Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
  • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
  • D21H21/44—Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
  • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
  • D21H21/28—Colorants ; Pigments or opacifying agents
• • B42D2035/44—
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
  • D21H21/28—Colorants ; Pigments or opacifying agents
  • D21H21/285—Colorants ; Pigments or opacifying agents insoluble
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/50—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
  • D21H21/52—Additives of definite length or shape

Definitions

• the invention relates to a color coding for identifying objects, in particular documents of value, and a security element which can be applied to the objects and has such a color coding.
• value document means banknotes, checks, shares, tokens, ID cards, credit cards, passports and also other documents as well as labels, seals, packaging or other elements for product security.
• a document of value which contains complex, green-colored particles with a grain size of less than 1 ⁇ m, which contain a low-concentration substance that is luminescent in the IR range. If the particles are stored in the paper volume, the concentration is between 500 g and 10,000 g per ton of paper. If the particles are printed on, their concentration is 100 kg to 30 kg per ton of printing ink.
• the checking of such documents of value is complex and requires the use of both a particularly intensive excitation light source, for example a flashing light, and an IR sensor.
• DE-A-19923 959 describes a document of value with similarly complex color particles which are produced by crystal formation from several molecular sieves, the luminescent dye being incorporated into the molecular molecular sieves is installed. The presence or absence of one or more particles results in coding of the value document.
• EP-A-226367 several differently luminescent color particles are stored in paper in an amount of, for example, 4,000 g per ton of paper for identification purposes.
• the particle size is selected so that the particles do not disappear in the background, but are individually recognizable during the test. Since the test takes place in the dark, a particle size of 30 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 100 to 230 ⁇ m, is sufficient because of the luminescence of the particles.
• the particles are embedded in the security paper or the paper is coated with it.
• EP-A-219743 proposes significantly smaller luminescent color particles with a size of 10 to 35 ⁇ m and a concentration of 1 to 15 g per ton of paper.
• the color particles consist of transparent material in which the luminescent substances are embedded. Due to their extensive transparency and their small size, the particles are not visible to the naked eye, but they shine in the dark when exposed to UV radiation and can thus be identified individually.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a color coding for objects, in particular for securities, which opens up numerous variation possibilities at low cost and which is inconspicuous, that is to say is not readily recognizable to the naked eye, but can nevertheless be detected without great effort.
• the invention is based on a combination of features closely related to the color particles used, namely on the one hand the "particle size” and on the other hand the “particle concentration”.
• the particle size is selected such that the individual particles are no longer perceptible to the naked eye.
• the particle concentration is selected in such a way that it is not perceived by the human eye as coloring the product.
• Such color coding can be generated with simple color particles. It is imperceptible to the naked eye and is therefore not noticeable as an authenticity or identification feature, but is nevertheless recognizable with the simplest technical aids, such as a magnifying glass or a simple microscope.
• an enormous variety of color codes can be achieved by combining differently colored particles with color tones that are easily distinguishable from the human eye.
• the color perception of the human eye depends not only on the specific hue as such, but essentially also on the color saturation and the color brightness of the hue or on the contrast to the background. The lower the color saturation ("glow of color”) and the contrast, the less this is perceived as a coloring of the product for a given particle concentration. The same applies to the visual acuity or the resolution of the human eye. Because while contrasting colors may still be perceptible or resolvable with a given particle size, less contrasting colors may no longer be perceptible with the same particle size. It should also be borne in mind that the visual acuity decreases with age and also with the visual distance.
• preferred ranges of the particle size are between 1 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m, in particular 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, and preferred ranges of the particle concentration are between 10 in the event that the particles are mixed into a paper pulp g and 1000 g per ton of paper produced, in particular about 100 g per ton of paper produced, depending on the color tone, color saturation and color brightness of the particles and, moreover, also depending on the particle material.
• the required particle concentration (based on the paper pulp) also depends on whether, for example, the dyes are embedded in a transparent resin or polymer matrix or whether colored metal oxide particles are used.
• the color particles can be connected to the product in a variety of ways.
• the particles can be mixed with a printing ink, preferably in a concentration of 0.1% by weight, based on the printing ink, which is preferably white or transparent, but which can also be colored, provided that the color particles are in contrast to the latter Coloring can be clearly distinguished from the human eye.
• a printing ink preferably in a concentration of 0.1% by weight, based on the printing ink, which is preferably white or transparent, but which can also be colored, provided that the color particles are in contrast to the latter Coloring can be clearly distinguished from the human eye.
• the particles can be provided on or in a plastic carrier material which, for example, is at least partially embedded in a paper pulp.
• the plastic carrier material can have the form of a security thread, a mottled fiber or a planchette.
• the plastic or paper carrier material can also be attached to any other object, for example as part of product security measures.
• the carrier material is preferably designed as a label. If the backing material is part
• the color coding preferably comprises more than just one color.
• the mixed color brown and, moreover, black are suitable as further colors that are easily distinguishable from the aforementioned colors.
• some hues can be easily distinguished based on different brightnesses, for example light blue and dark blue.
• Particles in the aforementioned colors can be produced in a simple and inexpensive manner.
• Colored particles of valuable substances such as gold, ultramarine, malachite green, garnet and the like are also easy to produce, but are naturally more valuable and therefore more expensive.
• the use of such valuable particles can make sense in order to reduce their attractiveness to being counterfeited, without this complicating the production of the color coding or the checking of the color coding. For example, if you start from the nine aforementioned, easily and safely distinguishable shades, the following simple color scale results:
• the particles can, for example, consist of ground, selectively absorbing metal oxides, for example iron oxide Fe 2 0 3 , which appears red to the viewer, or chromium oxide, which appears green to the viewer.
• the particles can also consist of a resin, in particular a melamine resin or polyurethane resin, to which organic substances with the desired hues (for example red or green) are added. After curing, the melamine resin or polyurethane resin is brittle and therefore easy to grind.
• polymer materials in particular acrylic polymers, can also be used as the dye carrier insofar as these are brittle and can be ground.
• the particles are embedded in the product, for example by mixing them into the paper pulp during papermaking, it must be ensured that the particles are insoluble in the material, which is usually the case for organic dyes in melamine resin or polyurethane resin and acrylic polymers Case is.
• the color particles used are simple color particles which scatter independently of the angle and are therefore based either on selective absorption or diffuse scattering.
• the color particles reflect in the visual spectral range to the human eye to be perceptible without additional equipment, apart from a simple technical aid, such as a magnifying glass or a microscope.
• the magnification factor of these aids depends on the size of the particles used, ie the smaller the particles, the stronger the magnification factor has to be. With particle sizes of around 50 ⁇ m and more, a magnifying glass with 8x magnification (8x) is usually sufficient. For particle sizes smaller than about 50 ⁇ m, especially in the range of 10 ⁇ m, a microscope with 100x magnification (100x) is recommended.
• a special embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the colored particles are combined with any machine-readable features, for example also luminescent substances that are not perceptible to the naked eye in daylight.
• These luminescent substances can be provided separately, but are preferably embedded together with the dyes in the resin or polymer matrix.
• Such particles can then be detected both with the eye and with sensors, in particular if the luminescent substances luminesce exclusively outside the visual spectral range, for example fluoresce in the UV or IR spectral range.
• This combination is particularly advantageous if, in addition to marking the products, proof of authenticity should also be possible.
• Easily available luminescent substances can be used as luminescent dyes, but also luminescent substances specially developed for safety-related applications.
• the first-mentioned luminescent substances are preferably used to increase the number of variants for color coding. Fluorescent substances such as, for example, are suitable
• Distilbene derivatives with blue fluorescence or flavin or flavone dyes with yellow-green fluorescence are, for example, host lattices doped with rare earth elements.
• a single machine feature would be sufficient for the proof of authenticity, as many machine-readable features as the number of color particles are preferably provided.
• This has the advantage that the complete code can be seen both with the eye and with sensors.
• an embodiment is particularly preferred in which a luminescent substance is admixed to the different color particles, which luminesces in approximately the same color as the color particle in which the luminescent substance is incorporated.
• Luminescent substances which have body color in the visible spectral range, ie which appear colored to the human eye without an additional excitation source, but which also fluoresce when excited, can be used just as well.
• flexographic printing inks preferably consist of a colorless varnish with the addition such a small amount of particles that the printed color does not appear colored in itself.
• any pattern can be selected on the surface which, although not visible to the naked eye, can be detected by sensors, especially if the particles are combined with fluorescent substances or other machine-readable features.
• a paper sheet was formed, the suspension of which, prior to sheet formation, with finely ground iron oxide Fe 2 0 3 (red, particle size approx. 100 ⁇ m) and additionally with finely ground chromium oxide (green, particle size approx. 100 ⁇ m) in an amount of approx. 200 each g per ton of paper produced.
• the sheet was formed and dried on a paper sieve in the usual way.
• the red and green particles formed therein were 8-fold by means of a magnifying glass Magnification (8x) easily recognizable. Because of the small amount of colored particles, the paper sheet itself showed hardly any color deviation from white paper and is therefore not classified as discolored.
• the paper production was carried out in the same way as in Example 1. In this case, about 200 g of color particles per ton of paper produced were mixed into the paper stock suspension. In this case, however, the color particles were made from a melamine resin, which was used to produce red
• Color particles were mixed with a red organic dye and a green organic dye had been mixed in to produce green color particles.
• the melamine resin is e.g. around Maprenal VMF 3921w / 85WA (manufacturer: Vianova AG), to which 5% by weight red or green dye, based on the dry amount of resin, are added. After the melamine resin thus colored had hardened, a brittle, easily grindable resin was formed, from which the color particles (particle size approx. 20 ⁇ m) were obtained by grinding and added to the paper stock suspension. The particles were recognizable with a microscope with a 100x magnification (100x) and easily distinguishable without the paper showing any perceptible coloring.
• a paper sheet of 90 g / m 2 was formed, the suspension of which had been mixed with two different fluorescent particles (particle size approx. 20 ⁇ m) in an amount of approx. 200 g per ton of paper produced before the sheet formation.
• the sheet was formed and dried on a paper sieve in the usual way.
• the particles were made from melamine resin Maprenal VMF 3921 w / 85 WA (manufacturer Vianova AG), which contains 5% by weight of nylosan rhodamine B300, based on the dry resin quantity, to produce red color particles, and 5% by weight Blankophor BA to produce colorless particles, based on the amount of dry resin was added. Then the mixture is made
• Maprenal and Nylosan Rhodamin B300 or Blankophor BA are each poured into a tray lined with polyester film and dried in an oven at 120 ° C. The film is removed and the hardened mass scraped off. The hardened mass is then crushed in a hammer mill and sieved through a sieve with a mesh size of 30 ⁇ m. The particle fraction passed through the sieve is added to the pulp suspension used for sheet formation.
• Blankophor BA fluoresces blue in the visible spectral range
• Nylosan Rhodamin B 300 fluoresces red in the visible spectral range.
• Nylosan Rhodamine B300 has a red body color in the visible spectral range. The particles were recognizable with a microscope with a 100x magnification (100x) and easily distinguishable without the paper showing any perceptible coloring.
• a pulp suspension e.g. a suspension of 100 g pine sulfate pulp in 51 water
• Blankophor B A resin particles as produced in Example 3 (colorless, fluorescent blue when excited in UV, particle size 25 ⁇ m) and 10 mg mica (metallic gloss, particle size approx. 40 ⁇ m) added.
• Sheets of 90 g / m 2 are formed from this mixture on a paper sieve in the usual way. Under a microscope with 100x magnification, blue, red and shiny metallic particles can be recognized and easily distinguished without the paper showing any perceptible coloring.

Landscapes

• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
• Finance (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
• Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
• Automatic Tape Cassette Changers (AREA)
• Holo Graphy (AREA)
• Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-04-02 DE DE10116315A patent/DE10116315A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2002
  • 2002-03-26 AT AT02712958T patent/ATE372416T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-03-26 WO PCT/EP2002/003400 patent/WO2002078964A2/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2002-03-26 EP EP02712958A patent/EP1383959B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-03-26 DE DE50210852T patent/DE50210852D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-03-26 AU AU2002244755A patent/AU2002244755A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-03-26 ES ES02712958T patent/ES2289089T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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