EP1388605A2 - Piston press - Google Patents

Abstract

The internal upper region of the annular wall (33) includes a holder. This corresponds with a clamping ring (37) around the upper edge of the annular wall.

Description

The invention relates to a piston press for squeezing out liquids in particular Laundry according to the preamble of claim 1 or 7.

Piston presses of the type mentioned here serve to liquids from moist or to remove wet pressed material. Preferably find such piston presses in Laundry for draining laundry of all kinds use. Washed laundry is in the piston press of a large part of the still bound liquid, the so-called bound liquor, freed by putting the liquid from under the wash high pressure of the piston press is pressed out. Then we the so mostly dried from the bound liquor dried laundry.

The piston press has for the purpose mentioned under a punch plate an elastic deformable, preferably filled with water cushion body. One to the top a heap of the laundry directed bottom surface of the cushion body, the Technical jargon is referred to as "membrane" is, when squeezing the liquid from the Wash to the contour of the top of the laundry pile customizable by the Membrane elastically deformed under pressure. This will cause an uneven load the laundry when squeezing the liquid and the risk of it caused Damage to the laundry avoided.

In known piston presses, the cushion body next to the membrane has a cylinder-like Ring wall on. The annular wall is integrally connected to the membrane. For this purpose, the annular wall is arranged above the membrane and surrounds the outer (cylindrical) edge of the membrane. The ring wall is at its upper free end circumferentially and preferably liquid-tight with the die plate of the reciprocating press connected, and indeed solvable. In known piston presses, it often happens Destruction of the highly loaded padded body. Mostly the ring wall tears, and in particular in the area of the connection of the cushion body with the Stamp plate. The upholstery body must therefore in known piston presses in more or less regularly spaced.

On this basis, the invention has the object, a piston press the in the aforementioned type, in particular with regard to the life of the cushion body improve.

A piston press to solve this problem has the features of claim 1. Accordingly, the upper edge of the ring wall is on its inside with at least a holding means provided. The from the inside against the upper edge of the ring wall pressing clamping ring is assigned to this at least one holding means, wherein preferably the clamping ring corresponds to the holding means. In this type of Fixing the upper edge of the ring wall of the cushion body to the stamp plate the press ram becomes a particularly durable connection of the cushion body reached with the press stamp. By the action of the clamping ring on the Holding means on the inside of the ring wall will damage the ring wall during operation of the piston press, in particular damage in the Connection of the cushion body with the stamp plate, and also the risk of cracks in the annular wall of the cushion body significantly reduced. The life of the upholstery body is thereby increased in the piston press according to the invention.

Furthermore, it is provided that the holding means on the inside of the annular wall opposite outside of the ring wall all or at least in the upper Unprofiled or smooth area. The outer surface of the ring wall has thereby no profiling, in particular no holding means. It has been shown that thereby the ring wall of the cushion body is particularly resistant and Consequently, it has a relatively long life.

Preferably corresponds to the smooth, unprofiled outside of the annular wall a smooth contact surface of the upper portion of the annular wall of the cushion body the stamp plate. Thereby, the upper portion of the outside of the annular wall of the Padded body frictionally or non-positively held on the stamp plate, but not form-fitting. It has been shown that this also the life of the cushion body is enlarged. This is especially true when the contact surface of the upper Area of the outside of the ring wall on the stamp plate slightly opposite to Vertical obliquely directed, and to the membrane of the cushion body obliquely running outside.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, this is at least the only holding means on the inside of the upper portion of the annular wall as a circumferential, formed beaded projection. The clamping ring is one with this bead-like Projection (bead) associated with corresponding circumferential recess. This will the upper portion of the annular wall of the cushion body from the inside of a form-fitting manner connected via the clamping ring with the stamp plate. About the inside, circumferential bead and the appropriately designed clamping ring is a special effective and gentle introduction of force into the upholstery body brought about. That is true in particular, when the transition of the bead to the underlying area of the Rounded inside the ring wall, in particular a pronounced rounding having.

Another piston press to solve the aforementioned problem, wherein it is also be a preferred development of the piston press described above can, has the features of claim 7. Due to the fact that the ring wall has an in Direction has to be added to the stamp plate wall thickness, there is a relatively uniform force distribution over the ring wall. That goes for both the forces that occur when the cushion body is loaded as well as for forces generated by the Clamping ring to be exercised on the upper edge of the ring wall, if hereby the Padded body is clamped to the stamp plate.

Preferably, the wall thickness of the annular wall increases in the direction of the stamp plate continuously too. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wall thickness decreases the annular wall over its entire height from the membrane to the circumferential Bead at the upper end to continuously. It has been shown that thereby a surprisingly uniform force distribution over the entire annular wall can be achieved.

When unloaded cushion body is an upper portion of the outside of the longitudinal wall cylindrically shaped, that is, this part of the annular wall is perpendicular. On lower part of the outside of the ring wall is in contrast to the Vertical slanted, in such a way that the outer diameter of the annular wall toward the membrane, ie to the bottom of the cushion body, slightly increases. The Inside the ring wall has in contrast a completely oblique to Vertical directed course, in such a way that the inside diameter of the cushioning body starting from the bottom, namely the membrane, to the bead at the top the ring wall becomes smaller.

The entire cushion body is made of an elastomer. These are preferably a natural rubber or a synthetic rubber made with ethylene-propylene-diene-polymethylene (EPDM) is blended. Also the targeted material selection For the upholstery body causes this high loads permanently withstand.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht der Kolbenpresse,

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch einen Polsterkörper im unbelasteten Zustand,

Fig. 3

eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Vertikalschnitts durch eine Ringwandung des Polsterkörpers der Fig. 2, und

Fig. 4

einen Halbschnitt durch eine Stempelplatte mit dem darunter festgeklemmten Polsterkörper.

A preferred embodiment of the piston press according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In this show:

Fig. 1

a schematic side view of the piston press,

Fig. 2

a cross section through a cushion body in the unloaded state,

Fig. 3

an enlarged view of a vertical section through an annular wall of the cushion body of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 4

a half-section through a stamp plate with the padded body clamped underneath.

The piston press shown in the figures is used in washed laundry contained liquid, namely the so-called bound fleet, as far as possible from the To squeeze out laundry 11.

The piston press 10 has a lower, planar base 12, the area perforated by a grid of continuous drainage holes 13 having. On the upper side 14 of the base 12, in the region of the drainage holes 13 a liquid-permeable upper strand of a conveyor be arranged whereby the laundry 11 weggetrportierbar after dehydration of the piston press 10 is. On the base 12 a plurality, preferably four, vertical columns are arranged. Upper ends and end portions of the columns 15 are connected by a press yoke 16. The press yoke 16 preferably carries in the center a press ram 17. The press ram 17 is formed from a pressure yoke 16 attached to the pressure cylinder 18, in particular a hydraulic cylinder whose piston rod 19 down through the Press yoke 16 is passed. At the lower end, the piston rod 19 a fixed with the same connected stamp plate 20. The stamp plate 20 is preferably cylindrically shaped and has a circular, horizontal underside 21st

The stamp plate 20 is associated with a press basket 22. The usually cylindrical Press basket 22 is fully open at the top and at the bottom. With the open Bottom of the press basket 22 rests during the dewatering of the laundry 11 on the Top 14 of the base 12 and the top strand of the conveyor arranged thereon. The drainage holes 13 extend at least over the area of circular press basket 22. The press basket 22 is through at least one other Pressure medium cylinder 23, preferably a hydraulic cylinder, raisable and lowerable. When the press basket 22 is raised its open bottom 21 from the top 14 of the Socket 12 moved away. The or each pressure cylinder 23 is with its piston part 24th attached under the press yoke 16. An up and down movable piston rod 25 of the or each pressure cylinder 23 is fixed to the side wall of the press basket 22 connected support arm 26 hinged.

The press basket 22 is formed in several parts in the piston press 10 shown here. Of the Press basket 22 is composed of a press basket bottom 27 and a press basket top 28. The basket bottom 27 is substantially as a thick-walled Cylinder with fully open upper and lower end side formed. The lower one End face of the press basket bottom part 27 forms the underside 21 of the press basket 22 and lies Accordingly, on the top 14 of the base 12. The height of the press basket is divided 27 formed so that only herein the squeezing of the water from the Laundry 11 is performed by the ram 17. The press basket top 28 is with a Sheath body made of thin sheet metal. Also the two front sides of the Press basket top 28 are fully open. At the lower end this rests Press basket upper part 28 on the molding basket bottom part 27, wherein the inner diameter of the Press basket top 28 either the inner diameter of the basket bottom part 27th is equal to or slightly larger. The inner diameter of the basket bottom part 27 and the press basket top 28 are slightly larger than the outer diameter of the Stamp plate 20 of the ram 17 so that this zwängungsfrei in the press basket 22nd in and out of it. The upper portion of the press basket top 28 is in the embodiment shown (FIG. 1) slightly larger than the lower part of the Press basket portion 28 dimensioned, wherein on one side (in Fig. 1, the left side) of the upper part of the press basket upper part 28 has a lateral widening. This corresponds to a loading chute 29 shown only schematically in FIG. About the loading chute 29 is to be drained laundry 11 at hochgefahrenem Press punch 17 in the press basket 22 hineinförder. The upper part of the press basket serves for this purpose 28 essentially only to guide the laundry 11, so that targeted in the Press basket bottom 27 passes, in which subsequently the drainage of the laundry 11th takes place.

The ram 17 has an elastic at the bottom 21 of the punch plate 20 deformable cushion body 31. The cushion body 31 is connected by a clamping ring 37 releasably secured under the die plate 20, and in particular also liquid-tight. The cushion body 31 is pot-shaped. A closed, cylindrical lower one Wall of the cushion body 31 is formed as a membrane 32. The circular one Edge of the membrane 32 is surrounded by an at least partially cylindrical ring wall 33. The annular wall 33 is integrally connected to the membrane 32, wherein the annular wall 33 surrounds an outer edge of the membrane 32. An upper edge 34 the annular wall 33 rests under the stamp plate 20. At the same time, the upper one surrounds Edge 34 of the annular wall 33 is a full-surface, cylindrical upper opening 35 of the Upholstery body 31. This upper opening 35 of the cushion body 31 is closed through a part of the stamp plate 20. Due to the liquid-tight connection between the upper edge 34 of the cushion body 31 and the underside of the stamp plate 20 is formed in the cushion body 31, a liquid-tight cavity 36. This cavity 36 is preferably completely filled with a liquid, in particular water, whereby upon depression of the press ram 17 in the press basket 22 located laundry 11 of the cavity 36 is maintained, so the membrane 32 is not for Plant passes under the flat punch plate 20. The membrane 32 of the cushion body 31, however, is elastically deformable due to the liquid in the cavity 36. This can the membrane 32 the usually irregular course of the laundry 11 in Adjust press basket 22, as shown by way of example in FIG. 1 (dash-dot-lined) is indicated.

In accordance with the invention special way is an upper end portion of the cushion body 31st releasably connected to the underside 21 of the die plate 20 by a clamping ring 37. For this purpose, the inside of the annular wall 33 is provided with a circumferential bead 38 (where appropriate, several beads may be present). The bead 38 is located in the upper end of the annular wall 33, and with a small distance from the upper edge 34 of the same. In cross section, the bead 38 is approximately semicircular educated. In this case, the bead 38 has a radius between 6 mm and 12 mm. Preferably, this radius is about 9 mm. At the top closes to the Bead 38 a chamfer 39, the upper edge 34 of the annular wall 33 back goes to the outside. At the bottom of the bead 38 is a rounding 40 as Transition to lying below the bead 38 inner surface of the annular wall 33rd Die Rounding 40 is particularly pronounced according to the invention, namely has a Radius of 3 mm to 8 mm, preferably about 4 mm. With the inside, so the vertical longitudinal center axis 43 of the cushion body 31 protruding bead 38 corresponds one of the bead 38 dressed outside of the clamping ring 37. These features the Outside of the clamping ring 37 in the lower region via an outwardly projecting, circumferential projection 41. This projection 41 goes on its upper side by means of a Rounding over in a substantially cylindrical portion of the clamping ring 37th Above the with a rounding in the cylindrical portion of the clamping ring 37th passing projection 41 is the bead 38, at least a lower half the bead 38 (Fig. 4) on the outside of the ring wall 33 inside associated Clamping ring 37 on ..

The bead 38 on the inside of the Rinwandung 33 opposite the outside the annular wall 33 is unprofiled, that is formed substantially smooth. One from the the upper edge 34 of the annular wall 33 outgoing upper region thereof is the same on a likewise unprofiled, smooth support wall 42 of the stamp plate 20 at. This Supporting wall 42 is slightly inclined relative to the vertical, in fact, that the support wall 42 to the membrane 32 of the cushion body 31 towards at a distance from Increased longitudinal center axis 43 of the ram 17, ie increases in diameter.

To connect the cushion body 31 with the stamp plate 20, the stamp plate 20 an outgoing from its bottom 21 annular groove 44. An outer wall of the Ring groove 44 is formed by the inclined support wall 42, at which the upper End portion of the outside of the cushion body 31 is supported. The width of the annular groove 44 is so dimensioned that in this both the upper portion of the annular wall 33 of the Cushion body 31 and the clamping ring 37 is recording. Here, the upper surrounds Area of the annular wall 33 of the cushion body 31 smaller in diameter sized clamping ring 37. The annular groove 44 and the clamping ring 37 are dimensioned that between the outer periphery of the clamping ring 37 with the circumferential projection 41 and the circumferential inclined support wall 42 to the outside boundary of the Ring groove 44 of the upper portion of the annular wall 33 of the membrane 32 force and is clamped form-fitting manner. In this case, the upper end region of the annular wall 33 is replaced from the clamping ring 37 such a bias that a liquid-tight connection between the cushion body 31 and the stamp plate 20 comes about, this being Connection is still sufficiently liquid-tight, if during the Squeezing the liquid from the laundry 11 in the cavity 36 of the cushion body 31 is located liquid under high pressure.

The clamping ring 37 is releasable by a corresponding number of screws 45 with the Stamp plate 20 connected. In this case, the clamping ring 37 by the screws 45 with Bias against an annular horizontal bottom surface of the annular groove 44th screwed.

By the described releasable attachment of the cushion body 31 under the stamp plate 20 it comes to a positive and preferably in addition frictionally holding the inside of the upper end portion of the annular wall 33rd by the attacking from the inside of the cushion body 31 to the annular wall 33 Clamping ring 37. On the opposite outer side is the upper end of the Ring wall 33 only frictionally engaged on the inclined support wall 42 of the annular groove 44 in the bottom 21 of the stamp plate 20 is held. This friction comes through it caused that the upper portion of the annular wall 33 is pressed outwards when the clamping ring 37 is screwed into the annular groove 44. In addition, by the Positive locking between the bead 38 on the inside of the upper edge of the Ring wall 33 of the cushion body 31 and the projection 41 on the clamping ring 37 of the upper edge 34 of the annular wall 33 against the horizontal annular surface of the annular groove 44th pressed and thereby in particular a sealing acting vertical Preload the ring wall 33 brought about.

In accordance with the invention special way, the cushion body 31 is also formed. For this purpose, especially the annular wall 33 of the cushion body 31 has a special Layout. In the unloaded state of the cushion body 31 (Figures 2 and 3) has the Ring wall 33 starting from the subsequent to the membrane 32 bottom to to the bead 38 below the upper edge 34 via a continuously increasing Wall thickness. The increase in wall thickness from the membrane 32 to the bead 38 can between 30% and 70% of the minimum (bottom) wall thickness. Preferably lies the wall thickness increase between 45% and 55%. In the illustrated embodiment increases the wall thickness by about 50%.

The increase in the wall thickness of the annular wall 33 from the membrane 32 to the bottom the bead 38 is predominantly caused by a (in unloaded and still not mounted cushion body 31) oblique course of the inside of the annular wall 33rd The inner diameter of the cushion body 31 thereby assumes, starting from the Membrane 32 steadily up to the bead 38 from. This gives the inner surface of the Ring wall 33 a frusto-conical shape (Fig. 3). The outside of the Ring wall 33 is at unloaded and not yet under the stamp plate 20th mounted cushion body 31, starting from a slope at the upper edge 34 of the Ring wall 33 initially in the upper region 46 with a cylindrical course Provided. In a lower region 47 then receives the outside of the annular wall 33rd a bevel a frustoconical course, in such a way that the Outer diameter of the annular wall 33 from the bottom of the membrane 32 to the cylindrical portion of the outside of the annular wall 33 is smaller. The lower Area 47 of the outside of the annular wall 33 extends only under a relatively small angle at an angle to the vertical, at an angle between 1 ° and 3 °, preferably between 1.5 ° and 2 °. In the embodiment shown, the angle is about 1.7 °. In contrast, the inside of the annular wall 33 extends under a Angle of 3 ° to 6 ° oblique to the vertical. In the embodiment shown is this angle is about 4 ° to 4.5 °.

The upper (cylindrical) portion 46 of the outside of the annular wall 33 extends over at least half the height of the annular wall 33, preferably about 6/10 to 7/10 the height of the annular wall 33. In the illustrated embodiment, the extends larger upper (cylindrical) area 46 of the annular wall 33 over about 2/3 of the total height the annular wall 33.

The outer diameter of the cushion body 31 is selected to be at its largest Place, that is the lower end of the ring wall 33, namely where the outside of the Ring wall 33 meets the bottom of the membrane 32, has a diameter, which corresponds approximately to the diameter of the stamp plate 20, preferably some Millimeters is larger. Since the inclined support wall 42 to the outer boundary of the Ring groove 44 on the underside of the punch plate 20 with respect to the upper end the cylindrical outer side of the stamp plate 20 is offset inwardly, the upper End portion of the annular wall 33 of the cushion body 31 in the under the die plate 20th attached state on an oblique course, in such a way that the upper Edge 34 of the annular wall 33 is reduced in diameter relative to the under Stamp plate 20 protruding part of the annular wall 33 (Fig. 4). The upper area of the Ring wall 33 is thereby constricted in a frustoconical manner.

The cushion body 31 is formed of an elastomer. This is a Base material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber, which as an additive GUR, namely a high molecular weight polyethylene and / or EPDM (ethylene-polyphenylene-polymethylene) is added. Made of natural rubber or synthetic rubber formed base material of the cushion body 31 is therefore GUR and / or EPDM added, wherein the proportion of the formed from natural or synthetic rubber Base material outweighs.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

piston press

11

Laundry

12

base

13

drain hole

14

top

15

pillar

16

press yoke

17

press die

18

Pressure cylinder

19

piston rod

20

stamp plate

21

bottom

22

press basket

23

Pressure cylinder

24

piston part

25

piston rod

26

support arm

27

Press basket base

28

Press basket shell

29

loading chute

31

cushion body

32

membrane

33

annular wall

34

upper edge

35

opening

36

cavity

37

clamping ring

38

bead

39

bevel

40

rounding off

41

head Start

42

supporting wall

43

Longitudinal central axis

44

ring groove

45

screw

46

upper area (outside)

47

lower area (outside)

Claims (11)

Piston press for expressing liquids from in particular laundry (11) with a press basket (22) for receiving in particular the laundry (11), and with a press ram (17) having a stamp plate (20) and an elastic cushion body (31), wherein the upholstery body (31) has an annular wall (33) which can be fastened to an upper edge region below the stamp plate (20), characterized in that the upper region of the annular wall (33) has at least one retaining means on an inner side, which is provided with a the upper edge of the annular wall (33) surrounded clamping ring (37) corresponds. Piston press according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining means on the inside of the annular wall (33) opposite the upper region of the outer side of the annular wall (33) unprofiled, preferably smooth, is formed. Piston press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper region of the outer side of the annular wall (33) with an unprofiled, preferably smooth contact surface (support wall 42) on the stamp plate (20) corresponds. Piston press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact surface (support wall 42) extends obliquely, in particular towards an underside of the cushion body (31) to the outside, preferably at least in the region of the inclined contact surface (support wall 42) of the stamp plate (20). the outside of the annular wall (33) of the cushion body (31) after attachment of the same to the stamp plate (20) extends obliquely. Piston press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding means is formed as a circumferential bead (38) at the upper region of the inside of the annular wall (33), wherein preferably the bead (38) from the upper edge (34) of the annular wall (33 ) is slightly spaced, preferably having in particular approximately a semicircular cross-section having bead (38) has a rounded transition at least to the underlying part of the annular wall (33). Piston press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping ring (37) is associated with the inside of the annular wall (33), such that an upper end region of the annular wall (33) surrounds the clamping ring (37), preferably the clamping ring (37). is formed on its outside so that the outside of the clamping ring (37) at least partially with the bead (38) on the inside of the annular wall (33) of the cushion body (31) corresponds. Piston press for expressing liquids from in particular laundry (11) with a press basket (22) for receiving in particular the laundry (11), and with a press ram (17) having a stamp plate (20) and an elastic cushion body (31), wherein the upholstery body (31) has a peripheral annular wall (33), characterized in that the annular wall (33) has a wall thickness increasing in the direction of the stamp plate (20). Piston press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall thickness of the annular wall (33) to the punch plate (20) increases continuously, preferably over almost the entire height of the annular wall (33), in particular to the bead (38), and preferably the Wall thickness of the annular wall (33) of 15 mm to 25 mm at the bottom to 25 mm to 35 mm in the area of the bead (38) increases continuously. Piston press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the annular wall (33) in unloaded, with the die plate (20) still unconnected state over a substantially cylindrical upper portion (46), while a lower portion (47) of the annular wall (33 ) slightly inclined downwards, in particular, the length of the cylindrical upper portion (46) of the annular wall (33) is more than half the height of the annular wall (33), preferably about two thirds of the height of the annular wall (33). Piston press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an inner side of the annular wall (33) between a lower end surface (membrane 32) of the cushion body (31) and the underside of the bead (38) extends in a straight line with a constant oblique course, in particular with in the direction of the bead (38) obliquely inward-facing direction, wherein preferably the inner surface of the annular wall (33) has a relative to a vertical by 2 ° to 6 ° oblique course, preferably about 4 ° to 5 °. Piston press, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cushion body (31) is formed of an elastomer, preferably a base material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber, and this base material with an additive of a GUR (high molecular weight polyethylene) and / or EPDM ( Ethylene-popylene-diene-polymethylene).

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