EP1376614A2 - Procédé pour fabriquer un écran d'enregistrement luminescent transparent sans liant - Google Patents

Procédé pour fabriquer un écran d'enregistrement luminescent transparent sans liant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1376614A2
EP1376614A2 EP03101691A EP03101691A EP1376614A2 EP 1376614 A2 EP1376614 A2 EP 1376614A2 EP 03101691 A EP03101691 A EP 03101691A EP 03101691 A EP03101691 A EP 03101691A EP 1376614 A2 EP1376614 A2 EP 1376614A2
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phosphor
layer
structured
melting
phosphor layer
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EP03101691A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1376614A3 (fr
Inventor
Luc c/o Agfa Gevaert Struye
Paul c/o Agfa Gevaert Leblans
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Agfa HealthCare NV
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Agfa Gevaert NV
Agfa HealthCare NV
Agfa Gevaert AG
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Priority to EP03101691A priority Critical patent/EP1376614A3/fr
Publication of EP1376614A2 publication Critical patent/EP1376614A2/fr
Publication of EP1376614A3 publication Critical patent/EP1376614A3/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
    • G21K2004/04—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens with an intermediate layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
    • G21K2004/06—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens with a phosphor layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
    • G21K2004/10—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens with a protective film
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
    • G21K2004/12—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens with a support

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a binderless storage phosphor screen having a stimulable phosphor for storage of X-ray images, stored as latent images therein, and a method to manufacture such a screen.
  • Storage phosphor screens are known in the art as screens wherein a latent X-ray image is stored when making use of a stimulable phosphor as a medium absorbing and storing radiation energy emitted by an X-ray source.
  • X-rays when having passed through an object (as e.g. a human body) provide the phosphor grains in the screen with a "latent image" which should be read out in order to make that "latent image” visible and ready for inspection by a medicine.
  • Read-out of the X-ray image is achieved by exciting the phosphor with stimulating radiation (of longer wavelengths), thereby stimulating the phosphor to emit radiation of a shorter wavelength, which should be captured by a detector.
  • stimulating radiation of longer wavelengths
  • the energy of the holes stored in the traps is boosted and they can fall back into lower energy levels, whereby the energy difference is radiated in the form of light quanta.
  • the stimulable phosphor thereby emits light dependent on the energy stored in the phosphor.
  • the light emitted as a result of this stimulation is detected and rendered visible, so that the x-ray image which was latently stored in the screen can be read out.
  • a problem in the read-out of such screens is that the stimulable phosphor is not sufficiently transparent for the stimulable laser light.
  • a minimum thickness of the stimulable phosphor is required to be able to achieve adequate X-ray quantum absorptions.
  • the laser beam is so greatly attenuated by the phosphor that the penetration depth of the laser beam is too small. Because the energy is no longer adequate for boosting the holes to the energy level required for quantum emission, the information stored in the deeper levels cannot be read out and speed of the storage phosphor screen is reduced. Moreover as the storage phosphor particles are embedded in a binder, it is important that the said binder is made of a light-transmissive carrier material, fixing the phosphor grains. Transparency for both stimulation and stimulated radiation is thus required, in favour of speed.
  • filling voids has been realised by measures related with application of a radiation-curable protection layer liquid, a polymeric compound and sublimated dyes respectively.
  • Filling the voids should be considered as an alternative for needle-shaped phosphors in order to avoid destruction of the needles by compression, as well-known applied technique for powder phosphors, in order to enhance their package density in a screen. It is not excluded that powder phosphors taking advantage with respect to speed by such compression action degrade with respect to sharpness as particle boundaries between powder particles may act as scatter centers for read-out radiation.
  • a method for manufacturing a binderless storage phosphor screen comprising a support and a stimulable phosphor layer with a layer thickness in the range from 100 ⁇ m up to 1000 ⁇ m, said phosphor layer having a transparency of at least 50 % for radiation in the wavelength range from 350 nm up to 750 nm has thus been provided, characterised in that said transparency has been realised by melting of a powdery phosphor or a phosphor present in structured form in a structured layer in order to get a liquid phosphor layer, followed by solidifying said liquid phosphor layer.
  • the transparency of the layer is at least 70 % and most preferably even at least 90 %.
  • melting proceeds by heating said phosphor up to a temperature exceeding its melting temperature.
  • Exceeding the temperature is limited to a difference of at most 40°C, more preferably, less than 20°C and even most preferably up to at most 10°C.
  • Heating may proceed in a controlled - not too fast - way, by means of heating sources as electrically heating, by induction, by an infra-red source and by microwaves.
  • melting of said powdery phosphor proceeds on a heat-resistant support or in a crucible, followed by coating onto said heat-resistant support.
  • the melting process according to the method of the present invention starts from the phosphor particles in powdery form or from phosphor particles after having been coated on a screen or panel support.
  • phosphors in powdery form are brought onto a panel or screen support or substrate, without a binder, and are heated up to the melting point. Heating may proceed in an oven, wherein it is required to exceed the melting temperature of the phosphor powder.
  • the way in which this energy will be added to the phosphor powder is decisive for the choice of the support medium: metallic, heat-conducting supports will be very suitable as heating can proceed without unevenness, over the whole surface of the support, as well as over the depth of the phosphor layer.
  • a metallic heat-conducting support may e.g. be an aluminum layer having a thickness from 100 ⁇ m up to 5000 ⁇ m.
  • Heating of the support as such is recommended. Heating may further proceed, under well-controlled conditions, e.g. by induction. Common applied temperatures for phosphors in order to bring them in the desired molten aggregation state are in the range of about 700-800 °C. In an oven heating may moreover be performed under changing conditions of gaseous compositions and/or of pressure of the said gaseous compositions.
  • the powdery phosphors are molten in a crucible, again up to temperatures in the range as set forth, before being coated onto a suitable support, which again may be a metallic support or another heat-resistant support as e.g. a ceramic support, glassy carbon and carbon-carbon composites in general, Pertinax®, Kevlar®, quartz, molybdenum, tungsten, Iconel® Stellite-6®, stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloys, nickel-chromium and nickel-thoria alloys, structural intermetallics, structural ceramics, cermets and cemented carbides, stones as more particularly slate, marble-like and glazed stones, without however being limited thereto.
  • a suitable support which again may be a metallic support or another heat-resistant support as e.g. a ceramic support, glassy carbon and carbon-carbon composites in general, Pertinax®, Kevlar®, quartz, molybdenum, tungsten, Iconel® Stellite-6®,
  • a coating step of the molten phosphor will thus be performed in that method and the surface tension of the molten phosphor and the viscosity, as well as changes (abrupt or in controlled conditions) will be decisive for the homogeneity and transparency of the thus obtained layers.
  • Deviations from the average transparency over the layer should be less than 20 %, more preferably less than 10 % and most preferably even not more than 5 %.
  • differences in speed and sharpness over the solidified phosphor foil are lower than 10 % and in more preferred cases even lower than 5 %.
  • said method proceeds by melting of a phosphor present in structured form in a structured layer, and more particularly, by heating said layer on one or both sides of said phosphor layer.
  • a quite differing method starts from phosphors having been prepared by chemical vapour deposition under vacuum, as the phosphors described in WO 01/03156 and the corresponding EP-A 1 203 394 and, more particularly from the needle-shaped Eu-activated alkali metal halide phosphors described in EP-A 1 113 458, providing structured phosphor layers.
  • the storage phosphor used in a panel or screen of the present invention is preferably an alkali metal storage phosphor.
  • a phosphor is disclosed in US-A-5 736 069 and corresponds to the formula : M 1+ x.aM 2+ x' 2 bM 3+ x'' 3 :cz wherein: M 1+ is at least one member selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Cs and Rb, M 2+ is at least one member selected from the group consisting of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb and Ni, M 3+ is at least one member selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Al, Bi, In and Ga, Z is at least one member selected from the group Ga 1+ , Ge 2+ , Sn 2+ , Sb 3+ and As 3+
  • An especially preferred phosphor for use in a panel or screen of this invention is a CsX:Eu stimulable phosphor, wherein X represents a halide selected from the group consisting of Br and Cl, produced by a method comprising the steps of :
  • An europium activated cesium bromide phosphor giving an increased stimulated emission amount is represented by the formula CsBr:xEu wherein 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.2, in which a relationship between an emission intensity I E of Eu 2+ and a colouring intensity IF at F (Br - ) center satisfies the condition of 0.2 ⁇ I E xI F , and/or in which a ratio of Eu 2+ to Eu 3+ contained in the phosphor in terms of emission intensity satisfies the condition of 5x10 -5 ⁇ Eu 3+ /Eu 2+ ⁇ 0.1 as has been described in published US-Application No. 2002/0041977.
  • Phosphors of the type as mentioned hereinbefore require melting temperatures exceeding 760 °C, whereafter solidification proceeds in order to get a transparent layer.
  • it is recommended to slow down the solidifying process at a rate of about 2°C per minute.
  • melting proceeds under controlled conditions at one surface of the structured phosphor layer of the panel by heating the said surface up to a depth in the range from 10 to 90 % of the layer thickness.
  • heating of the surface or surface layer of the needle-shaped phosphor layer proceeds up to a depth in the range from 30 to 70 %.
  • the "partially structured screen" in that part of the layer wherein needle-shaped crystals are still present
  • will still act as a "light-piping" entity which disappears when melting the whole structured layer up to a depth of 100 %)
  • transparency of that partial layer provides an increase of speed, together with an excellent sharpness due to the optical characteristics at the surface of the phosphor layer.
  • the melting process thus offers an alternative for other measures taken before in order to fill those voids, as has already been discussed in the background of the present invention. Melting may be provoked e.g.
  • the surface layer of the needle-shaped binderless phosphor layer in contact with a heated flat, optionally polished metal plate: controlled and homogeneous heating over the whole panel surface, up to a well-defined depth is recommended.
  • the flat metal plate can moreover easily be removed and the partially molten panel surface can be covered with a protective layer.
  • the surface layer of the needle-shaped binderless phosphor layer is brought in contact with a heated "rough" metal plate, e.g. an aluminum plate with a well-defined "roughness” e.g. in the range from about 1 ⁇ m up to 2 ⁇ m, measured with a perth-o-meter.
  • a heated "rough" metal plate e.g. an aluminum plate with a well-defined "roughness” e.g. in the range from about 1 ⁇ m up to 2 ⁇ m, measured with a perth-o-meter.
  • the assembly can be cooled, so that adhesion of the (in part molten) phosphor layer is guaranteed. In this case it is recommended to provide the molten phase up to a depth in the range from about 5 up to about 20 % and, more preferably, in the range from 5 up to 10 %.
  • the original needle-shaped binderless phosphor has originally been coated onto an easy peelable undercoat (providing low or moderate adhesion, said forces being at least lower than the binding forces after melting between the molten part and the "rough" metal layer above) it is recommended to peel off the needle-shaped layer and to adhere the metal layer onto another substrate.
  • a substrate or panel support may e.g. be same or another metal (adhesion by brazing) or another support (adhered by e.g. glueing by means of a suitable adhesive).
  • a preferred support is e.g.
  • amorphous carbon having as characteristic advantage that X-rays will be absorbed to a much lesser extent than in the phosphor layer and in the metal layer inbetween.
  • melting proceeds under controlled conditions at both surfaces (of the originally structured phosphor layer) so that thickness ratios of three consecutive phase areas in the phosphor layer, being two outermost non-structured phase areas and an inner structured phase area, are in ranges from 0.1-1:3-9:7-1 from bottom to top, and wherein both outermost areas are non-structured by melting, followed by solidifying.
  • a laser or a heated plate or layer emitting infra-red radiation may be sufficient to provoke melting of a thin surface layer. It is clear that it is preferred to have a shorter and more intense irradiation when melting up to a smaller depth is envisaged, as energy absorption is at its highest level at the topcoat surface and as that fraction of the surface is heated at the highest speed. Slow addition of energy (by providing infrared irradiation of lower intensity over a longer time period may be useful in order to get a higher fraction of the phosphor layer in a molten aggregation state.
  • the flat surface with partially non-structured previously molten phosphor provides a flat base for depositing a protective layer, as e.g. the moisture-proof preferred parylene layer as described in EP-A 1 286 364.
  • a protective layer as e.g. the moisture-proof preferred parylene layer as described in EP-A 1 286 364.
  • the method of forming a flat surface of a phosphor layer, and, more preferably a needle-shaped phosphor layer, is an alternative for polishing the surface of such a phosphor layer according to the method described in WO 02/20868.
  • the present invention thus provides a binderless storage phosphor screen or panel prepared according to the method described before, wherein the phosphor layer is composed of structured and non-structured areas in having same chemical composition.
  • a method for manufacturing a transparent binderless storage phosphor screen providing excellent sharpness has thus been realised by increasing transparency of the binderless phosphor layer in the screen, for stimulating as well as for stimulated radiation, by bringing said phosphor particles, without a binder, on a support material in a molten aggregation state, followed by solidifying them.
  • a binderless storage phosphor panel or screen comprising a transparent phosphor layer thus becomes provided, wherein said screen or panel has been prepared according to the method described hereinbefore and wherein, in a preferred embodiment, the screen or panel is a binderless phosphor screen or panel, and wherein said phosphor layer comprises a CsX:Eu phosphor, X representing a halide selected from the group consisting of Br and Cl, and wherein the phosphor is present as one non-structured (solidified) transparent, preferably homogeneous layer (from the point of view of thickness as well as of chemical composition) or as a phosphor layer partially present in structured (needle-shaped) and in non-structured phases.
  • a phosphor layer having a thickness in the range from 100 ⁇ m up to 1000 ⁇ m one or more phases differing from the needle-shaped, structured phase are preferred.
  • Speed increase can thus be expected in the first place because the light emitted by photostimulation escapes from the storage phosphor foil without being scattered in all directions, whereas the stimulation light from the laser source, which becomes scattered neither, mainly provokes excellent sharpness.
  • the phosphor screen or panel still comprises a needle-shaped structured phase (of vacuum deposited, structured phosphor), present in the phosphor layer and even more preferred the needle-shaped phase has an adjacent transparent phosphor layer phase at both sides: one inbetween the substrate or support and the needle-shaped phase and one inbetween the needle-shaped phase and the outermost surface of the phosphor layer. It is further remarkable that, although having different phases in one and the same phosphor layer, the chemical composition of the phosphor layer is the same over the whole phosphor layer.
  • the support on which the phosphor is deposited can be heated up to a temperature of about 400°C, so that use of a thermostable support is necessary. Therefore, though being a support containing only elements with low atomic number (Z), a polymeric support is not very suitable.
  • An amorphous carbon film in the support opens perspectives in order to produce a binderless storage phosphor screen on a support with low X-ray absorption, even if the storage phosphor layer is applied by vacuum deposition at fairly high temperatures.
  • Amorphous carbon films suitable for use in this invention are commercially available through, e.g., Tokay Carbon Co, LTD of Tokyo, Japan or Nisshinbo Industries, Inc of Tokyo, Japan, where they are termed "Glass-Like Carbon Film", or “Glassy Carbon”.
  • the thickness of the amorphous carbon layer may range from 100 ⁇ m up to 3000 ⁇ m, a thickness between 500 ⁇ m and 2000 ⁇ m being preferred as a compromise between flexibility, strength and X-ray absorption.
  • the support layer which may be an amorphous carbon layer or another layer, is covered with a layer having a reflectivity of at least 80 % (which means that it preferably reflects at least 80 % of the light impinging on it in a specular way).
  • a substrate with a surface roughness of less than 2 ⁇ m being a metal (preferably aluminum) layer
  • the phase with the needle-shaped phosphor in contact with the substrate or separated from it by a thin transparent layer in the range of up to at most about 20 % of the total phosphor layer thickness, but more preferred less than 10 % and even less, in favour of an extra increased sharpness through light-piping in the partially needle-shape structured phosphor layer.
  • the thickness of the structured part of the phosphor layer then is in the range up to at least 20 %, up to 90 % and even more, if the structured part of the phosphor layer is extending up to the outermost surface, farther from the substrate support.
  • the thickness of the structured part of the phosphor layer is in the range up to at most 70 %, more preferably at most 50 % and even more preferred at most 30 %, if the structured part of the phosphor layer is not extending up to the outermost surface farther from the substrate support, but present as a solidified, previously molten part of the layer. More preferably said layer reflects 90 % of the impinging light specularly.
  • Such layers are preferably very thin metal layers having a thickness of less than 20 ⁇ m, preferably less than 10 ⁇ m.
  • a specularly reflecting layer is present, it is preferred that the layer be a thin aluminum layer (thickness preferably less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range from 0.2 ⁇ m up to 5 ⁇ m).
  • a metal specularly reflecting layer is present in a panel or screen of this invention, that this layer be covered with a barrier layer (a further auxiliary layer) that impedes water and/or moisture of reaching the relecting auxiliary layer.
  • a barrier layer may be any moisture barrier layer known in the art, but is preferably a layer of parylene.
  • Most preferred polymers for use in the barrier layer of the present invention are vacuum deposited, preferably chemical vacuum deposited poly-p-xylylene films.
  • a poly-p-xylylene has repeating units in the range from 10 to 10000, wherein each repeating unit has an aromatic nuclear group, whether or not substituted.
  • the commercially available di-p-xylylene composition sold by the Union Carbide Co. under the trademark "PARYLENE” is thus preferred.
  • the preferred compositions for the barrier layer are the unsubstituted "PARYLENE N", the monochlorine substituted "PARYLENE C”, the dichlorine substituted "PARYLENE D” and the “PARYLENE HT” (a completely fluorine substituted version of PARYLENE N, opposite to the other "parylenes" resistant to heat up to a temperature of 400°C and also resistant to ultra-violet radiation, moisture resistance being about the same as the moisture resistance of "PARYLENE C").
  • Most preferred polymers for use in the preparation of the barrier layer in a panel of this invention are poly(p-2-chloroxylylene), i.e. PARYLENE C film, poly(p-2,6-dichloroxylylene), i.e. PARYLENE D film and "PARYLENE HT" (a completely fluorine substituted version of PARYLENE N.
  • the advantage of parylene layers as moisture barrier layers in a panel or screen of the present invention layer is the temperature resistance of the layers, the temperature resistance of the parylene layers is such that they can withstand the temperature need for vacuum depositing the storage phosphor.
  • the use of parylene layers in storage phosphor screens has been disclosed in, e.g., EP-A's 1 286 363, 1 286 364 , 1 286 362 and 1 286 365.
  • a screen or a panel according to the embodiment of the present invention as set forth hereinbefore has a phosphor layer with stuctured and non-structured phases or parts as discussed hereinbefore, and a support, wherein the said support preferably includes an amorphous carbon layer, further with, between phosphor and amorphous carbon layer support, a specularly reflecting layer adjacent to the amorphous carbon layer and a parylene layer on top of the said reflecting layer.
  • a polymeric layer as an auxiliary layer discussed hereinafter is preferably laminated to the amorphous carbon layer.
  • Said auxiliary layer at the side opposite to the phosphor layer preferably is a polymeric layer that is laminated to the amorphous carbon layer.
  • the mechanical strength, especially with respect to brittleness and flexibility, of the panel or screen of the present invention is enhanced.
  • the need for very high mechanical strength is especially present in the radiographic systems using a storage phosphor panel, wherein during reading of the energy stored in the panel, the panel is automatically removed from the cassette, moved through a reader, often via a sinuous path, and then put back in the cassette. In such a reader it is quite advantageous to use a screen or panel of the present invention with an auxiliary layer laminated on the amorphous carbon layer.
  • This auxiliary layer can be any polymeric film known in the art, e.g. polyester film, polyvinylchloride, polycarbonate, syntactic polystyrene, etc..
  • Preferred polymeric films are polyester ester film, e.g., polyethylene terephthalate films, polyethylene naphthalate films, etc..
  • the thickness of the auxiliary layer can range from 1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
  • a fairly thin amorphous carbon film e.g., 400 ⁇ m and laminate a 500 ⁇ m thick auxiliary film to it as well as to use a thick amorphous carbon film, e.g., 2000 ⁇ m thick with a thin, e.g., 6 ⁇ m thick, polymeric film laminated to it.
  • the relative thickness of the amorphous carbon and polymeric film can be varied widely and is only directed by the required physical strength of the amorphous carbon during deposition of the phosphor layer and the needed flexibility during use of the panel.
  • the screen or panel of the present invention moreover preferably includes, on top of the phosphor layer, any protective layer known in the art.
  • any protective layer known in the art.
  • the phosphor layer in the panel according to the present invention is sandwiched between two moisture repellent layers, preferably both being composed of parylene as set forth hereinbefore, it is advantageous that the stimulable phosphor layer, comprised of non-structured as well as of structured phosphor phases is "surrounded” by a moisture-proof parylene "package" as in the vicinity of the edges, both parylene layers, contacting each other, indeed provide a moisture-proof construction.
  • the screen or the panel of the present invention may further have reinforced edges as described in, e.g., US-A-5 334 842 and US-A-5 340 661.
  • the surface of the phosphor layer in a panel or screen of the present invention can be made smaller than the surface of the support so that the phosphor layer does not reach the edges of the support.
  • Such a screen has been disclosed e.g. in EP-A 1 286 363.
  • the present invention further includes a method for producing a storage phosphor panel comprising the steps of :
  • the present invention further includes a method for producing a storage phosphor panel comprising the steps of :
  • the invention moreover includes a method for producing a storage phosphor panel comprising the steps of :
  • the present invention moreover includes a method for exposing an object to X-rays comprising the steps of :
  • Electron-microscopic examination was further illustrative in order to show a very smooth surface of the previously molten, solidified phosphor layer.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Conversion Of X-Rays Into Visible Images (AREA)
EP03101691A 2002-06-28 2003-06-11 Procédé pour fabriquer un écran d'enregistrement luminescent transparent sans liant Withdrawn EP1376614A3 (fr)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7183560B2 (en) 2004-02-20 2007-02-27 Agfa-Gevaert Storage phosphor screens having homogeneously incorporated dopant
US7288150B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2007-10-30 Agfa Gevaert Homogeneous incorporation of activator element in a storage phosphor
EP1998338A1 (fr) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-03 Agfa HealthCare NV Plaque ou panneau d'image à aiguille susceptible d'être utilisé(e) en imagerie CR ou DR
US10125312B2 (en) * 2016-09-06 2018-11-13 Ut-Battelle, Llc Divalent-ion-doped single crystal alkali halide scintillators

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EP0272581A2 (fr) * 1986-12-18 1988-06-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Intensificateur d'images de rayons X
EP0506585A1 (fr) * 1991-03-27 1992-09-30 Eastman Kodak Company Matières luminescentes pour enregistrement à base de fluorohalogénures d'alcalino-terreux, procédés pour leur fabrication et écrans luminescents d'enregistrement
US5180610A (en) * 1988-11-15 1993-01-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for manufacturing a luminescent storage screen having a phophor which is transparent to read-out radiation
WO2001003156A1 (fr) * 1999-07-02 2001-01-11 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Procede de preparation de luminophores photostimulables csx et luminophores ainsi obtenus
EP1113458A1 (fr) * 1999-12-27 2001-07-04 Agfa-Gevaert Ecran d'enregistrement luminescent avec des cristaux sans liant en forme d'aiguille

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US2681861A (en) * 1950-12-12 1954-06-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Glass for embedding zinc sulfide phosphors
US2689188A (en) * 1950-12-12 1954-09-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluorescent screen of a phosphor in glass and method for producing same
DE3205693A1 (de) * 1982-02-17 1983-08-25 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Roentgenbildwandler
EP0272581A2 (fr) * 1986-12-18 1988-06-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Intensificateur d'images de rayons X
US5180610A (en) * 1988-11-15 1993-01-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for manufacturing a luminescent storage screen having a phophor which is transparent to read-out radiation
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WO2001003156A1 (fr) * 1999-07-02 2001-01-11 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Procede de preparation de luminophores photostimulables csx et luminophores ainsi obtenus
EP1113458A1 (fr) * 1999-12-27 2001-07-04 Agfa-Gevaert Ecran d'enregistrement luminescent avec des cristaux sans liant en forme d'aiguille

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7288150B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2007-10-30 Agfa Gevaert Homogeneous incorporation of activator element in a storage phosphor
US7183560B2 (en) 2004-02-20 2007-02-27 Agfa-Gevaert Storage phosphor screens having homogeneously incorporated dopant
EP1998338A1 (fr) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-03 Agfa HealthCare NV Plaque ou panneau d'image à aiguille susceptible d'être utilisé(e) en imagerie CR ou DR
US10125312B2 (en) * 2016-09-06 2018-11-13 Ut-Battelle, Llc Divalent-ion-doped single crystal alkali halide scintillators

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