EP1380656A1 - Direktschmelzanlage sowie Verfahren - Google Patents

Direktschmelzanlage sowie Verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1380656A1
EP1380656A1 EP02077780A EP02077780A EP1380656A1 EP 1380656 A1 EP1380656 A1 EP 1380656A1 EP 02077780 A EP02077780 A EP 02077780A EP 02077780 A EP02077780 A EP 02077780A EP 1380656 A1 EP1380656 A1 EP 1380656A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metallurgical vessel
vessel
lances
lance
metallurgical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02077780A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Mark Bernard Denys
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Corus Technology BV
Original Assignee
Corus Technology BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corus Technology BV filed Critical Corus Technology BV
Priority to EP02077780A priority Critical patent/EP1380656A1/de
Priority to RU2005103401/02A priority patent/RU2325445C2/ru
Priority to CA2492243A priority patent/CA2492243C/en
Priority to US10/520,480 priority patent/US7550108B2/en
Priority to AU2003281064A priority patent/AU2003281064B2/en
Priority to MXPA05000456A priority patent/MXPA05000456A/es
Priority to KR1020057000472A priority patent/KR101000142B1/ko
Priority to EP03740456.3A priority patent/EP1521853B1/de
Priority to BRPI0312653-6B1A priority patent/BR0312653B1/pt
Priority to CN038199130A priority patent/CN1688721B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2003/007527 priority patent/WO2004007777A2/en
Priority to JP2004520595A priority patent/JP2005537388A/ja
Publication of EP1380656A1 publication Critical patent/EP1380656A1/de
Priority to ZA200500207A priority patent/ZA200500207B/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
    • C21C5/567—Manufacture of steel by other methods operating in a continuous way
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C21B13/143—Injection of partially reduced ore into a molten bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/305—Afterburning
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
    • C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
    • C22B15/0047—Smelting or converting flash smelting or converting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a metallurgical vessel comprising a bottom portion, a sidewall and a lance arrangement of at least two lances for supplying oxygen containing gas to the interior of the vessel in operation wherein each lance comprises an end portion for emitting oxygen containing gas.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of iron making.
  • metallurgical vessel refers to a vessel suitable for treating metal or metal oxide, metal smelting, refining or reducing.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a metallurgical vessel which can be used on a large scale with increased production efficiency and reduced clogging of equipment positioned in a roof portion of the vessel.
  • the present invention improves on the prior art as the lance arrangement is suitable for increasing in operation a downwardly directed flow of post-combusted gases at the side wall of the vessel and an upwardly directed flow of post-combusted gases in the centre of the vessel.
  • post-combusted gases refers to the gases which are produced during reactions in the metallurgical vessel and are subsequently at least partially post combusted.
  • the present invention has the considerable advantage that it can be successfully used for vessels of large diameter by stimulating a very favourable gas flow in the body of the vessel.
  • the gas flow results in reduced heat loads on the walls whilst the plurality of lances ensure a good distribution of oxygen containing gas and therefore good heat distribution over the vessel area, thereby increasing production efficiency.
  • the present invention also mitigates the problem of clogging of and damage to, e.g. ports, seals, sensors and measuring equipment positioned in the roof portion of the vessel which are expensive and difficult to replace or repair. This problem of clogging arises when particulates are entrained in the upward flow of post combusted gases directed to the roof portion of the vessel.
  • the lance configuration of the present invention creates a downward flow of post combusted gases at the sidewall whilst the upwardly directed flow occurs at the centre of the vessel. Any particulates entrained in the upward flow therefore pass up the centre of the vessel and have less chance of coming into contact with any of the equipment, ports, seals or sensors projecting through the roof.
  • EP 0 735 146 discloses a metallurgical vessel of the converter type in which pre-reduced iron ore undergoes a final reduction.
  • the bottom portion of the metallurgical vessel contains the iron bath whilst the wall or side wall extends upwardly from the bottom portion, enclosing the slag layer.
  • the roof portion extends from the top of the sidewall over the interior of the vessel and connects with the melting cyclone.
  • a plurality of lances project through the wall of the metallurgical vessel and supply oxygen to the interior of the vessel.
  • the lances are specified as being orientated vertically as much as possible in order to achieve the same effect as when using a central lance i.e. that the oxygen can be supplied to the vessel at the same place above the slag layer even when the level of slag layer varies.
  • the present invention improves on the prior art as the lances are configured to increase a downwardly directed flow of post-combusted gases at the side wall of the vessel and an upwardly directed flow of post-combusted gases in the centre of the vessel.
  • At least one of the lances may be provided with means for emitting a plurality of jets of oxygen containing gas from its end portion.
  • Such a lance can emit oxygen over a wider surface area of the contents of the vessel compared to a single jet.
  • the lances are preferably configured with at least one of the lances projecting through the roof portion of the metallurgical vessel.
  • the roof portion of the vessel extends from the top of the sidewall to the melting cyclone. At least one of the lances thus penetrates through part of the vessel that does not come into contact with the contents of the vessel thereby avoiding damage to the seal around the lance at the point it penetrates the vessel.
  • At least one lance is preferably arranged to direct the oxygen containing gas inwards towards the central axis of the metallurgical vessel. Directing the gas inwards towards the central axis of the vessel creates an area of low pressure at the lance end portion resulting in post combusted gas being entrained downward at the sidewall towards the end portion of the lance whilst an upward flow of post combusted gas is generated up through the centre of the vessel.
  • the central axis extends essentially vertically through the centre of the vessel.
  • At least one of the lances may be inclined from the vertical with its end portion inclined towards the central axis of the metallurgical vessel. Inclining a lance directs the oxygen containing gas inwards towards the central axis of the metallurgical vessel and improves the distribution of oxygen containing gas over the surface of the contents of the vessel.
  • the end portion of at least one lance may also be configured to direct the oxygen containing gas towards the central axis of the metallurgical vessel at a greater angle from the vertical than the angle of inclination of the lance thereby increasing the upward and downward gas flow generated in the vessel.
  • the lances may be adjustable in height and therefore able to be positioned at an optimal height over the surface of the of the vessel contents when the vessel is at varying levels of fullness.
  • the angle of inclination of the lances may also be adjustable to enable the distribution of oxygen containing gas over the surface of the contents of the vessel to be optimised.
  • the lance end portions may all be positioned at an equal distance from the sidewall to achieve the most effective heat distribution over the surface of the vessel contents to maximise production efficiency.
  • Preferably three or more lances supply oxygen containing gas to the contents of the vessel to ensure optimum heat distribution and production efficiency.
  • Particulate material may preferably be added to the metallurgical vessel via feed chutes positioned at a short distance from the lances.
  • the downward gas flow in the vicinity of the sidewall thus entrains the particulate material in the form of e.g. coal fines and transports it down towards the end portions of the oxygen lances and the slag layer.
  • the preferred embodiment thus results in a significantly lower loss of particulate material, such as coal fines, from the vessel and a higher production efficiency as a greater proportion of the particulate material is available as a reactant.
  • each lance has a corresponding feed chute so that the particulate material added through the chute is entrained into the circulating gas flow generated by the lance.
  • the optimal position for each chute is to be positioned between the lance and the sidewall of the metallurgical vessel, in a radial direction, where the downward flow of the post combusted gases is at a maximum.
  • the metallurgical vessel of the present invention preferably comprises a melting cyclone positioned above, and in open communication with, the vessel. None of the oxygen lances thus has to withstand the heat and corrosive environment of the cyclone as they do not extend through the cyclone.
  • a melting cyclone is disclosed in Dutch patent NL C 257692 and EP 0735146.
  • the lances are preferably positioned to avoid contact with molten material passing downwards from the melting cyclone to the metallurgical vessel so that the molten material does not damage the lances. Replacement and/or repair of damaged lances is costly and reduces production efficiency.
  • the metallurgical vessel of the present invention may be used for iron making and steel making.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of reducing iron oxide into iron using a metallurgical vessel in accordance with the invention and comprising the steps of supplying iron oxides to the vessel and reducing the iron oxides by supplying carbonaceous material to the vessel and supplying oxygen containing gas to the iron oxides via the plurality of lances.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of iron making comprising the steps of:
  • the apparatus in figure 1 comprises a metallurgical vessel 1, a melting cyclone 2 (details not shown) and a plurality of lances 3, of which two are shown. More lances may be used depending on, for example, the size of the vessel and the performance parameters of the lances.
  • the metallurgical vessel itself comprises a bottom portion 4, a sidewall 5 and a roof portion 6 which extends from the top of the sidewall 5 to the melting cyclone 2.
  • the metallurgical vessel contains an iron bath 11 with a slag layer 10 on top and the vessel comprises at least one tap hole 19 for tapping off molten iron and slag.
  • Oxygen containing gas is supplied to the interior of the vessel by the lances 3 which acts to finally reduce the pre-reduced iron oxide in the slag layer.
  • a process gas comprising reducing carbon monoxide is produced and at least partially combusted above the slag layer 10, thereby releasing heat needed for the final reduction.
  • the at least partially post combusted gas resulting from the post combustion is referred to as post combusted gas.
  • Particulate coal is supplied to the interior of the vessel 1 via the feed chutes 12.
  • the lances 3 project into the vessel through the roof 6 and are configured to create a downwardly directed flow of the post-combusted gas at the sidewall 5 of the vessel and an upwardly directed flow of post combusted gas in the centre of the vessel 9.
  • the upwardly directed post combusted gas comprising reducing carbon monoxide, is further post-combusted in the melting cyclone 2 with oxygen containing gas supplied to the melting cyclone.
  • Iron oxide supplied to the melting cyclone via apparatus 13 is pre-reduced approximately to FeO and at least partly melted.
  • the pre-reduced iron oxide 14 then falls or flows down into the metallurgical vessel 1.
  • the central axis extends essentially vertically through the centre of the vessel.
  • the lances extend to above the slag layer 10 and the lances are adjustable in height so they can be positioned optimally for supplying oxygen containing gas even when the vessel is at varying levels of fullness.
  • the lances 3 are inclined from the vertical and the end portions 8 are configured to direct a jet 7 or jets of oxygen containing gas towards the centre of the vessel either at the same inclination of the lance or at greater angle from the vertical than the inclination of the lance.
  • Figure 5 shows in detail the end portion 8 of a lance 3 having four ports 17 which emit four jets 18 of oxygen containing gas.
  • the lances 3 are positioned so that their ends are all of equal distance from the sidewall.
  • the number of lances projecting into the vessel can be varied depending on the size of the metallurgical vessel and the surface area of slag covered by each lance.
  • the number of ports in the end portion of the lances can also be varied.
  • Figure 2 shows the positions of the three feed chutes 12 with respect to the three oxygen lances 3 of figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows a section of the vessel 1, a lance 3 projecting into the section of the vessel and the trajectories 15 of coal particles added to the vessel.
  • the advantage obtained by adding coal particles a short distance from the lances is clear as the particles are entrained towards the slag layer with the downward flow of post-combusted gases at the sidewall of the vessel.
  • figure 4 shows the trajectories 16 of coal particles added between the lances. It can be seen that the majority of the particles are entrained in the upwardly directed flow of post-combusted gases in the centre of the vessel and leave the vessel. A significant proportion of the coal particles added thus never become available as reactants in the slag layer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
EP02077780A 2002-07-10 2002-07-10 Direktschmelzanlage sowie Verfahren Withdrawn EP1380656A1 (de)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02077780A EP1380656A1 (de) 2002-07-10 2002-07-10 Direktschmelzanlage sowie Verfahren
EP03740456.3A EP1521853B1 (de) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 Metallurgisches gefäss und verfahren zur herstellung von roheisen durch direktreduktion
BRPI0312653-6B1A BR0312653B1 (pt) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 recipiente metalérgico para produzir ferro
US10/520,480 US7550108B2 (en) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 Metallurgical vessel
AU2003281064A AU2003281064B2 (en) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 Metallurgical vessel and method of iron making by means of direct reduction
MXPA05000456A MXPA05000456A (es) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 Contenedor metalurgico y metodo para fabricar hierro por medio de reduccion directa.
KR1020057000472A KR101000142B1 (ko) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 금속용기
RU2005103401/02A RU2325445C2 (ru) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 Металлургический сосуд и способ прямого восстановления железа
CA2492243A CA2492243C (en) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 Metallurgical vessel and method of iron making by means of direct reduction
CN038199130A CN1688721B (zh) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 冶金容器
PCT/EP2003/007527 WO2004007777A2 (en) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 Metallurgical vessel and method of iron making by means of direct reduction
JP2004520595A JP2005537388A (ja) 2002-07-10 2003-07-10 冶金容器
ZA200500207A ZA200500207B (en) 2002-07-10 2005-01-10 Metallurgical vessel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02077780A EP1380656A1 (de) 2002-07-10 2002-07-10 Direktschmelzanlage sowie Verfahren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1380656A1 true EP1380656A1 (de) 2004-01-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02077780A Withdrawn EP1380656A1 (de) 2002-07-10 2002-07-10 Direktschmelzanlage sowie Verfahren

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1380656A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200500207B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008122527A2 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-16 Corus Technology Bv Method and device for preparing a reducing agent for use in a metal making process, metal making process and metal making apparatus using said device
CN105674739A (zh) * 2016-04-04 2016-06-15 河南金阳铝业有限公司 具有副投料口的熔铝炉

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4195985A (en) * 1977-12-10 1980-04-01 Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshutte Mbh. Method of improvement of the heat-balance in the refining of steel
US4399983A (en) * 1980-03-05 1983-08-23 Arbed S.A. Apparatus for the production of liquid iron, especially for directly producing liquid iron from ore
EP0735146A1 (de) * 1995-03-29 1996-10-02 Hoogovens Staal B.V. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Roheisen durch Direktreduktion
EP0756012A1 (de) * 1995-07-27 1997-01-29 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Entkohlungsverfahren für chromenthaltende geschmolzene Metalle und Aufblaslanze
US5681526A (en) * 1996-04-23 1997-10-28 Usx Corporation Method and apparatus for post-combustion of gases during the refining of molten metal
WO2000022176A1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Technological Resources Pty Ltd A process and an apparatus for producing metals and metal alloys

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4195985A (en) * 1977-12-10 1980-04-01 Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshutte Mbh. Method of improvement of the heat-balance in the refining of steel
US4399983A (en) * 1980-03-05 1983-08-23 Arbed S.A. Apparatus for the production of liquid iron, especially for directly producing liquid iron from ore
EP0735146A1 (de) * 1995-03-29 1996-10-02 Hoogovens Staal B.V. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Roheisen durch Direktreduktion
EP0756012A1 (de) * 1995-07-27 1997-01-29 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Entkohlungsverfahren für chromenthaltende geschmolzene Metalle und Aufblaslanze
US5681526A (en) * 1996-04-23 1997-10-28 Usx Corporation Method and apparatus for post-combustion of gases during the refining of molten metal
WO2000022176A1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Technological Resources Pty Ltd A process and an apparatus for producing metals and metal alloys

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008122527A2 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-16 Corus Technology Bv Method and device for preparing a reducing agent for use in a metal making process, metal making process and metal making apparatus using said device
WO2008122527A3 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-12-04 Corus Technology Bv Method and device for preparing a reducing agent for use in a metal making process, metal making process and metal making apparatus using said device
RU2477755C2 (ru) * 2007-04-04 2013-03-20 Тата Стил Недерланд Текнолоджи Б.В. Способ и устройство для приготовления восстановителя для применения в процессе производства металла, процесс производства металла и аппарат для производства металла, использующий упомянутое устройство
CN105674739A (zh) * 2016-04-04 2016-06-15 河南金阳铝业有限公司 具有副投料口的熔铝炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA200500207B (en) 2006-07-26

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