EP1404959A1 - Verfahren zur bestimmung des kraftstoff/luftverhältnisses in einzelnen zylindern eines mehrzylindrigen verbrennungsmotors - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bestimmung des kraftstoff/luftverhältnisses in einzelnen zylindern eines mehrzylindrigen verbrennungsmotorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1404959A1 EP1404959A1 EP02747194A EP02747194A EP1404959A1 EP 1404959 A1 EP1404959 A1 EP 1404959A1 EP 02747194 A EP02747194 A EP 02747194A EP 02747194 A EP02747194 A EP 02747194A EP 1404959 A1 EP1404959 A1 EP 1404959A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- probe
- signal
- gas probe
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
- F02D41/1458—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with determination means using an estimation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
- F02D41/2454—Learning of the air-fuel ratio control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3005—Details not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
- F02D2041/1415—Controller structures or design using a state feedback or a state space representation
- F02D2041/1416—Observer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
- F02D2041/1434—Inverse model
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the fuel / air ratio in individual cylinders (single cylinder lambda) of an internal combustion engine with a plurality of cylinders, the exhaust gases of which are mixed in a common exhaust gas line system from the signal of an exhaust gas probe whose installation location is in the common exhaust gas line system with the aid of a invertible model for the mixing of the exhaust gases at the installation location of the exhaust gas probe.
- a method is known from SAE Paper 940376.
- test bench tests showed good agreement between the results of the model and the actual actual values of lambda in the individual cylinders.
- the model applied to one engine with a reference probe was transferred to other engines of the same type, larger deviations between the modeled lambda values and the measured lambda values were shown. Incorrect assignments were also found. That said, the model seemed apt Delivering lambda values assigned them to the wrong cylinders.
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved method for determining the single cylinder lambda values from the signal of an exhaust gas probe which is arranged behind a location in the exhaust gas system where the exhaust gases of the various cylinders flow together.
- This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned at the outset in that the angle of rotation position of the exhaust gas probe at its installation location is taken into account when determining the single cylinder lambda from the signal of one exhaust gas probe evaluated with the aid of the inverted model.
- This measure advantageously enables the influence of unknown probe installation angles to be compensated for by a control unit function. An otherwise necessary determination of the probe installation angle by mechanical devices can thus be dispensed with. This allows the exhaust gas probes and the exhaust gas systems into which the exhaust gas probes are screwed to be manufactured more cost-effectively.
- a further measure provides that at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine is operated temporarily with a fuel / air mixture composition which differs from the fuel / air mixture composition of the other cylinders in a predetermined manner, that the reaction of the exhaust gas probe to this deviation is determined and with at least one stored Reaction is compared, which was recorded under the same conditions with an exhaust gas probe, the angular position of which was known at its installation location and that the further processing of the probe signal is influenced in such a way that the predetermined deviation is caused by the Estimates that are formed by the model are reproduced.
- This measure provides the advantage of an easy-to-implement test function for determining the unknown probe angle.
- Another measure provides that the reaction of the exhaust gas probe to the above-mentioned deviation is compared with several stored reactions that were recorded with different, known rotational angle positions of the exhaust gas probe under otherwise identical conditions, that the one of the stored reactions is selected that has the greatest similarity with the signal of the exhaust gas probe and that the further processing of the probe signal is influenced by the fact that the estimated values will in future be formed using a model that has been matched to the selected reaction.
- This measure provides the advantage of a very precise adaptation of the model to the probe installation angle.
- Another measure provides that the further processing of the probe signal is influenced by the fact that the input signal of the model signal corresponds to the phase-shifted signal of the exhaust gas probe and that the extent of the phase shift is changed until the response of the exhaust gas probe corresponds to a specific stored response.
- This measure takes up particularly little storage space and computing capacity because it comes into effect in the signal processing chain before the more complex calculations of the model.
- Another measure provides that the further processing of the probe signal is influenced by the fact that the signal of the exhaust gas probe is sampled in a speed-synchronous manner in such a way that a sampled value is available for each ignition TDC of each cylinder and that the position of the sampling time is relative to the ignition -OT is varied until the reaction of the exhaust gas probe corresponds to a specific stored reaction.
- FIG. 1 shows the technical environment in which the invention is used.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an exhaust gas probe 10, which is cut in the plane perpendicular to the screwing axis.
- 3 illustrates the formation of input signals for the model for estimating the actual lambda values.
- 4 shows a flow chart as an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention.
- the number 1 in FIG. 1 represents an internal combustion engine with four cylinders 2, 3, 4 and 5.
- the cylinders are supplied with air or a fuel / air mixture from an intake manifold 6.
- the amount of air drawn in by the cylinders is determined by a
- Air quantity actuator 7 for example a throttle valve, controlled.
- the amount of air flowing into the cylinders can also be controlled by a variable valve control.
- An air flow meter 8 measures the amount of Air sucked in by the internal combustion engine.
- the speed n of the internal combustion engine is detected by a speed sensor 9.
- a control unit calculates a measure of the filling of the individual cylinders with air from measured operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, at least from the measured amount of air and the rotational speed, and forms injection pulse widths ti for controlling cylinder-specific injection valves 13, 14, 15 and 16.
- the injection valves can use the fuel for example, in front of the intake valves of the cylinders or also directly in the combustion chambers of the cylinders.
- the fuel metering can be checked by the signal of the exhaust gas sensor and, if necessary, corrected by the control unit 12.
- the composition of the exhaust gas at the location of the probe therefore depends on the lambda values of the individual cylinders.
- the lambda values of the individual cylinders can be constructed in the following way.
- the signal from the exhaust gas probe is sampled synchronously with the times of ignition in the individual cylinders.
- the exhaust gas composition at the probe installation location is determined, for example, to a large extent by the composition of the exhaust gas from the last combustion and in each case to a smaller extent by the exhaust gas composition of the previous combustion.
- Each cylinder thus influences the exhaust gas composition at a time t with a certain weight c.
- the lambda value measured at the probe installation location can be represented as the sum of the actual lambda values of the individual cylinders provided with weight factors c.
- N-measured lambda values with ignition-synchronous scanning which can be assigned to the N actual lambda values via a weight factor matrix cij with N rows and N columns.
- the weight factors can be determined by test bench measurements.
- the weight factors determined thus represent, as it were, parameters of a model from which lambda estimates for the single-cylinder lambda values can be determined in the opposite direction from N sample values of the probe signal.
- the reverse direction corresponds to the inverted model.
- Exhaust probes are usually screwed into the exhaust system and thus mechanically braced against the exhaust system. If several pairs of identical exhaust gas probes and identical exhaust systems are screwed together, the angle of rotation position, at which a sufficiently high tension occurs, differs from pair to pair.
- the inventors have recognized that scatter in the lambda estimated values determined in the manner specified above correlate with the rotational angle position of the exhaust gas probe. This may be due to breaks in the rotational symmetry in the exhaust probe structure. So can for example, the gas-sensitive part of an exhaust gas sensor be plate-shaped and therefore not rotationally symmetrical.
- the gas-sensitive area of an exhaust gas probe is usually surrounded by a protective tube which has openings for the gas passage. Depending on the rotational position of the openings and the gas-sensitive part, there may be delays in the time that elapses between the expulsion of the exhaust gas from the cylinder and the arrival at the gas-sensitive part of the exhaust gas probe.
- Fig. 2 illustrates these relationships by a schematic representation of an exhaust gas probe 10, which is cut in the plane perpendicular to the screw axis.
- the number 20 denotes a carrier structure which carries a gas-sensitive part 21.
- the number 22 denotes a protective tube which surrounds the gas-sensitive part and has openings 23 to the exhaust system.
- the arrow 24 illustrates the flow direction of the exhaust gas and the arrow 25 denotes the angle alpha by which the gas-sensitive part is rotated relative to the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
- the signal 3 illustrates the formation of input signals for the model for estimating the actual lambda values.
- the signal 3.1 represents a counter reading, which is increased, for example, at the top dead center of a cylinder after the compression stroke (ignition TDC) and each time after one cycle of the internal combustion engine, that is, when the internal combustion engine once the ignition TDC of all cylinders has gone through, is set to zero.
- the signal 3.2 represents an exhaust gas probe signal which oscillates synchronously with this. This special profile results, for example, when one of the cylinders with a
- Fuel / air mixture composition is operated, which differs from the fuel / air mixture composition of the other cylinders.
- a fat pulse per cycle is shown in the exhaust probe signal, as in signal 3.2.
- the signal of the exhaust gas probe is sampled at predetermined intervals from the individual ignition TDC of the cylinders, so that N sampling values result per work cycle of the internal combustion engine, N representing the number of cylinders. It has been shown that twisting the probe leads to changes in the exhaust gas probe signal, for example to phase shifts.
- the line 3.3 represents such a phase-shifted exhaust gas probe signal.
- step 4.1 differences are generated between the actual lambda values of the individual cylinders. For this purpose, for example in the context of a temporary test function operation, one cylinder can be operated rich and the other cylinders can be operated lean.
- This detection of the exhaust gas probe reaction is represented by step 4.2.
- step 4.3 the recorded probe reaction is compared with various stored probe reactions, each of which was recorded at a known probe installation angle.
- the comparison criterion can be, for example, the sum of the amounts of the distances between samples corresponding to the sum of the length of the arrows d1, d2, d3, d4 in FIG. 3.
- the stored probe reaction is identified that is most similar to the detected probe reaction. This can be, for example, the stored probe reaction with the smallest value of the sum mentioned above. Since this stored probe reaction belongs to a certain known probe installation angle, the information about the probe installation angle flows in at this point in the method. The similarity of the sample values is interpreted in such a way that the previously unknown probe installation angle corresponds to the stored probe installation angle identified in the manner described.
- different models or sets of model parameters are stored in the control unit 8.
- the model belonging to the identified probe installation angle is selected. Step 4.6 represents the further processing of the sampled probe signal values with the selected model.
- a comparison of the detected probe reaction with a single stored probe reaction can also take place.
- the further processing of the probe signal can be influenced by the fact that the phase shift is formed between the stored reaction and the detected reaction, and that the input signal of the Model signal corresponds to the phase-shifted signal of the exhaust gas probe.
- the extent of the phase shift can be determined, for example, by changing an initially arbitrarily assumed phase shift of the input signal of the model until the reaction of the exhaust gas probe corresponds to a specific stored reaction.
- the further processing of the probe signal can be influenced in that the signal of the exhaust gas probe is sampled in a speed-synchronized manner in such a way that a sampled value is present for each ignition TDC of each cylinder and that the position of the sampling time relative to the ignition TDC is as long as this is varied until the reaction of the exhaust gas probe corresponds to a specific stored reaction.
- the angular resolution of this method is limited in terms of application effort and storage space requirements. As an example, it is assumed that the models were applied for four different probe installation angles, for example 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° and 360 °. Then, in a first step, the stored angle closest to the real probe installation angle can be assigned. A residual deviation can then be compensated for using the phase shift method or the method of varying the sampling times.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10131179A DE10131179A1 (de) | 2001-06-29 | 2001-06-29 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Kraftstoff/Luftverhältnisses in einzelnen Zylindern eines mehrzylindrigen Verbrennungsmotors |
| DE10131179 | 2001-06-29 | ||
| PCT/DE2002/002013 WO2003004850A1 (de) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-06-01 | Verfahren zur bestimmung des kraftstoff/luftverhältnisses in einzelnen zylindern eines mehrzylindrigen verbrennungsmotors |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1404959A1 true EP1404959A1 (de) | 2004-04-07 |
| EP1404959B1 EP1404959B1 (de) | 2006-11-08 |
Family
ID=7689763
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02747194A Expired - Lifetime EP1404959B1 (de) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-06-01 | Verfahren zur bestimmung des kraftstoff/luftverhältnisses in einzelnen zylindern eines mehrzylindrigen verbrennungsmotors |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6910471B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1404959B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4223946B2 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10131179A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003004850A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004026176B3 (de) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-08-25 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Erfassen eines zylinderindividuellen Luft/Kraftstoff-Verhältnisses bei einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| US7089922B2 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-08-15 | Cummins, Incorporated | Apparatus, system, and method for minimizing NOx in exhaust gasses |
| DE102006043679B4 (de) | 2006-09-18 | 2019-08-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Einzelzylinderregelung bei einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE102007020959B4 (de) * | 2007-05-04 | 2014-12-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Alkoholgehaltes |
| DE102008040737A1 (de) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Dynamiküberwachung einer Breitband-Lambdasonde |
| JP2013221482A (ja) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | 気筒間空燃比ばらつき異常検出装置 |
| DE102013220117B3 (de) * | 2013-10-04 | 2014-07-17 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE102023202164A1 (de) * | 2023-03-10 | 2024-09-12 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Antriebseinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie entsprechende Antriebseinrichtung |
| US12060845B1 (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2024-08-13 | Fca Us Llc | Passive evaluation of event delay assignment for individual cylinder fuel/air ratio control |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH055214Y2 (de) * | 1986-08-20 | 1993-02-10 | ||
| US5535135A (en) * | 1993-08-24 | 1996-07-09 | Motorola, Inc. | State estimator based exhaust gas chemistry measurement system and method |
| JP3683357B2 (ja) * | 1996-08-08 | 2005-08-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の気筒別空燃比推定装置 |
| JP3378474B2 (ja) * | 1997-08-06 | 2003-02-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気マニホルド |
| FR2773847B1 (fr) * | 1998-01-19 | 2000-03-24 | Sagem | Dispositif d'estimation de richesse de systeme d'injection pour moteur a combustion interne |
| US6148808A (en) * | 1999-02-04 | 2000-11-21 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Individual cylinder fuel control having adaptive transport delay index |
| US6382198B1 (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2002-05-07 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Individual cylinder air/fuel ratio control based on a single exhaust gas sensor |
| JP3824959B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-29 | 2006-09-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 排ガスセンサの温度制御装置 |
-
2001
- 2001-06-29 DE DE10131179A patent/DE10131179A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-06-01 JP JP2003510590A patent/JP4223946B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-01 US US10/363,072 patent/US6910471B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-01 WO PCT/DE2002/002013 patent/WO2003004850A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-06-01 DE DE50208655T patent/DE50208655D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-01 EP EP02747194A patent/EP1404959B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03004850A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4223946B2 (ja) | 2009-02-12 |
| US20040024519A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
| DE50208655D1 (de) | 2006-12-21 |
| JP2004521261A (ja) | 2004-07-15 |
| EP1404959B1 (de) | 2006-11-08 |
| DE10131179A1 (de) | 2003-01-16 |
| US6910471B2 (en) | 2005-06-28 |
| WO2003004850A1 (de) | 2003-01-16 |
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