EP1386976A1 - Cast iron - Google Patents

Cast iron Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1386976A1
EP1386976A1 EP03009679A EP03009679A EP1386976A1 EP 1386976 A1 EP1386976 A1 EP 1386976A1 EP 03009679 A EP03009679 A EP 03009679A EP 03009679 A EP03009679 A EP 03009679A EP 1386976 A1 EP1386976 A1 EP 1386976A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cast iron
iron alloy
alloy according
content
alloy
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Granted
Application number
EP03009679A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1386976B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Menk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Georg Fischer Fahrzeugtechnik AG
Georg Fischer Automotive AG
Original Assignee
Georg Fischer Fahrzeugtechnik AG
Georg Fischer Automotive AG
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Application filed by Georg Fischer Fahrzeugtechnik AG, Georg Fischer Automotive AG filed Critical Georg Fischer Fahrzeugtechnik AG
Priority to SI200330078T priority Critical patent/SI1386976T1/en
Publication of EP1386976A1 publication Critical patent/EP1386976A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1386976B1 publication Critical patent/EP1386976B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cast iron alloy for cast iron products a high temperature resistance, wherein the alloy as non-iron components at least the elements C, Si, Mo, Al and as admixtures Ni, Mg and / or S contains.
  • This task is solved by a cast iron alloy for cast iron products with a high temperature resistance, the alloy being non-iron components at least the elements C, Si, Mo, Al and as admixtures Ni, Mg and / or S and wherein the C content is less than 2.9 wt.%.
  • the alloy has the highest possible structural stability and has the highest possible resistance to oxidation. This will be done achieved that the Si content is 4.7 to 5.2 wt.%. This is also achieved ensures that the Al content is 0.5 to 0.9 wt.%.
  • the gist of the invention is to provide a cast iron alloy which has a transformation temperature of more than 950 ° C, which in use in connection with internal combustion engines no disturbing Has stretching properties and the most cost-effective in one Casting can be produced.
  • An admixture of nickel remains limited to about 1 wt.%.
  • a Addition of zirconium in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 wt.% Immediately before Casting in the mold has proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • Zircon has a favorable influence on the oxidation resistance and the mechanical Strength.
  • the zircon may be added in the form of a master alloy.
  • the temperature during casting does not fall below 1460 ° C and if the Elements Al and Zr, for example as an Al-Zr master alloy, only immediately is added before pouring, it is possible ferritic cast iron products with a transformation temperature above temperature of over 950 ° C manufacture.
  • the products thus produced are characterized by a very low volume change as a function of temperature. a good Thermal shock resistance, good mechanical properties, good Oxidation resistance and a low raw material price.

Abstract

A cast iron alloy for a cast iron product, comprises, as ferrous constituents, positive additions of carbon, silicon, molybdenum, or aluminum, where the carbon is present at less than 2.9 wt.%. An independent claim is also included for a process for producing the cast iron alloy comprising adding aluminum (Al) and zirconium (Zr) as Al-Zr prealloy immediately before the alloy melt is cast.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Gusseisenlegierung für Gusseisenprodukte mit einer hohen Temperaturbeständigkeit, wobei die Legierung als Nicht-Eisenbestandteile zumindest die Elemente C, Si, Mo, Al und als Beimengungen Ni, Mg und/oder S enthält.The invention relates to a cast iron alloy for cast iron products a high temperature resistance, wherein the alloy as non-iron components at least the elements C, Si, Mo, Al and as admixtures Ni, Mg and / or S contains.

Im Kraftfahrzeugbau werden Gusseisenlegierungen verwendet für die Herstellung von Gussteilen, die eine hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit haben müssen, beispielsweise die Teile, die mit den heissen Abgasen des Verbrennungsmotors in Berührung kommen. Da die Verbrennungsmotoren immer höhere Leistungen erbringen, werden die Abgastemperaturen immer höher. Die Auspuffkrümmer und Gehäuse von Turboladern sind Temperaturen von 900 bis über 1000 °C ausgesetzt. Bei diesen hohen Temperaturen spielt die Umwandlungstemperatur, das heisst die Temperatur, wobei sich eine Kristallart der Legierung in einer anderen Kristallart umwandelt, eine wichtige Rolle. Bei der Umwandlungstemperatur erfolgt eine Volumenänderung und diese Volumenänderung führt zu unregelmässigem Dehnungsverhalten der Gussteilen. Die Legierungen, die eingesetzt werden können, müssen Umwandlungstemperaturen haben, die über der maximalen Gebrauchstemperatur liegen. Auch werden für die erwähnten hohen Gebrauchstemperaturen austenitische Stahlgusslegierungen oder Legierungen mit einem hohen Nickelanteil eingesetzt. Nickel ist ein relativ teueres Rohmaterial. Oft werden die Auspuffkrümmer auch aus Blechteilen geformt, wobei sich die schlechte Schalldämmung nachteilig bemerkbar macht. Diese Lösungen sind relativ aufwendig in der Herstellung.In automotive engineering cast iron alloys are used for the production of castings that need to have high temperature resistance, For example, the parts that are hot with the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine Come in contact. Since the internal combustion engines always higher performances yield, the exhaust gas temperatures are getting higher. The exhaust manifold and Turbocharger housings are temperatures from 900 to over 1000 ° C exposed. At these high temperatures, the transition temperature plays that is, the temperature, wherein a crystal of the alloy in a other crystal species, plays an important role. In the Conversion temperature is a change in volume and this Volume change leads to irregular expansion behavior of the castings. The alloys that can be used must Have conversion temperatures that are above the maximum service temperature lie. Also, for the mentioned high service temperatures austenitic cast steel alloys or alloys with a high Nickel content used. Nickel is a relatively expensive raw material. Often the Exhaust manifold also formed of sheet metal parts, with the bad Sound insulation makes disadvantageous noticeable. These solutions are relative consuming in the production.

Aus der EP 534850 B1 ist eine gattungsgemässe Gusseisenlegierung bekannt. Die Legierung enthält etwa 3,1 Gew.% C, 4,6 Gew.% Si, 1,9 Gew.% Al, 1 Gew.% Mo und gegebenenfalls noch Beimengungen von Co und Nb, Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Gusseisenlegierung anzugeben, die aus möglichst kostengünstigen Elementen hergestellt wird und wobei die Gussteile eine möglichst hohe Gebrauchstemperatur aufweisen.From EP 534850 B1 a generic cast iron alloy is known. The alloy contains about 3.1% by weight of C, 4.6% by weight of Si, 1.9% by weight of Al, 1% by weight. Mo and possibly admixtures of Co and Nb, Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention, a To specify cast iron alloy, the most cost-effective elements is produced and wherein the castings as high as possible Use temperature.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Gusseisenlegierung für Gusseisenprodukte mit einer hohen Temperaturbeständigkeit, wobei die Legierung als Nicht-Eisenbestandteile zumindest die Elemente C, Si, Mo, Al und als Beimengungen Ni, Mg und/oder S enthält und wobei der C-Gehalt weniger als 2,9 Gew.% beträgt.This task is solved by a cast iron alloy for cast iron products with a high temperature resistance, the alloy being non-iron components at least the elements C, Si, Mo, Al and as admixtures Ni, Mg and / or S and wherein the C content is less than 2.9 wt.%.

Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Preferred developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent Claims.

Es ist von Vorteil, dass die Legierung eine möglichst hohe Strukturstabilität und einen möglichst hohen Widerstand gegen die Oxidation hat. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Si-Gehalt 4,7 bis 5,2 Gew. % beträgt. Dies wird auch dadurch erreicht, dass der Al-Gehalt 0,5 bis 0,9 Gew. % beträgt.It is advantageous that the alloy has the highest possible structural stability and has the highest possible resistance to oxidation. This will be done achieved that the Si content is 4.7 to 5.2 wt.%. This is also achieved ensures that the Al content is 0.5 to 0.9 wt.%.

Der Kerngedanke der Erfindung ist es eine Gusseisenlegierung anzugeben, die eine Umwandlungstemperatur von mehr als 950 °C aufweist, die bei den Einsatz in Zusammenhang mit Verbrennungsmotoren keine störenden Dehnungseigenschaften hat und die möglichst kostengünstig in einem Giessverfahren hergestellt werden kann. Der Graphit in der Gusseisenlegierung kann sphäroidal (=kugelförmig) oder vermicular (=würmchenförmig) ausgebildet sein. Eine Beimengung von Nickel bleibt beschränkt auf etwa 1 Gew. %. Eine Beimengung von Zirkon im Bereich von 0,1 bis 0,4 Gew. % unmittelbar vor dem Abgiessen in die Form hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen. Zirkon hat einen günstigen Einfluss auf die Oxydationsbeständigkeit und die mechanische Festigkeit. Das Zirkon kann in der Form einer Vorlegierung zugegeben werden. The gist of the invention is to provide a cast iron alloy which has a transformation temperature of more than 950 ° C, which in use in connection with internal combustion engines no disturbing Has stretching properties and the most cost-effective in one Casting can be produced. The graphite in the cast iron alloy can be spheroidal (= spherical) or vermicular (= spiny) formed be. An admixture of nickel remains limited to about 1 wt.%. A Addition of zirconium in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 wt.% Immediately before Casting in the mold has proven to be particularly advantageous. Zircon has a favorable influence on the oxidation resistance and the mechanical Strength. The zircon may be added in the form of a master alloy.

Beispiel 1example 1

Ein Auspuffkrümmer für einen Verbrennungsmotor eines Personenkraftwagens aus Sphäroguss mit der folgenden chemischen Zusammensetzung in Gewichtsprozenten: 2,6 C, 5,1 Si, 0,1 Ni, 0,6 Mo, 0,6 Al, 0,6 Zr, 0,04 Mg und weniger als 0,01 S weist ein ferritisches Gefüge auf. Messungen in einem Dilatometer ergeben einen Längenausdehnungskoeffizient von 16.10-16 / K, was auf eine Umwandlungstemperatur von über 950 °C schliessen lässt. In einem Warmzugversuch bei einer Temperatur von 300 °C wurden folgende mechanischen Festigkeitswerten bestimmt: Rp0.2 = 575 N/mm2, Rm =600 N/mm2 und A = 0.4 %An exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine of a ductile iron passenger car having the following chemical composition in weight percent: 2.6 C, 5.1 Si, 0.1 Ni, 0.6 Mo, 0.6 Al, 0.6 Zr, 0.04 Mg and less than 0.01 S has a ferritic microstructure. Measurements in a dilatometer show a coefficient of linear expansion of 16.10 -16 / K, which suggests a transformation temperature of more than 950 ° C. In a hot tensile test at a temperature of 300 ° C, the following mechanical strength values were determined: Rp 0.2 = 575 N / mm 2 , Rm = 600 N / mm 2 and A = 0.4%

Beispiel 2Example 2

Ein Auspuffkrümmer für einen Verbrennungsmotor eines Personenkraftwagens aus Gusseisen mit Vermiculargraphit mit der folgenden chemischen Zusammensetzung in Gewichtsprozenten: 2,6 C, 5,1 Si, 1,0 Ni, 0,7 Mo, 0,6 Al, 0,3 Zr, 0,02 Mg und 0,02 S weist ein ferritisches Gefüge auf. Messungen in einem Dilatometer ergeben einen Längenausdehnungskoeffizient von 16.10-16 / K, was auf eine Umwandlungstemperatur von über 950 °C schliessen lässt. In einem Warmzugversuch bei einer Temperatur von 300 °C wurden folgende mechanischen Festigkeitswerten bestimmt: Rm =545 N/mm2 und A = 0.1 %An exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine of a vermicular graphite cast passenger car with the following chemical composition in weight percent: 2.6 C, 5.1 Si, 1.0 Ni, 0.7 Mo, 0.6 Al, 0.3 Zr, 0 , 02 Mg and 0.02 S has a ferritic microstructure. Measurements in a dilatometer show a coefficient of linear expansion of 16.10 -16 / K, which suggests a transformation temperature of more than 950 ° C. In a hot tensile test at a temperature of 300 ° C, the following mechanical strength values were determined: Rm = 545 N / mm 2 and A = 0.1%

Wenn die Temperatur beim Giessen nicht unter 1460 °C sinkt und wenn die Elemente Al und Zr, beispielsweise als eine Al-Zr-Vorlegierung, erst unmittelbar vor dem Abgiessen zugegeben wird, ist es möglich ferritische Gusseisenprodukte mit einer Umwandlungstemperatur von über Temperatur von über 950 °C herzustellen. Die so hergestellten Produkte zeichnen sich aus durch eine sehr geringe Volumenänderung in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur. eine gute Temperaturwechselbeständigkeit, gute mechanischen Eigenschaften, eine gute Oxidationsbeständigkeit und einen niedrigen Rohmaterialpreis.If the temperature during casting does not fall below 1460 ° C and if the Elements Al and Zr, for example as an Al-Zr master alloy, only immediately is added before pouring, it is possible ferritic cast iron products with a transformation temperature above temperature of over 950 ° C manufacture. The products thus produced are characterized by a very low volume change as a function of temperature. a good Thermal shock resistance, good mechanical properties, good Oxidation resistance and a low raw material price.

Claims (13)

Gusseisenlegierung für Gusseisenprodukte mit einer hohen Temperaturbeständigkeit, wobei die Legierung als Nicht-Eisenbestandteile zumindest die Elemente C, Si, Mo, Al und als Beimengungen Ni, Mg und/oder S enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass der C-Gehalt weniger als 2,9 Gew.% beträgt.Cast iron alloy for cast iron products with a high temperature resistance, the alloy containing as non-iron constituents at least the elements C, Si, Mo, Al and as admixtures Ni, Mg and / or S, characterized in that the C content is less than 2.9 wt .% is. Gusseisenlegierung nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der C-Gehalt 2,5 bis 2,8 Gew.% beträgt.Cast iron alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the C content is 2.5 to 2.8 wt.%. Gusseisenlegierung nach dem Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Si-Gehalt 4,7 bis 5,2 Gew.% beträgt.Cast iron alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Si content is 4.7 to 5.2 wt.%. Gusseisenlegierung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ni-Gehalt 0,1 bis 1,0 Gew.% beträgt.Cast iron alloy according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the Ni content is 0.1 to 1.0 wt.%. Gusseisenlegierung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mo-Gehalt 0,5 bis 0,9 Gew.% beträgt.Cast iron alloy according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Mo content is 0.5 to 0.9 wt.%. Gusseisenlegierung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Al-Gehalt 0,5 bis 0,9 Gew.% beträgt.Cast iron alloy according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the Al content is 0.5 to 0.9 wt.%. Gusseisenlegierung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zr-Gehalt 0,1 bis 0,4 Gew.% beträgt.Cast iron alloy according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the Zr content is 0.1 to 0.4 wt.%. Gusseisenlegierung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Graphitanteil kugelförmig ausgebildet ist.Cast iron alloy according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the graphite part is spherical. Gusseisenlegierung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Graphitanteil würmchenförmig ausgebildet ist. Cast iron alloy according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the graphite part is formed dwarf-shaped. Gusseisenlegierung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie für Gussteile, die mit dem Abgas von Verbrennungsmotoren in Berührung kommen, verwendet wird.Cast iron alloy according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is used for castings, which come into contact with the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines. Gusseisenlegierung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie für Auspuffkrümmer oder Turboladergehäuse in Kraftfahrzeugen verwendet wird.Cast iron alloy according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is used for exhaust manifold or turbocharger housing in motor vehicles. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Gusseisenlegierung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente Al und Zr als eine Al-Zr-Vorlegierung erst unmittelbar vor dem Abgiessen zur Schmelze zugegeben werden.Method for producing a cast iron alloy according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the elements Al and Zr are added as an Al-Zr master alloy only immediately before pouring to the melt. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Gusseisenlegierung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur der Schmelze vor dem Abgiessen oberhalb von 1460°C liegt.Process for producing a cast iron alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the temperature of the melt prior to pouring is above 1460 ° C.
EP03009679A 2002-07-24 2003-04-30 Cast iron Expired - Lifetime EP1386976B1 (en)

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SI200330078T SI1386976T1 (en) 2002-07-24 2003-04-30 Cast iron

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10233732 2002-07-24
DE10233732A DE10233732A1 (en) 2002-07-24 2002-07-24 Cast iron alloy

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EP1386976A1 true EP1386976A1 (en) 2004-02-04
EP1386976B1 EP1386976B1 (en) 2005-08-24

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US (1) US7156929B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1386976B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4489383B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1477223B (en)
AT (1) ATE302861T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10233732A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2244859T3 (en)
SI (1) SI1386976T1 (en)

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CN103898397B (en) * 2014-04-14 2016-03-30 天津新伟祥工业有限公司 Vehicle turbine shell and the high silicon molybdenum ferro-aluminum ferritic heat-proof nodular cast iron of vapor pipe
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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DE10233732A1 (en) 2004-02-05
ES2244859T3 (en) 2005-12-16
EP1386976B1 (en) 2005-08-24
DE50301032D1 (en) 2005-09-29
CN1477223A (en) 2004-02-25
SI1386976T1 (en) 2005-12-31
JP2004060055A (en) 2004-02-26
US7156929B2 (en) 2007-01-02
ATE302861T1 (en) 2005-09-15
JP4489383B2 (en) 2010-06-23
CN1477223B (en) 2011-06-22
US20040018111A1 (en) 2004-01-29

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