EP1411591A2 - Electrical contact surfaces - Google Patents
Electrical contact surfaces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1411591A2 EP1411591A2 EP03014373A EP03014373A EP1411591A2 EP 1411591 A2 EP1411591 A2 EP 1411591A2 EP 03014373 A EP03014373 A EP 03014373A EP 03014373 A EP03014373 A EP 03014373A EP 1411591 A2 EP1411591 A2 EP 1411591A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact element
- oil
- layer
- tin
- coated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to surfaces of electrical contact elements, to a releasable electrical connection between serve a connector and a mating connector.
- Electrical connections are intended to make a connection to produce between a socket part and a plug part, wherein the socket part usually has contact elements which by Pins, knives or the like which are arranged in the mating connector Represent contact elements, are included and so one electrical cable between the connector and the mating connector is producible, whereby an electrical connection between two electrical lines or between an electrical line and an electrical unit is created.
- This electrical connector can be solved again.
- the Mating connector arranged contact element for example a knife
- the connector-side contact element For the establishment of the electrical plug connection that penetrates into the Mating connector arranged contact element, for example a knife, into an opening provided in the plug and contacted here the connector-side contact element.
- This is bracket-like trained and contacted the knife between the clamp-like trained contact parts.
- the knife of the mating connector from the Contact element of the plug to a large extent, wherein the actual contact area between the contact parts of the contact element and the knife.
- the contact elements usually consist of a copper-based alloy, for example CuSn4 bronze or CuNiSi in the contact area are coated with a layer of tin. It draws the tin is characterized by good conductivity. In the border area between the tin layer and the copper compound are formed Diffusion an intermediate layer, in which the tin with the copper connects and which enlarge under the influence of temperature can.
- the tin is made using hot-dip tinning, i.e. H. in molten Form, or by means of a galvanic process as a layer brought to the substrate from a few ⁇ m.
- Coatings based on gold or silver are also known.
- Tin alloys are only slightly hard. That leads to one rapid wear with frequent plugging or under the influence of engine-related vibrations or shaking movements that occur in the Motor vehicle sector are common. It comes through these influences to rub through the surface layer or to fretting corrosion, which favors the oxidation of the material. Both destroy the Coating at least partially, which increases the risk of failure electrical connection.
- the low hardness of the tin coating also leads to a Adhesive effect between two adjacent surfaces and to one easy plastic deformability, which means a high friction force, especially when plugging in a connector, and thus causes high insertion forces. This can even lead to cold welding come.
- the invention has for its object to design contact elements so that they form a good conductive connection whose Wear caused by shaking or vibrating movements avoided or at least is restricted and that in the manufacture of a Do not generate high friction forces.
- pairs of Contact elements are used, their copper-containing base alloy on one side (body 1, e.g. pin or contact) with is coated with an oily layer of tin and on the other Side (body 2, e.g. pin or contact) a surface layer is provided, which consists of pure tin or silver.
- devices for bringing about a releasable electrical connection proposed according to the features of the claims 1 to 4, and method for manufacturing a device for establishing a releasable electrical connection according to the features of claims 5 to 12.
- the coating materials used according to the invention of contact elements are particularly suitable for production a conductive contact between the contact elements and between the layer and the coated base material, which in usually consists of a copper alloy. At the same time they are presented materials hard enough that rapid wear is excluded by abrasion.
- the oil-containing tin layer lies particularly well on the carrier material regardless of the copper alloy is. All common copper alloys, such as CuSn4, CuSn6, CuNiSi, CuFe and others.
- a contact element is made from a Copper alloy, in this case a material with that from Wieland trade name K55, in a special galvanic process coated with an oil-containing tin layer.
- the layer has a thickness of 1 to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 4 ⁇ m.
- the other contact element pure tin becomes “galvanic" from the same carrier material reflow "coated, preferred in a layer thickness of 2-10 ⁇ m 5-8 ⁇ m is present.
- the intermetallic phase fringe hisses the oil-containing tin layer and the carrier material is so homogeneous because of the microcavities are filled with oil.
- the capsules can also be treated with an oil reaction product be filled.
Landscapes
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Oberflächen von elektrischen Kontaktelementen, die zur einer lösbaren elektrischen Verbindung zwischen einem Stecker und einem Gegenstecker dienen.The invention relates to surfaces of electrical contact elements, to a releasable electrical connection between serve a connector and a mating connector.
Elektrische Verbindungen sind dafür vorgesehen, um eine Verbindung zwischen einem Buchsenteil und einem Steckerteil herzustellen, wobei das Buchsenteil in der Regel Kontaktelemente aufweist, die von Pins, Messer oder dergleichen, die die in dem Gegenstecker angeordneten Kontaktelemente darstellen, aufgenommen werden und so eine elektrische Leitung zwischen dem Stecker und dem Gegenstecker herstellbar ist, wodurch eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen zwei elektrischen Leitungen oder zwischen einer elektrischen Leitung und einem elektrischen Aggregat entsteht. Diese elektrische Steckverbindung ist wieder lösbar. Electrical connections are intended to make a connection to produce between a socket part and a plug part, wherein the socket part usually has contact elements which by Pins, knives or the like which are arranged in the mating connector Represent contact elements, are included and so one electrical cable between the connector and the mating connector is producible, whereby an electrical connection between two electrical lines or between an electrical line and an electrical unit is created. This electrical connector can be solved again.
Zur Herstellung der Elektrischen Steckverbindung dringt das in dem Gegenstecker angeordnete Kontaktelement, zum Beispiel ein Messer, in eine in dem Stecker vorgesehene Öffnung ein und kontaktiert hier das steckerseitige Kontaktelement. Dieses ist klammerartig ausgebildet und kontaktiert das Messer zwischen den klammerartig ausgebildeten Kontaktteilen. Durch weiteres Hineinschieben des Messers in das steckerseitige Kontaktelement weiten sich die federartig gelagerten Kontaktteile auf und gleiten während des Einschiebevorgangs entlang der Oberfläche des Messers. In der Endstellung wird in der Regel das Messer des Gegensteckers von dem Kontaktelement des Steckers zu einem großen Teil umfasst, wobei die eigentliche Kontaktfläche zwischen den Kontaktteilen des Kontaktelements und des Messers besteht.For the establishment of the electrical plug connection that penetrates into the Mating connector arranged contact element, for example a knife, into an opening provided in the plug and contacted here the connector-side contact element. This is bracket-like trained and contacted the knife between the clamp-like trained contact parts. By pushing the Knife in the plug-side contact element that expand like a spring stored contact parts and slide during the insertion process along the surface of the knife. In the end position is usually the knife of the mating connector from the Contact element of the plug to a large extent, wherein the actual contact area between the contact parts of the contact element and the knife.
Die Kontaktelemente bestehen meist aus einer Legierung auf Kupferbasis, zum Beispiel CuSn4-Bronze oder CuNiSi, die im Kontaktbereich mit einer Zinnschicht überzogen sind. Dabei zeichnet sind das Zinn durch ein gute Leitfähigkeit aus. Im Grenzbereich zwischen der Zinnschicht und der Kupferverbindung bildet sich durch Diffusion eine Zwischenschicht, in der sich das Zinn mit dem Kupfer verbindet und die sich unter Temperatureinfluss vergrößern kann.The contact elements usually consist of a copper-based alloy, for example CuSn4 bronze or CuNiSi in the contact area are coated with a layer of tin. It draws the tin is characterized by good conductivity. In the border area between the tin layer and the copper compound are formed Diffusion an intermediate layer, in which the tin with the copper connects and which enlarge under the influence of temperature can.
Das Zinn wird mittels Feuerverzinnung, d. h. in schmelzflüssiger Form, oder mittels eines galvanischen Prozesses als eine Schicht von wenigen µm auf das Trägermaterial gebracht.The tin is made using hot-dip tinning, i.e. H. in molten Form, or by means of a galvanic process as a layer brought to the substrate from a few µm.
Des weiteren sind Beschichtungen auf Gold- oder Silberbasis bekannt. Coatings based on gold or silver are also known.
Zinnlegierungen haben nur eine geringe Härte. Das führt zu einem schnellen Verschleiß bei häufigem Stecken oder unter dem Einfluss von motorbedingten Vibrationen oder Schüttelbewegungen, die im Kraftfahrzeugbereich üblich sind. Durch diese Einflüsse kommt es zu einem Durchrieb der Oberflächenschicht oder zur Reibkorrosion, welche die Oxidation des Materials begünstigt. Beides zerstört die Beschichtung zumindest partiell, was eine erhöhtes Ausfallrisiko der elektrischen Verbindung zur Folge hat.Tin alloys are only slightly hard. That leads to one rapid wear with frequent plugging or under the influence of engine-related vibrations or shaking movements that occur in the Motor vehicle sector are common. It comes through these influences to rub through the surface layer or to fretting corrosion, which favors the oxidation of the material. Both destroy the Coating at least partially, which increases the risk of failure electrical connection.
Die geringe Härte der Zinnbeschichtung führt außerdem noch zu einer Adhäsionswirkung zwischen zwei benachbarten Flächen und zu einer leichten plastischen Verformbarkeit, was eine hohe Reibungskraft, speziell beim Einstecken einer Steckverbindung, und somit hohe Steckkräfte bewirkt. Es kann dabei sogar zu einer Kaltverschweißung kommen.The low hardness of the tin coating also leads to a Adhesive effect between two adjacent surfaces and to one easy plastic deformability, which means a high friction force, especially when plugging in a connector, and thus causes high insertion forces. This can even lead to cold welding come.
Bei galvanisch abgeschiedenen Reinzinn-Schichten besteht die Möglichkeit der Whiskerbildung. Dabei handelt es sich um nadelförmige Zinn-Einkristalle, die spontan wachsen können und im Extremfall bis zu mm-Größe wachsen können. Ihr Auftreten verändert die Oberfläche und kann zu unerwünschten elektrischen Kurzschlüssen führen. Durch mechanische Belastung erhöht sich die Tendenz zur Whiskerbildung.This is possible with galvanically deposited pure tin layers of whisker formation. It is needle-shaped Tin single crystals that can grow spontaneously and in extreme cases can grow up to mm size. Their appearance changes the surface and can lead to undesired electrical short circuits. The tendency towards whisker formation increases due to mechanical stress.
Auch bei herkömmlichen Silber- oder Goldschichten kann es zu einem Schichtabrieb oder zum Abplatzen der Schicht kommen.Even with conventional silver or gold layers, it can become one Layer abrasion or the layer flaking off.
Sind die zu verbindenden Kontaktelemente mit dem gleichen Material beschichtet, so liegen insbesondere bei Zinn und Silber sehr hohe Reibwerte vor. Are the contact elements to be connected with the same material coated, so are particularly high for tin and silver Coefficients of friction.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Kontaktelemente so auszubilden, dass sie eine gute leitende Verbindung bilden, deren Verschleiß durch Schüttel- oder Vibrationsbewegungen vermieden oder zumindest eingeschränkt wird und die bei der Herstellung einer Steckverbindung keine hohen Reibungskräfte erzeugen.The invention has for its object to design contact elements so that they form a good conductive connection whose Wear caused by shaking or vibrating movements avoided or at least is restricted and that in the manufacture of a Do not generate high friction forces.
Der Kerngedanke der Aufgabenlösung besteht darin, dass Paare von Kontaktelementen eingesetzt werden, deren kupferhaltige Basislegierung auf der einen Seite (Körper 1, z.B. Pin oder Kontakt) mit einer ölhaltigen Zinnschicht überzogen ist und auf der anderen Seite (Körper 2, z. B. Pin oder Kontakt) eine Oberflächenschicht versehen ist, die aus Reinzinn oder Silber besteht.The main idea of the task solution is that pairs of Contact elements are used, their copper-containing base alloy on one side (body 1, e.g. pin or contact) with is coated with an oily layer of tin and on the other Side (body 2, e.g. pin or contact) a surface layer is provided, which consists of pure tin or silver.
Dazu werden Vorrichtungen zum Herbeiführen einer wiederlösbaren elektrischen Verbindung vorgeschlagen gemäß den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Herbeiführung einer wiederlösbaren elektrischen Verbindung gemäß den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 5 bis 12.For this purpose, devices for bringing about a releasable electrical connection proposed according to the features of the claims 1 to 4, and method for manufacturing a device for establishing a releasable electrical connection according to the features of claims 5 to 12.
In tribologischen Systemen kommt es auf die Paarung von Oberflächen an. Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Materialien zur Beschichtung von Kontaktelemente eigen sich besonders zur Herstellung eines leitendenden Kontakts zwischen den Kontaktelementen und zwischen der Schicht und dem beschichteten Basismaterial, das in der Regel aus einer Kupferlegierung besteht. Gleichzeitig sind die vorgestellten Materialien hart genug, dass ein schneller Verschleiß durch Abrieb ausgeschlossen ist.In tribological systems, the pairing of surfaces is important on. The coating materials used according to the invention of contact elements are particularly suitable for production a conductive contact between the contact elements and between the layer and the coated base material, which in usually consists of a copper alloy. At the same time they are presented materials hard enough that rapid wear is excluded by abrasion.
Die ölhaltige Zinnschicht legt sich besonders gut an das Trägermaterial an, unabhängig davon, um welche Kupferlegierung es sich handelt. Möglich sind alle üblichen Kupferlegierungen, wie CuSn4, CuSn6, CuNiSi, CuFe u.a..The oil-containing tin layer lies particularly well on the carrier material regardless of the copper alloy is. All common copper alloys, such as CuSn4, CuSn6, CuNiSi, CuFe and others.
Im Gegensatz zu einer herkömmlich feuerverzinnten Reinzinnoberfläche weist der Schichtaufbau einer Oberfläche, die mit einer Öldispersion hergestellt ist, einen vernachlässigbar dünnen und sehr homogenen intermetallischen Phasensaum auf. Mikrokavitäten im Grenzflächenbereich sind bei dieser Art der Oberflächenbeschichtung mit Öl oder Ölreaktionsprodukten gefüllt und führen deshalb kaum zu Spannungen, die bei Belastung ein Abplatzen der Oberflächenschicht verursachen können.In contrast to a conventional hot-tin-plated pure tin surface shows the layer structure of a surface with an oil dispersion is made, a negligibly thin and very homogeneous intermetallic phase hem. Micro cavities in the Interfaces are in this type of surface coating filled with oil or oil reaction products and therefore lead hardly any tensions that cause the surface layer to flake off under load can cause.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen gehen aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie den Ansprüchen hervor.Further advantageous configurations are given in the following Description and the claims.
In einem Ausführungsbeispiel wird ein Kontaktelement aus einer Kupferlegierung, in diesem Fall ein Material mit dem bei Wieland geführten Handelsnamen K55, in einem speziellen galvanischen Verfahren mit einer ölhaltigen Zinnschicht überzogen. Die Schicht hat eine Dicke von 1 bis 10µm, vorzugsweise 1 bis 4µm. Das andere Kontaktelement aus demselben Trägermaterial wird Reinzinn "galvanisch reflow" beschichtet, das in einer Schichtdicke von 2-10µm, bevorzugt 5-8µm vorliegt. In one embodiment, a contact element is made from a Copper alloy, in this case a material with that from Wieland trade name K55, in a special galvanic process coated with an oil-containing tin layer. The layer has a thickness of 1 to 10 µm, preferably 1 to 4 µm. The other contact element pure tin becomes "galvanic" from the same carrier material reflow "coated, preferred in a layer thickness of 2-10µm 5-8µm is present.
Die Paarung dieser beiden Materialien hat den zusätzlichen Vorteil, dass es keine Neigung zur Whiskerbildung gibt.The pairing of these two materials has the additional advantage that there is no tendency to whisker formation.
Der intermetallische Phasensaum zischen der ölhaltigen Zinnschicht und dem Trägermaterial ist deshalb so homogen, weil die Mikrokavitäten mit Öl gefüllt sind. Wird das beschichtete Kontaktelement noch wärmebehandelt, so können die Kapseln auch mit einem Öl-Reaktionsprodukt gefüllt sein.The intermetallic phase fringe hisses the oil-containing tin layer and the carrier material is so homogeneous because of the microcavities are filled with oil. Will the coated contact element still heat treated, the capsules can also be treated with an oil reaction product be filled.
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2002148803 DE10248803A1 (en) | 2002-10-19 | 2002-10-19 | Electrical contact surfaces |
DE10248803 | 2002-10-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1411591A2 true EP1411591A2 (en) | 2004-04-21 |
EP1411591A3 EP1411591A3 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
Family
ID=32038773
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03014373A Withdrawn EP1411591A3 (en) | 2002-10-19 | 2003-06-26 | Electrical contact surfaces |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1411591A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004139990A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003248321A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10248803A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008106290A (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-05-08 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrical contact member |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5075176A (en) | 1990-02-23 | 1991-12-24 | Stolberger Metallwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electrical connector pair |
EP0849373A1 (en) | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-24 | Wieland-Werke AG | Strip shaped composite material, process and apparatus for making it |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5141702A (en) * | 1990-03-13 | 1992-08-25 | Olin Corporation | Method of making coated electrical connectors |
US6254979B1 (en) * | 1998-06-03 | 2001-07-03 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Low friction electrical terminals |
CN1310379C (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2007-04-11 | 郑慧光 | Method for improving conductive performance of easily detachable connector for electric line |
-
2002
- 2002-10-19 DE DE2002148803 patent/DE10248803A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-06-26 EP EP03014373A patent/EP1411591A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-09-24 AU AU2003248321A patent/AU2003248321A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-20 JP JP2003359707A patent/JP2004139990A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5075176A (en) | 1990-02-23 | 1991-12-24 | Stolberger Metallwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electrical connector pair |
EP0849373A1 (en) | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-24 | Wieland-Werke AG | Strip shaped composite material, process and apparatus for making it |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003248321A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
EP1411591A3 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
DE10248803A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
JP2004139990A (en) | 2004-05-13 |
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