EP1387950A1 - Valve comprising radial recesses - Google Patents

Valve comprising radial recesses

Info

Publication number
EP1387950A1
EP1387950A1 EP02732350A EP02732350A EP1387950A1 EP 1387950 A1 EP1387950 A1 EP 1387950A1 EP 02732350 A EP02732350 A EP 02732350A EP 02732350 A EP02732350 A EP 02732350A EP 1387950 A1 EP1387950 A1 EP 1387950A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
needle tip
wall
valve body
conical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02732350A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1387950B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Mattes
Friedrich Boecking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1387950A1 publication Critical patent/EP1387950A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1387950B1 publication Critical patent/EP1387950B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting

Definitions

  • Injection nozzles are essential components of self-igniting internal combustion engines. Their tasks include metered injection, fuel preparation, shaping the course of the injection and sealing against the fuel chamber. In addition to the main injection, in common-ail diesel injection systems, a pre-injection that enables a reduction in exhaust emissions and noise emissions. However, the present invention relates not only to fuel injection nozzles, but also to all types of nozzles or metering valves.
  • DE 196 34 933 relates to a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines with a valve member axially displaceable in a bore of a valve body.
  • the valve member At its end facing the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the valve member has a conical valve sealing surface with which it interacts with a conical valve seat surface at the closed end of the bore of the valve body on the combustion chamber side.
  • the conical valve sealing surface on the valve member is divided into two areas with different cone angles.
  • a valve sealing edge is formed at the transition between the two areas.
  • the fuel injection valve has at least one injection opening, which is located in the region adjoining the sealing edge downstream.
  • a shoulder is provided between the valve sealing surface areas each having a different cone angle, which results in advantages for the metering accuracy of the injection quantity.
  • the metering of the injection quantity by a plastic injection nozzle changes over its service life due to wear.
  • the position of the valve sealing surface changes, that is to say the surface with which the valve needle tip comes into contact with the conical valve body inner wall in the closing division of the valve.
  • the valve sealing surface can, due to wear, "migrate” to both the larger and the smaller diameter of the conical valve needle tip.
  • the valve needle consequently comes into contact with the inner wall of the valve body at a higher point in the closed position of the valve. changed injection course.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that the "wandering" of the valve sealing surface is limited and the wear of the valve is reduced. This is achieved by a valve with a valve needle which is axially displaceable in a bore of a valve body and which has a conical valve needle tip at one end.
  • the valve needle tip comprises a radial valve sealing surface which, when the valve is in the closed position, comes into contact with a conical inner wall of the valve body at the closed end of the bore, and at least one opening is arranged in the inner wall of the conical valve which connects the bore to the outside of the valve body contains two radial recesses which are arranged in the valve needle tip or the valve body inner wall, one of the radial recesses being upstream and the other radial recess being downstream of the position of the valve sealing face in the closed position of the valve.
  • valve sealing surface comes into contact with the valve sealing surface in this seating area on the conical valve body inner wall and thus seals the bore upstream of the valve sealing surface against the bore south-down from the valve sealing surface and thus also against the outside of the valve body.
  • the outside of the valve body is to be understood as the volume into which a flowing liquid or gaseous medium enters when it leaves the valve with the valve open
  • the valve sealing surface (based on the closed position of the valve) can either "migrate” up to the upper edge of the first recess downstream or up to the lower edge of the second recess, but not further.
  • the recesses where they are arranged radially in the valve needle tip or the inner wall of the valve body, prevent the valve needle tip from resting against the inner wall of the valve body, since they create a distance between these two components of the valve.
  • the conical valve needle tip has a lateral surface; which comprises at least two areas with different cone angles.
  • the arrangement of the at least two regions of the valve needle tip with the different cone angles in combination with the positions of the two radial recesses according to the invention and the cone angle of the conical valve body inner wall define the position of the valve needle tip on which the valve sealing surface is located.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing the valve according to the invention, the recesses being produced by machining a standard valve, for example by machining.
  • the valves according to the invention can be produced inexpensively and with little effort.
  • FIG 1 shows two possible embodiments of the valve according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows two variants of the valve according to the invention combined in a schematic drawing.
  • One variant is shown on the left of the axis of symmetry 1, the other on the right.
  • the main components of the valve shown are the valve needle 2 and the valve body 3, the valve needle 2 being axially displaceable in the valve body 3.
  • the valve needle 2 has a conical valve needle tip 4 at its end.
  • the valve body 3 contains a bore 5 which tapers at the end. Openings 7 are arranged in the conical valve body inner wall 6, which connect the bore 5 to the outside 8 of the valve body 3 when the valve is open.
  • valve needle tip 4 comes into contact with a radial valve sealing surface 9 on the conical inner wall 6 of the valve body.
  • valve 9 has the shape of the outer surface of a truncated cone. When the valve is closed, it lies against the conical valve body inner wall 6 and thus seals the bore 5 upstream
  • the valve contains two radial recesses 12 and 13. Both are arranged in the valve needle tip 4.
  • the outer surface of the valve needle tip 4 comprises three regions with different cone angles ⁇ i, ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 .
  • the three areas are each separated from one another by one of the two recesses 12, 13.
  • the boundaries of the regions lie between the upper 18 and the lower edge 19 or on one of the two edges of the respective recess 12, 13.
  • the cone angles ⁇ i, ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 of the three regions become larger downstream 11 ( ⁇ i ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ).
  • the cone angle ⁇ of the conical valve body inner wall 6 is mine than the cone angle ⁇ 3 and larger than the cone angle ⁇ 2 .
  • valve sealing surface 9 can change due to wear on the valve body inner wall 6 in the closed position of the valve only in the seating area 14 between the recesses 12 and 13.
  • the distance between the two recesses 12 and 13 specifies the maximum distance that the valve sealing surface can “travel” and the size of the possible seating area 14.
  • valve needle tip has only two regions with different cone angles ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 , but the valve body inner wall 6 in the closed position of the valve upstream 10 from the lower edge of the second recess 13 one Has a cone angle that is larger than the cone angle ⁇ of the valve body inner wall 6 downstream 11 thereof.
  • the conical end of the valve body 3 upstream 10 would have an "outside bend".
  • the valve sealing surface 9 kami merely “migrates” along the seat area 15 due to wear of the valve, which is delimited by the two recesses 16 and 17 in the valve's closed position.
  • valve according to the invention (not shown in the figure) is conceivable, in which, for example, both recesses in the conical valve body inner wall 6 or the first recess in the valve body wall 6 and the second recess in the valve needle tip 4 are arranged.
  • the recesses have a cross section with the shape of a segment of a circle (groove).
  • Further possible shapes that the cross-section of the respective recess can have are that of a circular sector, a triangle, a four-corner or other polygon or combinations of different of the named forms.
  • a combination can be used, for example, to adjust a cross section with the shape of a circular sector which changes into a square.
  • the valve is a fuel injector, preferably in self-igniting internal combustion engines.
  • the valve sealing surface 9 can only “migrate” within the seat area 14, 15.
  • the maximum quantity drift can be set during the service life of the fuel injector.
  • valve according to the invention is preferably used as a fuel injection nozzle in self-igniting internal combustion engines with common rail diesel injection.
  • the preinjection quantity is reduced due to wear-induced migration of the valve sealing surface 9 toward larger valve needle diameters, in In extreme cases, the pre-injection does not occur. This is advantageously prevented by using valves according to the invention.
  • the valve according to the invention can be constructed as a seat or blind hole nozzle.
  • the openings 7 of a blind hole nozzle smd are arranged in a sac hole, which is located in the valve closed position below the valve needle tip 4 in the valve body 3.
  • the beginning of the openings 7 lies in the inner wall of the valve body 6 such that they are largely covered by the valve needle tip 4 when the nozzle is closed.
  • 1 shows an embodiment of the valve according to the invention as a seat hole nozzle.

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve comprising a valve needle (2), which can be axially displaced inside a borehole (5) of a valve body (3) and whose one end is provided with a conical valve needle tip (4). The valve needle tip (4) has a radial valve sealing surface (9), which rests against a conical valve body inner wall (6) at the closed end of the borehole (5) when the valve is in the closed position. At least one opening (7) is located in the conical valve body inner wall (6) and serves to connect the borehole (5) to the outer side (8) of the valve body (3). The valve contains two radial recesses (12, 13, 16, 17), which are located in the valve needle tip (4) or in the valve body inner wall (6). One of the radial recesses (13, 17) is located up (10) and the other radial recess (12, 16) is located down (11) from the position of the valve sealing surface (9) when the valve is in the closed position.

Description

Ventil mit radialen AusnehmungenValve with radial recesses
Technisches GebietTechnical field
Einspritzdüsen sind wesentliche Bauteile von selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen. Zu ihren Aufgaben zählen das dosierte Einspritzen, das Aufbereiten des Kraftstoffs, das For- men des Emspritzverlaufs und das Abdichten gegen den Brennraimi. Neben der Haupteinspritzung erfolgt u.a. bei Common ail-Dieseleinspritzsystemen eine Voreinspritzung, die eine Absenkung von Abgasemissionen und von Geräuschabstrahlungen ermöglicht. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft jedoch nicht nur Kraftstoffeinspritzdüsen, sondern, alle Arten von Düsen bzw. Zumeßventilen.Injection nozzles are essential components of self-igniting internal combustion engines. Their tasks include metered injection, fuel preparation, shaping the course of the injection and sealing against the fuel chamber. In addition to the main injection, in common-ail diesel injection systems, a pre-injection that enables a reduction in exhaust emissions and noise emissions. However, the present invention relates not only to fuel injection nozzles, but also to all types of nozzles or metering valves.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
DE 196 34 933 bezieht sich auf ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem in einer Bohrung eines Ventilkörpers axial verscliiebbaren Ventilglied. Das Ventilglied weist an seinem dem Brennraum der Brennl -aftmaschine zugewandten Ende eine konische Ventildichtflache auf, mit der es mit einer konischen Ventüsitzfläche am brenn- raumseitigen geschlossenen Ende der Bohrung des Ventilkörpers zusammenwirkt. Die konische Ventildichtflache am Ventilglied ist in zwei unterschiedliche Kegelwinlcel aufwei- sende Bereiche geteilt. An dem Übergang der zwei Bereiche ist eine Ventüdichtkante gebildet. Femer weist das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil wenigstens eine Einspritzöffnung auf, die sich in dem sich stromabwärts an die Dichtkante anschließenden Bereich befindet. Schließlich ist zwischen den jeweils einen unterschiedlichen Kegelwinkel aufweisenden Ventildichtflächenbereichen ein Absatz vorgesehen, woraus sich Vorteile für die Zumeß- genauigkeit der Einspritzmenge ergeben.DE 196 34 933 relates to a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines with a valve member axially displaceable in a bore of a valve body. At its end facing the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the valve member has a conical valve sealing surface with which it interacts with a conical valve seat surface at the closed end of the bore of the valve body on the combustion chamber side. The conical valve sealing surface on the valve member is divided into two areas with different cone angles. A valve sealing edge is formed at the transition between the two areas. Furthermore, the fuel injection valve has at least one injection opening, which is located in the region adjoining the sealing edge downstream. Finally, a shoulder is provided between the valve sealing surface areas each having a different cone angle, which results in advantages for the metering accuracy of the injection quantity.
Die Zumessung der Einspritzmenge durch eine Kxaftstoffeinspritzdüse ändert sich über ihre Lebensdauer aufgrund von Verschleiß. Insbesondere bei Common Rail Injektoren verändert sich die Position der Ventildichtflache, also derjenigen Fläche, mit der die Ventilna- delspitze in Scliließsteilung des Ventils an der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand zur Anlage kommt. Die Ventildichtflache kann, verursacht durch Verschleiß, sowohl zum größeren als auch zum kleineren Durchmesser der konischen Ventilnadelspitze „wandern". Die Ventilnadel kommt folglich in Schließposition des Ventils an einem höheren Punkt relativ zum Ventilkörper an der Ventilkorperinnenwand zur Anlage. Dadurch ergibt sich ein ver- änderter Einspritzverlauf. Dies führt insbesondere bei Common Rail Einspritzdüsen dazu, daß mit fortschreitender Lastspielzahl (Zahl der Lastwechsel) die Voreinspritzmenge Meiner wird und schließlich ganz wegfällt.The metering of the injection quantity by a plastic injection nozzle changes over its service life due to wear. In the case of common rail injectors in particular, the position of the valve sealing surface changes, that is to say the surface with which the valve needle tip comes into contact with the conical valve body inner wall in the closing division of the valve. The valve sealing surface can, due to wear, "migrate" to both the larger and the smaller diameter of the conical valve needle tip. The valve needle consequently comes into contact with the inner wall of the valve body at a higher point in the closed position of the valve. changed injection course. In the case of common rail injection nozzles in particular, this leads to the fact that as the number of load cycles (number of load changes) increases, the pre-injection quantity becomes mine and finally disappears completely.
Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention
Ein Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, daß das „Wandern" der Ventildichtflache begrenzt und der Verschleiß des Ventils reduziert wird. Dies wird erreicht durch ein Ventil mit einer in einer Bohrung eines Ventilkörpers axial verschiebbaren Ventilnadel, die an ihrem einen Ende eine konische Ventilnadelspitze aufweist. Die Ventilnadelspitze umfaßt dabei eine radiale Ventildichtflache, die in Schließstellung des Ventils an einer konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand am geschlossenen Ende der Bohrung zur Anlage kommt. In der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand ist mindestens eine Öffnung angeordnet, die die Boh- rung mit der Außenseite des Ventilkörpers verbindet. Das Ventil enthält zwei radiale Ausnehmungen, die in der Ventilnadelspitze oder der Ventilköiperinnenwand angeordnet sind, wobei sich eine der radialen Ausnehmungen stromaufwärts und die andere radiale Ausnehmung stromabwärts von der Position der Ventildichtflache in Schließstellung des Ventils befindet.An advantage of the present invention is that the "wandering" of the valve sealing surface is limited and the wear of the valve is reduced. This is achieved by a valve with a valve needle which is axially displaceable in a bore of a valve body and which has a conical valve needle tip at one end. The valve needle tip comprises a radial valve sealing surface which, when the valve is in the closed position, comes into contact with a conical inner wall of the valve body at the closed end of the bore, and at least one opening is arranged in the inner wall of the conical valve which connects the bore to the outside of the valve body contains two radial recesses which are arranged in the valve needle tip or the valve body inner wall, one of the radial recesses being upstream and the other radial recess being downstream of the position of the valve sealing face in the closed position of the valve.
Zwischen den radialen Ausnehmungen befindet sich ein Sitzbereich, auf den das „Wandern" der Ventildichtflache begrenzt ist. In Scliließsteilung des Ventils kommt die Ventilnadelspitze mit der Ventildichtflache in diesem Sitzbereich an der konischen Ventilköiperinnenwand zur Anlage und dichtet somit die Bohrung stromaufwärts von der Ventildicht- fläche gegen die Bohrung sü-omabwärts von der Ventildichtflache und somit auch gegen die Außenseite des Ventilkörpers ab. Unter der Außenseite des Ventilkörpers ist in diesem Zusammenhang dasjenige Volumen zu verstehen, in das ein strömendes flüssiges oder gasförmiges Medium eintritt, wenn es bei geöffnetem Ventil aus de Ventil über seine Öffnungen austritt. Mit zunehmendem Verschleiß kann die Ventildichtfl che (bezogen auf die Schließstellung des Ventils) entweder bis zur Oberkante der ersten Ausnehmung stromabwärts oder bis zur Unterkante der zweiten Ausnehmung stromaufwärts „wandern", aber nicht weiter. Die Ausnehmungen verhindern, dort wo sie radial in der Ventilnadelspitze oder der Ventilkorperinnenwand angeordnet sind, ein Anliegen der Ventilnadelspitze an der Ventilkorperinnenwand, da sie einen Abstand zwischen diesen beiden Bestandteilen des Ventils erzeugen.Between the radial recesses there is a seating area, to which the "wandering" of the valve sealing surface is limited. In the valve division, the valve needle tip comes into contact with the valve sealing surface in this seating area on the conical valve body inner wall and thus seals the bore upstream of the valve sealing surface against the bore south-down from the valve sealing surface and thus also against the outside of the valve body. In this context, the outside of the valve body is to be understood as the volume into which a flowing liquid or gaseous medium enters when it leaves the valve with the valve open With increasing wear, the valve sealing surface (based on the closed position of the valve) can either "migrate" up to the upper edge of the first recess downstream or up to the lower edge of the second recess, but not further. The recesses, where they are arranged radially in the valve needle tip or the inner wall of the valve body, prevent the valve needle tip from resting against the inner wall of the valve body, since they create a distance between these two components of the valve.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung besitzt die konische Ventilnadelspitze eine Mantelfläche; die mindestens zwei Bereiche mit verschiedenen Kegelwinkeln umfaßt. Die Anordnung der mindestens zwei Bereiche der Ventilnadelspitze mit den verschiedenen Kegelwinkeln in Kombination mit den Positionen der erfindungsgemäßen zwei radialen Ausnehmungen und dem Kegelwinkel der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand definieren, auf welcher Position der Ventilnadelspitze sich die Ventildichtflache befindet.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conical valve needle tip has a lateral surface; which comprises at least two areas with different cone angles. The arrangement of the at least two regions of the valve needle tip with the different cone angles in combination with the positions of the two radial recesses according to the invention and the cone angle of the conical valve body inner wall define the position of the valve needle tip on which the valve sealing surface is located.
Ferner betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des erfϊndungsge- mäßen Ventils, wobei die Ausnehmungen durch Bearbeitung eines Standardventils gefertigt werden, beispielsweise durch spanende Bearbeitung. Durch Verwendung von Stan- dardventilen, die serienmäßig eingesetzt werden, können die erfmdmigsgemäßen Ventile kostengünstig und mit geringem Aufwand hergestellt werden.Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing the valve according to the invention, the recesses being produced by machining a standard valve, for example by machining. By using standard valves that are used as standard, the valves according to the invention can be produced inexpensively and with little effort.
Zeichnungdrawing
Anhand der Figur wird die Erfindung nachstehend näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the figure.
Es zeigt:It shows:
Figur 1 zwei mögliche Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Ventils.Figure 1 shows two possible embodiments of the valve according to the invention.
Ausfuhrungsvariantendesign variants
Figur 1 zeigt zwei Varianten des erfindungsgemäßen Ventils kombiniert in einer schematischen Zeichnung. Eine Variante ist links von der Symmetrieachse 1, die andere rechts davon dargestellt. Hauptbestandteile des gezeigten Ventils sind die Ventilnadel 2 und der Ventilkörper 3, wobei die Ventilnadel 2 axial in dem Ventilkörper 3 verschiebbar ist. Die Ventilnadel 2 weist an ihrem Ende eine konische Ventilnadelspitze 4 auf. Der Ventilkörper 3 enthält eine Bohrung 5, die am Ende konisch zuläuft. In der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand 6 sind Öffnungen 7 angeordnet, die die Bohrung 5 bei geöffnetem Ventil mit der Außenseite 8 des Ventilkörpers 3 verbinden.Figure 1 shows two variants of the valve according to the invention combined in a schematic drawing. One variant is shown on the left of the axis of symmetry 1, the other on the right. The main components of the valve shown are the valve needle 2 and the valve body 3, the valve needle 2 being axially displaceable in the valve body 3. The valve needle 2 has a conical valve needle tip 4 at its end. The valve body 3 contains a bore 5 which tapers at the end. Openings 7 are arranged in the conical valve body inner wall 6, which connect the bore 5 to the outside 8 of the valve body 3 when the valve is open.
In der Schließstellung des Ventils kommt die Ventilnadelspitze 4 mit einer radialen Ventildichtflache 9 an der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand 6 zur Anlage. Die VentildichtflacheIn the closed position of the valve, the valve needle tip 4 comes into contact with a radial valve sealing surface 9 on the conical inner wall 6 of the valve body. The valve sealing surface
9 hat die Form der Mantelfläche eines Kegelstumpfs. Sie liegt bei geschlossenem Ventil an der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand 6 an und dichtet somit die Bohrung 5 stromaufwärts9 has the shape of the outer surface of a truncated cone. When the valve is closed, it lies against the conical valve body inner wall 6 and thus seals the bore 5 upstream
10 von der Ventildichtflache 9 gegen die Bohrung 5 stromabwärts 11 von der Ventildicht- liäcne y ab. Das Ventil ist dann dicht geschlossen und ein flüssiges oder gasförmiges Medium kann nicht aus den Öffnungen 7 zur Außenseite 8 austreten.10 from the valve sealing surface 9 against the bore 5 downstream 11 from the valve sealing liäcne y off. The valve is then tightly closed and a liquid or gaseous medium cannot escape from the openings 7 to the outside 8.
Bei der links von der Symmetrieachse 12 dargestellten ersten Variante des erfmdungsge- mäßen Ventils enthält das Ventil zwei radiale Ausnehmungen 12 und 13. Beide sind in der Ventilnadelspitze 4 angeordnet.In the first variant of the valve according to the invention shown to the left of the axis of symmetry 12, the valve contains two radial recesses 12 and 13. Both are arranged in the valve needle tip 4.
In dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfϊndungsgemäßen Ventils umfaßt die Mantelfläche der Ventilnadelspitze 4 drei Bereiche mit verschiedenen Kegel winkeln δi, δ2 und δ3. Die drei Bereiche werden jeweils durch eine der zwei Ausnehmungen 12, 13 voneinander getrennt. Die Grenzen der Bereiche liegen zwischen der oberen 18 und der unteren Kante 19 oder auf einer der beiden Kanten der jeweiligen Ausnehmung 12, 13. Die Kegelwinkel δi, δ2, δ3 der drei Bereiche werden stromabwärts 11 größer ( δi < δ2 < δ3). Der Kegelwinkel ß der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand 6 ist Meiner als der Kegelwinkel δ3 und größer als der Kegelwinkel δ2. Dadurch ist die Position der Ventildichtflache 9 des Ventils, bevor es verschleißt, genau definiert. Sie liegt an dem Übergang zwischen den beiden Bereichen mit den Kegelwinkeln δ2 und δ3 oder, falls dort wie in Figur 1 eine Ausnehmung 12 angeordnet ist, an der oberen Kante dieser Ausnehmung 12. Durch Verschleiß kann sich die Anlage-Position der Ventildichtflache 9 an der Ventilkorperinnenwand 6 in Schließpo- sition des Ventils lediglich in dem Sitzbereich 14 zwischen den Ausnehmungen 12 und 13 verschieben. Der Abstand zwischen den beiden Ausnehmungen 12 und 13 gibt vor, wie weit die Ventildichtflache maximal „wandern" kann, wie groß demnach der mögliche Sitzbereich 14 ist.In this preferred embodiment of the valve according to the invention, the outer surface of the valve needle tip 4 comprises three regions with different cone angles δi, δ 2 and δ 3 . The three areas are each separated from one another by one of the two recesses 12, 13. The boundaries of the regions lie between the upper 18 and the lower edge 19 or on one of the two edges of the respective recess 12, 13. The cone angles δi, δ 2 , δ 3 of the three regions become larger downstream 11 (δi <δ 2 <δ 3 ). The cone angle β of the conical valve body inner wall 6 is mine than the cone angle δ 3 and larger than the cone angle δ 2 . As a result, the position of the valve sealing surface 9 of the valve before it wears out is precisely defined. It lies at the transition between the two areas with the cone angles δ 2 and δ 3 or, if there is a recess 12 as shown in FIG. 1, at the upper edge of this recess 12. The contact position of the valve sealing surface 9 can change due to wear on the valve body inner wall 6 in the closed position of the valve only in the seating area 14 between the recesses 12 and 13. The distance between the two recesses 12 and 13 specifies the maximum distance that the valve sealing surface can “travel” and the size of the possible seating area 14.
Durch die Vorgabe δi < δ2 für die Kegelwinkel der zwei Ventilnadelspitzen-Bereiche ergeben sich zwei Differenzwinkel αj, α2 von der Ventilnadelspitze 4 zu der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand 6, für die gilt: α2 > αi. Dies ist eine weitere Maßnahme, um ein Wandern der Ventildichtflache 9 zu einem größeren Ventilnadeldiu'chmesser hin, oberhalb der zweiten Ausnehmung 13, zu verhindern. Als Ergebnis liegt die Ventildichtflache 9 bei ge- schlossenem Ventil ausschließlich in dem Sitzbereich 14 an der Ventilköiperir enwand 6 an.The specification δi <δ 2 for the cone angle of the two valve needle tip regions results in two difference angles αj, α 2 from the valve needle tip 4 to the conical valve body inner wall 6, for which the following applies: α 2 > αi. This is a further measure to prevent the valve sealing surface 9 from migrating towards a larger valve needle diameter, above the second recess 13. As a result, when the valve is closed, the valve sealing surface 9 rests exclusively in the seat area 14 on the valve body wall 6.
Zur Gewährleistung, daß der Differenzwinkel α? größer als der Differenzwinkel α-, ist, wäre auch denkbar, daß die Ventilnadelspitze nur zwei Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Ke- gelwinkeln δ2 und δ3 aufweist, die Ventilkorperinnenwand 6 jedoch in Schließposition des Ventils stromaufwärts 10 von der unteren Kante der zweiten Ausnehmung 13 einen Kegelwinkel aufweist, der größer als der Kegelwinkel ß der Ventilkorperinnenwand 6 stromabwärts 11 davon ist. Folglich würde das konische Ende des Ventilkörpers 3 stromaufwärts 10 einen „Knick nach außen" aufweisen. Für die zweite, rechts von der Symmetrieachse 1 dargestellte Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Ventils gilt dasselbe wie für die erste Variante. Der einzige Unterschied zur ersten Variante besteht darin, daß nur die erste radiale Ausnehmung 16 in der Ventilnadelspitze 4 angeordnet ist, wohingegen sich die zweite radiale Ausnehmung 17 in der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand 6 befindet. Dadurch wird derselbe Effekt wie in der ersten Variante erzielt: Die Ventildichtflache 9 kami infolge von Verschleiß des Ventils lediglich entlang des Sitzbereiches 15 „wandern", der in Schließposition des Ventils durch die beiden Ausnehmungen 16 und 17 begrenzt wird.To ensure that the difference angle α? is larger than the difference angle α-, it would also be conceivable that the valve needle tip has only two regions with different cone angles δ 2 and δ 3 , but the valve body inner wall 6 in the closed position of the valve upstream 10 from the lower edge of the second recess 13 one Has a cone angle that is larger than the cone angle β of the valve body inner wall 6 downstream 11 thereof. As a result, the conical end of the valve body 3 upstream 10 would have an "outside bend". The same applies to the second variant of the valve according to the invention shown to the right of the axis of symmetry 1 as for the first variant. The only difference from the first variant is that only the first radial recess 16 is arranged in the valve needle tip 4, whereas the second radial recess 17 is located in the conical valve body inner wall 6. As a result, the same effect is achieved as in the first variant: the valve sealing surface 9 kami merely “migrates” along the seat area 15 due to wear of the valve, which is delimited by the two recesses 16 and 17 in the valve's closed position.
Denkbar sind weitere Varianten des erfindungsgemäßen Ventils (nicht in der Figur dargestellt), bei denen zum Beispiel beide Ausnehmungen in der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand 6 oder die erste Ausnehmung in der Ventilkörperimienwand 6 und die zweite Ausnehmung in der Ventilnadelspitze 4 angeordnet sind.Further variants of the valve according to the invention (not shown in the figure) are conceivable, in which, for example, both recesses in the conical valve body inner wall 6 or the first recess in the valve body wall 6 and the second recess in the valve needle tip 4 are arranged.
Bei den in Figur 1 dargestellten Varianten der vorliegenden Erfindung haben die Ausnehmungen einen Querschnitt mit der Form eines Kreissegments (Nut). Weitere mögliche Formen, die der Querschnitt der jeweiligen Ausnehmung haben kann, sind die eines Kreissektors, eines Drei-, Vier- oder sonstigen Vielecks oder Kombinationen aus verschiedenen der genamiten Foπnen. Unter eine Kombination ist beispielsweise ein Querschnitt mit der Form eines Kreissektors, der in ein Viereck übergeht, zu verstellen.In the variants of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the recesses have a cross section with the shape of a segment of a circle (groove). Further possible shapes that the cross-section of the respective recess can have are that of a circular sector, a triangle, a four-corner or other polygon or combinations of different of the named forms. A combination can be used, for example, to adjust a cross section with the shape of a circular sector which changes into a square.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausfüb'ungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist das Ventil eine Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse, vorzugsweise in selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen. Bei Kraft- stoffeinspritzsystemen ergibt sich über die Lebensdauer der Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse eine Einspritzmengendrift durch ein verschleißbedingtes „Wandern" der Ventildichtflache 9. Ein veränderter Einspritzverlauf kann zu unerwünschten Abgasemissionen, lauteren Lauf geräuschen oder einem größeren Verschleiß der selbstzündenden Brennlσaftmaschine führen. Bei einem erfmdungsgemäßen Ventil wird diese Einspritzmengendrift in vorteilhafter Weise begrenzt und stark verringert, da die Ventildichtflache 9 lediglich iimerhalb des Sitzbereichs 14, 15 „wandern" kann. In Abhängigkeit von dem axialen Abstand der beiden Ausnehmungen kann die maximale Mengendrift während der Lebensdauer der Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse eingestellt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the valve is a fuel injector, preferably in self-igniting internal combustion engines. In the case of fuel injection systems, there is an injection quantity drift over the life of the fuel injection nozzle due to a wear-related "wandering" of the valve sealing surface 9. A changed injection course can lead to undesirable exhaust gas emissions, louder running noise or greater wear and tear of the self-igniting internal combustion engine advantageously limited and greatly reduced, since the valve sealing surface 9 can only “migrate” within the seat area 14, 15. Depending on the axial distance between the two recesses, the maximum quantity drift can be set during the service life of the fuel injector.
Vorzugsweise wird das erfindungsgemäße Ventil als Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse in selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen mit Common Rail-Dieseleinspritzung eingesetzt. Insbesondere bei Common Rail-Düsen verringert sich die Voreinspritzmenge durch ein verschleißbedingtes Wandern der Ventildichtflache 9 zu größeren Ventilnadeldurchmessern hin, im Extremfall bleibt die Voreinspritzung ganz aus. Dies wird in vorteilhafter Weise durch den Einsatz erfindungsgemäßer Ventile verhindert.The valve according to the invention is preferably used as a fuel injection nozzle in self-igniting internal combustion engines with common rail diesel injection. In the case of common rail nozzles in particular, the preinjection quantity is reduced due to wear-induced migration of the valve sealing surface 9 toward larger valve needle diameters, in In extreme cases, the pre-injection does not occur. This is advantageously prevented by using valves according to the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Ventil kann als Sitz- oder Sacklochdüse aufgebaut sein. Die Öffnungen 7 einer Sacklochdüse smd in einem Sacldoch angeordnet, das sich in Schließstellung des Ventils unterhalb der Ventilnadelspitze 4 in dem Ventilkörper 3 befindet. Bei Sitzlochdüsen liegt der Anfang der Öffnungen 7 so in der Ventilkorperinnenwand 6, daß sie bei geschlossener Düse durch die Ventilnadelspitze 4 weitgehend abgedeclct sind. In Figur 1 ist eine Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Ventils als Sitzlochdüse dargestellt. The valve according to the invention can be constructed as a seat or blind hole nozzle. The openings 7 of a blind hole nozzle smd are arranged in a sac hole, which is located in the valve closed position below the valve needle tip 4 in the valve body 3. In the case of seat hole nozzles, the beginning of the openings 7 lies in the inner wall of the valve body 6 such that they are largely covered by the valve needle tip 4 when the nozzle is closed. 1 shows an embodiment of the valve according to the invention as a seat hole nozzle.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Ventil mit einer in einer Bohrung (5) eines Ventilkörpers (3) axial verschiebbaren Ventilnadel (2), die an ihrem einen Ende eine konische Ventilnadelspitze (4) aufweist, wobei die Ventilnadelspitze (4) eine radiale Ventildichtflache (9) umfaßt, die in1. Valve with a valve needle (2) which is axially displaceable in a bore (5) of a valve body (3) and has a conical valve needle tip (4) at one end, the valve needle tip (4) comprising a radial valve sealing surface (9), in the
Schließstellung des Ventils an einer konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand (6) am geschlossenen Ende der Bohrung (5) zur Anlage kommt, wobei in der konischen Ventilkorperinnenwand (6) mindestens eine Öffnung (7) angeordnet ist, die die Bohrung (5) mit der Außenseite (8) des Ventilkörpers (3) verbindet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ventil zwei radiale Ausnehmungen (12, 13, 16, 17) enthält, die in der Ventilnadelspitze (4) oder der Ventilkorperinnenwand (6) angeordnet sind, wobei sich eine der radialen Ausnehmungen (13, 17) stromaufwärts (10) und die andere radiale Ausnehmung (12, 16) stromabwärts (11) von der Position der Ventildichtflache (9) in Schließstellung des Ventils befindet.When the valve is in the closed position on a conical valve body inner wall (6) at the closed end of the bore (5), at least one opening (7) is arranged in the conical valve body inner wall (6) which connects the bore (5) with the outside (8 ) of the valve body (3), characterized in that the valve contains two radial recesses (12, 13, 16, 17) which are arranged in the valve needle tip (4) or the valve body inner wall (6), one of the radial recesses (13, 17) upstream (10) and the other radial recess (12, 16) downstream (11) from the position of the valve sealing surface (9) in the closed position of the valve.
2. Ventil gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die konische Ventilnadelspitze (4) eine Mantelfläche besitzt, die mindestens zwei Bereiche mit verschiedenen Kegelwinkeln umfaßt.2. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical valve needle tip (4) has a lateral surface which comprises at least two areas with different cone angles.
3. Ventil gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mantelfläche der Ventilnadelspitze (4) drei Bereiche mit verschiedenen Kegelwinkeln (δ-., δ2, δ3) umfaßt, wobei die drei Bereiche in Schließstellung des Ventils jeweils durch eine der zwei radialen Ausnehmungen (12, 13, 16, 17) voneinander getrennt werden und die Kegelwinkel (δi, δ2, δ3) der drei Bereiche stromabwärts (11) größer werden.3. Valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer surface of the valve needle tip (4) comprises three areas with different cone angles (δ- . , Δ 2 , δ 3 ), the three areas in the closed position of the valve each by one of the two radial Recesses (12, 13, 16, 17) are separated from one another and the cone angles (δi, δ 2 , δ 3 ) of the three regions downstream (11) become larger.
4. Ventil gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die konische Ventilkorperinnenwand (6) mindestens zwei Bereiche mit verschiedenen Kegelwinkeln umfaßt, wobei die Kegel win el stromaufwärts (10) größer werden.4. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical valve body inner wall (6) comprises at least two areas with different cone angles, the cone win el upstream (10) become larger.
5. Ventil gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beide radialen Ausnehmungen in der Ventilnadelspitze (4) oder in der Ventilkorperinnenwand (6) angeordnet sind oder daß eine radiale Ausnehnmng (16, 17) in der Ventilnadelspitze (4) und eine in der Ventilkorperinnenwand (6) angeordnet ist.5. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that both radial recesses in the valve needle tip (4) or in the valve body inner wall (6) are arranged or that a radial Ausnehnmng (16, 17) in the valve needle tip (4) and one in the valve body inner wall (6) is arranged.
6. Ventil gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekemizeichnet, daß die Ausnehmungen (12, 13, 16, 17) einen Querschnitt haben, der die Forna eines Kreissegments (Nut), eines Kreissektors, eines Drei-, Vier-, oder sonstigen Vielecks oder Kombinationen daraus, besitzt. 6. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses (12, 13, 16, 17) have a cross section which is the forna of a segment of a circle (groove), a sector of a circle, a triangle, four or other polygons or combinations from it, owns.
7. Ventil gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeiclmet, daß das Ventil eine Kraftstof ein- spritzdüse ist, vorzugsweise in selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen.7. Valve according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeiclmet that the valve is a fuel injection nozzle, preferably in self-igniting internal combustion engines.
8. Ventil gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeiclmet, daß die selbstzündenden Brer - kraftmaschinen eine Commom Rail-Dieseleinspritzung umfassen.8. Valve according to claim 7, characterized gekennzeiclmet that the self-igniting Brer - engines include a Commom Rail diesel injection.
9. Ventil gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeiclmet, daß das Ventil als Sitz- oder Sacklochdüse aufgebaut ist.9. Valve according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeiclmet that the valve is constructed as a seat or blind hole nozzle.
10. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ventils gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausnehmungen (12, 13, 16, 17) durch Bearbeitung eines Standardventils gefertigt werden. 10. A method for producing a valve according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the recesses (12, 13, 16, 17) are made by machining a standard valve.
EP02732350A 2001-05-10 2002-03-23 Valve comprising radial recesses Expired - Lifetime EP1387950B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10122503A DE10122503A1 (en) 2001-05-10 2001-05-10 Valve with radial recesses
DE10122503 2001-05-10
PCT/DE2002/001081 WO2002090761A1 (en) 2001-05-10 2002-03-23 Valve comprising radial recesses

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EP1387950A1 true EP1387950A1 (en) 2004-02-11
EP1387950B1 EP1387950B1 (en) 2010-01-13

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US (1) US7000856B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1387950B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4157384B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1462342A (en)
DE (2) DE10122503A1 (en)
PL (1) PL358462A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002090761A1 (en)

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US7000856B2 (en) 2006-02-21
JP2004519604A (en) 2004-07-02
EP1387950B1 (en) 2010-01-13
PL358462A1 (en) 2004-08-09
CN1462342A (en) 2003-12-17
DE50214168D1 (en) 2010-03-04
JP4157384B2 (en) 2008-10-01
DE10122503A1 (en) 2002-11-21
US20040056118A1 (en) 2004-03-25
WO2002090761A1 (en) 2002-11-14

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