EP1387381A1 - Fusible - Google Patents

Fusible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1387381A1
EP1387381A1 EP02405674A EP02405674A EP1387381A1 EP 1387381 A1 EP1387381 A1 EP 1387381A1 EP 02405674 A EP02405674 A EP 02405674A EP 02405674 A EP02405674 A EP 02405674A EP 1387381 A1 EP1387381 A1 EP 1387381A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuse
die
winding body
energy material
fuse according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02405674A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Kaltenborn
Felix Greuter
Pal Kristian Skryten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP02405674A priority Critical patent/EP1387381A1/fr
Priority to AU2003245787A priority patent/AU2003245787A1/en
Priority to PCT/CH2003/000469 priority patent/WO2004013881A1/fr
Publication of EP1387381A1 publication Critical patent/EP1387381A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/165—Casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/18—Casing fillings, e.g. powder
    • H01H85/185—Insulating members for supporting fusible elements inside a casing, e.g. for helically wound fusible elements

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuse according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuse contains a winding body on the a fuse element connected in an electrically conductive manner with two power connections is wound from an electrically conductive, fusible material. Further the fuse contains a high energy material which is above a Limit temperature caused by heating the fuse element with a long-lasting overcurrent is determined, the melting of the Fuse element and thus limiting and / or switching off the Overcurrent causes.
  • Such a fuse generally contains several series connected Limiting points and is mainly used in medium and high voltage networks used, but can also be used in the low voltage range (10 V to 1 kV) and there loaded with nominal currents up to 10 kA and switch-off currents up to 300 kA become.
  • a fuse of the type mentioned at the outset is, for example, in FIGS. 4a and 4b of DE 198 24 851 A1.
  • This fuse is a Securing element designed as a wire strip.
  • the wire strip is on one axially symmetrically designed electrically insulating winding body wound and carries at regular intervals with a high energy material, such as one Nitro compound from the group of guanides, filled capsules, which in axial guided grooves of the winding body are arranged.
  • the two ends of the Strips are each with one of two fuse power connections connected.
  • the wound bobbin is in an arc extinguishing agent, such as in particular quartz sand, filled housing.
  • the fuse element When a Long-lasting overcurrent of low strength, the fuse element is heated and thus the high-energy material is heated to ignition temperature. At the When the ignition temperature is reached, the high-energy material is activated and that overcurrent fuse element melted.
  • the Arcing is limited by the extinguishing agent suppressed and the overcurrent is finally interrupted.
  • This fuse is used to melt the fuse element Explosive-filled encapsulation requires and will also encapsulate also still fixed on the securing element. This increases the cost of manufacturing the Fuse not only considerably, but also enables thermal contact between the fuse element and the high-energy material only via the encapsulation. On to reach the ignition temperature and thus timely ignition of the The high heat flow required for high-energy material is thus made more difficult. The The fuse element will therefore go beyond the set ignition temperature heat to ignite the high energy material. In general, therefore this fuse with a longer pre-ignition time, which means the quality of the Tripping characteristic of the fuse is reduced.
  • the object of the invention is as set out in the claims to create a backup of the type mentioned in the beginning, which in economically in a process suitable for mass production and can be produced with any trigger characteristic.
  • a die made of electrically insulating material is held on the winding body with at least one cavity extending in the winding direction and the cavity is filled with high-energy material and covered by the fuse element in such a way that the high-energy material and the fuse element are thermally contacted with one another under pressure.
  • the winding body contains at least two matrices made of electrically insulating material, each with at least one cavity extending in the winding direction, and the cavity of each of the matrices is filled with high-energy material and covered by the securing element in such a way that high-energy material and securing element are thermally interconnected under pressure are contacted.
  • the fuse according to the invention as an independent basic component, depending on the embodiment, has either at least one die filled with high-energy material or at least two dies filled with high-energy material, the manufacture of the fuse can be made considerably easier.
  • the matrices can be produced completely independently of the time and place of the manufacturing process of the fuse according to the invention, for example by a supplier experienced in handling explosive substances.
  • the amount of high-energy material can be dosed very precisely and, with low consumption of expensive high-energy material, matrices with a matching design and physical properties can be achieved within narrow tolerance ranges. Since the high-energy material is present in solvent-free form in these matrices, the matrices can be transported, stored and further processed without risk.
  • suitable matrices can then be selected from pre-fabricated matrices with predetermined dimensions and properties.
  • the manufacture of the desired fuse can then be carried out separately from the explosive processor in steps which are easy to handle in terms of production technology, such as fastening, plugging together, winding and contacting.
  • the die is made of insulating material ensures that that high-energy material with conductive components can be used. Barriers between the cavity and one or more additional cavities cause cross insulation of fuse elements and prevent a short circuit between these elements.
  • the matrix has a fitting accuracy in the range of approx. 0.5 mm has that when filled with a liquid high energy material a subsequent drying process keeps the high-energy material dimensionally stable survives that when exposed to arcing no conductive material, such as soot arises, and that after breaking the arc one of the system voltage the insulation section corresponding to the fuse is constructed.
  • a technically and dielectrically advantageous embodiment of the Fuse according to the invention is characterized in that the winding body is formed substantially axially symmetrical and a cylindrical core has with attached, guided in the radial direction ribs, and that two consecutive ribs in the circumferential direction delimit a groove, in which the die with a radially outward facing surface into which the Cavity opens, is inserted. Because of this training at Manufacture of the fuse largely free of air gaps and voids in the dies Winding bodies are used. Unwanted for dielectric reasons This practically avoids air gaps and cavities.
  • the sides of the die lying on the flanks of the groove in the area of the cavity each have one of the leadership of the fuse element serving Wall recess on. That applied to the winding body by winding
  • the securing element is therefore held very precisely on the winding body, which ensures safe operation of the fuse.
  • the fuse generally has a housing receiving the die.
  • a housing receiving the die.
  • Such a housing can be saved if the die on the Securing element-holding winding body is applied.
  • this can be achieved in that at least two each as a segment one Cladding matrices are pushed onto the winding body, such that high energy material and fuse element under pressure thermally are contacted with each other.
  • this can also be achieved the matrix is formed by an elastically deformable band, which contains cavities filled with high-energy material and, if necessary, with Pre-tension is wound on the winding body holding the securing element, such that high energy material and fuse element under pressure thermally are contacted with each other.
  • Embodiment of the fuse according to the invention in which an additional Winding body can be saved, is characterized in that it is a has segmented winding bodies and at least two matrices made of electrically insulating material contains at least one in each Direction of cavity extending, and that the cavity with each of the matrices High-energy material is filled and covered by the fuse element, such that high energy material and fuse element under pressure thermally are contacted with each other.
  • the matrix material of the fuse according to the invention is elastically deformable. Possibly formed during the manufacture of the fuse, undesirable air gaps and cavities can now occur for dielectric reasons can be avoided particularly easily by elastic deformation of the die. Such gaps and voids could result in critical situations that an arc forming when the current is limited does not form along the Fuse element spreads out, but along an air-insulating interface and thus leads to a short circuit between parallel fuse elements.
  • this requirement can be met by connecting the Matrix with the winding body by means of a cement, a ceramic mass or Adhesives, such as those based on silicone, must be met. But they have to geometrical parameters of winding body and die extremely small Show tolerances.
  • elastically deformable material are produced in the manufacture of gaps and cavities by elastic deformation of the Matrix filled out. The manufacturing tolerances can be much larger.
  • the matrix material preferably contains a crosslinked silicone polymer or a mixture of crosslinked silicone polymers, in which a filler based on a mineral compound or a mixture of several mineral compounds is embedded in powder form.
  • a filler based on a mineral compound or a mixture of several mineral compounds is embedded in powder form.
  • the proportion of the filler in the silicone polymer is in the range from 5% by weight to 95% by weight, preferably in the range from 40% by weight to 85% by weight, and in particular in the range from 60% by weight.
  • the filler has an average particle size in the range from 0.1 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 10 to 250 ⁇ m and especially in the range from 20 up to 150 microns, preferably in the range from 30 to 130 microns, or in the range from 0.1 to 50 microns, preferably in the range from 0.5 microns to 10 microns, the matrix material also has arc-suppressing properties when a suitable filler is selected.
  • the filler is metal oxide, preferably aluminum and / or titanium oxide, glasses, mica, ceramic particles, boric acid, metal hydroxides, preferably aluminum hydroxide and / or magnesium hydroxide, and / or mineral substances containing water of hydration, preferably based on aluminum and / or magnesium oxide and / or magnesium carbonate are used, an arc extinguishing medium desired for a safe operation of the fuse is achieved.
  • An additional extinguishing agent such as typically sand, which thermally contacts the securing element in addition to the matrix material, is then generally no longer required.
  • another insulating material can also be used as the matrix material, such as ceramic, glass, oxide compacts [Al 2 O 3 , Al (OH) 3 , MgO, Mg (OH) 2 ], concrete or polymers.
  • An improvement in the tripping characteristic of the fuse, especially the Ignition behavior, can be achieved by the Side of the die facing away from high-energy material with one material is coated, which compared with the high energy and the Matrix material has a low thermal conductivity and which at the same time should be electrically insulating and resistant to arcing.
  • FIGS. 1, 7, 8 and 9 are each part of one with Resilient nominal voltages from the medium or high voltage range Fuse.
  • the active part is generally not one in the figures housing shown and has a current-carrying, fusible flat wire manufactured, parallel-wound fuse elements 1 (only shown in Fig.1), which is designed to be axially symmetrical Coil 2 are wound.
  • Fig.1 one winding each of the fuse elements 1 and of these Fuse elements only one shown as flat wire.
  • Beginning and end of Fuse elements are each with a power connection 3 or 4 of the fuse connected. Instead of several fuse elements 1 wound in parallel, can if necessary, only a single securing element can also be provided.
  • the winding body 2 has a star-shaped profile and contains one cylindrical core 5 with attached, guided in the radial direction Ribs 6. Two successive ribs in the circumferential direction delimit one Groove 7. A die 8 is inserted into this groove.
  • the die 8 is from one elastically deformable insulating material with arc extinguishing properties formed, such as one described in EP 1 162 640 A1 filler-filled silicone polymer (filler, for example 80 percent by weight quartz, based on the insulating material), and radially with a cover surface 9 Outside. Cavities 10 guided in the winding direction open into this cover surface 9 of approximately trapezoidal cross-section, each with High energy material 11 filled and each by a portion of a turn one of the securing elements 1 are covered. Are in the coverage area High energy material 11 and fuse element 1 under pressure thermally contacted each other.
  • the high energy material does its job at a relatively low temperature to release so much energy from typically 180 to 240 ° C that it is a metal high electrical conductivity, such as silver, copper or aluminum Fuse element 1 melts.
  • a suitable high energy material is for example a stabilized nitro compound from the group of guanides.
  • the structure of the die 8 is shown in Figures 2 to 4.
  • the matrix can be seen to have two long sides 12 and 13. After installation of the die 8 in the groove 7, these two sides bear against the flanks of the groove 7 which are guided in the manner of trapezoidal legs. In the direction of the trapezoidal legs, the sides have a length d 5 .
  • the distance d 1 between two cavities in the axial direction depends on the minimum still permissible distance between two adjacent securing elements 1.
  • the dimensions of the securing element 1 determine the width d 2 of the cavity 10 and the height d 3 of two in the area of each cavity 10 on the two sides 12 , 13 provided wall recess 14 or 15. The securing element is aligned and held in these wall recesses.
  • each side 12 or 13 of the die which extends between the wall recess 14 or 15 and the rounded base of the groove 7, is greater than the depth of the ribs 6. Sufficient contact pressure of the securing element against the high-energy material is thus achieved when the winding body 2 is wound.
  • the required amount of high-energy material is determined by the depth d 4 of the cavity 10.
  • the shape of the winding body, in particular the shape and number of the ribs 6 and the diameter of the cylindrical core 5 are predetermined by the specified electrical nominal values of the fuse, for example the nominal voltage.
  • the formation of the matrix 8 from silicone ensures that even then, if the geometric dimensions of starting components for the Manufacturing the fuse, such as winding body 2 and die 8, within a very large Tolerance ranges lie easily due to elastic deformation void-free active part can be formed.
  • a base surface 16 of the die lying on the rounded bottom of the groove 7 8 - as can be seen from Fig.1 - is also rounded.
  • the bottom of the groove 7 should then be be expediently designed for dielectric reasons. How out 6 can be seen, the top surface 9 can be rounded, in particular concave be curved, formed.
  • Between the high energy material 11 and the Securing element 1 is a particularly good positive fit and when winding so that a particularly good thermal contact is achieved.
  • the winding body 2 not yet wound with the securing element 1 and is the winding body 2 segmented.
  • Each of six segments of the winding body 1 is from a die 8 is formed in which the cavities filled with high-energy material 11 10 are molded. There are successive cavities 10 in the circumferential direction separated from each other by insulating partitions 17.
  • the individual matrices first be filled individually with liquid high-energy material without the liquid high-energy material can run away. After drying the High energy material, the individual matrices 8 to form Winding body 2 assembled and the winding body 2 with the Securing element 1 wound in such a way that high-energy material and Fuse element are thermally contacted with each other under pressure.
  • the high-energy material is then in thermal contact with the securing element 1, which cannot be seen from FIG. 1, the active part surrounding fuse housing can then generally be omitted because the The outer surface of the active part is then no longer the securing element or contains several possibly provided securing elements, but from Insulating material, such as in particular a weatherproof filler-filled silicone, is formed becomes.
  • the die is applied to the Winding body through a matrix formed by an elastically deformable band 8 reached, the tape on one of its two sides with the Contains high energy material 11 filled cavities 10.
  • This band is with Preload on the winding body 2 holding the securing element in such a way that wrapped high energy material 11 and fuse element under pressure are thermally contacted. In this embodiment, too there is no separate fuse housing.
  • an im general powdery extinguishing agent such as sand.
  • This Extinguishing media should be all that may still be present in the fuse Fill in cavities and exposed surfaces of the securing element 1 contact thermally.
  • the Extinguishing agent covers the exposed surfaces of the securing element 1. As a result, arcing occurs quickly when limiting overcurrents deleted. By filling all cavities with extinguishing agent, the dielectric Backup properties improved.
  • an improvement in the ignition behavior of the High energy material 11 and thus an improvement in the tripping characteristic can be achieved in that the side facing away from the high energy material Die 8 with one compared to the high energy and die material a low thermal conductivity material is coated.
  • This The material should be electrically insulating and resistant to arcing at the same time.
  • a the corresponding effect can also be achieved by applying the material to the High energy material facing surface of the fuse element 1 reached become.

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  • Fuses (AREA)
EP02405674A 2002-08-02 2002-08-02 Fusible Withdrawn EP1387381A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02405674A EP1387381A1 (fr) 2002-08-02 2002-08-02 Fusible
AU2003245787A AU2003245787A1 (en) 2002-08-02 2003-07-15 Fuse
PCT/CH2003/000469 WO2004013881A1 (fr) 2002-08-02 2003-07-15 Fusible

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02405674A EP1387381A1 (fr) 2002-08-02 2002-08-02 Fusible

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1387381A1 true EP1387381A1 (fr) 2004-02-04

Family

ID=30011307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02405674A Withdrawn EP1387381A1 (fr) 2002-08-02 2002-08-02 Fusible

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1387381A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003245787A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004013881A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001025580A1 (fr) * 1999-10-01 2001-04-12 Park Ki Young Systeme de fenetre et de porte sans rail

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0121881A2 (fr) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-17 General Electric Company Coupe-circuit de haute tension
DE19824851A1 (de) * 1998-06-04 1999-12-09 Abb Research Ltd Sicherung
EP1107277A1 (fr) * 1999-12-08 2001-06-13 Abb Research Ltd. Fusible
EP1162640A1 (fr) * 2000-06-07 2001-12-12 Abb Research Ltd. Matière d'extinction d'arc

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0121881A2 (fr) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-17 General Electric Company Coupe-circuit de haute tension
DE19824851A1 (de) * 1998-06-04 1999-12-09 Abb Research Ltd Sicherung
EP1107277A1 (fr) * 1999-12-08 2001-06-13 Abb Research Ltd. Fusible
EP1162640A1 (fr) * 2000-06-07 2001-12-12 Abb Research Ltd. Matière d'extinction d'arc

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003245787A1 (en) 2004-02-23
WO2004013881A1 (fr) 2004-02-12

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