stellantrieb aktiviert und so der Oberwagen freigegeben wird. Bei Deaktivierung des Drehantriebs wird der Stellantrieb deaktiviert, so dass durch die federgespannte Feststelleinrichtung die erreichte Schwenkposition fixiert wird.It is preferred according to the invention that the clamping element is slidably mounted and prestressed by a spring tensioning device, wherein the spring tensioning means presses the clamping element for locking the upper carriage against the support surface, and that moves to release the upper carriage of the actuator, the clamping element against the bias of the spring tensioning device. When the actuator is switched off when at rest or in the event of an energy interruption, the superstructure is always fixed. About the controller, the actuator can be coupled to the rotary drive of the upper carriage such that activated at a desired pivotal movement of the upper carriage of the actuator and so the superstructure is released. When the rotary drive is deactivated, the actuator is deactivated, so that the pivot position achieved by the spring-loaded locking device is fixed.

Die Feststelleinrichtung kann nach der Erfindung so angeordnet sein, dass die Relativbewegung des Klemmelementes zur Haltefläche beim Andrücken sowie beim Entfernen des Klemmelementes in einer Richtung, die in etwa senkrecht zur Haltefläche ist, erfolgt. Ein besonders robuster Aufbau der Erfindung wird dadurch erzielt, dass ein Keilschiebermechanismus zum Andrücken des Klemmelements an die Haltefläche vorgesehen ist. Hierzu kann an einer Kolbenstange eines Stellzylinders ein erster Keil mit einer ersten Keilfläche vorgesehen sein, welche zu einer Längsachse des Druckzylinders einen Winkel aufweist. Die erste Keilfläche liegt gleitend an einer zweiten Keilfläche eines zweiten Keiles an, welche an dem Klemmelement ausgebildet ist.The locking device can be arranged according to the invention so that the relative movement of the clamping element to the support surface during pressing and when removing the clamping element in a direction which is approximately perpendicular to the support surface, takes place. A particularly robust construction of the invention is characterized achieves that a Keilschiebermechanismus is provided for pressing the clamping member to the support surface. For this purpose, a first wedge may be provided with a first wedge surface on a piston rod of an actuating cylinder, which has an angle to a longitudinal axis of the printing cylinder. The first wedge surface slidably abuts a second wedge surface of a second wedge which is formed on the clamping element.

Ein besonders robuster Aufbau kann bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform aber auch dadurch erreicht werden, dass ein Kniehebelmechanismus zum Andrücken des Klemmelements an die Haltefläche vorgesehen ist.A particularly robust construction can also be achieved in a preferred embodiment by providing a toggle mechanism for pressing the clamping element against the holding surface.

Die Erfindung wird weiter anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert, welche schematisch in den Zeichnungen dargestellt sind. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugs, die im Bereich des Unterwagens links der Drehachse teilweise geschnitten dargestellt ist;
Fig. 2
eine vergrößerte Detailansicht der Feststelleinrichtung aus Fig. 1 in einem Zustand, in dem der Oberwagen und der Unterwagen kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind; und
Fig.3
eine weitere Ausführungsform in einer teilweise geschnittenen Detailansicht.
The invention will be further explained by means of preferred embodiments, which are schematically illustrated in the drawings. In the drawings show:
Fig. 1
a side view of a vehicle according to the invention, which is shown partially cut in the area of the undercarriage to the left of the axis of rotation;
Fig. 2
an enlarged detail view of the locking device of Figure 1 in a state in which the superstructure and the undercarriage are positively connected to each other ..; and
Figure 3
a further embodiment in a partially sectioned detail view.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Fahrzeug 10, dargestellt als Lafette einer Erdbaumaschine, ist schematisch in Fig. 1 gezeigt. Das Fahrzeug 10 umfasst einen Oberwagen 1 und einen Unterwagen 2, die über eine Achse 47 um eine Drehachse 5 relativ zueinander drehbar gelagert sind. Der Oberwagen 1 umfasst einen Führerstand 41 sowie ein Gehäuse 42 für Steuerungs-, Kühlungs- und Energieversorgungsmodule sowie für Gegengewichte. An dem Unterwagen 2 ist ein in seiner Gesamtheit mit 43 bezeichnetes Fahrgestell vorgesehen, welches Raupenketten 44 aufweist. Ein angetriebenes Drehen des Oberwagens relativ zum Unterwagen erfolgt über einen Drehkranz 46.A vehicle 10 according to the invention, shown as a carriage of an earth-moving machine, is shown schematically in FIG. The vehicle 10 comprises a superstructure 1 and an undercarriage 2, which are rotatably supported relative to one another about an axis 47 about a rotation axis 5. The uppercarriage 1 comprises a driver's cab 41 and a housing 42 for control, cooling and power supply modules and for counterweights. On the undercarriage 2 is designated in its entirety by 43 Chassis provided which has caterpillars 44. A driven turning of the upper carriage relative to the undercarriage via a turntable 46th

Am Unterwagen 2 ist drehfest und konzentrisch zu der Drehachse 5 eine zylindrische Wand 31 angeordnet. Die Krone der trommelförmigen Wand 31 ragt bis zu dem Oberwagen 1. Der Fuß der Wand 31 ist an einem Trägerrahmen des Unterwagens 2 angeschweißt.On the undercarriage 2 is rotationally fixed and concentric with the axis of rotation 5, a cylindrical wall 31 is arranged. The crown of the drum-shaped wall 31 protrudes up to the superstructure 1. The foot of the wall 31 is welded to a support frame of the undercarriage 2.

Zum Fixieren einer gewünschten Schwenkposition ist am Oberwagen 1 eine Feststelleinrichtung 20 ausgebildet, welche in Fig. 2 in Feststellposition dargestellt ist. Die Feststelleinrichtung 20 umfasst ein äußeres Klemmelement 21 zur Anlage an eine äußere Haltefläche 23 sowie ein inneres Klemmelement 22 zur Anlage an eine innere Haltefläche 24. Die Halteflächen 23 und 24 sind durch die Umfangsflächen der zylindrischen Wand 31 gebildet. Beide Klemmelemente 21, 23 sind radial verschiebbar zur Drehachse über Stellbacken 25 und 26 am Oberwagen 1 gelagert. Das Anlegen der Klemmelemente 21, 22 an die Halteflächen 23, 24 erfolgt mittels eines Stellantriebes 28, welcher die Stellbacken 25, 26 gegeneinander verfährt und gegen die Wand 31 presst. An die Stellbacken 25, 26 sind die Klemmelemente 21, 22 lösbar angebracht, welche an ihrer Anpressseite jeweils einen Reibungsbelag 29, 30 aufweisen.For fixing a desired pivot position, a locking device 20 is formed on the uppercarriage 1, which is shown in Fig. 2 in the locked position. The locking device 20 comprises an outer clamping element 21 for abutment with an outer retaining surface 23 and an inner clamping element 22 for abutment with an inner retaining surface 24. The retaining surfaces 23 and 24 are formed by the peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical wall 31. Both clamping elements 21, 23 are mounted radially displaceable to the axis of rotation via adjusting jaws 25 and 26 on the superstructure 1. The application of the clamping elements 21, 22 to the support surfaces 23, 24 by means of an actuator 28, which moves the adjusting jaws 25, 26 against each other and presses against the wall 31. To the adjusting jaws 25, 26, the clamping elements 21, 22 are releasably attached, which each have a friction lining 29, 30 on its contact side.

Bei der alternativen Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 3 ist zu beiden Seiten einer Wand 31 ein Paar von Klemmelementen 21, 22 vorgesehen, von welchen nachfolgend nur das innere Klemmelement 22 näher beschrieben wird. An einer Platte 33 ist an der zur Wand 31 gerichteten Seite ein Reibungsbelag 30 angebracht, welcher verschleißarm ist und für eine gute kraftschlüssige Verbindung sorgt. Die Platte 33 ist an ihrer Rückseite fest mit einer Schiebehülse 34 verbunden, welche auf einem zylindrischen Bolzen 35 verschiebbar gelagert ist. An ihrer Innenseite weist die Schiebehülse 34 eine ringförmige Ausnehmung auf, in welcher als eine Federspanneinrichtung 36 ein ringförmiges Tellerfederpaket angeordnet ist. Dieses stützt sich einerseits gegenüber einer Schulter der Schiebhülse 34 und andedererseits gegenüber einem Flansch an den Bolzen 35 ab, und drückt so den Reibungsbelag 30 radial gegen die Wand 31.In the alternative embodiment according to FIG. 3, a pair of clamping elements 21, 22 is provided on both sides of a wall 31, of which only the inner clamping element 22 will be described in more detail below. On a plate 33, a friction pad 30 is mounted on the side facing the wall 31, which is wear-resistant and ensures a good positive connection. The plate 33 is fixedly connected to its rear side with a sliding sleeve 34 which is mounted on a cylindrical pin 35 slidably. On its inner side, the sliding sleeve 34 has an annular recess in which a ring-shaped disk spring package is arranged as a spring tensioning device 36. This relies on the one hand against a shoulder of the sliding sleeve 34 and on the other hand from a flange on the bolt 35, and thus presses the friction pad 30 radially against the wall 31st

Über einen nicht dargestellten Stellantrieb wird die Platte 33 mit dem Reibungsbelag 30 entgegen der Vorspannung der Federspanneinrichtung 36 von der Wand 31 weggezogen. Der Stellantrieb ist dabei aktiviert, wenn der Drehmotor zum Vorschwenken des Oberwagens in Betrieb ist. Beim Ausschalten des Drehantriebes wird auch der Stellantrieb ausgeschaltet, so dass die Federspanneinrichtung 36 die Platte 23 mit dem Reibungsbelag 30 umgehend gegen die Wand 31 drückt, um so eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung zum Fixieren der Schwenkposition des Oberwagens herzustellen.About an unillustrated actuator, the plate 33 is pulled away with the friction pad 30 against the bias of the spring tensioning device 36 of the wall 31. The actuator is activated when the rotary motor for Vorschwenken the upper carriage in operation. When you turn off the rotary drive and the actuator is turned off, so that the spring tensioning device 36, the plate 23 with the friction pad 30 immediately presses against the wall 31, so as to establish a positive connection for fixing the pivot position of the upper carriage.

Claims (7)

  1. Vehicle, in particular earthworking machine,
    comprising an undercarriage (2),
    an upper carriage (1) supported thereon in a rotatable manner about an axis of rotation (5),
    a driving device for turning the upper carriage (1) relative to the undercarriage (2),
    a holding face (23, 24) formed on the upper carriage (1) or on the undercarriage (2) concentrically to the axis of rotation (5) on a cylindrical wall (31), and
    a locking device (20) for locking a relative position of the upper carriage (1) with respect to the undercarriage (2) comprising at least one clamping element (21, 22), which is arranged in an adjustable manner on the undercarriage (2) or on the upper carriage (1),
    for the force-locking connection of the upper carriage (1) with the undercarriage (2) an actuating drive (28) being provided, through which the clamping element (21, 22) can be moved relative to the holding face (23, 24),
    characterized in that
    three or more clamping element pairs are arranged equidistant on the cylindrical wall (31),
    the cylindrical wall (31) having two concentric holding faces (23, 24) and in order to form a clamping element pair two clamping elements (21, 22) being arranged opposite each other and on both sides of the cylindrical wall (31) with the two holding faces (23, 24).
  2. Vehicle according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the clamping element (21, 22) is arranged on the upper carriage (1) and the holding face (23, 24) is arranged on the undercarriage (2).
  3. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the opposite clamping elements (21, 22) can be pressed simultaneously by the actuating drive (28) against the holding faces (23, 24).
  4. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the clamping element (21, 22) has a friction lining (29, 30).
  5. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the actuating drive (28) has a hydraulic actuating cylinder.
  6. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the clamping element (21, 22) is displaceable and is supported in a pretensioned state by a spring tensioning device (36).
  7. Vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    a sliding wedge mechanism or a toggle-lever mechanism is provided for pressing the clamping element (21, 22) against the holding face (23, 24).
EP03019082A 2002-10-17 2003-08-22 Vehicle, especially construction machine Expired - Lifetime EP1418152B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10248492A DE10248492A1 (en) 2002-10-17 2002-10-17 Vehicle, in particular earth-moving machine
DE10248492 2002-10-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1418152A1 EP1418152A1 (en) 2004-05-12
EP1418152B1 true EP1418152B1 (en) 2007-06-27

Family

ID=32102809

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03019082A Expired - Lifetime EP1418152B1 (en) 2002-10-17 2003-08-22 Vehicle, especially construction machine

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EP (1) EP1418152B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE365698T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10248492A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1020301A5 (en) * 2011-11-28 2013-07-02 A W B Schots Nv DEVICE FOR BLOCKING A ROTATABLE CRANE ON A VEHICLE.
CN103010985B (en) * 2012-12-07 2015-06-17 中联重科股份有限公司 Rotary table rotation locking device and engineering machinery with same
CN103274317B (en) * 2013-05-30 2016-05-04 江苏华澄重工有限公司 Rotary-column type gantry crane revolution anchoring device
WO2014117874A1 (en) 2013-08-27 2014-08-07 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Earthworking tool and method for earthworking
CN105621297A (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-06-01 无锡晟欧船舶设备有限公司 Revolving crane with positioning device
CN105621278A (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-06-01 无锡晟欧船舶设备有限公司 Base structure of rotary crane
EP3543410B1 (en) * 2016-10-27 2021-12-29 Volvo Construction Equipment AB Apparatus for retaining upper pivoting body of construction machine

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3535945A (en) * 1968-06-10 1970-10-27 Rotek Inc Fluid drive for high inertia loads
DE1904954B1 (en) * 1969-02-01 1970-06-25 Rothe Erde Schmiedag Ag Pivotless slewing ring for excavators, cranes or the like.
JPS5824627A (en) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-14 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Brake gear of swivel body
JP3311823B2 (en) * 1993-08-05 2002-08-05 日立建機株式会社 Swivel braking device for construction and cargo handling machinery
JPH09142787A (en) * 1995-11-15 1997-06-03 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Swing braking device
JP3424127B2 (en) * 2001-04-09 2003-07-07 日本車輌製造株式会社 Turning position fixing device for upper revolving superstructure of construction equipment

Also Published As

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DE10248492A1 (en) 2004-05-13
EP1418152A1 (en) 2004-05-12
ATE365698T1 (en) 2007-07-15
DE50307555D1 (en) 2007-08-09

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