EP1375858A1 - Control method of an internal combustion engine with a gas-dynamic pressure wave charger - Google Patents

Control method of an internal combustion engine with a gas-dynamic pressure wave charger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1375858A1
EP1375858A1 EP02405544A EP02405544A EP1375858A1 EP 1375858 A1 EP1375858 A1 EP 1375858A1 EP 02405544 A EP02405544 A EP 02405544A EP 02405544 A EP02405544 A EP 02405544A EP 1375858 A1 EP1375858 A1 EP 1375858A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
gas
duct
exhaust gas
pressure wave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02405544A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1375858B1 (en
Inventor
Urs Wenger
Roger Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swissauto Engineering SA
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Swissauto Engineering SA
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Publication date
Priority to AT02405544T priority Critical patent/ATE306014T1/en
Application filed by Swissauto Engineering SA filed Critical Swissauto Engineering SA
Priority to EP02405544A priority patent/EP1375858B1/en
Priority to DE50204469T priority patent/DE50204469D1/en
Priority to ES02405544T priority patent/ES2250605T3/en
Priority to EP20030405381 priority patent/EP1375859B1/en
Priority to DE50307685T priority patent/DE50307685D1/en
Priority to US10/460,454 priority patent/US6988493B2/en
Priority to JP2003177821A priority patent/JP4481595B2/en
Priority to BRPI0301987-0A priority patent/BR0301987B1/en
Publication of EP1375858A1 publication Critical patent/EP1375858A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1375858B1 publication Critical patent/EP1375858B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F13/00—Pressure exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
    • F02B33/42—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with driven apparatus for immediate conversion of combustion gas pressure into pressure of fresh charge, e.g. with cell-type pressure exchangers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for Regulation of an internal combustion engine with a gas dynamic Pressure wave machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a gas dynamic pressure wave machine that is designed to supply charge air to an internal combustion engine is from the WO 99/11913 by the same applicant is known.
  • a rotatable air housing to the Openings of one of the two high pressure channels with respect to the align other openings of the other high pressure duct, for process coordination across the entire map area to achieve the internal combustion engine as well as a variable Width adjustment of the high pressure exhaust duct and others Characteristics.
  • the driving behavior can initially be roughly divided into two stages divide, i.e. the acceleration and braking level as well the constant level. A distinction is made in the first stage between two phases, a positive load jump at Accelerating and a negative load jump when braking, or accelerate away.
  • the second stage can be divided into three phases subdivide, part load phase, idle phase and constant Vollastphase.
  • the present invention relates in particular to the positive load jump when accelerating as well as the negative Load jump when accelerating or braking with subsequent part-load behavior.
  • the Pressure wave charger can be damaged, for example
  • the rotor is supported by strips on the housings or due to high exhaust gas recirculation and / or too low Boost pressure and / or too high charge air temperature Engine operation is disrupted.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 is a gas dynamic Pressure wave machine shown on a variety of Improvements have been made to the total To increase efficiency significantly.
  • the pressure wave machine 30 is via the high-pressure exhaust duct 31 and the high-pressure charge air duct 32 with the schematically shown Internal combustion engine 33 connected.
  • the low-pressure exhaust duct 35 Located in the gas housing 34 the low-pressure exhaust duct 35, and it is off.
  • the rotor 40 can also be seen with its cells 41, the rotor in a jacket 42 is arranged and for example by a belt drive 43 is driven.
  • the first aim is to align the Opening edges of the high pressure exhaust duct with respect to Opening edges of the high pressure charge air duct in such a way vote that the so-called primary wave, which at Opening the high-pressure exhaust duct to the lower pressure standing rotor cell, is precisely coordinated, such that when opening the high pressure charge air duct Rotor cell arrives on the air side. It was earlier tries to achieve this optimization by Housings rotatable discs with openings attached to influence the two high pressure flows.
  • the twist of the housing can, for example 0 - 25 °.
  • the connecting line 46 in FIGS. 1 and 2 From the high pressure charge air duct into the high pressure exhaust duct leads. As a result, the positive pressure surges in the High-pressure charge air duct on the high-pressure exhaust gas duct transfer.
  • the connecting line contains a Check valve 47, optionally with a electronic control is provided. It works Check valve as a regulation in the sense that only Pressure surges are transmitted, their energetic level is higher than the current pressure in the high-pressure exhaust duct. In particular, the negative pressure pulses, i. H.
  • the pressure wave machine is after State of the art heavily dependent on filling.
  • Reduction of pressure pulsations as described above allows the provision of a connecting line Return of charge air to the high pressure exhaust side of the Pressure wave machine, thereby increasing the Mass throughput of the machine and thus an increase in Fill levels, which results in a significant increase in pressure noticeable.
  • An additional regulation of the returned Fresh air high pressure volume by means of a regulated Check valve can therefore be used to control the charge pressure in the general and in addition to the Otto engine Power control can be used. That means with others Words that the pressure wave machine to improve the Compression efficiency at higher engine throughputs can be dimensioned somewhat larger without lower ones Losing engine throughput to boost pressure.
  • Cross section of the connecting channel by means of a suitable, known device is regulated, either regulated check valve or an additional one Cross-sectional control can be used.
  • This is particularly effective in lower to medium speed, Temperature and load range of the internal combustion engine.
  • the means the system to increase performance by means of Connection line is a tool to help with possibly low achievable boost pressure at low engine speeds, from 1,000 to 3,000 RPM, a sharp increase in boost pressure by utilizing the exhaust gas pulsations and the positive ones To achieve pressure difference over the pressure wave machine.
  • Figures 3 and 3A relate to another aspect the pressure wave machine, on influencing the High pressure exhaust flow.
  • 3A is one Influencing the high pressure exhaust duct, or its Broadening, shown schematically.
  • the developed rotor 40 shown with the cells 41 and a Recess 48 provided in the gas housing 34, through a Slider 49 can be changed as indicated by the arrow 50 is indicated.
  • the slide 49 is completely in Arrow direction indented so that the high pressure exhaust duct is widened without creating a web.
  • the slider can be moved so that the High pressure channel is widened until the pressure inside it is that the pressure wave process generated boost pressure drops to the desired level.
  • check valve is the Connection line may only be opened when all other parameters and actuators after the positive Load jump, because of the requirement of the highest possible Boost pressure, are already in the optimal position. This is required because with the performance enhancement system High pressure process intensified at the expense of the flushing process becomes.
  • the method according to the invention is not based on that described system internal combustion engine-pressure wave machine limited.
  • the procedure is for everyone Systems internal combustion engine-pressure wave machine validity. It unfolds its full effectiveness with all options. This procedure also applies to both Otto and Diesel engines, with and without catalytic converters and with or without Additional heaters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Characterised By The Charging Evacuation (AREA)

Abstract

The supercharger (30) is connected to the IC engine (33) by the HP exhaust gas (31) and supercharged air (32) ducts the width of the former being variable. The gas housing (34) can be rotated approx. 250 relative to the air housing. The aim is to line-up the openings of these ducts to coordinate the operation of the charger with a specific characteristic. A pipe (46) connects the supercharged air duct to the exhaust gas duct and is fitted with an electronically controlled non-return valve (47). This enables positive pressure surges in the air duct to be transferred to the exhaust gas duct.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Regelung einer Verbrennungsmaschine mit einer gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine gemäss Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1. Eine gasdynamische Druckwellenmaschine, die bestimmt ist, einer Verbrennungsmaschine Ladeluft zuzuführen, ist aus der WO 99/11913 des gleichen Anmelders bekannt. Insbesondere werden darin ein verdrehbares Luftgehäuse offenbart, um die Öffnungen einer der beiden Hochdruckkanäle in Bezug auf die anderen Öffnungen des anderen Hochdruckkanals auszurichten, um eine Prozessabstimmung über den ganzen Kennfeldbereich der Verbrennungsmaschine zu erzielen sowie eine variable Breiteverstellung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals und weitere Merkmale.The present invention relates to a method for Regulation of an internal combustion engine with a gas dynamic Pressure wave machine according to the preamble of claim 1. A gas dynamic pressure wave machine that is designed to supply charge air to an internal combustion engine is from the WO 99/11913 by the same applicant is known. In particular discloses a rotatable air housing to the Openings of one of the two high pressure channels with respect to the align other openings of the other high pressure duct, for process coordination across the entire map area to achieve the internal combustion engine as well as a variable Width adjustment of the high pressure exhaust duct and others Characteristics.

Des Weiteren ist aus der Veröffentlichung "Modeling and Model-based Control of Supercharged SI-Engines" vom Labor für Verbrennungsmaschinen der Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule Zürich bekannt, bestimmte Messungen an einer gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine vorzunehmen, die auf oben angegebener Patentanmeldung beruht.Furthermore, the publication "Modeling and Model-based Control of Supercharged SI Engines "from the laboratory for internal combustion engines of the Federal Technical Zurich University of Applied Sciences announced certain measurements on a make gas dynamic pressure wave machine on top specified patent application is based.

Man kann das Fahrverhalten zunächst grob in zwei Stufen einteilen, d.h. die Beschleunigungs- und Bremsstufe sowie die Konstantstufe. Bei der ersten Stufe unterscheidet man zwischen zwei Phasen, einem positiven Lastsprung beim Gasgeben sowie einen negativen Lastsprung beim Abbremsen, bzw. Gaswegnehmen. Die zweite Stufe kann man in drei Phasen unterteilen, Teillastphase, Leerlaufphase und konstante Vollastphase.The driving behavior can initially be roughly divided into two stages divide, i.e. the acceleration and braking level as well the constant level. A distinction is made in the first stage between two phases, a positive load jump at Accelerating and a negative load jump when braking, or accelerate away. The second stage can be divided into three phases subdivide, part load phase, idle phase and constant Vollastphase.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft insbesondere den positiven Lastsprung beim Gasgeben sowie den negativen Lastsprung beim Gaswegnehmen bzw. Abbremsen mit anschliessendem Teillastverhalten.The present invention relates in particular to the positive load jump when accelerating as well as the negative Load jump when accelerating or braking with subsequent part-load behavior.

Versuche haben ergeben, dass zur Luftseite der gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine durchdringende Abgase wegen falschen Drehzahlen, falscher Gehäusedrehung, geschlossener Drosselklappe, zu stark geschlossener oder hängen bleibender Breiteverstellung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals oder variablem Gastaschenzufluss oder falsch eingestellter Wirkungsgradsteigerung durch Verwendung einer Bypassleitung zwischen dem Frischluft- und Abgasteil, der Druckwellenlader beschädigt werden kann, beispielsweise die Lagerung des Rotors durch Streifen an den Gehäusen oder durch hohe Abgasrezirkulation und/oder zu niedrigem Ladedruck und/oder zu hoher Ladelufttemperatur der Motorbetrieb gestört wird.Tests have shown that to the air side of the gas-dynamic pressure wave machine penetrating exhaust gases due to wrong speeds, wrong housing rotation, closed throttle valve, too tightly closed or stuck width adjustment of the high pressure exhaust duct or variable gas pocket inflow or wrong set increase in efficiency by using a Bypass line between the fresh air and exhaust part, the Pressure wave charger can be damaged, for example The rotor is supported by strips on the housings or due to high exhaust gas recirculation and / or too low Boost pressure and / or too high charge air temperature Engine operation is disrupted.

Aus diesen Studien ergibt sich, dass in Bezug auf die oben angegebenen Phasen eine gewisse Ordnung bezüglich der Regelung der einzelnen Vorgänge von Vorteil ist, und es ist daraus folgend die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die oben angegebenen Störungen oder Beschädigungen der gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine zu vermeiden und eine höhere Leistung und einen niedrigeren Verbrauch zu erzielen. Die Aufgabe wird mit dem Verfahren zur Regelung gemäss Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.From these studies it follows that in relation to the above specified phases a certain order regarding the Regulating individual operations is beneficial and it is hence the object of the present invention above-mentioned faults or damage to the to avoid gas dynamic pressure wave machine and a to achieve higher performance and lower consumption. The task is carried out using the procedure for regulation Claim 1 solved.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Die technischen Details der Verbrennungsmaschine und der gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine sind ausführlich in den WO 99 /11913 und WO/11915 des gleichen Anmelders beschrieben und es wird ausdrücklich darauf Bezug genommen. Insbesondere werden auf die Merkmale mit der Verdrehung des Gehäuses, insbesondere Luftgehäuses, der gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine zwecks Abstimmung der beiden Hochdruck-Abgaskanäle, auf die Verbindungsleitung zwischen dem Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanal und dem Hochdruck-Abgaskanal und auf die variable Verbreiterung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals oder den variablen Gastaschenzufluss Bezug genommen.

Figur 1
zeigt schematisch und teilweise im Schnitt ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine,
Figur 2
zeigt in perspektivischer Sicht die gasdynamische Druckwellenmaschine gemäss Figur 1, und die
Figuren 3, 3A
zeigen schematisch ein Detail eines abgewickelten zylindrischen Schnittes durch die Zellen eines Rotors einer Druckwellenmaschine mit variabler Verbreiterung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings of exemplary embodiments. The technical details of the internal combustion engine and the gas dynamic pressure wave machine are described in detail in WO 99/11913 and WO / 11915 by the same applicant and express reference is made to them. In particular, the features with the rotation of the housing, in particular the air housing, of the gas-dynamic pressure wave machine for the purpose of tuning the two high-pressure exhaust gas ducts, on the connecting line between the high-pressure charge air duct and the high-pressure exhaust gas duct, and on the variable widening of the high-pressure exhaust gas duct or the variable ones Gas pocket inflow referred.
Figure 1
shows schematically and partially in section an embodiment of a gas dynamic pressure wave machine,
Figure 2
shows a perspective view of the gas dynamic pressure wave machine according to Figure 1, and
Figures 3, 3A
schematically show a detail of a developed cylindrical section through the cells of a rotor of a pressure wave machine with variable widening of the high-pressure exhaust gas duct.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist eine gasdynamische Druckwellenmaschine dargestellt, an der eine Vielzahl von Verbesserungen durchgeführt worden sind, um insgesamt den Wirkungsgrad wesentlich zu erhöhen. Die Druckwellenmaschine 30 ist über den Hochdruck-Abgaskanal 31 und den Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanal 32 mit der schematisch dargestellten Verbrennungsmaschine 33 verbunden. Im Gasgehäuse 34 befindet sich ferner der Niederdruck-Abgaskanal 35, und es ist aus dieser Figur ersichtlich, dass die beiden Kanäle, d. h. der Hochdruck-Abgaskanal und der Niederdruck-Abgaskanal, im Gasgehäuse rotorseitig als sektorförmige Oeffnungen 36A und 37A mit je einer Oeffnungskante 36 bzw. 37 münden, siehe auch die Figuren 5 und 6. Man erkennt ferner den Rotor 40 mit seinen Zellen 41, wobei der Rotor in einem Mantel 42 angeordnet ist und beispielsweise durch einen Riemenantrieb 43 angetrieben wird.In Figures 1 and 2 is a gas dynamic Pressure wave machine shown on a variety of Improvements have been made to the total To increase efficiency significantly. The pressure wave machine 30 is via the high-pressure exhaust duct 31 and the high-pressure charge air duct 32 with the schematically shown Internal combustion engine 33 connected. Located in the gas housing 34 the low-pressure exhaust duct 35, and it is off This figure shows that the two channels, i.e. H. the High pressure exhaust duct and the low pressure exhaust duct, in Gas housing on the rotor side as sector-shaped openings 36A and 37A each with an opening edge 36 or 37, see also FIGS. 5 and 6. The rotor 40 can also be seen with its cells 41, the rotor in a jacket 42 is arranged and for example by a belt drive 43 is driven.

Es wird zunächst angestrebt, die Ausrichtung der Oeffnungskanten des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals bezüglich der Oeffnungskanten des Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanals derart abzustimmen, dass die sogenannte Primärwelle, die beim Öffnen des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals zur unter tieferem Druck stehenden Rotorzelle entsteht, genau abgestimmt ist, derart, dass sie beim Öffnen des Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanals zur Rotorzelle auf der Luftseite eintrifft. Es wurde früher versucht, diese Optimierung damit zu erreichen, dass an den Gehäusen verdrehbare Scheiben mit Oeffnungen angebracht wurden, um die beiden Hochdruckströme zu beeinflussen.The first aim is to align the Opening edges of the high pressure exhaust duct with respect to Opening edges of the high pressure charge air duct in such a way vote that the so-called primary wave, which at Opening the high-pressure exhaust duct to the lower pressure standing rotor cell, is precisely coordinated, such that when opening the high pressure charge air duct Rotor cell arrives on the air side. It was earlier tries to achieve this optimization by Housings rotatable discs with openings attached to influence the two high pressure flows.

Bei der vorliegenden Ausführung werden die Öffnungskanten des Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanals 32 , d. h. die in die Rotorzellen mündenden Oeffnungen, verstellt, indem entweder das Luftgehäuse bezüglich dem ortsfesten Rotor und Gasgehäuse oder nur der Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanal verdreht wird. Daraus resultiert, dass die Öffnungskanten der beiden Hochdruck-Kanäle bei jedem Kennfeldpunkt des Verbrennungsmotors immer so zueinander verstellt werden können, dass die Primärwelle die oben genannte Bedingung erfüllen kann. Die Verdrehung des Gehäuses kann zum Beispiel 0 - 25° betragen.In the present embodiment, the opening edges the high pressure charge air duct 32, d. H. the in the Rotor cell opening openings, adjusted by either the air housing with respect to the fixed rotor and Twisted gas housing or only the high pressure charge air duct becomes. As a result, the opening edges of the two High pressure ducts at every map point of the Internal combustion engine are always adjusted to each other can that the primary wave the above condition can meet. The twist of the housing can, for example 0 - 25 °.

Durch eine direkte Frischluftzuführung in den Abgaskanal kann eine grosse Leistungssteigerung erzielt werden. Man erkennt in den Figuren 1 und 2 die Verbindungsleitung 46, die vom Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanal in den Hochdruck-Abgaskanal führt. Dadurch werden die positiven Druckstösse im Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanal auf den Hochdruck-Abgaskanäl übertragen. Die Verbindungsleitung enthält ein Rückschlagventil 47, das gegebenenfalls mit einer elektronischen Regelung versehen ist. Dabei wirkt das Rückschlagventil als Regelung in dem Sinne, dass nur Druckstösse übertragen werden, deren energetisches Niveau höher liegt als der momentane Druck im Hochdruck-Abgaskanal. Damit werden vor allem die negativen Druckpulse, d. h. der Zustand des Quasi-Unterdruckes im Hochdruck-Abgaskanal angehoben, und das gesamte Druckniveau wird sowohl innerhalb des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals als auch des Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanals durch die Glättung der negativen Druckpulse angehoben. Dadurch kann das Druckniveau im Rotor vor dem Öffnen des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals deutlich angehoben werden, und die von dort eintreffenden Pulsationen werden gedämpft. Ausserdem verringert diese Massnahme die Einströmverluste des heissen Abgases in den Rotor, da der ganze Prozess gedämpft wird.Through a direct fresh air supply into the exhaust duct a great increase in performance can be achieved. you recognizes the connecting line 46 in FIGS. 1 and 2, from the high pressure charge air duct into the high pressure exhaust duct leads. As a result, the positive pressure surges in the High-pressure charge air duct on the high-pressure exhaust gas duct transfer. The connecting line contains a Check valve 47, optionally with a electronic control is provided. It works Check valve as a regulation in the sense that only Pressure surges are transmitted, their energetic level is higher than the current pressure in the high-pressure exhaust duct. In particular, the negative pressure pulses, i. H. the State of the quasi-negative pressure in the high-pressure exhaust duct raised, and the overall pressure level is both within of the high pressure exhaust duct as well as the high pressure charge air duct by smoothing the negative pressure pulses raised. This allows the pressure level in the rotor in front of the Opening of the high-pressure exhaust duct can be significantly increased, and the pulsations arriving from there are dampened. In addition, this measure reduces the inflow losses of the hot exhaust gas in the rotor, since the whole process is steamed.

Eine weitere Verbesserung kann erzielt werden, falls die Abzweigung, die in Figur 1 oder 2 irgendwo zwischen der Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanal-Kante und dem Motoreinlass angeordnet ist, direkt nach der Öffnungskante des Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanals angeordnet wird. Diese bevorzugte Variante ist der Übersichtlichkeit halber in Figur 1 nicht eingezeichnet.A further improvement can be achieved if the Branch that in Figure 1 or 2 somewhere between the High pressure charge air duct edge and the engine intake is arranged, directly after the opening edge of the high-pressure charge air duct is arranged. This preferred variant is not in Figure 1 for the sake of clarity located.

Wie bereits erwähnt wurde, ist die Druckwellenmaschine nach Stand der Technik stark füllungsabhängig. Zusätzlich zur Reduzierung der Druckpulsationen, wie oben beschrieben, erlaubt das Vorsehen einer Verbindungsleitung die Rückführung von Ladeluft auf die Hochdruck-Abgasseite der Druckwellenmaschine, dadurch eine Erhöhung des Massendurchsatzes der Maschine und somit eine Erhöhung des Füllgrades, was sich in einer deutlichen Drucksteigerung bemerkbar macht. Eine zusätzliche Regelung der rückgeführten Frischluft-Hochdruckmenge mittels einem geregelten Rückschlagventil kann somit zur Ladedruckregelung im allgemeinen und beim Otto-Motor zusätzlich zur Leistungsregelung verwendet werden. Das heisst mit anderen Worten, dass die Druckwellenmaschine zur Verbesserung des Kompressionswirkungsgrades bei höheren Motordurchsätzen etwas grösser dimensioniert werden kann, ohne bei tieferen Motordurchsätzen an Ladedruck zu verlieren.As already mentioned, the pressure wave machine is after State of the art heavily dependent on filling. In addition to Reduction of pressure pulsations as described above allows the provision of a connecting line Return of charge air to the high pressure exhaust side of the Pressure wave machine, thereby increasing the Mass throughput of the machine and thus an increase in Fill levels, which results in a significant increase in pressure noticeable. An additional regulation of the returned Fresh air high pressure volume by means of a regulated Check valve can therefore be used to control the charge pressure in the general and in addition to the Otto engine Power control can be used. That means with others Words that the pressure wave machine to improve the Compression efficiency at higher engine throughputs can be dimensioned somewhat larger without lower ones Losing engine throughput to boost pressure.

Dies kann beispielsweise auch dadurch geschehen, dass der Querschnitt des Verbindungskanals mittels einer geeigneten, bekannten Vorrichtung geregelt wird, wobei entweder das geregelte Rückschlagventil oder eine zusätzliche Querschnittsregelung eingesetzt werden kann. Dies ist besonders wirksam im unteren bis mittleren Drehzahl-, Temperatur- und Lastbereich des Verbrennungsmotors. Das heisst, das System zur Leistungserhöhung mittels Verbindungsleitung ist ein Hilfsmittel, um bei eventuell zu tiefem erreichbaren Ladedruck bei tiefen Motordrehzahlen, von 1'000 - 3'000 RPM, eine starke Anhebung des Ladedrucks durch Ausnutzung der Abgaspulsationen und der positiven Druckdifferenz über die Druckwellenmaschine zu erreichen.This can also happen, for example, that the Cross section of the connecting channel by means of a suitable, known device is regulated, either regulated check valve or an additional one Cross-sectional control can be used. This is particularly effective in lower to medium speed, Temperature and load range of the internal combustion engine. The means the system to increase performance by means of Connection line is a tool to help with possibly low achievable boost pressure at low engine speeds, from 1,000 to 3,000 RPM, a sharp increase in boost pressure by utilizing the exhaust gas pulsations and the positive ones To achieve pressure difference over the pressure wave machine.

Die Verwendung einer Verbindungsleitung zwischen dem Frischluft- und Abgasteil bewirkt eine erhebliche Wirkungsgradsteigerung bei sonst vorbekannten Druckwellenmaschinen, ist aber besonders wirksam in Verbindung mit den vorgenannten und beschriebenen Massnahmen zur Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades. Diese Leistungserhöhung sollte über die Motorsteuerung mit einem Stellglied mit einer Offen-Zu-Funktion bewirkt werden können.The use of a connecting line between the Fresh air and exhaust gas part causes a considerable Efficiency increase in otherwise previously known Pressure wave machines, but is particularly effective in Connection with the aforementioned and described measures to improve efficiency. This increase in performance should have an actuator via the motor control an open-close function can be effected.

Die Figuren 3 und 3A beziehen sich auf einen anderen Aspekt der Druckwellenmaschine, auf die Beeinflussung des Hochdruck-Abgasstromes. In den Figuren 3, 3A ist eine Beeinflussung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals, bzw. seine Verbreiterung, schematisch dargestellt. Darin ist der abgewickelte Rotor 40 mit den Zellen 41 dargestellt und eine Aussparung 48 im Gasgehäuse 34 vorgesehen, die durch einen Schieber 49 verändert werden kann, wie dies durch den Pfeil 50 angedeutet ist. In Figur 3A ist der Schieber 49 ganz in Pfeilrichtung eingerückt, so dass der Hochdruck-Abgaskanal verbreitert ist, ohne dass ein Steg entstanden ist. Durch eine geeignete und für einen Fachmann berechenbare Steuerung kann der Schieber derart verschoben werden, dass der Hochdruck-Kanal so verbreitert wird, bis der Druck darin so weit abgesunken ist, dass der durch den Druckwellenprozess erzeugte Ladedruck auf das gewünschte Niveau absinkt.Figures 3 and 3A relate to another aspect the pressure wave machine, on influencing the High pressure exhaust flow. In Figures 3, 3A is one Influencing the high pressure exhaust duct, or its Broadening, shown schematically. In it is the developed rotor 40 shown with the cells 41 and a Recess 48 provided in the gas housing 34, through a Slider 49 can be changed as indicated by the arrow 50 is indicated. In Figure 3A, the slide 49 is completely in Arrow direction indented so that the high pressure exhaust duct is widened without creating a web. By a suitable control system that can be calculated by a specialist the slider can be moved so that the High pressure channel is widened until the pressure inside it is that the pressure wave process generated boost pressure drops to the desired level.

Analog dazu, falls nicht die Verbreiterung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals gewählt wird, kann in an sich bekannter Weise, wenn auch weniger wirkungsvoll, da ein Steg verbleibt, der Gastaschenzufluss variiert werden.Analogously, if not the widening of the high-pressure exhaust duct can be selected in a manner known per se, albeit less effective, since a web remains that Gas pocket inflow can be varied.

Wie in der Einleitung erwähnt, sind eine Anzahl Fehlerquellen bekannt, die den Betrieb der Verbrennungsmaschine stören oder die gasdynamische Druckwellenmaschine beschädigen können. Aus diesem Grund ist eine bestimmte Reihenfolge bei der Regelung eines Druckwellenladers in jeden Kennfeldbereich der Verbrennungsmaschine sinnvoll. As mentioned in the introduction, there are a number Known sources of error that affect the operation of the Disturb combustion engine or the gas dynamic Can damage the pressure wave machine. For this reason a certain order in regulating a Pressure wave charger in every map area of the Internal combustion engine makes sense.

Das heisst, für jeden Kennfeldpunkt könnte eine Positionierung sowie eine Reihenfolge der Betätigung der vorhandenen Stellglieder beschrieben werden. Da dies jedoch eine endlose Reihe ergibt, werden insgesamt zwei Einstellmöglichkeiten ausgewählt: Bei Leistungserhöhung der Verbrennungsmaschine, einfach ausgedrückt beim Gasgeben, und beim Wegnehmen des Gases oder Bremsen.This means that there could be one for each map point Positioning as well as a sequence of actuation of the existing actuators are described. However, since this results in an endless series, two in total Setting options selected: When the Internal combustion engine, simply put on the gas, and when accelerating or braking.

Im Nachfolgenden wird ein Beispiel einer Regelung bei einem positiven Lastsprung, d.h. beim Gasgeben, angegeben, wobei die Drosselklappe des Verbrennungsmotors oder die Regelstange beim Dieselmotor abhängig vom Fahrerwunsch nach mehr Leistung über einen Kabelzug oder ein E-Gas geöffnet, bzw. die Regelstange verschoben wird.

  • 1. Die Spülluftklappe 59, siehe Figur 1, im Ansaugkanal vor der Druckwellenmaschine muss beim Beginn des Lastsprungs mit geeigneten Mitteln, beispielsweise E-Steller oder Kabelzug, sofort so weit wie möglich geöffnet werden, damit der erhöhte Luftdurchsatz durch die Druckwellenmaschine gewährleistet werden kann.
  • 2. Die Drehzahl und die Verdrehung des Gehäuses, insbesondere des Luftgehäuses 39, der Druckwellenmaschine müssen mit geeigneten Mitteln auf die im Kennfeld abgespeicherte optimale Position relativ zum Kennfeldpunkt der Verbrennungsmaschine bewegt werden.
  • 3. Der Schieber der variablen Breiteverstellung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals oder des variablen Gastaschenzuflusses muss auf die im Kennfeld abgespeicherte Position gestellt werden bzw. auf den aus dem Motorkennfeld benötigten Ladedruck eingeregelt werden.
  • 4. Das Ventil der Verbindungsleitung 46 zwischen dem Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanal und dem Hochdruck-Abgaskanal kann bei nicht Erreichen des gewünschten Ladedruckes zusätzlich geöffnet werden, vorteilhafterweise nur zwischen Nmot = 1'000 - 3'000 U/Min.
  • 5. Die variable Breiteverstellung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals oder der variable Gastaschenzufluss wird daraufhin die Funktion der Druckregelung gemäss Fahrerwunsch übernehmen.
    • In the following, an example of a control in the event of a positive load step, ie when accelerating, is given, the throttle valve of the internal combustion engine or the control rod for the diesel engine being opened or the control rod being shifted depending on the driver's request for more power via a cable pull or an E-gas ,
  • 1. The purge air flap 59, see Figure 1, in the intake duct in front of the pressure wave machine must be opened as soon as possible at the beginning of the load jump with suitable means, for example an electric actuator or cable pull, so that the increased air throughput can be guaranteed by the pressure wave machine.
  • 2. The speed and the rotation of the housing, in particular the air housing 39, of the pressure wave machine must be moved by suitable means to the optimum position stored in the map relative to the map point of the internal combustion engine.
  • 3. The slide of the variable width adjustment of the high-pressure exhaust gas duct or the variable gas pocket inflow must be set to the position stored in the map or adjusted to the boost pressure required from the engine map.
  • 4. The valve of the connecting line 46 between the high-pressure charge air duct and the high-pressure exhaust gas duct can additionally be opened if the desired boost pressure has not been reached, advantageously only between N mot = 1,000-3,000 rpm.
  • 5. The variable width adjustment of the high-pressure exhaust gas duct or the variable gas pocket inflow will then take over the function of pressure regulation according to the driver's request.

    • Dabei ist zu beachten, dass das Rückschlagventil der Verbindungsleitung erst geöffnet werden darf, wenn alle anderen Parameter und Stellglieder nach dem positiven Lastsprung, wegen der Anforderung eines möglichst hohen Ladedrucks, bereits in der optimalen Position sind. Dieses ist erforderlich, da mit dem Leistungserhöhungssystem der Hochdruckprozess auf Kosten des Spülprozesses verstärkt wird.It should be noted that the check valve is the Connection line may only be opened when all other parameters and actuators after the positive Load jump, because of the requirement of the highest possible Boost pressure, are already in the optimal position. This is required because with the performance enhancement system High pressure process intensified at the expense of the flushing process becomes.

    Bei der Regelung der Druckwellenmaschine bei einem negativen Lastsprung, d.h. beim Gaswegnehmen, mit anschliessendem Teillastverhalten, sollte folgende Reihenfolge beachtet werden:

  • 1. Bei negativem Lastsprung mit einer Anforderung eines tieferen Ladedrucks muss die Verbindungsleitung sofort und als erstes wieder geschlossen werden. Das Ventil der Verbindungsleitung muss garantiert geschlossen sein.
  • 2. Bei der Verdrehung des Gehäuses und Einstellen der Drehzahl der Druckwellenmaschine sollten diese Werte eine optimale Position aus den im Motorversuch aufgenommenen und im Kennfeld abgespeicherten Werten aufweisen.
  • 3. Die Spülluftklappe 59 der Druckwellenmaschine sollte möglichst weit geschlossen werden, jedoch nur soweit, dass die Rotorspülung nicht zusammenbricht. Dies erfordert Sensoren bei der Λ-Sonde und Messung der Abgastemperatur nach der Druckwellenmaschine.
  • 4. Der Schieber der variablen Breiteverstellung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals oder des variablen Gastaschenzuflusses sollte möglichst weit geöffnet sein, so dass die Druckdifferenz zwischen Hochdruckladeluft und Hochdruckabgas möglichst gering ist.
    • When regulating the pressure wave machine in the event of a negative load jump, ie when accelerating, with subsequent partial load behavior, the following sequence should be observed:
  • 1. In the event of a negative load jump with a request for a lower boost pressure, the connecting line must be closed immediately and first. The connecting line valve must be guaranteed to be closed.
  • 2. When rotating the housing and adjusting the speed of the pressure wave machine, these values should have an optimal position from the values recorded in the engine test and stored in the map.
  • 3. The purge air flap 59 of the pressure wave machine should be closed as far as possible, but only to the extent that the rotor purge does not collapse. This requires sensors for the Λ probe and measurement of the exhaust gas temperature after the pressure wave machine.
  • 4. The slide of the variable width adjustment of the high-pressure exhaust gas duct or the variable gas pocket inflow should be opened as far as possible so that the pressure difference between the high-pressure charge air and the high-pressure exhaust gas is as small as possible.

    • Versuche haben ergeben, dass das Einhalten der oben beschriebenen Reihenfolge bei der Regelung der Druckwellenmaschine eine optimale Leistung bei niedrigem Verbrauch erzielt werden kann.Tests have shown that the above described sequence in the regulation of Pressure wave machine optimal performance at low Consumption can be achieved.

    Wie bereits erwähnt, könnte für jeden Kennfeldpunkt eine Positionierung sowie eine Reihenfolge der Betätigung der vorhandenen Stellglieder beschrieben werden. Da dies jedoch endlos ist, ist es zweckmässig, vom Grundsatz der optimalen Positionierung nach Kennfeld und der Nachregelung mit z.B. PID-Reglern auszugehen.As already mentioned, there could be one for each map point Positioning as well as a sequence of actuation of the existing actuators are described. However, since this is endless, it is appropriate from the principle of optimal Positioning according to map and readjustment with e.g. PID controllers go out.

    Die Gehäuseverdrehung, die Drehzahl und die Stellung des Schiebers der Breiteverstellung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals oder des variablen Gastaschenzuflusses können je nach Anforderung variieren und in unterschiedlichen Einstellungen ähnliche Ergebnisse bringen. Gute Ergebnisse können dadurch erzielt werden, dass bei der Einstellung der Druckwellenmaschine die Leistung der Verbrennungsmaschine bzw. ihr Drehmoment optimiert wird. The housing rotation, the speed and the position of the Slider of the width adjustment of the high pressure exhaust duct or the variable gas pocket inflow depending on Requirement vary and in different settings bring similar results. This can result in good results achieved that when hiring the Pressure wave machine the performance of the internal combustion engine or their torque is optimized.

    Wie in der Einleitung vermerkt, wird in dieser Anmeldung insbesondere auf die Regelung der Schritte bei einem positiven und einem negativen Lastsprung beschrieben, doch ist es selbstverständlich, auch die übrigen drei erwähnten Phasen bei konstantem Fahren zu optimieren, indem auch dort eine bestimmte Reihenfolge der Regelung vorgenommen wird. Diese Regelung auch der übrigen drei Teilphasen wird dann mit den übrigen Regelungsschritten mit vorgeschriebener Reihenfolge kombiniert.As noted in the introduction, this application in particular on the regulation of the steps in a described positive and a negative load step, yes it goes without saying that the other three mentioned Optimize phases of constant driving by doing there too a certain order of regulation is made. This regulation of the other three sub-phases will then with the other regulatory steps with prescribed Order combined.

    Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren ist nicht auf das beschriebene System Verbrennungsmaschine-Druckwellenmaschine beschränkt. In seiner Grundform hat das Verfahren für alle Systeme Verbrennungsmaschine-Druckwellenmaschine Gültigkeit. Seine volle Wirksamkeit entfaltet es mit allen Optionen. Auch gilt dieses Verfahren sowohl für Otto- als auch für Dieselmotoren, mit und ohne Katalysatoren und mit oder ohne Zusatzheizungen.The method according to the invention is not based on that described system internal combustion engine-pressure wave machine limited. In its basic form, the procedure is for everyone Systems internal combustion engine-pressure wave machine validity. It unfolds its full effectiveness with all options. This procedure also applies to both Otto and Diesel engines, with and without catalytic converters and with or without Additional heaters.

    Claims (9)

    Verfahren zur Regelung einer Verbrennungsmaschine mit einer gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine, wobei die gasdynamische Druckwellenmaschine ein drehbares Gehäuse, um die Prozessabstimmung über den ganzen Kennfeldbereich der Verbrennungsmaschine abzustimmen, und eine variable Breiteverstellung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals oder einen variablen Gastaschenzufluss aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in jedem Kennfeldbereich eine bestimmte Reihenfolge der Regelung eingehalten wird, wobei
    bei einem positiven Lastsprung
       die Drehzahl und das Gehäuse der gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine mit geeigneten Mitteln auf die im Kennfeld abgespeicherte optimale Position eingestellt werden,
       die variable Breiteverstellung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals oder der variable Gastaschenzufluss auf den aus dem Motorkennfeld benötigten Ladedruck eingeregelt wird; und
    bei negativem Lastsprung
       die Drehzahl und das Gehäuse der gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine mit geeigneten Mitteln auf die im Motorkennfeld abgespeicherte optimale Position eingestellt werden und
       die variable Breitenverstellung des Hochdruck-Abgaskanals oder der variable Gastaschenzufluss moglichst weit geöffnet wird, um die Druckdifferenz von Hochdruckladeluft zu Hochdruckabgas möglichst gering zu halten.    Method for regulating an internal combustion engine with a gas-dynamic pressure wave machine, the gas dynamic pressure wave machine having a rotatable housing in order to coordinate the process coordination over the entire map area of the internal combustion engine, and a variable width adjustment of the high-pressure exhaust gas channel or a variable gas pocket inflow, characterized in that in each map area a certain order of control is observed, whereby
    with a positive load step
    the speed and the housing of the gas-dynamic pressure wave machine are adjusted to the optimal position stored in the characteristic diagram by suitable means,
    the variable width adjustment of the high-pressure exhaust gas duct or the variable gas pocket inflow is adjusted to the boost pressure required from the engine map; and
    with negative load step
    the speed and the housing of the gas-dynamic pressure wave machine are set to the optimal position stored in the engine map using suitable means and
    The variable width adjustment of the high-pressure exhaust gas duct or the variable gas pocket inflow is opened as far as possible in order to keep the pressure difference from high-pressure charge air to high-pressure exhaust gas as low as possible.         Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei Beginn des positiven Lastsprungs, wobei das Regelteil der Verbrennungsmaschine abhängig vom Fahrerwunsch nach mehr Leistung verschoben wird, als Erstes eine Spülluftklappe im Ansaugkanal der gasdynamische Druckwellenmaschine so weit als möglich geöffnet wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the beginning of the positive load jump, the control part of the internal combustion engine being moved depending on the driver's request for more power, first a purge air flap in the intake duct of the gas-dynamic pressure wave machine is opened as far as possible. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einem positiven Lastsprung und Nicht-Erreichen des gewünschten Ladedrucks zusätzlich eine Verbindungsleitung zwischen dem Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanal und dem Hochdruck-Abgaskanal geöffnet wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the event of a positive load step and the desired boost pressure not being reached, a connecting line between the high-pressure charge air duct and the high-pressure exhaust gas duct is additionally opened. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öfnung in einem Bereich von Nmot = 1000 - 3000 U/Min erfolgt.A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the opening takes place in a range of N mot = 1000 - 3000 U / min. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung der Verbindungsleitung erst erfolgt, wenn alle anderen Parameter und Stellglieder nach dem positiven Lastsprung bereits in der optimalen Stellung sind.A method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the connection line is only opened when all other parameters and actuators are already in the optimal position after the positive load step. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bei negativem Lastsprung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass gewährleistet ist, dass eine zwischen dem Hochdruck-Ladeluftkanal und dem Hochdruck-Abgaskanal bestehende Verbindungsleitung mit Sicherheit geschlossen ist.Method according to claim 1 in the event of a negative load step, characterized in that it is ensured that a connection line existing between the high-pressure charge air duct and the high-pressure exhaust gas duct is closed with certainty. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Ventil in der Verbindungsleitung über die Steuerung der Verbrennungsmaschine mit einem Stellglied betätigt wird.A method according to claim 6, characterized in that a valve in the connecting line is actuated via the control of the internal combustion engine with an actuator. Verfahren nach Anspruche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei Beginn des negativen Lastsprungs die Spülluftklappe möglichst weit geschlossen wird, ohne dass jedoch die Rotorspülung zusammenbricht. A method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that at the beginning of the negative load jump, the purge air flap is closed as far as possible, but without the rotor purge collapsing. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das drehbare Gehäuse der gasdynamischen Druckwellenmaschine das Luftgehäuse ist.Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rotatable housing of the gas dynamic pressure wave machine is the air housing.
    EP02405544A 2002-06-28 2002-06-28 Control method of an internal combustion engine with a gas-dynamic pressure wave charger Expired - Lifetime EP1375858B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (9)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    EP02405544A EP1375858B1 (en) 2002-06-28 2002-06-28 Control method of an internal combustion engine with a gas-dynamic pressure wave charger
    DE50204469T DE50204469D1 (en) 2002-06-28 2002-06-28 Method for controlling an internal combustion engine with a gas-dynamic pressure wave machine
    ES02405544T ES2250605T3 (en) 2002-06-28 2002-06-28 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN INTERNAL COMBUSITON ENGINE WITH A GASODYNAMIC PRESSURE WAVE COMPRESSOR.
    AT02405544T ATE306014T1 (en) 2002-06-28 2002-06-28 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A COMBUSTION ENGINE USING A GAS-DYNAMIC PRESSURE WAVE ENGINE
    EP20030405381 EP1375859B1 (en) 2002-06-28 2003-05-27 Method for controlling an internal combustion engine with a gas-dynamic pressure-wave machine
    DE50307685T DE50307685D1 (en) 2002-06-28 2003-05-27 Method for controlling an internal combustion engine with a gas-dynamic pressure wave machine
    US10/460,454 US6988493B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2003-06-12 Method for the control of an internal combustion engine combined with a gas-dynamic pressure wave machine
    JP2003177821A JP4481595B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2003-06-23 Control method of internal combustion engine equipped with gas dynamic pressure wave feeder
    BRPI0301987-0A BR0301987B1 (en) 2002-06-28 2003-06-25 process for the control of an internal combustion engine combined with a gas dynamic pressure wave machine.

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    EP2562381A1 (en) * 2010-02-17 2013-02-27 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Method for controlling the boost pressure in an internal combustion engine with a pressure wave supercharger
    CN106321291A (en) * 2015-07-07 2017-01-11 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 Displacement-adjustable pressure wave charger

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    JP4481595B2 (en) 2010-06-16
    EP1375858B1 (en) 2005-10-05
    ES2250605T3 (en) 2006-04-16
    BR0301987B1 (en) 2011-12-27
    US20040003802A1 (en) 2004-01-08
    JP2004100690A (en) 2004-04-02
    ATE306014T1 (en) 2005-10-15
    BR0301987A (en) 2004-08-31
    DE50307685D1 (en) 2007-08-30
    DE50204469D1 (en) 2006-02-16
    US6988493B2 (en) 2006-01-24

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