EP1388867A1 - Electrical cable - Google Patents
Electrical cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1388867A1 EP1388867A1 EP03291690A EP03291690A EP1388867A1 EP 1388867 A1 EP1388867 A1 EP 1388867A1 EP 03291690 A EP03291690 A EP 03291690A EP 03291690 A EP03291690 A EP 03291690A EP 1388867 A1 EP1388867 A1 EP 1388867A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electrical cable
- cable according
- adhesion promoter
- extruded
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/1875—Multi-layer sheaths
- H01B7/188—Inter-layer adherence promoting means
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical cable according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing an electrical cable according to the preamble of Claim 6.
- WO 02/15202 describes a cable that can be laid in water and in a humid environment known with polyethylene sheath, which encloses a cable core and on one Fire protection layer is extruded.
- the material of the fire protection layer is heavy flammable, adheres well to the polyethylene jacket and is halogen-free.
- the fire protection layer is made flame retardant by adding special flame retardant fillers or additives to an ethylene copolymer achieved.
- the polyethylene jacket and the fire protection layer are made in one step manufactured.
- Base material is an ethylene copolymer
- only a little adhesion with one Sheath surface made of polyethylene when the sheath layer and the highly filled Mixture can be extruded in two steps.
- the cladding and the fire protection layer is a good bond between the two Layers can be achieved, but it is because of the high melt temperature during processing of the HDPE on flame retardants commonly used for cable jackets to resort to, whose flame retardant reaction sets in at temperatures that is above the melt temperature of the HDPE.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object, the known cable to improve in that the outer fire protection layer is an essential improved property in the event of fire and improved adhesion to the has underlying polyethylene sheath, and there is the possibility almost all commercially available halogen-free flame retardant materials use.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 Exemplary embodiments explained in more detail.
- Figure 1 shows a side section through a cable according to the teaching of the invention.
- the cable has a cable core 1 which, for example, insulates one or more may have electrical conductors.
- the electrical conductors have an inner one in addition to insulation and an outer conductive layer.
- the cable core 1 is surrounded by a cable jacket 2, which consists of a first inner Layer 2a consists of polyethylene and a second outer layer 2b, which is flame retardant and made from a highly filled thermoplastic There is a plastic mixture.
- This third layer 2c consists of an adhesion promoter, which is an intimate connection between the first and second layers.
- the material of the first layer is pure polyethylene with no additives worth mentioning.
- This mixture has an oxygen index of 25 - 36%.
- the third layer is a copolymer of ethylene, which, for example, under the Trade name Lotryl 18 MA 02 is available.
- the copolymer is preferably a Dye masterbatch added, which, for. B. under the trade name Plasblack PE 4470 is available.
- the mixing ratio is approximately 99 parts copolymer to 1 part Dye masterbatch.
- the first and third layers are preferably coextruded onto the Extruded cable core.
- the second layer can be applied immediately in the same work step extrude the still warm third layer. But it is also possible the second Apply layer in a subsequent operation.
- the third layer can also be made from a film by longitudinal laying or winding Copolymer of ethylene can be generated on the first layer.
- the film is sealed due to the heat of extrusion generated by the extrusion of the second layer with the first as well as with the second layer.
- Figure 2 shows a side view of a manufacturing facility.
- the cable core 1 running from a storage drum 3 becomes a first extruder 4 fed.
- the extruder 4 is a so-called coextrusion extruder, which has a first Screw 4a is the material of the first layer and, via a second screw 4b, that Material of the third layer is fed. Layers 2a and 2c are shown in concentric arrangement the mouthpiece 4c of the extruder 4 fed.
- the cable core provided with layers 2a and 2c now arrives in a second Extruder 5, which extrudes the second layer 2b onto the third layer 2c. That now Finished cable 6 is fed to a cooling basin 7 and onto a cable drum 8 wound.
- the extrusion speed of the second extruder 5 can be less than 50% of the extrusion speed of the extruder 4, it can be advantageous to apply the second layer 2b in a separate operation.
Landscapes
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Kabel nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1
sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Kabels nach dem Oberbegriff des
Anspruchs 6.The invention relates to an electrical cable according to the preamble of
Aus der WO 02/15202 ist ein im Wasser und in feuchter Umgebung verlegbares Kabel mit Polyethylenmantel bekannt, welcher eine Kabelseele umschließt und auf den eine Brandschutzschicht extrudiert ist. Das Material der Brandschutzschicht ist schwer entflammbar, haftet gut auf dem Polyethylenmantel und ist halogenfrei. Die Schwerentflammbarkeit der Brandschutzschicht wird durch Zugabe von speziellen flammhemmenden Füllstoffen bzw. Zusatzstoffen zu einem Ethylen Copolymer erreicht. Der Polyethylenmantel und die Brandschutzschicht werden in einem Arbeitsschritt hergestellt.WO 02/15202 describes a cable that can be laid in water and in a humid environment known with polyethylene sheath, which encloses a cable core and on one Fire protection layer is extruded. The material of the fire protection layer is heavy flammable, adheres well to the polyethylene jacket and is halogen-free. The The fire protection layer is made flame retardant by adding special flame retardant fillers or additives to an ethylene copolymer achieved. The polyethylene jacket and the fire protection layer are made in one step manufactured.
In vielen Anwendungsfällen z. B. bei der Verlegung von Mittelspannungskabeln in U-Bahnschächten wird ein hoher Sauerstoffindex des Mantelmaterials von über 25 % gefordert. Darüberhinaus muß das Material des Mantels halogenfrei sein. Ein solch hoher Sauerstoffindex bzw. eine so extrem hohe Schwerentflammbarkeit bei gleichzeitiger Halogenfreiheit kann nur erreicht werden, wenn dem Mantelmaterial große Mengen von Füllstoffen zugegeben wird, wie z. B. Aluminiumtrioxyhydrat, Magnesiumhydroxid etc. Insbesondere Aluminiumtrioxyhydrat hat sich als Flammschutzmittel bewährt, da bei erhöhten Temperaturen das Kristallwasser abgespalten wird und eine Sauerstoffzufuhr zum Brandherd von außen verhindert. Hochgefüllte Kunststoffmischungen, d. h. solche, die mehr als 100 Teile Füllstoff auf 100 Teile Basismaterial haben, sind zwar extrudierbar, gehen aber selbst dann, wenn das Basismaterial ein Ethylen Copolymer ist, nur eine geringe Haftung mit einer Manteloberfläche aus Polyethylen ein, wenn die Mantelschicht und die hochgefüllte Mischung in zwei Arbeitsschritten extrudiert werden. Bei einer gemeinsamen Extrusion der Mantel- und der Brandschutzschicht ist zwar eine gute Haftung zwischen den beiden Schichten erzielbar, es ist aber wegen der hohen Massetemperatur bei der Verarbeitung des für Kabelmäntel üblicherweise verwendeten HDPE auf Flammschutzmittel zurückzugreifen, deren flammhemmende Reaktion bei Temperaturen einsetzt, die oberhalb der Massetemperatur des HDPE liegt.In many applications, e.g. B. when laying medium-voltage cables in subway shafts a high oxygen index of the jacket material of over 25% required. In addition, the material of the jacket must be halogen-free. Such high oxygen index or extremely high flammability simultaneous freedom from halogen can only be achieved if the sheath material large amounts of fillers are added, e.g. B. aluminum trioxy hydrate, Magnesium hydroxide etc. In particular aluminum trioxy hydrate has proven to be Flame retardants have proven their worth, since at high temperatures the water of crystallization is split off and an oxygen supply to the source of the fire is prevented from the outside. Filled plastic compounds, i.e. H. those containing more than 100 parts of filler per 100 Parts of the base material can be extruded, but they work even if that is the case Base material is an ethylene copolymer, only a little adhesion with one Sheath surface made of polyethylene when the sheath layer and the highly filled Mixture can be extruded in two steps. With a common extrusion the cladding and the fire protection layer is a good bond between the two Layers can be achieved, but it is because of the high melt temperature during processing of the HDPE on flame retardants commonly used for cable jackets to resort to, whose flame retardant reaction sets in at temperatures that is above the melt temperature of the HDPE.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt von daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, das bekannte Kabel dahingehend zu verbessern, daß die äußere Brandschutzschicht eine wesentlich verbesserte Eigenschaft im Brandfalle und eine verbesserte Haftung zum darunterliegenden Polyethylenmantel aufweist, sowie die Möglichkeit gegeben ist, nahezu sämtlich im Handel erhältlichen halogenfreien Flammschutzmaterialien einzusetzen.The present invention is therefore based on the object, the known cable to improve in that the outer fire protection layer is an essential improved property in the event of fire and improved adhesion to the has underlying polyethylene sheath, and there is the possibility almost all commercially available halogen-free flame retardant materials use.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 erfaßten Merkmale
gelöst.This object is achieved by the features recorded in the characterizing part of
Durch die Verwendung eines zusätzlichen Haftvermittlers zwischen dem Polyethylenmantel und der äußeren Brandschutzschicht wird trotz eines hohen Füllgrades eine gute Haftung erreicht.By using an additional bonding agent between the Polyethylene jacket and the outer fire protection layer is despite a high degree of filling good adhesion achieved.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen erfaßt.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are covered in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung ist anhand der in den Figuren 1 und 2 schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The invention is illustrated schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2 Exemplary embodiments explained in more detail.
Figur 1 zeigt einen seitlichen Schnitt durch ein Kabel nach der Lehre der Erfindung. Figure 1 shows a side section through a cable according to the teaching of the invention.
Das Kabel weist eine Kabelseele 1 auf, die beispielsweise einen oder mehrere isolierte
elektrische Leiter aufweisen kann. Im Falle eines Mittel- oder Hochspannungskabels
weisen die elektrischen Leiter wie an sich bekannt zusätzlich zur Isolierung eine innere
und eine äußere Leitschicht auf. Über der äußeren Leitschicht kann noch eine metallische
Abschirmung vorgesehen sein.The cable has a
Die Kabelseele 1 ist von einem Kabelmantel 2 umgeben, der aus einer ersten inneren
Schicht 2a aus Polyethylen sowie einer zweiten äußeren Schicht 2b besteht, welche
schwerentflammbar ist und aus einer hochgefüllten thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren
Kunststoffmischung besteht. Zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Schicht ist eine dritte
Schicht 2c vorgesehen, welche die äußere Oberfläche der Schicht 2a vollflächig bedeckt.
Diese dritte Schicht 2c besteht aus einem Haftvermittler, welche eine innige Verbindung
zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Schicht herstellt.The
Die Wanddicken der Schichten betragen vorteilhafterweise
Das Material der ersten Schicht ist reines Polyethylen ohne nennenswerte Zusätze.The material of the first layer is pure polyethylene with no additives worth mentioning.
Die zweite Schicht setzt sich beispielsweise zusammen aus:
Diese Mischung weist einen Sauerstoffindex von 25 - 36 % auf.This mixture has an oxygen index of 25 - 36%.
Die dritte Schicht ist ein Copolymer des Ethylens, welches beispielsweise unter dem Handelsnamen Lotryl 18 MA 02 erhältlich ist. Dem Copolymer wird vorzugsweise ein Farbstoffmasterbatch zugegeben, welcher z. B. unter dem Handelsnamen Plasblack PE 4470 erhältlich ist. Das Mischungsverhältnis beträgt in etwa 99 Teile Copolymer zu 1 Teil Farbstoffmasterbatch.The third layer is a copolymer of ethylene, which, for example, under the Trade name Lotryl 18 MA 02 is available. The copolymer is preferably a Dye masterbatch added, which, for. B. under the trade name Plasblack PE 4470 is available. The mixing ratio is approximately 99 parts copolymer to 1 part Dye masterbatch.
Die erste und die dritte Schicht werden vorzugsweise im Coextrusionsverfahren auf die Kabelseele aufextrudiert. Die zweite Schicht kann im selben Arbeitsgang unmittelbar auf die noch warme dritte Schicht aufextrudiert werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, die zweite Schicht in einem nachfolgenden Arbeitsgang aufzubringen.The first and third layers are preferably coextruded onto the Extruded cable core. The second layer can be applied immediately in the same work step extrude the still warm third layer. But it is also possible the second Apply layer in a subsequent operation.
Die dritte Schicht kann auch durch Längsauflegen oder Aufwickeln einer Folie aus einem Copolymer des Ethylens auf die erste Schicht erzeugt werden. Die Folie verschweißt infolge der durch die Extrusion der zweiten Schicht entstehende Extrusionswärme sowohl mit der ersten als auch mit der zweiten Schicht.The third layer can also be made from a film by longitudinal laying or winding Copolymer of ethylene can be generated on the first layer. The film is sealed due to the heat of extrusion generated by the extrusion of the second layer with the first as well as with the second layer.
Die Figur 2 zeigt eine seitliche Ansicht einer Fertigungseinrichtung.Figure 2 shows a side view of a manufacturing facility.
Die von einer Vorratstrommel 3 ablaufende Kabelseele 1 wird einem ersten Extruder 4
zugeführt. Der Extruder 4 ist ein sogenannter Coextrusionsextruder, dem über eine erste
Schnecke 4a das Material der ersten Schicht und über eine zweite Schnecke 4b das
Material der dritten Schicht zugeführt wird. Die Schichten 2a und 2c werden in
konzentrischer Anordnung dem Mundstück 4c des Extruders 4 zugeleitet.The
Die mit den Schichten 2a und 2c versehene Kabelseele gelangt nun in einem zweiten
Extruder 5, welcher die zweite Schicht 2b auf die dritte Schicht 2c extrudiert. Das nun
fertige Kabel 6 wird einem Kühlbecken 7 zugeführt und auf eine Kabeltrommel 8
aufgewickelt. The cable core provided with
Da wegen des hohen Füllgrades die Extrusionsgeschwindigkeit des zweiten Extruders 5
weniger als 50 % der Extrusionsgeschwindigkeit des Extruders 4 betragen kann, kann es
von Vorteil sein, die zweite Schicht 2b in einem gesonderten Arbeitsgang aufzubringen.Because of the high degree of filling, the extrusion speed of the second extruder 5
can be less than 50% of the extrusion speed of the
An einer Probe des fertigen Kabels wurde die Haftung zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Schicht in Anlehnung an IEC. 19.21 gemessen und ein Wert von 21 N ermittelt.On a sample of the finished cable, the adhesion between the first and the second layer based on IEC. 19.21 measured and a value of 21 N determined.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10236288 | 2002-08-08 | ||
DE10236288A DE10236288A1 (en) | 2002-08-08 | 2002-08-08 | Electric cable |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1388867A1 true EP1388867A1 (en) | 2004-02-11 |
EP1388867B1 EP1388867B1 (en) | 2007-08-01 |
Family
ID=30128769
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03291690A Expired - Lifetime EP1388867B1 (en) | 2002-08-08 | 2003-06-08 | Electrical cable |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1388867B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE368927T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10236288A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1388867T3 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2870542A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-11-25 | Nexans Sa | Fire resistant composition, useful in the domain of the energy cables or telecommunication comprises a polymer and an argillaceous charge having sepiolite base |
US7495174B2 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2009-02-24 | Autonetworks Technologies, Limited | Coated Electric Wire |
CN104599768A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-05-06 | 沈群华 | Luminous cable |
EP2979839A1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-03 | Schneider Electric Industries SAS | Plastic extrusions having an adhesive flame-retardant coating and method for preparing same |
CN112397228A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-02-23 | 江苏亨通电力电缆有限公司 | B1-level single-phase alternating-current cable for electrified railway and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4514036A (en) * | 1980-10-10 | 1985-04-30 | Raydex International Limited | Cable having a laminated plastic insulating sheath |
JPS6378409A (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-04-08 | 株式会社フジクラ | Sheath formation for cable |
DE10131569A1 (en) * | 2000-08-12 | 2002-02-21 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Cable with a polyethylene sheath and method for producing a cable |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3537221A1 (en) * | 1985-10-17 | 1987-04-23 | Siemens Ag | FLAME RETARDANT AND HALOGEN-FREE TRAINED INSULATION |
AU606179B2 (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1991-01-31 | Kendall Company, The | An adhesive tape |
ES2077424T3 (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1995-11-16 | Dow Chemical Co | ELASTOMER BARRIER FILMS FOR ROOFS. |
DE19517392A1 (en) * | 1995-05-11 | 1996-11-14 | Siemens Ag | Optical cable with heat-resistant protective layer |
DE19620963A1 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1997-11-27 | Alcatel Kabel Ag | Fire-proof electrical cable or fire-proof electrical wire and method of manufacture |
EP1043733B1 (en) * | 1999-04-03 | 2004-08-25 | Pirelli & C. S.p.A. | Self-extinguishing cable with low-level production of fumes, and flame-retardant composition used therein |
-
2002
- 2002-08-08 DE DE10236288A patent/DE10236288A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-06-08 AT AT03291690T patent/ATE368927T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-08 EP EP03291690A patent/EP1388867B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-08 DK DK03291690T patent/DK1388867T3/en active
- 2003-06-08 DE DE50307802T patent/DE50307802D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4514036A (en) * | 1980-10-10 | 1985-04-30 | Raydex International Limited | Cable having a laminated plastic insulating sheath |
JPS6378409A (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-04-08 | 株式会社フジクラ | Sheath formation for cable |
DE10131569A1 (en) * | 2000-08-12 | 2002-02-21 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Cable with a polyethylene sheath and method for producing a cable |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198820, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A32, AN 1988-136526, XP002264711 * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2870542A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-11-25 | Nexans Sa | Fire resistant composition, useful in the domain of the energy cables or telecommunication comprises a polymer and an argillaceous charge having sepiolite base |
US7495174B2 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2009-02-24 | Autonetworks Technologies, Limited | Coated Electric Wire |
EP2979839A1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-03 | Schneider Electric Industries SAS | Plastic extrusions having an adhesive flame-retardant coating and method for preparing same |
FR3024388A1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-05 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | EXTRUDED PIECES OF PLASTIC MATERIAL COMPRISING AN ADHESIVE FIRE RETARDANT COATING AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF |
CN104599768A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-05-06 | 沈群华 | Luminous cable |
CN104599768B (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2017-01-25 | 国网山东省电力公司沂水县供电公司 | Luminous cable |
CN112397228A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-02-23 | 江苏亨通电力电缆有限公司 | B1-level single-phase alternating-current cable for electrified railway and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50307802D1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
DK1388867T3 (en) | 2007-10-29 |
DE10236288A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
ATE368927T1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
EP1388867B1 (en) | 2007-08-01 |
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