EP1371934A1 - Masking ammunition - Google Patents

Masking ammunition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1371934A1
EP1371934A1 EP03291310A EP03291310A EP1371934A1 EP 1371934 A1 EP1371934 A1 EP 1371934A1 EP 03291310 A EP03291310 A EP 03291310A EP 03291310 A EP03291310 A EP 03291310A EP 1371934 A1 EP1371934 A1 EP 1371934A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
masking
powder
ammunition
fibers
ammunition according
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Granted
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EP03291310A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1371934B1 (en
EP1371934B2 (en
Inventor
Muriel Regis
Christine Boursin
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Giat Industries SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of masking ammunition.
  • Such ammunition provides protection a vehicle or a fixed platform against a threat, such a projectile having a target detection means.
  • Patent FR 2612287 thus describes a dispersing munition, on the one hand a brass powder ensuring a quasi-masking instantaneous, and on the other hand pots comprising a fumigant pyrotechnic composition and which allow to ensure a lasting masking.
  • US5337671 discloses a multispectral ammunition which disperses a powder or particles ensuring a masking both in the infrared field and in the millimeter domain.
  • This munition thus comprises an annular compartment to inside which is placed a powder of aluminum, bronze or brass associated with an anti-caking agent, powder which is chosen with a particle size appropriate for hide infrared radiation.
  • This powder is mixed in the same compartment with a other powder, or to particles such as fibers, which are chosen so that they ensure effective masking in the millimeter range. These fibers are cut for example to lengths of 1.5mm or 4.1mm according to the wavelength to be masked.
  • This ammunition has disadvantages.
  • the materials thus mixed will separate or decant within their compartment and over periods of storage. This will result in a risk of agglomeration of masking materials so difficulties to get a masking cloud of sufficient size.
  • the distribution of the masking particles does not will be more homogeneous after decantation. Their distribution in the masking cloud will be random from one ammunition to another which will adversely affect the performances of masking.
  • the subject of the invention is a masking ammunition comprising an instantaneous masking means effective in the infrared and / or millimetric domain arranged in a enveloped and dispersible by means of a dispersing means, munition characterized in that the masking means comprises at least one slab of conductive fibers and at least one layer of a masking powder.
  • the masking ammunition may comprise a stack placed in the envelope and alternating one or more conductive fiber slabs with one or more layers of masking powder.
  • the dispersing means may comprise a pushed piston by an ejection means and pushing the masking means out of the envelope as well as an explosive cane arranged axially through the stack.
  • the conductive fibers forming the slabs can be carbon fiber or glass fiber aluminized.
  • the fibers may have a length of between 3 mm and 10 mm.
  • the masking powder may comprise a powder metallic or organic.
  • the masking powder may have a distribution granulometry with a median diameter of less than or equal to 25 micrometers.
  • the ammunition may have at least two layers of masking powder of nature and / or different particle size.
  • munition may include at least two fiber patties of different nature and / or length.
  • FIG. 1 shows a munition 1 according to a first mode embodiment of the invention.
  • This ammunition is intended to be placed in a launcher tube not shown and secured to a platform fixed or of a vehicle (such a tube is for example described in FR2765869).
  • the ammunition includes an envelope 2 in the form of a tube at the rear part of which is a base 3, screwed on it, and which carries a radial lug 4 allowing the attachment of the ammunition by a mounting to bayonet on a launcher not shown.
  • the base 3 carries a contact 5 axial electrically isolated from the base by a insulating cylinder 6.
  • the base contains a pyrotechnic ejection charge 7 (a propellant powder for example) and an igniter 8 which is electrically connected, on the one hand to the contact 5 and on the other hand the metal body of the base 3.
  • the envelope 2 encloses a piston 9 on which is applied a cylindrical case 10 which defines a cylindrical housing 11.
  • the case 10 is in the form of two half-shells 10a, 10b.
  • the envelope 2 is closed to its other end by a cover 12 connected thereto by a radial shear pin (not shown).
  • the housing 11 contains a masking means in the infra red and / or millimetric domain.
  • this masking means comprises at least one wafer 13 of conductive fibers having a masking efficiency in the millimetric domain (frequency from 35 to 94 GHz) and at least one layer 14 of a powder of masking having an efficiency in the infrared field (spectral domains of 3 to 5 micrometers and 8 to 12 microns).
  • Wafers 13 and layers 14 form a stack in alternating the wafers 13 of conductive fibers and the layers 14 of masking powder.
  • Each slab 13 thus has for thickness the length of fibers, from 3mm to 6mm.
  • a method for achieving such patties is described in patent FR2797044.
  • the masking powder forming the layers 14 is a metallic or organic powder (eg example of aluminum, bronze, carbon or brass), whose grain size is chosen according to the length wave to mask.
  • median diameter of the particles of layers 14 is chosen less than or equal to 25 micrometers.
  • the munition 1 also comprises a dispersing means masking materials.
  • This means comprises the piston 9 which receives the pressure of gas generated by the ejection charge 7 and a cane explosive 16 which is arranged axially through stacking slabs 13 and layers 14.
  • This cane 16 is made for example in the form of a cardboard tube containing a pyrotechnic composition of dispersion, for example a composition combining aluminum and potassium perchlorate.
  • the pyrotechnic composition of cane 16 is initiated by a delay igniter 17 which is integral with the piston 9 and which is initiated by the gases of the ejection charge 7 at through an orifice 18.
  • the igniter 17 incorporates a pyrotechnic composition delay which will ensure the initiation of cane 16 after ejecting the masking means out of the case 12.
  • Such delay compositions are well known to the skilled person. We will size it to ensure a delay of the order of ten milliseconds between the initiation of delay and that of the composition of dispersion.
  • the operation of the ammunition is as follows.
  • the igniter 8 initiates the ejection charge 7. In the same time the delay of the igniter 17 is initiated.
  • the pressure of the gases generated by the ejection charge 7 pushes the piston 9 which causes, via the case 10, the shear of the pins retaining the cover 12 and the ejection thereof.
  • the case 10 and its contents are thus ejected out of the envelope 2.
  • the two half-shells 10a, 10b of the holster separate on the outside of the envelope 2, thus freeing the content.
  • the igniter 17 initiates the dispersion cane 16.
  • the radial effect of that This causes the simultaneous dispersion of the fibers of the pancakes 13 as well as the metallic powder of the layers 14. There result in an effective masking cloud both in the millimeter domain and in the infrared domain.
  • conductive fiber slabs 13 and layers 14 of masking powder ensures good distribution of fibers and powder particles in the generated cloud.
  • the mixture of fibers and particles is more homogeneous and so masking performance is best.
  • the cakes are carried out according to the process described by the patent FR2797044.
  • the pancakes obtained with this process comprise an axial bore delimited by a cardboard tube and a holster Peripheral support (eg steel from 20 to 140 micrometers thick). This tube and this holding case are not represented in the figures so as not to harm their clarity.
  • FIG. 2 thus shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the masking means comprises a stack disposed in the case 10 which comprises two types of different fibers, forming wafers 13a or 13b (here five pancakes of each type are represented), and two types of different powdery materials, forming layers 14a or 14b (here five layers of each type are represented).
  • the masking means comprises a stack disposed in the case 10 which comprises two types of different fibers, forming wafers 13a or 13b (here five pancakes of each type are represented), and two types of different powdery materials, forming layers 14a or 14b (here five layers of each type are represented).
  • wafers 13a formed of carbon fiber fibers enzymed or not with wafers 13b formed of fiberglass type fibers aluminized (or "chaffs").
  • layers 14a a powdery material with a particle size of 3 to 5 micrometers and to make layers 14b a material powder of particle size close to 8 to 12 micrometers.
  • powdery materials may be of the same nature or of different types (aluminum, bronze, brass, carbon,).
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to optimize the loading in using the most suitable materials for each length wave that one seeks to mask. We can add possibly additives to increase the time of cloud suspension.
  • Such an embodiment makes it possible to create a cloud homogenous with infrared concealment characteristics and millimetric are optimal.
  • Each layer 14a is disposed between a wafer 13a and a cake 13b.
  • Each layer 14b is disposed between a wafer 13b and a cake 13a.
  • FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c thus show by way of example non-limiting different types of combinations or structures stacking patties / layers that are possible.
  • Figure 3a shows a stack in which the fiber patties 13 are stacked two by two and one layer of masking powder 14 is disposed between each group of two cakes 13.
  • Figure 3b shows a stack in which the layers 14a, 14b and 14c of masking powder disposed between two slabs 13 of fibers have a thickness different from one layer to another.
  • Figure 3c shows a stack in which the layers 14 of masking powder are arranged between fibers of different sizes and characteristics: first wafers 13a of carbon fibers having about 3 mm of length and second slabs 13b of fibers of carbon having 6 mm to 8 mm in length.

Abstract

The masking munition (1) for armored fighting vehicles has an infra-red and-or millimetric decoy material enclosed in a case (2). The decoy material is deployed with a dispersion charge rod (16) and piston. The munition has at least one disc (13) of conductive fibres and at least one layer of masking powder.

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des munitions de masquage.The technical field of the invention is that of masking ammunition.

De telles munitions permettent d'assurer la protection d'un véhicule ou d'une plate-forme fixe contre une menace, telle un projectile doté d'un moyen de détection de cible.Such ammunition provides protection a vehicle or a fixed platform against a threat, such a projectile having a target detection means.

Le brevet FR2612287 décrit ainsi une munition dispersant, d'une part une poudre de laiton assurant un masquage quasi instantané, et d'autre part des pots comprenant une composition pyrotechnique fumigène et qui permettent d'assurer un masquage durable.Patent FR 2612287 thus describes a dispersing munition, on the one hand a brass powder ensuring a quasi-masking instantaneous, and on the other hand pots comprising a fumigant pyrotechnic composition and which allow to ensure a lasting masking.

Une telle protection est cependant insuffisante vis à vis des menaces qui utilisent un autodirecteur radar fonctionnant dans la bande millimétrique.Such protection is, however, insufficient with regard to threats that use a working radar seeker in the millimetric band.

Le brevet US5337671 décrit une munition multispectrale qui disperse une poudre ou des particules assurant un masquage à la fois dans le domaine infra rouge et dans le domaine millimétrique.US5337671 discloses a multispectral ammunition which disperses a powder or particles ensuring a masking both in the infrared field and in the millimeter domain.

Cette munition comprend ainsi un compartiment annulaire à l'intérieur duquel est disposé une poudre d'aluminium, de bronze ou de laiton associée à un agent anti agglomérant, poudre qui est choisie d'une granulométrie appropriée pour masquer le rayonnement infra rouge.This munition thus comprises an annular compartment to inside which is placed a powder of aluminum, bronze or brass associated with an anti-caking agent, powder which is chosen with a particle size appropriate for hide infrared radiation.

Cette poudre est mélangée dans le même compartiment à une autre poudre, ou à des particules telles que des fibres, qui sont choisies de dimensions telles qu'elles assurent un masquage efficace dans le domaine millimétrique. Ces fibres sont coupées par exemple à des longueurs de 1,5mm ou 4,1mm suivant la longueur d'onde à masquer.This powder is mixed in the same compartment with a other powder, or to particles such as fibers, which are chosen so that they ensure effective masking in the millimeter range. These fibers are cut for example to lengths of 1.5mm or 4.1mm according to the wavelength to be masked.

Cette munition présente des inconvénients.This ammunition has disadvantages.

Les matériaux ainsi mélangés vont se séparer ou décanter à l'intérieur de leur compartiment et au fil des périodes de stockage. Il en résultera un risque d'agglomération des matériaux de masquage donc des difficultés pour obtenir un nuage de masquage de taille suffisante.The materials thus mixed will separate or decant within their compartment and over periods of storage. This will result in a risk of agglomeration of masking materials so difficulties to get a masking cloud of sufficient size.

Par ailleurs la répartition des particules masquantes ne sera plus homogène à l'issue de la décantation. Leur répartition dans le nuage de masquage sera donc aléatoire d'une munition à l'autre ce qui nuira aux performances de masquage.Moreover, the distribution of the masking particles does not will be more homogeneous after decantation. Their distribution in the masking cloud will be random from one ammunition to another which will adversely affect the performances of masking.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer une munition ne présentant pas de tels inconvénients et assurant une reproductibilité des performances de masquage d'une munition à l'autre après des périodes de stockage plus ou moins. importantes.It is the object of the invention to propose an ammunition not having such disadvantages and ensuring reproducibility of masking performance of an ammunition to each other after periods of storage more or less. important.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet une munition de masquage comprenant un moyen de masquage instantané efficace dans le domaine infra rouge et/ou millimétrique disposé dans une enveloppe et dispersable à l'aide d'un moyen de dispersion, munition caractérisiée en ce que le moyen de masquage comprend au moins une galette de fibres conductrices et au moins une couche d'une poudre de masquage.Thus, the subject of the invention is a masking ammunition comprising an instantaneous masking means effective in the infrared and / or millimetric domain arranged in a enveloped and dispersible by means of a dispersing means, munition characterized in that the masking means comprises at least one slab of conductive fibers and at least one layer of a masking powder.

La munition de masquage pourra comprendre un empilement disposé dans l'enveloppe et alternant une ou plusieurs galettes de fibres conductrice avec une ou plusieurs couches de poudre de masquage.The masking ammunition may comprise a stack placed in the envelope and alternating one or more conductive fiber slabs with one or more layers of masking powder.

Le moyen de dispersion pourra comporter un piston poussé par un moyen d'éjection et poussant les moyens de masquage hors de l'enveloppe ainsi qu'une cane explosive disposée axialement au travers de l'empilement.The dispersing means may comprise a pushed piston by an ejection means and pushing the masking means out of the envelope as well as an explosive cane arranged axially through the stack.

Les fibres conductrices formant les galettes pourront être des fibres de carbone ou des fibres de verre aluminisées.The conductive fibers forming the slabs can be carbon fiber or glass fiber aluminized.

Les fibres pourront avoir une longueur comprise entre 3 mm et 10 mm.The fibers may have a length of between 3 mm and 10 mm.

La poudre de masquage pourra comprendre une poudre métallique ou organique.The masking powder may comprise a powder metallic or organic.

La poudre de masquage pourra avoir une répartition granulométrique dont le diamètre médian sera inférieur ou égal à 25 micromètres.The masking powder may have a distribution granulometry with a median diameter of less than or equal to 25 micrometers.

Selon un mode particulier de réalisation, la munition pourra comporter au moins deux couches de poudre de masquage de nature et/ou granulométrie différente. According to a particular embodiment, the ammunition may have at least two layers of masking powder of nature and / or different particle size.

Selon un autre mode particulier de réalisation la munition pourra comporter au moins deux galettes de fibres de nature et/ou longueur différentes.According to another particular embodiment of the invention, munition may include at least two fiber patties of different nature and / or length.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une munition selon un premier mode de réalisation,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une munition selon un deuxième mode de réalisation,
  • les figures 3a, 3b et 3c montrent des variantes de réalisation d'un empilement de matériaux de masquage.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of particular embodiments, a description given with reference to the accompanying drawings and in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a munition according to a first embodiment,
  • FIG. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of a munition according to a second embodiment,
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show alternative embodiments of a stack of masking materials.

La figure 1 montre une munition 1 selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.FIG. 1 shows a munition 1 according to a first mode embodiment of the invention.

Cette munition est destinée à venir se placer dans un tube lanceur non représenté et solidaire d'une plate-forme fixe ou d'un véhicule (un tel tube est par exemple décrit dans le brevet FR2765869).This ammunition is intended to be placed in a launcher tube not shown and secured to a platform fixed or of a vehicle (such a tube is for example described in FR2765869).

La munition comprend une enveloppe 2 sous la forme d'un tube à la partie arrière duquel se trouve une embase 3, vissée sur celui-ci, et qui porte un ergot radial 4 permettant la fixation de la munition par un montage à baïonnette sur un lanceur non représenté. L'embase 3 porte un contact 5 axial isolé électriquement de l'embase par un cylindre isolant 6.The ammunition includes an envelope 2 in the form of a tube at the rear part of which is a base 3, screwed on it, and which carries a radial lug 4 allowing the attachment of the ammunition by a mounting to bayonet on a launcher not shown. The base 3 carries a contact 5 axial electrically isolated from the base by a insulating cylinder 6.

L'embase renferme une charge pyrotechnique d'éjection 7 (une poudre propulsive par exemple) et un allumeur 8 qui est relié électriquement, d'une part au contact 5 et d'autre part au corps métallique de l'embase 3. L'enveloppe 2 renferme un piston 9 sur lequel est appliqué un étui cylindrique 10 qui délimite un logement cylindrique 11.The base contains a pyrotechnic ejection charge 7 (a propellant powder for example) and an igniter 8 which is electrically connected, on the one hand to the contact 5 and on the other hand the metal body of the base 3. The envelope 2 encloses a piston 9 on which is applied a cylindrical case 10 which defines a cylindrical housing 11.

L'étui 10 se présente sous la forme de deux demi-coquilles 10a,10b. L'enveloppe 2 est fermée à son autre extrémité par un couvercle 12 relié à celui-ci par une goupille radiale cisaillable (non représentée). The case 10 is in the form of two half-shells 10a, 10b. The envelope 2 is closed to its other end by a cover 12 connected thereto by a radial shear pin (not shown).

Le logement 11 renferme un moyen de masquage dans le domaine infra rouge et/ou millimétrique.The housing 11 contains a masking means in the infra red and / or millimetric domain.

Conformément à l'invention, ce moyen de masquage comprend au moins une galette 13 de fibres conductrices ayant une efficacité masquante dans le domaine millimétrique (fréquence de 35 à 94 GHz) et au moins une couche 14 d'une poudre de masquage ayant une efficacité dans le domaine infra rouge (domaines spectraux de 3 à 5 micromètres et de 8 à 12 micromètres).According to the invention, this masking means comprises at least one wafer 13 of conductive fibers having a masking efficiency in the millimetric domain (frequency from 35 to 94 GHz) and at least one layer 14 of a powder of masking having an efficiency in the infrared field (spectral domains of 3 to 5 micrometers and 8 to 12 microns).

Galettes 13 et couches 14 forment un empilement dans lequel alternent les galettes 13 de fibres conductrice et les couches 14 de poudre de masquage.Wafers 13 and layers 14 form a stack in alternating the wafers 13 of conductive fibers and the layers 14 of masking powder.

Les galettes 13 (ici dix galettes) sont formées de fibres de carbone ou bien de fibres de verre aluminisées. Toutes les fibres sont rangées parallèlement les unes aux autres et parallèlement à l'axe 15 de la munition.The pancakes 13 (here ten slabs) are formed of fibers carbon or aluminized glass fibers. All the fibers are arranged parallel to each other and parallel to the axis 15 of the ammunition.

Chaque galette 13 a ainsi pour épaisseur la longueur des fibres, soit de 3mm à 6mm. Un procédé permettant de réaliser de telles galettes est décrit dans le brevet FR2797044.Each slab 13 thus has for thickness the length of fibers, from 3mm to 6mm. A method for achieving such patties is described in patent FR2797044.

La poudre de masquage formant les couches 14 (ici dix couches 14) est une poudre métallique ou organique (par exemple d'aluminium, de bronze, de carbone ou de laiton), dont la granulométrie est choisie en fonction de la longueur d'onde à masquer.The masking powder forming the layers 14 (here ten 14) is a metallic or organic powder (eg example of aluminum, bronze, carbon or brass), whose grain size is chosen according to the length wave to mask.

Concrètement le diamètre médian des particules des couches 14 est choisi inférieur ou égal à 25 micromètres. On pourra aussi utiliser des particules en forme de lamelles ou de feuillets.Concretely the median diameter of the particles of layers 14 is chosen less than or equal to 25 micrometers. We may also use particles in the form of lamellae or of leaflets.

La munition 1 comprend également un moyen de dispersion des matériaux de masquage.The munition 1 also comprises a dispersing means masking materials.

Ce moyen comprend le piston 9 qui reçoit la pression des gaz engendrés par la charge d'éjection 7 et une cane explosive 16 qui est disposée axialement au travers de l'empilement des galettes 13 et des couches 14.This means comprises the piston 9 which receives the pressure of gas generated by the ejection charge 7 and a cane explosive 16 which is arranged axially through stacking slabs 13 and layers 14.

Cette cane 16 est réalisée par exemple sous la forme d'un tube de carton renfermant une composition pyrotechnique de dispersion, par exemple une composition associant aluminium et perchlorate de potassium.This cane 16 is made for example in the form of a cardboard tube containing a pyrotechnic composition of dispersion, for example a composition combining aluminum and potassium perchlorate.

La composition pyrotechnique de la cane 16 est initiée par un inflammateur à retard 17 qui est solidaire du piston 9 et qui est initié par les gaz de la charge d'éjection 7 au travers d'un orifice 18.The pyrotechnic composition of cane 16 is initiated by a delay igniter 17 which is integral with the piston 9 and which is initiated by the gases of the ejection charge 7 at through an orifice 18.

L'inflammateur 17 incorpore une composition pyrotechnique à retard qui assurera l'initiation de la cane 16 après éjection du moyen de masquage hors de l'étui 12.The igniter 17 incorporates a pyrotechnic composition delay which will ensure the initiation of cane 16 after ejecting the masking means out of the case 12.

De telles compositions à retard sont bien connues de l'Homme du Métier. On la dimensionnera de façon à assurer un retard de l'ordre de la dizaine de millisecondes entre l'initiation du retard et celle de la composition de dispersion.Such delay compositions are well known to the skilled person. We will size it to ensure a delay of the order of ten milliseconds between the initiation of delay and that of the composition of dispersion.

Le fonctionnement de la munition est le suivant.The operation of the ammunition is as follows.

L'allumeur 8 initie la charge d'éjection 7. Dans le même temps le retard de l'inflammateur 17 est initié.The igniter 8 initiates the ejection charge 7. In the same time the delay of the igniter 17 is initiated.

La pression des gaz engendrés par la charge d'éjection 7 pousse le piston 9 qui provoque, par l'intermédiaire de l'étui 10, le cisaillement des goupilles retenant le couvercle 12 et l'éjection de ce dernier.The pressure of the gases generated by the ejection charge 7 pushes the piston 9 which causes, via the case 10, the shear of the pins retaining the cover 12 and the ejection thereof.

L'étui 10 et son contenu se trouvent donc éjectés hors de l'enveloppe 2. Les deux demi coquilles 10a, 10b de l'étui se séparent à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe 2 libérant ainsi le contenu.The case 10 and its contents are thus ejected out of the envelope 2. The two half-shells 10a, 10b of the holster separate on the outside of the envelope 2, thus freeing the content.

A l'issue du retard pyrotechnique prévu, l'inflammateur 17 initie la cane de dispersion 16. L'effet radial de celle ci provoque la dispersion simultanée des fibres des galettes 13 ainsi que de la poudre métallique des couches 14. Il en résulter un nuage de masquage efficace à la fois dans le domaine millimétrique et dans le domaine infrarouge.At the end of the expected pyrotechnic delay, the igniter 17 initiates the dispersion cane 16. The radial effect of that This causes the simultaneous dispersion of the fibers of the pancakes 13 as well as the metallic powder of the layers 14. There result in an effective masking cloud both in the millimeter domain and in the infrared domain.

Du fait de la structure d'empilement proposée par l'invention, il n'y a pas de décantation au fil des périodes de stockage entre les fibres de masquage millimétrique et la poudre de masquage infra rouge. Due to the stacking structure proposed by the invention, there is no decantation over periods storage between the millimetric masking fibers and the infrared masking powder.

De plus, l'alternance des galettes de fibres conductrice 13 et des couches 14 de poudre de masquage assure une bonne répartition des fibres et des particules de poudre dans le nuage engendré. Le mélange de fibres et de particules est plus homogène et les performances de masquage sont donc meilleures.In addition, the alternation of conductive fiber slabs 13 and layers 14 of masking powder ensures good distribution of fibers and powder particles in the generated cloud. The mixture of fibers and particles is more homogeneous and so masking performance is best.

Du point de vue fabrication et montage, les galettes sont réalisées suivant le procédé décrit par le brevet FR2797044. Les galettes obtenues avec ce procédé comportent un alésages axial délimité par un tube en carton et un étui de maintien périphérique (par exemple en acier de 20 à 140 micromètres d'épaisseur). Ce tube et cet étui de maintien ne sont pas représentés sur les figures pour ne pas nuire à leur clarté.From the point of view of manufacture and assembly, the cakes are carried out according to the process described by the patent FR2797044. The pancakes obtained with this process comprise an axial bore delimited by a cardboard tube and a holster Peripheral support (eg steel from 20 to 140 micrometers thick). This tube and this holding case are not represented in the figures so as not to harm their clarity.

On peut donc manipuler et empiler aisément les galettes 13. On dispose donc sur un outillage de maintien (non représenté) l'étui 10 et la cane 16 (non chargée par sa composition de dispersion). On introduit ensuite dans l'étui 10 une première galette 13, puis on dose la quantité de poudre de masquages souhaitée pour réaliser une première couche 14. On tasse la poudre par vibration ou compression et on positionne une deuxième galettes 13.We can therefore handle and stack easily patties 13. So we have on a maintenance tool (no shown) the case 10 and the cane 16 (not loaded by its dispersion composition). We then introduce in the case 10 a first slab 13, then the amount of mask powder desired to achieve a first layer 14. The powder is compressed by vibration or compression and a second pancake 13 is positioned.

On réitère ainsi les opérations pour réaliser l'empilement souhaité.We repeat the operations to achieve the desired stack.

Après réalisation de l'empilement on charge la cane avec sa composition pyrotechnique de dispersion et on positionne l'étui 10 dans l'enveloppe 2 portant le piston 9 et la chargé d'éjection 7.After completion of the stack, we load the cane with its pyrotechnic dispersion composition and one positions the case 10 in the casing 2 carrying the piston 9 and the loaded ejection 7.

II est bien entendu possible de faire varier le nombre de galettes 13 de fibres et/ou le nombre de couches 14 de matériau de masquage en fonction des caractéristiques de masquage souhaitée pour le nuage à engendrer.It is of course possible to vary the number of fiber patties 13 and / or the number of layers 14 of masking material according to the characteristics of desired masking for the cloud to generate.

Il est aussi possible de faire varier la nature et/ou la longueur ou granulométrie des matériaux des galettes de fibres et/ou des couches de poudre de masquage. It is also possible to vary the nature and / or the length or granulometry of the material fibers and / or masking powder layers.

La figure 2 montre ainsi un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel le moyen de masquage comprend un empilement disposé dans l'étui 10 qui comprend deux types de fibres différentes, formant des galettes 13a ou 13b (ici cinq galettes de chaque type sont représentées), et deux types de matériaux pulvérulents différents, formant les couches 14a ou 14b (ici cinq couches de chaque type sont représentées).FIG. 2 thus shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the masking means comprises a stack disposed in the case 10 which comprises two types of different fibers, forming wafers 13a or 13b (here five pancakes of each type are represented), and two types of different powdery materials, forming layers 14a or 14b (here five layers of each type are represented).

On pourra par exemple associer des galettes 13a formées de fibres de type fibres de carbone enzymées ou non avec des galettes 13b formées de fibres de type fibre de verre aluminisées (ou "chaffs").For example, it will be possible to associate wafers 13a formed of carbon fiber fibers enzymed or not with wafers 13b formed of fiberglass type fibers aluminized (or "chaffs").

On pourra également associer des fibres de carbone d'environ 3 mm de long à des fibres de carbone de 6 à 8 mm de long.We can also associate carbon fibers about 3 mm long to carbon fibers 6 to 8 mm thick. long.

On pourra utiliser pour réaliser les couches 14a un matériau pulvérulent de granulométrie voisine de 3 à 5 micromètres et pour réaliser les couches 14b un matériau pulvérulent de granulométrie voisine de 8 à 12 micromètres.It will be possible to use for making layers 14a a powdery material with a particle size of 3 to 5 micrometers and to make layers 14b a material powder of particle size close to 8 to 12 micrometers.

Ces matériaux pulvérulents pourront être de même nature ou de nature différentes (aluminium, bronze, laiton, carbone,...).These powdery materials may be of the same nature or of different types (aluminum, bronze, brass, carbon,...).

L'invention permet donc d'optimiser le chargement en utilisant les matériaux les plus adaptés à chaque longueur d'onde que l'on cherche à masquer. On pourra rajouter éventuellement des additifs permettant d'augmenter le temps de suspension du nuage.The invention therefore makes it possible to optimize the loading in using the most suitable materials for each length wave that one seeks to mask. We can add possibly additives to increase the time of cloud suspension.

Un tel mode de réalisation permet de créer un nuage homogène dont les caractéristiques d'occultation infrarouge et millimétrique sont optimales.Such an embodiment makes it possible to create a cloud homogenous with infrared concealment characteristics and millimetric are optimal.

Chaque couche 14a est disposée entre une galette 13a et une galette 13b.Each layer 14a is disposed between a wafer 13a and a cake 13b.

Chaque couche 14b est disposée entre une galette 13b et une galette 13a.Each layer 14b is disposed between a wafer 13b and a cake 13a.

Il y a donc séparation parfaite entre les couches pulvérulentes 14a et les couches 14b. Il n'y a donc pas de risques de décantation des matériaux et la munition conserve ses performances même après de longues durées de stockage.There is therefore perfect separation between the layers powder 14a and 14b layers. So there is no risk of settling of materials and ammunition retains its performance even after long storage times.

On pourra également en fonction des besoins opérationnels définir une munition dans laquelle les épaisseurs des différentes couches de matériaux pulvérulents sont différentes le long de la munition.We can also according to the operational needs define an ammunition in which the thicknesses of the different layers of powdery materials are different along the ammunition.

On pourra également réaliser un empilement dans lequel au moins deux galettes de fibres sont disposées l'une sur l'autre.It will also be possible to carry out a stack in which at at least two fiber pancakes are arranged one on the other.

Les figures 3a, 3b et 3c montrent ainsi à titre d'exemple non limitatif différents types de combinaisons ou structures de l'empilement galettes / couches qui sont possibles.FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c thus show by way of example non-limiting different types of combinations or structures stacking patties / layers that are possible.

La figure 3a montre un empilement dans lequel les galettes de fibre 13 sont empilées deux par deux et une couche de poudre de masquage 14 est disposée entre chaque groupe de deux galettes 13.Figure 3a shows a stack in which the fiber patties 13 are stacked two by two and one layer of masking powder 14 is disposed between each group of two cakes 13.

La figure 3b montre un empilement dans lequel les couches 14a, 14b et 14c de poudre de masquage disposées, entre deux galettes 13 de fibres ont une épaisseur différente d'une couche à l'autre.Figure 3b shows a stack in which the layers 14a, 14b and 14c of masking powder disposed between two slabs 13 of fibers have a thickness different from one layer to another.

La figure 3c montre un empilement dans lequel les couches 14 de poudre de masquage sont disposées entre des galettes de fibres de dimensions et caractéristiques différentes : des premières galettes 13a de fibres de carbone ayant environ 3 mm de longueur et des deuxièmes galettes 13b de fibres de carbone ayant 6 mm à 8 mm de longueur.Figure 3c shows a stack in which the layers 14 of masking powder are arranged between fibers of different sizes and characteristics: first wafers 13a of carbon fibers having about 3 mm of length and second slabs 13b of fibers of carbon having 6 mm to 8 mm in length.

Claims (9)

Munition de masquage (1) comprenant un moyen de masquage instantané efficace dans le domaine infra rouge et/ou millimétrique disposé dans une enveloppe (2) et dispersable à l'aide d'un moyen de dispersion, munition caractérisée en ce que le moyen de masquage comprend au moins une galette (13) de fibres conductrices et au moins une couche (14) d'une poudre de masquage.Masking ammunition (1) comprising an infrared and / or millimeter effective instantaneous masking means arranged in an envelope (2) and dispersible by means of a dispersing means, ammunition characterized in that the means for masking comprises at least one wafer (13) of conductive fibers and at least one layer (14) of a masking powder. Munition de masquage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'elle comprend un empilement disposé dans l'enveloppe (2) et alternant une ou plusieurs galettes (13) de fibres conductrice avec une ou plusieurs couches (14) de poudre de masquage.Masking ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a stack disposed in the casing (2) and alternating one or more wafers (13) of conductive fibers with one or more layers (14) of masking powder. Munition de masquage selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le moyen de dispersion comprend un piston (9) poussé par un moyen d'éjection (7) et poussant les moyens de masquage hors de l'enveloppe (2) ainsi qu'une cane explosive (16) disposée axialement au travers de l'empilement.Masking ammunition according to claim 2, characterized in that the dispersing means comprises a piston (9) pushed by an ejection means (7) and pushing the masking means out of the envelope (2) and a explosive cane (16) disposed axially through the stack. Munition de masquage selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les fibres conductrices formant les galettes (13) sont des fibres de carbone ou des fibres de verre aluminisées.Masking ammunition according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the conductive fibers forming the slabs (13) are carbon fibers or aluminized glass fibers. Munition de masquage selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les fibres ont une longueur comprise entre 3 mm et 10 mm.Masking ammunition according to claim 4, characterized in that the fibers have a length of between 3 mm and 10 mm. Munition de masquage selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la poudre de masquage comprend une poudre métallique ou organique.Masking ammunition according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the masking powder comprises a metal or organic powder. Munition de masquage selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la poudre de masquage a une répartition granulométrique dont le diamètre médian est inférieur ou égal à 25 micromètres.Masking ammunition according to claim 6, characterized in that the masking powder has a particle size distribution whose median diameter is less than or equal to 25 micrometers. Munition de masquage selon une des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins deux couches (14) de poudre de masquage de nature et/ou granulométrie différente.Masking ammunition according to one of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that it comprises at least two layers (14) of masking powder of different types and / or particle size. Munition de masquage selon une des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins deux galettes (13) de fibres de nature et/ou longueur différentes.Masking ammunition according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that it comprises at least two slabs (13) of fibers of different types and / or lengths.
EP03291310.5A 2002-06-12 2003-06-02 Masking ammunition Expired - Lifetime EP1371934B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0207234A FR2840978B1 (en) 2002-06-12 2002-06-12 MASKING AMMUNITION
FR0207234 2002-06-12

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EP1371934A1 true EP1371934A1 (en) 2003-12-17
EP1371934B1 EP1371934B1 (en) 2016-01-13
EP1371934B2 EP1371934B2 (en) 2022-08-31

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Also Published As

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FR2840978B1 (en) 2004-09-03
EP1371934B1 (en) 2016-01-13
EP1371934B2 (en) 2022-08-31
FR2840978A1 (en) 2003-12-19

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