EP1398242B1 - Accouplement télescopique avec paliers de roulement - Google Patents
Accouplement télescopique avec paliers de roulement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1398242B1 EP1398242B1 EP03077560A EP03077560A EP1398242B1 EP 1398242 B1 EP1398242 B1 EP 1398242B1 EP 03077560 A EP03077560 A EP 03077560A EP 03077560 A EP03077560 A EP 03077560A EP 1398242 B1 EP1398242 B1 EP 1398242B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pins
- shaft
- pair
- shaft assembly
- pairs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/16—Steering columns
- B62D1/18—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable
- B62D1/185—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable adjustable by axial displacement, e.g. telescopically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/16—Steering columns
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
- F16C3/03—Shafts; Axles telescopic
- F16C3/035—Shafts; Axles telescopic with built-in bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
- F16D3/06—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement
- F16D3/065—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement by means of rolling elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/20—Land vehicles
- F16C2326/24—Steering systems, e.g. steering rods or columns
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
- F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
- F16C29/045—Ball or roller bearings having rolling elements journaled in one of the moving parts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S464/00—Rotary shafts, gudgeons, housings, and flexible couplings for rotary shafts
- Y10S464/904—Homokinetic coupling
- Y10S464/905—Torque transmitted via radially extending pin
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to shaft assemblies and more particularly to a shaft assembly having an inner shaft movable axially within an outer shaft.
- Shaft assemblies including relatively axially movable inner and outer shafts have many different functions, one being the transmission of torque.
- a slip joint is usually provided between the shafts to facilitate relative axial movement.
- slip load One requirement of the joint is that its resistance to relative axial shaft movement, commonly referred to as “slip load”, be kept to a minimum so that the shafts may be put together easily at the point of manufacture to speed up production without raising ergonomic concerns.
- a low slip load is also particularly important if the shaft assembly transmits torque, as it is required to do when used with the steering column of an automotive vehicle.
- EP 1 136 341 discloses a shaft assembly capable of length variation including a shaft and a telescoping tube, the tube including three discrete track portions in which are guided rollers mounted on the shaft.
- a shaft assembly for use with a steering column or the like as claimed in claim 1.
- the rollers are mounted on the inner shaft by pins projecting radially outwardly from the inner shaft.
- the pins are preferably arranged in pairs with the pins of each pair projecting radially outwardly in opposite directions on a common center line.
- Each pair of pins may be arranged in the same transverse plane as another pair of pins, or the pin pairs may be distributed in spaced apart relation axially along the length of the shaft.
- the rollers are mounted on the pins by needle bearings.
- the shaft assembly of this invention has low slip load even at high levels of torque, and will develop zero, or near zero, lash and deflection in use.
- the phenomenon of slip-stick, common in many prior relatively axially movable shaft assemblies, is reduced, if not eliminated, in the shaft assembly of the present invention.
- Slip-stick is the tendency of one shaft to in effect stick relative to the other shaft, requiring increased axial loading before movement will commence.
- FIG. 2 a shaft assembly 10 including an elongated open-ended tubular outer shaft 12 and an elongated inner shaft 14 extending lengthwise within the outer shaft 12, with the longitudinal center line of the inner shaft coincident with that of the outer shaft.
- a slip joint 16 between the shafts enables relative axial shaft movement.
- FIG. 1 shows the shaft assembly 10 between a steering column 18 and a steering gear 20 of an automotive vehicle.
- the assembly 10 is sometimes referred to as an intermediate shaft.
- the steering column 18 has a steering shaft 22 supported for rotation and axial movement within a tubular jacket 24.
- the front end of the steering shaft 22 is connected to the rear end of the outer shaft 12 by a universal joint 25, and the front end of the inner shaft 14 is connected to the steering gear 20 by a universal joint 26.
- the shaft assembly 10 as used in FIG. 1 adjusts for misalignment between the steering column 18 and the steering gear 20.
- the outer shaft 12 is of uniform cross-section throughout its length and has an outer peripheral wall 32 including confronting, laterally spaced apart, axially extending arcuate wall sections 34 and 36.
- the wall sections 34 and 36 are directly opposite one another and are of the same circumferential extent.
- Flat wall segments 38 and 40 extend radially inwardly from the longitudinal edges 42 and 44 of the wall section 34.
- Flat wall segments 46 and 48 extend radially inwardly from the longitudinal edges 52 and 54 of the wall section 36.
- the wall segments 38, 40, 46 and 48 provide roller tracks.
- the wall segments 38 and 46 are at right angles to one another and at their closely adjacent radially inner extremities are joined by a narrow connecting bridge 55.
- the wall segments 40 and 48 are at right angles to one another and at their closely adjacent radially inner extremities are joined by a narrow connecting bridge 56.
- the wall sections, wall segments and connecting bridges are preferably all integral parts of the outer shaft and extend the full length thereof.
- the slip joint 16 includes a plurality of cylindrical pins 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72 and 74 extending radially outwardly from the shaft 14, with a roller 73 mounted for rotation on each pin by needle bearings 75.
- the pins are preferably arranged in pairs with the pins of each pair projecting radially outwardly from the inner shaft 14 in opposite directions on a common center line.
- the center line of the pair of pins 60, 62 and the center line of the pair of pins 64, 66 are perpendicular to one another and arranged so that the pins 60-66 are in a group 76 forming a cross in a common transverse plane.
- the center line of the pair of pins 68, 70 and the center line of the pair of pins 72, 74 are perpendicular to one another and arranged so that the pins 68-74 are in a group 78 forming a cross in a common transverse plane spaced axially from the plane of the group 76 of pins 60-66.
- pair of pins 60, 62 and the pair of pins 68, 70 are parallel and disposed in a first axial plane extending lengthwise of the shaft 14, and the pair of pins 64, 66 and the pair of pins 72, 74 are parallel and disposed in a second axial plane extending lengthwise of the shaft perpendicular to the first axial plane.
- the pins 60, 68 are adjacent to the track 38, the pins 64, 72 are adjacent to the track 46, the pins 62, 70 are adjacent to the track 48, and the pins 66, 74 are adjacent to the track 40.
- the rollers 73 on the pins roll on the adjacent tracks.
- an inner shaft 79 has four pairs of pins, and again the pins of each pair project radially outwardly from the inner shaft 79 in opposite directions on the same center line.
- the inner shaft 79 itself is like the inner shaft 14 of the first embodiment.
- the pins 80-94 are like the pins 60-74 of the first embodiment although distributed along the inner shaft differently, and rollers, not shown, but like the rollers 73 of the first embodiment, will be and mounted for rotation on the pins by similar needle bearings.
- Each pair of pins is spaced axially from the other pairs.
- the center lines of the alternate pairs of pins 80, 82 and 88, 90 are parallel to one another, and the center lines of the remaining pins 84, 86 and 92, 94 are parallel to one another but turned 90° to the pins 80, 82, 88 and 90 so as to be perpendicular thereto.
- the pins 80, 82 and the pins 88, 90 are disposed in a first axial plane extending lengthwise of the shaft 79, and the pins 84, 86 and the pins 92, 94 are disposed in a second axial plane extending lengthwise of the shaft 79 perpendicular to the first axial plane.
- Additional pairs of pins may be provided in axially spaced apart relation along the length of the shaft 79, as may be considered necessary or desirable.
- the inner shaft 79 is axially slidable in the previously described outer shaft 12 with its rollers engaging the tracks 38, 40, 46 and 48 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the assembled inner shaft 79 and outer shaft 12 may also be used as in intermediate shaft with a steering column as in FIG. 1.
- An end view of the inner shaft 79 in the outer shaft 12 would look exactly like the end view of the inner shaft 14 in the outer shaft 12 shown in FIG. 4.
- the inner shaft 14 together with the pins projecting outwardly therefrom may, if desired, be formed as a single forging.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Steering Controls (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
Claims (20)
- Ensemble d'arbre coulissant (10) destiné à être utilisé avec une colonne de direction (18), comprenant :un arbre extérieur tubulaire allongé (12) ;un arbre intérieur allongé (14) s'étendant longitudinalement dans ledit arbre extérieur (12) ; etun joint coulissant (16) qui accouple lesdits arbres intérieur et extérieur (12, 14) et capable de transmettre un couple dans des sens opposés entre lesdits arbres et de permettre un déplacement axial relatif entre lesdits arbres, ledit joint coulissant (16) comprenant une pluralité de galets (73) montés sur ledit arbre intérieur (14) pour tourner autour d'axes de galets respectifs transversaux à un axe longitudinal dudit arbre intérieur (14), dans lequel au moins certains de ladite pluralité de galets (73) sont espacés axialement le long dudit arbre intérieur (14) par rapport à d'autres de ladite pluralité de galets (73), caractérisé en ce que ledit joint coulissant (16) comprend une surface de roulement de galets respective (38, 40, 46, 48) associée à chacun desdits galets (73), prévue sur ledit arbre extérieur (12) et qui coopère avec chaque galet correspondant (73) et le supporte dans sa rotation seulement sur un côté de ce galet pendant la transmission dudit couple dans lesdites directions opposées, dans lequel ladite pluralité de galets (73) comprend une pluralité de paires desdits galets (73) diamétralement opposés, dans lequel au moins un jeu de ladite pluralité de paires de galets est espacé axialement d'un autre jeu de ladite pluralité de paires de galets, et dans lequel il y a quatre desdits jeux desdites paires de galets.
- Ensemble selon la revendication 1, dans lequel deux desdits jeux de paires de galets se trouvent dans un premier plan commun et dans lequel les deux jeux restants de paires de galets se trouvent dans un second plan commun qui est espacé axialement du premier plan commun.
- Ensemble selon la revendication 1, dans lequel chacun desdits quatre jeux de paires de galets se trouve dans un plan correspondant, et dans lequel chaque plan est espacé axialement des autres plans.
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdits galets (73) sont montés sur ledit arbre intérieur (14) par des pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74) qui font saillie radialement vers l'extérieur à partir dudit arbre intérieur (14).
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit arbre extérieur (12) possède une paroi périphérique extérieure (32) et lesdites surfaces de roulement (88, 40, 46, 48) s'étendent radialement vers l'intérieur à partir de ladite paroi (32).
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit arbre extérieur (12) possède une paroi périphérique extérieure (32) qui comprend des sections de paroi (34, 36) espacées latéralement, s'étendant axialement, et lesdites surfaces de roulement (38, 40, 46, 48) s'étendent radialement vers l'intérieur à partir desdites sections de paroi (34, 36).
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit arbre extérieur (12) présente une paroi périphérique extérieure (32) comprenant des première et deuxième sections de paroi (34, 36) espacées latéralement, s'étendant axialement, lesdites sections de paroi (34, 36) sont courbes en section transversale, chacune desdites sections de paroi (34, 36) a des arêtes latérales s'étendant axialement (42, 44, 52, 54), et lesdites surfaces de roulement (38, 40, 46, 48) s'étendent radialement vers l'intérieur à partir desdites arêtes latérales respectives (42, 44, 52, 54).
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 7, dans lequel lesdits galets (73) sont montés sur ledit arbre intérieur (14) par des pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 74) qui font saillie radialement vers l'extérieur sur ledit arbre intérieur (14).
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 8, dans lequel lesdits pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74) sont arrangés par paires, et les pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74) de chaque paire font saillie radialement vers l'extérieur dans des directions opposées sur un axe commun.
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 9, dans lequel les axes d'une première paire desdits pivots (60, 62) et d'une deuxième paire desdits pivots (68, 70) sont parallèles entre eux et les axes d'une troisième paire desdits pivots (64, 66) et d'une quatrième paire desdits pivots (72, 74) sont parallèles entre eux mais perpendiculaires aux axes desdites première paire et deuxième paire desdits pivots (60, 62, 68, 70).
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 10, dans lequel lesdites première et troisième paires de pivots (60, 62, 64, 66) sont disposées dans un premier plan transversal et lesdites deuxième et quatrième paires de pivots (68, 70, 72, 74) sont disposées dans un second plan transversal espacé axialement dudit premier plan transversal.
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 11, dans lequel lesdites première, deuxième, troisième et quatrième paires desdits pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74) sont espacées axialement l'une de l'autre.
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit arbre extérieur (12) possède une paroi périphérique extérieure (32) qui comprend des première et deuxième sections de paroi (34, 36) disposées face à face, espacées latéralement, s'étendant axialement, ladite première section de paroi (34) ayant des premier et deuxième arêtes latérales (42, 44) s'étendant axialement, ladite deuxième section de paroi (36) ayant des troisième et quatrième arêtes latérales (52, 54) s'étendant axialement, lesdites première et troisième arêtes latérales (42, 52) étant espacées circonférentiellement et étant adjacentes entre elles, lesdites deuxième et quatrième arêtes latérales (44, 54) étant espacées circonférentiellement et adjacentes entre elles, ladite paroi périphérique (32) comprenant des segments de paroi (38, 40, 46, 48) s'étendant radialement vers l'intérieur à partir des première, deuxième, troisième et quatrième arêtes latérales respectives (42, 44, 52, 54), chacun desdits segments de paroi (38, 40, 46, 48) définissant l'une des surfaces de roulement.
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 13, dans lequel lesdits galets (73) sont montés sur ledit arbre intérieur par des pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74) qui font saillie radialement vers l'extérieur à partir dudit arbre intérieur (14).
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 14, dans lequel certains desdits pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74) sont espacés axialement d'autres desdits pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74).
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 13, dans lequel lesdits pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74) sont arrangés par paires, les pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74) de chaque paire faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur dans les directions opposées sur un axe commun.
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 16, dans lequel les axes d'une première paire desdits pivots (60, 62) et d'une deuxième paire desdits pivots (68, 70) sont parallèles entre eux et les axes d'une troisième paire desdits pivots (64, 66) et d'une quatrième paire desdits pivots (72, 74) sont parallèles entre eux mais perpendiculaires aux axes desdites première et deuxième paires desdits pivots (60, 62, 68, 70).
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 17, dans lequel l'un desdits arbres (12) présente une extrémité arrière reliée à une extrémité avant de l'arbre de direction (22) d'une colonne de direction (19) d'un véhicule automobile.
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 17, dans lequel lesdites première et troisième paires de pivots (60, 62, 64, 66) sont disposées dans un premier plan transversal et lesdites deuxième et quatrième paire de pivots (68, 70, 72, 74) sont disposées dans un deuxième plan transversal espacé axialement dudit premier plan transversal.
- Ensemble d'arbre 10 selon la revendication 17, dans lequel lesdites première, deuxième, troisième et quatrième paires desdits pivots (60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74) sont espacées axialement l'une de l'autre.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US24234702A | 2002-09-11 | 2002-09-11 | |
US242347 | 2002-09-11 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1398242A2 EP1398242A2 (fr) | 2004-03-17 |
EP1398242A3 EP1398242A3 (fr) | 2004-10-13 |
EP1398242B1 true EP1398242B1 (fr) | 2006-11-22 |
Family
ID=31887776
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03077560A Expired - Lifetime EP1398242B1 (fr) | 2002-09-11 | 2003-08-15 | Accouplement télescopique avec paliers de roulement |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6960139B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1398242B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60309793T2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006030105A1 (de) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-03 | Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg | Längenvariable Welle |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2284199A (en) | 1940-01-08 | 1942-05-26 | Anton F Greiner | Torque transmitting slip joint |
US3120744A (en) | 1961-10-19 | 1964-02-11 | Chrysler Corp | Universal joint |
US3434369A (en) | 1965-08-05 | 1969-03-25 | Bendix Corp | No-lash axially movable steering column |
FR2169475A5 (fr) * | 1972-01-26 | 1973-09-07 | Glaenzer Spicer Sa | |
DE2843935C2 (de) * | 1978-10-09 | 1981-09-17 | Uni-Cardan Ag, 5200 Siegburg | Teleskopantriebswelle |
FR2498274B1 (fr) | 1981-01-16 | 1986-04-04 | Glaenzer Spicer Sa | Accouplement telescopique a galets et ses applications |
SE450153B (sv) * | 1985-01-22 | 1987-06-09 | Ffv Affersverket | Teleskopstyrning, speciellt for overforing av vridmoment |
DE4034758C2 (de) * | 1990-11-02 | 1995-01-05 | Gkn Automotive Ag | Tripodegelenk |
US5115691A (en) | 1991-09-03 | 1992-05-26 | General Motors Corporation | Collapsible shaft assembly |
US5348512A (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1994-09-20 | Ina Bearing Company, Inc. | Friction reduced constant velocity universal joint |
FR2776038B1 (fr) * | 1998-03-16 | 2000-07-28 | Orain Ginette Deschamps | Joint homocinetique coulissant, notamment pour transmissions longitudinales |
US6425605B1 (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2002-07-30 | Neapco Inc. | Shaft assembly capable of length variation and having minimal rotational backlash and minimal sliding resistance |
-
2003
- 2003-07-03 US US10/613,337 patent/US6960139B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-15 DE DE60309793T patent/DE60309793T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-15 EP EP03077560A patent/EP1398242B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1398242A3 (fr) | 2004-10-13 |
US6960139B2 (en) | 2005-11-01 |
EP1398242A2 (fr) | 2004-03-17 |
US20040048677A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
DE60309793D1 (de) | 2007-01-04 |
DE60309793T2 (de) | 2007-09-13 |
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