EP1412054B1 - Elements de l'espace tropospherique enrichis d'elements vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices - Google Patents

Elements de l'espace tropospherique enrichis d'elements vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1412054B1
EP1412054B1 EP02767058.7A EP02767058A EP1412054B1 EP 1412054 B1 EP1412054 B1 EP 1412054B1 EP 02767058 A EP02767058 A EP 02767058A EP 1412054 B1 EP1412054 B1 EP 1412054B1
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Prior art keywords
iron
protective
substances
fuel
titanium
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1412054A2 (fr
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Franz-Dietrich Oeste
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C10L1/1241—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof metal carbonyls
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1283—Inorganic compounds phosphorus, arsenicum, antimonium containing compounds
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2406—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium mercaptans; hydrocarbon sulfides
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2431—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium sulfur bond to oxygen, e.g. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2431—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium sulfur bond to oxygen, e.g. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10L1/2437—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfonamides, sulfosuccinic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/26—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
    • C10L1/2633—Organic compounds containing phosphorus phosphorus bond to oxygen (no P. C. bond)
    • C10L1/2641—Organic compounds containing phosphorus phosphorus bond to oxygen (no P. C. bond) oxygen bonds only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/28—Organic compounds containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/301—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) derived from metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/305—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
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    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/003—Additives for gaseous fuels
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    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S588/00—Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment
    • Y10S588/90—Apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S588/00—Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment
    • Y10S588/901—Compositions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a tropospheric space element having a sustained increased concentration of at least one vital element and / or at least one protective substance.
  • the invention further relates to a method for the removal of pollutants or toxic substances from a tropospheric space element.
  • the method for producing a tropospheric space element with a sustained increased concentration of at least one vital element and / or at least one protective substance further allows a method for increasing the Phytoplanktonwachstums below a tropospheric space element.
  • the invention also relates to a method for reducing the tropospheric carbon load for tropospheric cooling and for sustainable climate stabilization.
  • tropospheric space elements enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances and methods for their production and application are described.
  • the tropospheric space elements according to the invention are enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances.
  • Tropospheric space elements in the form of pollutant clouds, which can escape in the event of damage to installations, are enriched with protective substances that prevent the uptake of radioactive elements into the organism, minimize the extent of cloud-polluted areas and which additionally have warning and marking functions ,
  • the components of the environment include the living and inanimate parts of the earth's surface and its adjoining areas including airspace, earth's surface, soil, sediment, sediment surface, water, ecosystems.
  • the parts are interwoven with each other via material cycles, all of which are connected by partially labile flow equilibriums.
  • the complex system can exist in several more or less stable phases.
  • the transition from one phase to the other can be triggered by relatively small causes.
  • the transitions between the possible climatic phases are perceived as particularly disadvantageous:
  • the geological climate history of the Ice Ages has taught that the transition of the terrestrial climate between the glacial cold climate, the temperate climate and the warm-hot climate can be completed rapidly within a few years.
  • Shortage of fossil fuels is also expected in the near future Compensation through the expansion of alternative energy sources and energy saving measures will not be enforceable due to the need to invest in poverty regions.
  • a cartridge loaded with a solid propellant composition contains two reactants which react with each other to form at least one neutralizing agent which reacts with the toxicants to form non-toxic, inert and environmentally friendly reaction products.
  • the propellant composition is ignited by means of a detonator. The burning propellant composition escapes the cartridge in the form of an aerosol.
  • the US 4,704,942 describes a system for controlling a cloud containing toxic substances, in which electrically charged aerosol particles are injected.
  • the chemical composition of these particles is not specified.
  • the US 6,066,296 deals with the analysis of substances of atmospheric contamination.
  • the CN-A-1259393 discloses that fumes are used to trigger weather phenomena that can be used to wash out pollutants from the air.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing methods which represent an effective solution to the problems outlined above.
  • the solution of the indicated problem bundle is inventively brought about by the fact that defined tropospheric space elements are generated, which are enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances.
  • the at least one vital element and / or the at least one protective substance is an iron or titanium compound or silicon bound to oxygen and / or nitrogen.
  • the preparation of the tropospheric space element is effected by a controlled addition of flue gas to an existing tropospheric space element, wherein the flue gas contains the at least one vital element and / or the at least one protective substance.
  • the flue gas is generated by the combustion of a fuel and / or a fuel additive.
  • the generation of the enriched with protective substances and / or vital elements tropospheric space elements is preferably done by adding such a flue gas in the tropospheric airspace over the desired exposure range.
  • the purpose of the addition of the flue gases according to the invention is to spread the protective substances and / or vital elements in the troposphere over the desired exposure range, to dwell therein for a period of time and finally to sink to the surface and / or water surface.
  • the flue gases according to the invention, which are used for this purpose are enriched with protective substances and / or vital elements.
  • the substances referred to as protective substances also include those substances from which protective substances are formed, in particular in the troposphere. Specific application possibilities of the method are mentioned in claim 10.
  • the production of the flue gases can be done by the combustion of vital element fuels and / or other substances containing fuels, in their combustion protective substances are formed. But it is also possible to enrich the flue gases after their formation with vital elements and / or protective substances.
  • the enrichment of the flue gases with vital elements and / or protective substances after the combustion process is preferred if these are temperature-sensitive substances or substances which can not be produced in the combustion process.
  • conventional fuels in particular for example oil and gasoline
  • the substance additives from which a vital element and protective substance fraction is formed in the flue gas formed during combustion are preferably present therein as oil-soluble or gasoline-soluble compounds in molecularly disperse distribution.
  • Table 1 gives examples of materials that can be used as fuels or fuel additives to produce the flue gases of the present invention.
  • Table 2 gives examples of protective substances which can be added to the flue gas after combustion and
  • Table 3 gives examples of substances containing protective substances and / or vital elements as constituents of flue gases produced by combustion.
  • Table 4 contains further examples of protective substances.
  • Table 5 contains examples of such materials from which protective substances can automatically form in the troposphere.
  • the generation of the flue gases according to the invention can be carried out by combustion in any firing systems. It can also be done by means of powered by the fuels of the invention vehicles, especially aircraft, ships and automobiles. It can also be done by means specially designed for this purpose devices.
  • the preparation of the tropospheric space elements by applying the commercially available protective substances and vital elements is not preferred when it comes to solids.
  • the commercially available protective substances and vital elements with the finest grain size are the so-called pyrogenic oxides.
  • Such commercial products are z.
  • vital elements are e.g. The essential elements phosphorus, nitrogen, silicon and iron, which require living things to exist.
  • protective substances are those substances which directly trigger the destruction, removal or harmlessness of harmful substances or substances which cause the avoidance of the contact of organisms with harmful substances.
  • the protective substances include z.
  • As the hydroxyl radicals in the troposphere because they reduce the degradation of harmful there reducing substances such. As methane, smog and flue gases cause.
  • the protective substances include z.
  • As the substances that stimulate the formation of hydroxyl radicals in the troposphere such as.
  • the protective substances include z.
  • As the pollutants sorbents carbon black, fumed silica and iron (III) oxide, fog and the fog generators.
  • the protective substances also include the warning materials, which prevent color, smell or irritant effect living beings, especially humans, from approaching a harmful substance or to eat or drink contaminated food or water.
  • the protective substances include z.
  • As the color pigments carbon black and iron oxide red, the odorous substances ethylmercaptan and pyridine, the irritants chloroacetophenone and trichloromitomethane, the taste-intensive substances or flavors, and also disgusting or nausea triggering substances.
  • Protective agent-enriched tropospheric space elements also include cloud-generated and tropospheric-enriched clouds generated in the heaviest nuclear power plant accidents, e.g. from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. These include clouds enriched with radioactive elements, which can escape from other sources during the uncontrolled nuclear reaction. Examples are z. B .. Radioactive Waste Ragers, Nuclear Fuel Rod Bearings, Marine Propulsion Nuclear Reactors, Nuclear Weapons and their Warehouses, Enriched Uranium Storage Plants, Plutonium Lagers.
  • the protective substances used for this purpose can be assigned to one or more substances from the substance groups of the marking substances, the sorbents, the precipitation-promoting substances, the condensation-promoting substances, the agglomeration of particles-promoting substances and the substances hindering the uptake of substances into the organism ,
  • the pollutant clouds enriched with protective substances and the contaminated sediments fallen out of them or the contaminated water which has come into contact with them can be visually, odorily, tastefully and also by anyone by one or more protective substances from the area of pigments, odors, flavors and irritants recognized as a skin irritant and thereby avoided. Restricted to smell and skin irritation that also applies to the animal world.
  • Some examples of such tags are given in Table 2.
  • these contaminated tropospheric space elements are preferably enriched with protective substances which bind the pollutants, promote their precipitation and directly hinder their uptake into the organism.
  • the clouds containing pollutants are enriched according to the invention with protective substances.
  • the inclusion of radioactive, toxic or virulent substances in human and animal organisms but also plants is thereby directly or indirectly hindered or prevented. This can significantly mitigate the impact of released toxic emissions.
  • the preparation of enriched with protective substances tropospheric room elements in case of accident happens by means of specially designed security devices.
  • the application of the safety devices is described using the example of an accident involving the release of radioactive emissions from uncontrolled nuclear reactions in the nuclear power plant (NPP).
  • NPP nuclear power plant
  • GAU biggest accident to be assumed
  • the hot exhaust gases of such nuclear fission reactions can be assigned to the flue gases, since as a rule always high-temperature chemical combustion processes are involved.
  • a danger potential with the GAU is the Release of radioactive iodine isotopes.
  • the fuel and / or fuel additive according to the invention with iodine addition is kept as protective substance in the NPP.
  • the fuel may be burned as close as possible to the location of the open nuclear fuel reaction. This can be z. B. done by injecting iodine-doped liquid fuel with one or more hollow lances in the immediate vicinity of the nuclear fuel reaction, the heat of the nuclear reaction brings the liquid fuel to the inflammation. It is also possible to use as fuel with hydrogen iodide enriched natural gas and flare in a corresponding manner.
  • the flue gases according to the invention mix together with the GAU flue gases.
  • the safety device may also be made from a conventional combustion device for releasing the iodine-containing combustion products of the invention from the fuels and fuel additives with conventional oil or gas burners.
  • fuels iodine-doped fuel oils and fuel oil additives are preferred.
  • the emission of radioactive iodine from the GAU flue gases into the troposphere is preferably exceeded by the iodine emission according to the invention with the flue gases by a multiple relative to the released in the unit time radioactive iodine in the troposphere, the risk of ingestion of radioactive iodine isotopes in contact of persons with the immissions at the place of immission.
  • Soot is suitable for the sorption of gaseous radioactive substances and can easily be generated by incomplete combustion of soot oil as soot-containing flue gas.
  • Organically bound iron and / or manganese in the fuel yields flue gases enriched with iron and / or manganese oxides, which are an excellent sorbent for radioactive heavy metals.
  • soot aerosol is superficially oxidized. Such oxidized carbon black is additionally capable of binding portions of the heavy radioactive elements.
  • An increased content of the contaminated cloud with water vapor and / or mist-forming substances as a protective substance promotes the binding of the radioactive metals to the sorption-active protective substances.
  • the binding of the radioactive heavy metals, metalloids and alkaline earths to the oxidized soot particle and / or oxide particle protective substances is particularly advantageous from the aqueous phase, because this phase induces the formation of dissolved ions therefrom, which can be more easily absorbed by the sorbents carbon black and iron oxides.
  • the contaminated cloud can additionally be enriched with fogging agent protective substances. Mist makers can be generated both by combustion and by injection of the mist former into the hot flue gases.
  • volatile acids volatile bases, volatile hydrolyzing salts and thermally decomposing salts and hygroscopic substances or substances that can convert in the protective agent-enriched cloud in one or more misting agents.
  • volatile acids volatile bases, volatile hydrolyzing salts and thermally decomposing salts and hygroscopic substances or substances that can convert in the protective agent-enriched cloud in one or more misting agents.
  • volatile acids volatile bases, volatile hydrolyzing salts and thermally decomposing salts and hygroscopic substances or substances that can convert in the protective agent-enriched cloud in one or more misting agents.
  • Mist makers can also be generated directly from fuels and fuels, e.g. B. phosphoric acid from the combustion of tricresyl phosphate, sulfuric acid from the combustion of carbon disulfide. In the cloud, these substances or their oxidation and / or hydrolysis products aqueous mist spray droplets. Mist formation also has the great advantage that it aggregates the aerosol particles in the cloud by agglomeration into flakes. This increases the rate of sinking of the particles up to precipitation. Preference is given to the use of water-soluble hygroscopic protective substances for protective substance mist formation, preferably ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or tin chloride. Combinations of volatile bases with volatile acids also provide beneficial and consistent protective mist. Burning metal dust such as zinc, aluminum, iron or magnesium or their mixtures with highly chlorinated organic substances as oxidizing agents can also produce resistant protective mist.
  • a high loading density of the pollutant cloud is selected with protective substances.
  • the majority of the pollutant inventory is bound, on the other hand agglomerated the protective aerosol and sedimented faster than the protective substance-free cloud.
  • the protective substances carbon black and iron oxide according to the invention have pigment properties and thus form a simple method for optical marking of the fall-out region, recognizable by the black or red fall-out color.
  • the pollutant binding to the protective substances also has the advantage of easier separation of the radioactivity from the contaminated air with air cleaning devices and the reduction of water contamination by dissolved radioactive substances.
  • sensitive to the smell and / or by skin irritant detectable protective substances are suitable as sensory marking agents for the radioactive cloud and their immissions.
  • Examples include the substances from the groups of odorous and / or irritating substances. These include e.g. Mercaptans (odor-intensive), pyridine (odor-intensive), haloketones (irritating to the skin), halonitriles (irritating to the skin), halogen cyanides (irritating to the skin), trichloronitromethane (irritating to the skin), halonitroaromatics (irritating to the skin), oxazepine (irritating to the skin) and the like.
  • the enriched with protective aerosols local tropospheric space elements in which the formation of hydroxyl radicals is excited upon irradiation can make conventional motor vehicle catalyst systems for exhaust gas purification superfluous.
  • the effect of the finely divided aerosols according to the invention can be exceeded by the effect of the fixed catalyst beds, because they can sustainably continue to work in the flue gas cloud even after they have left the exhaust, wherever this drives them.
  • the smog components ozone, NO x , peroxyacetyl nitrate are thereby degraded by the hydroxyl radicals formed or do not even come to the formation there, where the OH radical concentration during the day is raised significantly above the normal value.
  • Protective aerosols containing oxidized iron can still firmly bind carcinogenic antimony and toxic lead contained in the released friction lining wear of clutch and brake linings, even after it has been swept away with the precipitates, and along with the Protective material particles have sedimented or swept away with the rainwater in the sewer. Even the protective aerosols sunk from the air onto the surfaces of vegetation, buildings and soil can there continue the cleaning function of the formation of the hydroxyl radicals upon irradiation there.
  • protective substance-forming flue gases could, for. B. promoted for predominantly daytime automobiles on the elimination or reduction of fuel tax for the corresponding fuels, so that alternatively to the catalyst use protective flue gas forming fuel can find dissemination.
  • these vehicles would be the establishment of catalytic emission control devices, as prescribed in particular on gasoline-powered vehicles, then to the elimination.
  • the increase in the carbon load in this part of the carbon cycle thus requires that the carbon load taken from the troposphere by the tropospheric mass increase of the phytoplankton triggered by the tropospheric space element according to the invention be replaced to a sufficient extent.
  • this can be done by burning fossil fuels.
  • the products of the increased phytoplankton production namely kerogen and methane hydrate sediment, are to be integrated into the energy production of the anthropogenic material economy. Otherwise, there is a danger that by dropping the concentration of tropospheric carbon dioxide, the climate will slip into a cold phase.
  • the size of the secondary particles is the preferred measure, since their diameter for the rate of descent of the aerosol particles is a key determinant size.
  • Secondary particles consist of primary particle agglomerates. The diameters of the secondary particles are a function of the aerosol concentration in the flue gas. This in turn is a function of the concentration of the aerosol-forming combustible substance in the fuel: the higher it is, the coarser secondary particles containing the flue gas and the faster these sink in the troposphere down.
  • Similar regulatory mechanisms can also be used in the accident-oriented drug dosing to enrich the contamination cloud. These depend, for example, according to the data on the cloud constantly supplied pollutant load, which can be estimated relatively accurately in the example nuclear power plant from the radiation temperature of the nuclear fuel melt and / or at the height of the thermal convection and / or their radioactive radiation intensity. From the spectrum of the radioactive radiation intensity and the knowledge of the used nuclear fuel can be drawn also on the existing active inventory in the emission. These criteria are suitable both for determining the necessary freight rates of the protective substances. It may also be decided on a case-by-case basis whether all these protective substances should be used or only one particular fraction.
  • the tropospheric room elements with raised vital element content have the particular advantage that the entry of the vital elements on the sea or the land surface is sustainable and large area.
  • Experiments carried out on the application of vital elements in the form of iron salts that have been introduced directly into the ocean have only been able to trigger phytoplankton mass growth in small regions.
  • the necessary for the production of additives to the tropospheric space elements mixed oxides and nitrides are all non-toxic and in the concentrations used without adverse effects in the lungs and digestive tract. They also do not have a toxic effect on the environment. At a minimum, it is not known that the natural particles of similar constitution that could be released in significant quantities in the tropospheric hydrolysis of volcanic gas exhalations of iron, silicon and titanium halides, would cause health damage where they occur.
  • the titanates, ferrates, zirconates, zirconium dioxide and cerium dioxide which are optionally present in the aerosols according to the invention also have largely disordered non-crystalline lattices and belong to the inert substances chemically-biologically: in the sandy sediments of weathered crystalline and volcanic rocks and in volcanic ashes they are Elements occasionally enriched in the weathering-resistant heavy mineral fraction as rutile, anatase, brookite, ilmenite, titanite, zirconium. Harmful effects of these absorbed into the digestive tract substances are therefore not known or expected.
  • the natural burden of wind-laden particulate aerosol fraction is obne the use of the invention enriched with vital elements and / or protective substances tropospheric space elements increase worldwide due to the then-increasing increase in devastation and desertification.
  • the natural wind cargo aerosols of many regions contain crystalline parts, especially quartz and serpentine, which are inhaled harmful to health.
  • the natural emitted from the desert and Moränengürteln Feinststaubaerosole that occasionally penetrate to Central Europe, z. B. are classified as harmful due to their quartz content.
  • those serpeated fiber-containing fine dusts that are blown off from drying zones with natural serpentine deposits are considered harmful to health.
  • the titanium, silicon, phosphorus and iron-organic compounds for the production of fuels and fuel additives for the production of the vital elements and / or protective substances containing flue gases can be produced industrially at very low production costs.
  • titanium and iron are not deficient elements in the earth's crust; They are among the common elements: the average content in the continental crust is 42 g iron per kg earth crust and 5 g / kg titanium. According to the Statistical Yearbook 1992 for the Federal Republic of Germany in 1990, for example, the production of engine, aviation gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fuel consumption in the US alone amounted to approximately 457,000,000 tonnes.

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Claims (15)

  1. Procédé pour la production d'un élément de l'espace troposphérique avec une concentration augmentée de façon durable d'au moins un élément vital et/ou d'au moins une substance protectrice,
    caractérisé en ce que, concernant l'au moins un élément vital et/ou l'au moins une substance protectrice, il s'agit d'un composé de fer ou de titane ou d'un silicium lié à de l'oxygène et/ou de l'azote, en ce que la production de l'élément de l'espace troposphérique s'effectue par un ajout contrôlé de gaz de fumée à un élément de l'espace troposphérique existant, dans lequel le gaz de fumée contient l'au moins un élément vital et/ou l'au moins une substance protectrice, et que le gaz de fumée est généré par la combustion d'un combustible et/ou d'un additif combustible.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'après sa formation, le gaz de fumée est enrichi avec les éléments vitaux et/ou substances protectrices.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le combustible contient une ou plusieurs substances du groupe suivant : hydrogène, gaz naturel, gaz liquide, pétrole, raffinat de pétrole, huile de pyrolyse, huiles issues de matières premières renouvelables, diesel, kérosène, pétrole léger, pétrole brut, huile de silicone, essence, méthanol, métal, métalloïde et contenant sous forme enrichie au moins un élément vital et/ou au moins une substance protectrice et/ou au moins une substance se transformant par pyrolyse et/ou combustion en une substance protectrice.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le combustible ou l'additif combustible est au moins un composé de fer du groupe suivant : carbonyles de fer, ferrocène, décaméthylferrocène, oléates de fer, sels de fer d'acide gras, acétylacétonate de fer, sulfocyanate de fer, N-hétérocycles aromatiques à teneur en fer, alliage de fer-silicium-magnésium.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le combustible ou l'additif combustible est au moins un composé de titane du groupe suivant : titanocène, tétraméthyltitane, ester d'acide titanique stable à l'hydrolyse, condensats d'acide carboxylique-acide titanique, acétylacétonates de titane, phtalocyanines de titane, titane, alliage de magnésium-titane.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le combustible ou l'additif combustible est au moins un composé de silicium qui se présente en tant que composé d'huile ou d'huile soluble dans de la benzine, en tant qu'huile de silicone, en tant qu'ester d'acide silicique, tétraméthylsilane, composé de silane ou en tant que composé d'halogènesilane ou en tant que métal ou métalloïde.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le combustible ou l'additif combustible est au moins un composé de cérium du groupe suivant : tricyclopentadiényle-cérium, cerheptandionate, céracétylacétonate, alliage de fer-cérium-titane.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le gaz de fumée est enrichi avec au moins un agent formateur de brouillard du groupe :
    - acide chlorhydrique, chlorure de calcium, chlorure de magnésium, chlorure d'aluminium, chlorure de zinc, chlorure de fer (III), chlorure d'ammonium, chlorure de méthylammonium, chlorure de pyridinium, hydrogénosulfate d'ammonium, acide chlorosulfurique, anhydride sulfurique, acide sulfurique,
    et/ou avec au moins une substance, se transformant en une substance protectrice de formation de brouillard, du groupe :
    - trichlorure de phosphore, oxychlorure de phosphore, pentachlorure de phosphore, dichlorure de souffre, chlorure de sulfuryle, chlorure d'aluminium, chlorure de fer (III), trichlorure de bore, tétrachlorure de titane, tétrachlorure de silicium, chlorosilane, hydrogène sulfuré, dioxyde de souffre.
  9. Procédé pour éliminer des substances nocives ou des substances toxiques d'un élément de l'espace troposphérique,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on ajoute à celui-ci un gaz de fumée à teneur en substance protectrice, dans lequel, concernant la substance protectrice, il s'agit d'un composé de fer ou de titane ou bien d'un silicium lié à de l'oxygène et/ou de l'azote, et dans lequel le gaz de fumée est produit par la combustion d'un combustible et/ou d'un additif combustible.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le gaz de fumée est enrichi après sa formation avec les éléments vitaux et/ou les substances protectrices.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la substance protectrice est du noir de carbone et qu'une fumée contenant du noir de carbone est générée par la combustion incomplète d'une huile de noir de carbone,
    que la substance protectrice est un oxyde de fer et qu'une fumée contenant l'oxyde de fer est générée par la combustion d'un combustible qui contient le fer dans un composé organique,
    que la substance protectrice est un agent formateur de brouillard introduit dans l'élément de l'espace troposphérique au moyen de fumée et/ou d'une injection, et/ou.
    que la substance protectrice est sélectionnée parmi l'un des composés suivants : gaz d'iode dilué, gaz iodhydrique dilué, aérosol de noir de carbone à teneur en iode, et que la fumée est une fumée à teneur en iode qui est générée par la combustion d'un combustible à teneur en iode.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 9, 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que de l'eau est introduite dans l'élément de l'espace troposphérique ou dans le gaz de fumée.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de l'espace troposphérique ou le gaz de fumée est enrichi avec de l'ammoniac.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, concernant les substances nocives ou substances toxiques, il s'agit d'éléments radioactifs ou de microbes.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de l'espace troposphérique sont utilisés à un degré de manière à permettre la stabilisation durable du climat.
EP02767058.7A 2001-07-31 2002-07-29 Elements de l'espace tropospherique enrichis d'elements vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices Expired - Lifetime EP1412054B1 (fr)

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DE10137178 2001-07-31
DE10137178 2001-07-31
DE10213317 2002-03-25
DE10213317 2002-03-25
DE10217932 2002-04-22
DE10217932A DE10217932A1 (de) 2001-07-31 2002-04-22 Brennstoffe und Brennstoffzusätze zur nachhaltigen Verbesserung der menschlichen Existenzgrundlagen
PCT/DE2002/002766 WO2003013698A2 (fr) 2001-07-31 2002-07-29 Elements de l'espace tropospherique enrichis d'elements vitaux et/ou de substances protectrices

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DE102009004281A1 (de) 2008-01-21 2009-07-23 Franz Dietrich Oeste Klimakühlende Feststoff- und Gasverbrennung
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DE102011108433A1 (de) 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Franz Dietrich Meyer-Oeste Klimakühlung mittels dampfförmiger hydrophober Eisenverbindungen
CA2856196C (fr) 2011-12-06 2020-09-01 Masco Corporation Of Indiana Distribution d'ozone dans un robinet
DE102013007409A1 (de) 2012-08-31 2014-03-20 Franz Dietrich Meyer-Oeste Den aktivierten Abbau der Treibhausgase Methan und Ozon in der Troposphäre auslösende Oberflächen
WO2017112795A1 (fr) 2015-12-21 2017-06-29 Delta Faucet Company Système de distribution de fluide comprenant un dispositif désinfectant
DE102017010697A1 (de) 2017-08-06 2019-02-07 Franz Dietrich Oeste Verfahren zur Klimakühlung
CN112614605A (zh) * 2020-11-25 2021-04-06 中国辐射防护研究院 一种放射性甲基碘气体去除方法
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US7501103B2 (en) 2009-03-10
WO2003013698A3 (fr) 2003-06-26
DE10297668D2 (de) 2005-04-21
WO2003013698A2 (fr) 2003-02-20
CN100579630C (zh) 2010-01-13
EP1412054A2 (fr) 2004-04-28
CN1617757A (zh) 2005-05-18
US20050106061A1 (en) 2005-05-19

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