EP1391860A1 - Détecteur linéaire d'incendie - Google Patents

Détecteur linéaire d'incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1391860A1
EP1391860A1 EP02018578A EP02018578A EP1391860A1 EP 1391860 A1 EP1391860 A1 EP 1391860A1 EP 02018578 A EP02018578 A EP 02018578A EP 02018578 A EP02018578 A EP 02018578A EP 1391860 A1 EP1391860 A1 EP 1391860A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
distance
smoke detector
signal
receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02018578A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Güttinger
Erwin Suter
Peter Steiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to EP02018578A priority Critical patent/EP1391860A1/fr
Publication of EP1391860A1 publication Critical patent/EP1391860A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a linear smoke detector with a transmitter for transmission of a light beam crossing a measuring section, one arranged next to the transmitter Receiver, a retroreflector arranged at a distance from the transmitter / receiver and electronics for evaluating the signal received by the receiver.
  • Such smoke detectors also known as line extinction detectors, are used in particular in large or narrow rooms, for example in corridors, warehouses and manufacturing halls and used in aircraft hangars and mounted on the walls below the ceiling.
  • the transmitter and receiver face each other and it is not a retroreflector required. For a long time, these were only used when the rooms were so short are that the minimum length of the light beam of about 10 m would otherwise not be reached, or if the side opposite the transmitter is not stable or there is no receiver installed there can be. But since the version with the retroreflector is cheaper and essential the linear smoke detectors with retroreflectors are always easier to install stronger through.
  • a laser light source has this disadvantage not, but would have an accuracy of adjustment and a stability of mechanical Require bracket that are not feasible with reasonable effort.
  • the linear smoke detectors with retroreflector also show in operation a certain susceptibility to reflections caused by objects protruding into the beam path are caused. Such items may pretend that the The light beam runs undisturbed from the transmitter to the receiver and the detector is fully functional, although the space between the object and the retroreflector from the object is covered and is therefore not “seen” by the detector.
  • every interruption of the beam must be detected in order to To ensure readiness for detection of the detector for smoke, however, the through interruption of the beam caused signals from those caused by smoke only by the Distinguish the size and the time course of the signal acquisition. Rapid beam interruptions by an object which reflects signals of the same size to the detector as the Retroreflector are very difficult to recognize because there is practically no signal decrease. If, on the other hand, the signal acquisition is very slow and possibly not steady over time takes place, such as when the beam is interrupted by an object moving in the draft, then it is not possible to distinguish it from a signal curve generated by smoke.
  • the invention is intended to improve the linear smoke detector of the type mentioned at the outset be that an object protruding into the detector beam and interrupting it both detected with certainty during installation and commissioning as well as during operation of the detector becomes.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that when evaluating the signal received by the receiver additionally a measurement of the distance traveled by the light beam Distance.
  • the setpoint of the distance can either be taken from the building plans or determined by hand measurement.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the smoke detector according to the invention is thereby characterized in that the distance measurement based on a measurement of the running time of a Transmitter emitted light pulse takes place.
  • a second preferred embodiment is characterized in that the transmitter emitted radiation and the phase relationship of the received signal with that of the emitted is compared, and that the distance measurement based on a determination the phase shift takes place between the two signals.
  • a third preferred embodiment of the smoke detector according to the invention is thereby characterized in that the radiation emitted by the transmitter (1) modulates with a frequency which corresponds to a wavelength that is not less than the distance to be measured.
  • the smoke detector shown works on the principle of extinction, i.e. the Attenuation of a light beam by smoke entering it.
  • the smoke detector is there as shown from a transmitter 1, a receiver arranged next to the transmitter 2, a retroreflector 3 opposite the transmitter / receiver and one Transmitter 1 and the receiver 2 assigned microprocessor-controlled control and evaluation electronics 4.
  • Transmitter 1, receiver 2 and electronics 4 form the actual detector M.
  • Der Transmitter 1 sends a modulated infrared beam to the retroreflector 3, which hits the Beam reflected on the receiver 2.
  • the retroreflector 3 is for example, a retroreflective prism shaped like a straight pyramid Side faces are formed by isosceles, right-angled triangles. Such a retroreflector acts on the incident light as a polarizer and rotates its plane of vibration by approximately 90 °, this angle being able to vary within a certain range.
  • the smoke detector shown is particularly for monitoring large storage and Manufacturing halls, rooms with complex ceiling constructions or art historically valuable Ceilings, covered courtyards, atrium buildings or reception halls, the distance between the actual detector M and the retroreflector 3 between 5 and 100 m and in exceptional cases even more than 100 m. With such great distances can not avoid that due to the opening angle of the emitted by the transmitter 1 Light beam Parts of the light beam arranged between detector M and retroreflector 3 Objects fall and are reflected by these towards the receiver 2. Of course would a laser light source not this disadvantage or at least in a much smaller one Have scope, but they would have an accuracy of adjustment and a stability of mechanical anchoring of detector M and retroreflector 3, which are not acceptable Effort is realizable. Only the mechanical vibrations of the walls are like this of a building so strong that the signal reaching receiver 2 is practically not can be evaluated.
  • a particularly difficult operation is the installation and commissioning of a linear smoke detector, in which the detector M and the retroreflector 3 often at a relatively large height to mount opposite walls and detectors M and retroreflector 3 exactly on top of each other are to be aligned. If, when aligning, the light beam emitted by transmitter 1 happens to be random to an object lying in front of the retroreflector 3 with a sufficiently strong reflectivity then the detector M can be mistakenly aimed at this object then takes over the function of the retroreflector. This would result in only part of the too monitoring room is monitored. If the named object is not stationary, it could shortly after commissioning due to a move or removal of the object a false alarm can be triggered.
  • the installer If the installer is installing the detector to rule out such errors, he must go to the retroreflector after commissioning 3 go and by a specific cover of this on the detector M a corresponding Try to trigger the signal. It is only when this signal occurs that you can be sure that the Detector M is actually aligned with the retroreflector 3. With appropriate mounting height installing and commissioning the detector can be a very complex procedure his.
  • each interruption of the light beam must be interrupted by one in the beam path located object can be detected to ensure the full functionality of the detector to ensure.
  • such objects can be sized and timed
  • the course of the decrease in the received signal can be recognized. But if that is in the beam path projecting object reflects about the same signal to the receiver 2 as the retroreflector 3, the beam interruption can hardly be recognized because there is no signal decrease. And if the signal acquisition is very slow and possibly also discontinuous, because, for example is caused by an object moving in the breeze, then there is a distinction hardly possible from the waveform generated by smoke.
  • any interruption of the light beam by an object protruding into it with certainty To be able to detect, the distance covered by the light beam in the detector shown measured.
  • a suitable method would be the one used in distance measuring devices Measurement of the flight time ("time of flight"), in which the transmitter emits a very short light pulse Duration sent out and the time until its return is measured. Since the terms already at medium distances between the transmitter and the retroreflector, the implementation would be very short this method in a linear smoke detector is very complex.
  • infrared light emitted by the transmitter 1 is modulated with a frequency which corresponds to a wavelength ⁇ m which is not less than the maximum distance to be measured.
  • the transmission is continuous or quasi-continuous (packet of modulation periods of sufficient length) and the received, reflected signal is compared with the transmission phase and the phase shift between the transmission and reception signals is measured.
  • the phase measurement can be implemented using various known methods. So can For example, the received signal is compared to a square wave using a comparator transform with constant amplitude and digitally multiply it with the transmitted signal. This However, methods known as EXOR fail with a very small received signal. In another method, which uses a so-called lock-in amplifier Quadrature used, the received signal is once with the transmit signal and once with the multiplied by 90 ° shifted transmission signal. The projection is viewed vectorially on the x- and y-axis of the transmission signal space determines what can be derived from the corresponding Angle function in the microprocessor can calculate the phase position of the received signal.
  • a commissioning device is available for the installation of detector M, which has, among other things, an external response indicator that can be connected to the detector and an adjustment set for aligning detector M with reflector 3.
  • the response indicator only responds if, on the one hand, the phase measurement results in a match between the measured distance d r and the target distance, and on the other hand the amplitude of the received signal is in a certain range. If the response indicator does not respond, the detector is not aimed at the retroreflector but at a differently reflecting object, which has a different distance from the detector and / or a different reflectivity than the retroreflector.
  • any interruption in the light beam is recognized on the basis of the deviation of the measured distance d r from its setpoint.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
EP02018578A 2002-08-19 2002-08-19 Détecteur linéaire d'incendie Withdrawn EP1391860A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02018578A EP1391860A1 (fr) 2002-08-19 2002-08-19 Détecteur linéaire d'incendie

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02018578A EP1391860A1 (fr) 2002-08-19 2002-08-19 Détecteur linéaire d'incendie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1391860A1 true EP1391860A1 (fr) 2004-02-25

Family

ID=30775814

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02018578A Withdrawn EP1391860A1 (fr) 2002-08-19 2002-08-19 Détecteur linéaire d'incendie

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1391860A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2043069A1 (fr) 2007-09-28 2009-04-01 Siemens Building Technologies Fire & Security Products GmbH & Co. oHG Dispositif destiné à la surveillance d'une alerte d'incendie et procédé de configuration et alerte d'incendie
DE102012214357A1 (de) 2012-08-13 2014-02-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmeldevorrichtung
CN107358779A (zh) * 2017-08-21 2017-11-17 北大青鸟环宇消防设备股份有限公司 一种线型光束感烟火灾探测器

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0472039A2 (fr) * 1990-08-23 1992-02-26 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour la détection d'incendie
US5889490A (en) * 1996-08-05 1999-03-30 Wachter; Eric A. Method and apparatus for improved ranging

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0472039A2 (fr) * 1990-08-23 1992-02-26 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour la détection d'incendie
US5889490A (en) * 1996-08-05 1999-03-30 Wachter; Eric A. Method and apparatus for improved ranging

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2043069A1 (fr) 2007-09-28 2009-04-01 Siemens Building Technologies Fire & Security Products GmbH & Co. oHG Dispositif destiné à la surveillance d'une alerte d'incendie et procédé de configuration et alerte d'incendie
DE102012214357A1 (de) 2012-08-13 2014-02-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmeldevorrichtung
CN107358779A (zh) * 2017-08-21 2017-11-17 北大青鸟环宇消防设备股份有限公司 一种线型光束感烟火灾探测器

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