EP1369886A1 - Mechanical spring actuator for medium or high voltage circuit-breaker, comprising a toothed wheel/pinion drive - Google Patents

Mechanical spring actuator for medium or high voltage circuit-breaker, comprising a toothed wheel/pinion drive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1369886A1
EP1369886A1 EP03291308A EP03291308A EP1369886A1 EP 1369886 A1 EP1369886 A1 EP 1369886A1 EP 03291308 A EP03291308 A EP 03291308A EP 03291308 A EP03291308 A EP 03291308A EP 1369886 A1 EP1369886 A1 EP 1369886A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segment
toothed wheel
teeth
spring
wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03291308A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1369886B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Von Allmen
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Grid Solutions SAS
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Alstom SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1369886A1 publication Critical patent/EP1369886A1/en
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Publication of EP1369886B1 publication Critical patent/EP1369886B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H3/3005—Charging means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
    • H01H2003/3063—Decoupling charging handle or motor at end of charging cycle or during charged condition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19949—Teeth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanical spring control for circuit breaker in a high or medium voltage network, comprising a toothed wheel rotated by a spring of a first position angular to a second angular position and a pinion cooperating with the gear wheel to move it from the second angular position towards the first angular position in order to tension said spring, said toothed wheel having a peripheral toothing consisting on the one hand of a primitive toothing integral with the wheel and on the other hand with a toothing part in the form of a retractable toothed segment, said primitive toothing being of constant pitch.
  • a circuit breaker in a high or medium voltage network means switchgear for an electrical network whose voltage operating power is greater than 1 kV.
  • the invention can firstly be applied to a mechanical control in which the toothed wheel is integral with a single drive shaft coupled to a movable contact of the circuit breaker so as to close the circuit breaker by the detent spring which is able to drive the wheel. It can also be applied to an order in which the toothed wheel is integral with a first shaft called a shaft which is coupled to the movable contact via a second tree says main tree, as is generally the case in latest generation controls for high voltage circuit breakers.
  • the connection between the shaft (s) and a movable contact of the circuit breaker is not reversible, i.e. the interlocking spring can be re-tensioned by rotating the pinion after closing the circuit breaker without causing it to open.
  • This pinion is driven by a electric motor to reset the control, and the gear wheel turns in the same direction when the interlocking spring relaxes and when it is tensioned by the engine.
  • a ratchet is generally arranged opposite a cam linked in movement to the wheel toothed so that the cam comes to rest on this pawl when the wheel toothed reaches the first angular position.
  • This ratchet is usually articulated so that its release releases the toothed wheel and triggers the closing of the circuit breaker by spring expansion.
  • Stopping the engine by cutting off its power supply is not suitable for immobilizing the toothed wheel with sufficient precision because engine inertia delays this stop.
  • Such an order therefore includes usually a mechanical device to disconnect the motor from the gear when it reaches the first angular position. Without such device, the forces generated by the inertia of the motor in the teeth and in the pawl would cause significant wear of the control which would quickly lead to its destruction.
  • Patent document EP 0917168 contains a good number of elements components which can be used in a mechanical control according to the invention.
  • the toothed wheel includes a plurality of teeth capable of slide towards the inside of the toothed wheel, these sliding teeth being located in an area of the gear wheel corresponding to the position of the pinion when the gear is in the first angular position.
  • Each sliding tooth is able to retract by sliding radially at against its own return spring. More specifically, each sliding tooth has an asymmetrical profile with a tooth head forming an inclined plane, so that when they are meshed by the pinion, the sliding teeth retract under the effect of the pressing force that they undergo from the pinion, which has the effect of uncoupling mechanically the gear wheel motor.
  • These sliding teeth are spaced a distance significantly greater than the pitch of the teeth for the rest of the toothed wheel, in order to facilitate re-engagement of the pinion during of the spring relaxation.
  • the retractable teeth have a specific profile including a head tooth shaped inclined plane which further increases the manufacturing cost.
  • the toothing of the toothed wheel comprises teeth arranged on a segment retractable
  • the object of the invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the condition of the technique by proposing a more reliable system for a cost of reduced manufacturing.
  • the subject of the invention is mechanical spring control for high voltage circuit breaker, comprising a gear wheel driven in rotation by a spring from a first angular position to a second position angular and a pinion cooperating with the toothed wheel to move it from the second angular position to the first angular position so tensioning said spring, said toothed wheel having a peripheral toothing consisting on the one hand of a primary toothing integral with the wheel and on the other part of a toothing in the form of a retractable toothed segment, said primitive toothing being of constant pitch, characterized in that said retractable segment includes at least four teeth spaced one by one of the same constant pitch as the pitch of said primitive toothing.
  • the retractable tooth segment thus comprises a conventional toothing not requiring any special machining, which further reduces the cost of manufacture of the control according to the invention.
  • the segment is articulated in the gear wheel by a first end, being retained by a return spring tending to keep it out.
  • This return spring can advantageously consist of a bent V-shaped blade.
  • the segment is naturally retracts when engaged by the pinion at the first end, so there is no need to provide mechanism for controlling the position of the retractable segment which simplifies the control according to the invention.
  • the joint is located inside a circle of the same diameter as the diameter of base of the gear wheel.
  • the articulation of the segment comprises an axis which is positioned at a distance from the base diameter between one and two times the distance between the base diameter and the pitch diameter.
  • the segment shrinks in the thickness of the gear wheel between two plates forming flanges of the toothed wheel. So the gear wheel has a limited space, and the teeth can be produced by cutting the plates.
  • the reset system of the engagement spring 4 of a mechanical control comprises a latching shaft 1, a large diameter gear 2 mounted on this shaft engagement, and a drive motor not shown coupled to the gear 2 via a pinion 3.
  • the movable contact of the circuit breaker is coupled to the interlocking shaft via in particular of a main tree known per se and not shown.
  • the engagement spring 4 is used for driving the shaft 1 to cause the circuit breaker to close.
  • Spring 4 has a first end connected to a first cam 5 which is mounted in end of the interlocking shaft 1 while being integral with this shaft and a second end linked to the control frame. More specifically, the spring 4 has its first end linked to an anchor point 5 'on the first cam via a 4 'cable or a chain passing through a 4 "angle return pulley.
  • the anchor point 5 'on the first cam 5 is eccentric with respect to the interlocking shaft 1, so that when the engagement shaft is in a first angular position shown in Figure 1, the spring 4 is tensioned and exerts a force tending to drive the interlocking shaft in the indirect direction IND in the figure. This first angular position is close to a top dead center position corresponding to maximum spring tension 4.
  • the motor is mechanically decoupled from the wheel toothed when it reaches the first angular position thanks to the setting using a segment of retractable teeth.
  • the peripheral toothing of the gear 2 consists on the one hand of a primitive toothing integral with the wheel and on the other hand a portion of teeth in the form of a segment retractable toothed 10.
  • This segment is arranged at the periphery of the wheel toothed 2 in an area corresponding to the position of the pinion 3 when the gear is in the first angular position.
  • This segment 10 can by example be slidably mounted relative to the gear 2 so as to be able to slide in a generally radial motion relative to to the interlocking shaft.
  • the segment 10 retracts to uncouple the pinion 3. More particularly, when the segment 10 retracts, the teeth which it carries approach the engagement shaft to disengage the pinion 3 and the toothed wheel 2.
  • the retractable segment 10 comprises at least four teeth spaced one by one with the same constant pitch as the pitch of the teeth primitive.
  • the segment 10 When the segment 10 is in an extended position, its teeth are located in the continuity of the original toothing of the wheel tooth 2 to authorize a meshing of the pinion 3.
  • the teeth of segment 10 are also normal and identical teeth to the teeth of the primary dentition.
  • a minimum number of four teeth is necessary for a segment 10 in an order according to the invention.
  • the teeth of segment 10 can be produced with a machine classic tool for machining gear teeth, which reduces significantly the manufacturing cost of the control according to the invention while by improving operational reliability.
  • the segment could for example retract under the effect of a mechanism managing its radial position as a function of the angular position of the wheel toothed.
  • a return spring 11 shown schematically in Figure 2 tends to maintain segment 10 in extended position, so that this segment 10 spontaneously retracts as soon as the pinion 3 meshes it, which will be detailed below.
  • segment 10 has a first end fixed to the toothed wheel 2 by a joint 12 and its other end supported on the return spring 11 which is integral with the wheel toothed.
  • the articulation 12 is produced by an axis fixed to the toothed wheel and around which the segment 10 can rotate.
  • the return spring 11 is here a coil spring extending radially with one end supported on segment 10 and its other end resting on toothed wheel 2.
  • the retractable segment 10 can be produced in one plastic material such as a polymer so as to form for example a unique piece made by molding and including two protrusions forming the axis of the joint 12.
  • a spiral spring located at the axis of the joint 12 having one end connected to the segment and its other end connected to the toothed wheel is also possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • a spring 11 whose straight parts of the V-shaped blade each has approximately the same length as the retractable segment 10 and form between them an angle of between 10 ° and 20 ° may be entirely suitable, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the segment 10 is thus able to retract by pivoting against the return spring 11. More particularly, when the segment is retracted forms a recess in the periphery of the toothed wheel 2: the teeth of the first end move globally in the radial direction of the gear 2 towards the interlocking shaft, while the teeth of the second end which are close to the joint move little, as shown in figure 7.
  • the segment and the return spring can advantageously be mounted in the thickness of the gear wheel to reduce its size so that the segment retracts into the thickness of the gear wheel for reduce its size, as visible in FIG. 3 which is a view in partial section of the segment and of the return spring in a plane containing latch shaft 1.
  • the toothed wheel 2 here comprises three steel plates 2A, 2B and 2C resting on each other.
  • the central plate 2B includes a large recess at the retractable segment 10 and it is sandwiched between the two side plates which form sprocket flanges and include smaller recesses size in this area.
  • the retractable segment is guided by the two side plates 2A and 2C between which it is free to slide radially.
  • the axis of the joint 12 which crosses the segment 10 has each of its ends fixed to a side plate 2A, 2C.
  • the recess of the central plate 2B in particular forms a abutment on which the second end of segment 10 is in support when it is extended.
  • each plate has a small thickness which which allows the teeth to be produced by cutting each plate instead of achieve this toothing by machining in order to further reduce the costs of manufacture of the control according to the invention.
  • the teeth that are each provided with plates on their periphery except for the segment area retractable constitute the toothing of the toothed wheel.
  • the toothed wheel can also be carried out with a greater number of plates of so as to form a thicker toothing while making it by cutting instead of making it by machining.
  • Figures 5 to 8 give a schematic representation of the operation of the rearming spring reset system 4 the command corresponding to the resetting of the spring then to the tripping of a circuit breaker by the control. During this operation the gear wheel turns in the indirect direction IND on the FIGS.
  • FIG. 5 represents a part of the toothed wheel 2 when it is rotated in the indirect direction IND by the pinion 3 to reach its first angular position.
  • the pinion 3 reaches the first end of the segment 10 being initially engaged in the teeth of this segment, which corresponds substantially to the position for which the first cam 5 comes to bear on the pawl 6.
  • the pressing forces F 1 of the pinion 3 on the teeth of the segment 10 are carried by a substantially oblique axis A 1 which is positioned so that the articulation 12 is between this axis A 1 and the engagement shaft 1. More particularly, these pressing efforts F 1 are oriented from right to left in FIG. 6, in such a way that they tend to rotate the segment 10 in the indirect direction IND around the axis of the articulation 12 for that the segment retracts as soon as it is engaged by the pinion 3.
  • the segment naturally retracts, this which mechanically uncouples the motor from the toothed wheel when the latter reaches the first angular position.
  • the pinion 3 stops in a position any angle: it can be meshed in segment 10 which is then in the extended position; or disengaged with the segment which is then retracted as in figure 7.
  • the drive of the pinion by the motor can be achieved through a clutch type system.
  • the invention makes it possible to reduce these mechanical stresses so that a direct drive of the pinion by the motor generally does not drive premature wear of the pinion teeth and / or the retractable segment.
  • the pinion 3 and the gear 2 spontaneously disengage when the wheel reaches the first position angular and spontaneously re-couple when the spring 4 relaxes.
  • the articulation 12 of the segment 10 is located inside a circle with the same center as the wheel 2 and the same diameter as the base diameter D B of the teeth of the wheel 2, to further facilitate re-engagement. More particularly, during the relaxation of the spring 4, the pressing forces F 2 of the pinion 3 on the teeth of the segment 10 are carried by another axis A 2 also oblique. By positioning the articulation inside the base diameter D B , this other axis A 2 is located in such a way that the articulation 12 is located between the interlocking shaft and this other axis A 2 .
  • the toothed wheel As the toothed wheel is here driving, these efforts F 2 are oriented from left to right in Figure 8, which tends to rotate the segment 10 in the direct direction DIR to bring out this segment and thus promote the re-coupling of the pinion 3 with the toothing of the segment. Thus, the risk of pinion 3 jamming is further minimized, which significantly improves the operating safety of the control.
  • the basic diameter of the teeth corresponds to the diameter of a circle centered on the wheel 2 and tangent to the axis A 2 as well as to the axis A 1 .
  • the axis of the articulation 12 of the segment 10 is substantially distant from the base diameter D B of the toothed wheel 2 so that the displacement of the teeth of the retractable segment 10 takes place in an oblique direction relative to the radial direction of the toothed wheel 2.
  • the closer the axis of the joint 12 is to the base diameter D B the more the displacement of the teeth of the retractable segment 10 is radial; and the farther this axis is from the base diameter D B , the more this displacement takes place with a non-negligible tangential component along an axis tangential to the toothed wheel 2.
  • the tangential component of the displacement of the teeth of the retractable segment 10 promotes an anticipated engagement of the pinion 3 of the motor, that is to say an engagement in a situation for which the segment 10 is not yet fully extended while the gear 2 begins to drive the pinion 3 in rotation.
  • the continuation of the meshing spontaneously produces the exit from segment 10, as indicated above.
  • the pressing forces F 2 due to the meshing are thus reduced during the exit from the segment 10, compared to a system where the axis of the joint 12 would be closer to the base diameter D B of the toothed wheel.
  • the variation in these pressing forces is also less abrupt during this phase of the start of engagement.
  • the positioning of the axis of the articulation 12 at a certain distance from the base diameter D B , as well as the arrangement of the teeth of the retractable segment 10 spaced from each other by the same constant pitch as on the toothed wheel 2, contribute to improving the life of an order according to the invention and also allows the use of a plastic material such as a polymer to produce the retractable segment without risk of premature wear of the teeth of the segment.
  • the control according to the invention may also include a switch electric motor supply intended to manage the motor supply depending on the angular position of the gear.
  • the command also includes a second cam 7 integral with the interlocking shaft and which cooperates with a lever control 8, as shown in figure 1.
  • This control lever 8 is mounted rotatable at one end and at its second end held in support on the contour of the second cam 7 by an elastic element 8 'which here is a coil spring.
  • This control lever is linked in movement to an electrical switch (not shown) via three rods 9A, 9B, 9C so as to control the power supply to the engine.
  • the contour of the second cam 7 forms a spiral arc centered on the interlocking shaft which closes on itself by a recess.

Abstract

The mechanical spring command has a toothed wheel (2) which rotates with a spring, moving between two angular positions. A smaller gear wheel (3) moves between two angular positions. The main toothed wheel has a retractable section (10) forming a constant path. Four teeth on the retractable section have the same constant path as the primitive section.

Description

L'invention concerne une commande mécanique à ressort pour disjoncteur dans un réseau haute ou moyenne tension, comprenant une roue dentée entraínée en rotation par un ressort d'une première position angulaire vers une seconde position angulaire et un pignon coopérant avec la roue dentée pour la déplacer depuis la seconde position angulaire vers la première position angulaire afin de tendre ledit ressort, ladite roue dentée ayant une denture périphérique constituée d'une part d'une denture primitive solidaire de la roue et d'autre part d'une partie de denture sous la forme d'un segment denté rétractable, ladite denture primitive étant à pas constant.The invention relates to a mechanical spring control for circuit breaker in a high or medium voltage network, comprising a toothed wheel rotated by a spring of a first position angular to a second angular position and a pinion cooperating with the gear wheel to move it from the second angular position towards the first angular position in order to tension said spring, said toothed wheel having a peripheral toothing consisting on the one hand of a primitive toothing integral with the wheel and on the other hand with a toothing part in the form of a retractable toothed segment, said primitive toothing being of constant pitch.

On entend par disjoncteur dans un réseau haute ou moyenne tension tout appareillage de coupure destiné à un réseau électrique dont la tension d'exploitation est supérieure à 1 kV.A circuit breaker in a high or medium voltage network means switchgear for an electrical network whose voltage operating power is greater than 1 kV.

L'invention peut tout d'abord être appliquée à une commande mécanique dans laquelle la roue dentée est solidaire d'un arbre de commande unique accouplé à un contact mobile du disjoncteur de manière à fermer le disjoncteur par la détente du ressort d'enclenchement qui est apte à entraíner la roue. Elle peut aussi être appliquée à une commande dans laquelle la roue dentée est solidaire d'un premier arbre dit arbre d'enclenchement qui est accouplé au contact mobile par l'intermédiaire d'un second arbre dit arbre principal, comme c'est généralement le cas dans les commandes de dernière génération pour disjoncteurs haute tension.The invention can firstly be applied to a mechanical control in which the toothed wheel is integral with a single drive shaft coupled to a movable contact of the circuit breaker so as to close the circuit breaker by the detent spring which is able to drive the wheel. It can also be applied to an order in which the toothed wheel is integral with a first shaft called a shaft which is coupled to the movable contact via a second tree says main tree, as is generally the case in latest generation controls for high voltage circuit breakers.

Il convient de noter qu'indépendamment du fait que la commande soit à arbre unique ou non, la liaison entre le ou les arbres et un contact mobile du disjoncteur n'est pas réversible, c'est à dire que le ressort d'enclenchement peut être retendu par rotation du pignon après la fermeture du disjoncteur sans provoquer l'ouverture de ce dernier. Ce pignon est entraíné par un moteur électrique pour réarmer la commande, et la roue dentée tourne dans le même sens lorsque le ressort d'enclenchement se détend et lorsqu'il est retendu par le moteur.It should be noted that regardless of whether the order is at shaft or not, the connection between the shaft (s) and a movable contact of the circuit breaker is not reversible, i.e. the interlocking spring can be re-tensioned by rotating the pinion after closing the circuit breaker without causing it to open. This pinion is driven by a electric motor to reset the control, and the gear wheel turns in the same direction when the interlocking spring relaxes and when it is tensioned by the engine.

Dans ce qui suit, on désignera le plus souvent par "ressort" le ressort d'enclenchement qui est relié à la roue dentée et qui est apte à entraíner cette dernière.In what follows, we will most often designate by "spring" the spring which is connected to the toothed wheel and which is suitable for driving the latter.

En fin de réarmement du ressort, la rotation de la roue dentée est arrêtée lorsque cette roue dentée atteint la première position angulaire qui correspond sensiblement à la tension maximale du ressort. Un cliquet est généralement disposé en regard d'une came liée en mouvement à la roue dentée de sorte que la came vient en appui sur ce cliquet lorsque la roue dentée atteint la première position angulaire. Ce cliquet est généralement articulé pour que son dégagement libère la roue dentée et déclenche la fermeture du disjoncteur par détente du ressort.At the end of spring reset, the rotation of the toothed wheel is stopped when this gear reaches the first angular position which roughly corresponds to the maximum spring tension. A ratchet is generally arranged opposite a cam linked in movement to the wheel toothed so that the cam comes to rest on this pawl when the wheel toothed reaches the first angular position. This ratchet is usually articulated so that its release releases the toothed wheel and triggers the closing of the circuit breaker by spring expansion.

L'arrêt du moteur par coupure de son alimentation électrique n'est pas adapté pour immobiliser la roue dentée avec une précision suffisante car l'inertie du moteur retarde cet arrêt. Une telle commande comprend donc généralement un dispositif mécanique pour désaccoupler le moteur de la roue dentée lorsqu'elle atteint la première position angulaire. Sans un tel dispositif, les efforts générés par l'inertie du moteur dans les dentures et dans le cliquet provoqueraient une usure importante de la commande qui conduirait rapidement à sa destruction.Stopping the engine by cutting off its power supply is not suitable for immobilizing the toothed wheel with sufficient precision because engine inertia delays this stop. Such an order therefore includes usually a mechanical device to disconnect the motor from the gear when it reaches the first angular position. Without such device, the forces generated by the inertia of the motor in the teeth and in the pawl would cause significant wear of the control which would quickly lead to its destruction.

Le document de brevet EP 0917168 comporte un bon nombre d'éléments constitutifs qui peuvent être utilisés dans une commande mécanique selon l'invention. La roue dentée comprend une pluralité de dents pouvant coulisser vers l'intérieur de la roue dentée, ces dents coulissantes étant situées dans une zone de la roue dentée correspondant à la position du pignon lorsque la roue dentée est dans la première position angulaire. Chaque dent coulissante est apte à se rétracter en glissant radialement à l'encontre d'un ressort de rappel qui lui est propre. Plus particulièrement, chaque dent coulissante a un profil asymétrique avec une tête de dent formant un plan incliné, de sorte que lorsqu'elles sont engrenées par le pignon, les dents coulissantes se rétractent sous l'effet de l'effort presseur qu'elles subissent de la part du pignon, ce qui a pour effet de désaccoupler mécaniquement le moteur de la roue dentée. Ces dents coulissantes sont espacées d'une distance nettement supérieure au pas de la denture pour le reste de la roue dentée, en vue de faciliter le réengrènement du pignon lors de la détente du ressort.Patent document EP 0917168 contains a good number of elements components which can be used in a mechanical control according to the invention. The toothed wheel includes a plurality of teeth capable of slide towards the inside of the toothed wheel, these sliding teeth being located in an area of the gear wheel corresponding to the position of the pinion when the gear is in the first angular position. Each sliding tooth is able to retract by sliding radially at against its own return spring. More specifically, each sliding tooth has an asymmetrical profile with a tooth head forming an inclined plane, so that when they are meshed by the pinion, the sliding teeth retract under the effect of the pressing force that they undergo from the pinion, which has the effect of uncoupling mechanically the gear wheel motor. These sliding teeth are spaced a distance significantly greater than the pitch of the teeth for the rest of the toothed wheel, in order to facilitate re-engagement of the pinion during of the spring relaxation.

Un tel agencement nécessite un système de coulissement pour chaque dent, ce qui représente un surcoût d'usinage et de fabrication significatifs. D'autre part les dents rétractables ont un profil spécifique incluant une tête de dent en forme de plan incliné ce qui accroít encore le coût de fabrication.Such an arrangement requires a sliding system for each tooth, which represents a significant additional machining and manufacturing cost. On the other hand the retractable teeth have a specific profile including a head tooth shaped inclined plane which further increases the manufacturing cost.

Il est connu du document de brevet JP 01154418 une commande mécanique comprenant un pignon et une roue dentée dont la denture périphérique comprend un segment denté rétractable. Ce segment comprend deux dents espacées entre elles d'une distance correspondant sensiblement au double du pas régulier de la denture primitive. Lorsque le segment est sorti, chacune de ses deux dents est à la même distance de la dent la plus proche de la denture primitive.It is known from patent document JP 01154418 an order mechanical comprising a pinion and a toothed wheel whose toothing device includes a retractable toothed segment. This segment includes two teeth spaced apart by a corresponding distance substantially double the regular pitch of the primary teeth. When the segment is out, each of its two teeth is the same distance from the tooth closest to the original dentition.

Cette réalisation n'est cependant pas satisfaisante, comme il est expliqué en préambule du document de brevet US 5723836. Il est précisé dans ce document que la phase de désaccouplement entre le pignon et la roue dentée implique une oscillation du segment rétractable telle que les collisions entre les dents du pignon et la dent à l'extrémité oscillante du segment risquent de conduire à une détérioration de surface d'au moins une dent. En conséquence, un examen rigoureux de la surface des dents est nécessaire pour limiter le risque d'une telle détérioration, ce qui conduit à un surcoût pour la fabrication de la commande.However, this achievement is not satisfactory, as explained in the preamble to US patent document 5723836. It is specified in this document that the uncoupling phase between the pinion and the wheel toothed implies an oscillation of the retractable segment such as collisions between the teeth of the pinion and the tooth at the oscillating end of the segment may lead to surface damage of at least one tooth. In consequence, a rigorous examination of the tooth surface is necessary to limit the risk of such deterioration, which leads to an additional cost for manufacturing the order.

Tout en conservant le principe d'une commande de disjoncteur dont la denture de la roue dentée comprend des dents disposées sur un segment rétractable, le but de l'invention est de remédier aux inconvénients de l'état de la technique en proposant un système plus fiable pour un coût de fabrication réduit.While retaining the principle of circuit breaker control, the toothing of the toothed wheel comprises teeth arranged on a segment retractable, the object of the invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the condition of the technique by proposing a more reliable system for a cost of reduced manufacturing.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet commande mécanique à ressort pour disjoncteur haute tension, comprenant une roue dentée entraínée en rotation par un ressort d'une première position angulaire vers une seconde position angulaire et un pignon coopérant avec la roue dentée pour la déplacer depuis la seconde position angulaire vers la première position angulaire afin de tendre ledit ressort, ladite roue dentée ayant une denture périphérique constituée d'une part d'une denture primitive solidaire de la roue et d'autre part d'une partie de denture sous la forme d'un segment denté rétractable, ladite denture primitive étant à pas constant, caractérisée en ce que ledit segment rétractable comprend au moins quatre dents espacées une à une du même pas constant que le pas de ladite denture primitive.To this end, the subject of the invention is mechanical spring control for high voltage circuit breaker, comprising a gear wheel driven in rotation by a spring from a first angular position to a second position angular and a pinion cooperating with the toothed wheel to move it from the second angular position to the first angular position so tensioning said spring, said toothed wheel having a peripheral toothing consisting on the one hand of a primary toothing integral with the wheel and on the other part of a toothing in the form of a retractable toothed segment, said primitive toothing being of constant pitch, characterized in that said retractable segment includes at least four teeth spaced one by one of the same constant pitch as the pitch of said primitive toothing.

Le segment de dents rétractables comprend ainsi une denture classique ne nécessitant pas d'usinage particulier, ce qui réduit encore le coût de fabrication de la commande selon l'invention.The retractable tooth segment thus comprises a conventional toothing not requiring any special machining, which further reduces the cost of manufacture of the control according to the invention.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention le segment est articulé dans la roue dentée par une première extrémité, en étant retenu par un ressort de rappel tendant à le maintenir sorti. Ce ressort de rappel peut avantageusement être constitué d'une lame en V coudée. Le segment se rétracte naturellement lorsqu'il est engrené par le pignon au niveau de la première extrémité, de sorte qu'il n'est pas nécessaire de prévoir de mécanisme de commande de la position du segment rétractable ce qui simplifie la commande selon l'invention.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the segment is articulated in the gear wheel by a first end, being retained by a return spring tending to keep it out. This return spring can advantageously consist of a bent V-shaped blade. The segment is naturally retracts when engaged by the pinion at the first end, so there is no need to provide mechanism for controlling the position of the retractable segment which simplifies the control according to the invention.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, l'articulation est située à l'intérieur d'un cercle de même diamètre que le diamètre de base de la denture de la roue dentée. Avec cet agencement, le pignon est désaccouplé de la roue en fin de réarmement du ressort d'enclenchement, mais il se réaccouple spontanément avec la roue dentée sur détente du ressort de rappel, y compris si le segment est resté dans une position rétractée après arrêt complet du moteur.According to another particular embodiment of the invention, the joint is located inside a circle of the same diameter as the diameter of base of the gear wheel. With this arrangement, the pinion is uncoupled from the wheel at the end of reset of the engagement spring, but it spontaneously re-couples with the toothed wheel on trigger of the return spring, including if the segment has remained in a position retracted after the engine has stopped completely.

Avantageusement l'articulation du segment comprend un axe qui est positionné à une distance du diamètre de base comprise entre une et deux fois la distance séparant le diamètre de base du diamètre primitif. Cette disposition, qui autorise un mouvement sensiblement tangentiel en plus du mouvement globalement radial des dents du segment rétractable, permet un engrènement anticipé du pignon dans les dents du segment rétractable pour réduire encore les efforts presseurs entre les dents du pignon et du segment et améliorer ainsi la durée de vie de la commande selon l'invention.Advantageously, the articulation of the segment comprises an axis which is positioned at a distance from the base diameter between one and two times the distance between the base diameter and the pitch diameter. This arrangement, which allows a substantially tangential movement in addition to the overall radial movement of the teeth of the retractable segment, allows a anticipated meshing of the pinion in the teeth of the retractable segment for further reduce the pressing forces between the teeth of the pinion and the segment and thus improve the lifetime of the control according to the invention.

Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le segment se rétracte dans l'épaisseur de la roue dentée entre deux plaques formant des flasques de la roue dentée. Ainsi, la roue dentée a un encombrement restreint, et la denture peut être réalisée par découpe des plaques.According to yet another particular embodiment of the invention, the segment shrinks in the thickness of the gear wheel between two plates forming flanges of the toothed wheel. So the gear wheel has a limited space, and the teeth can be produced by cutting the plates.

L'invention sera maintenant décrite plus en détail, et en référence aux dessins annexés qui en illustrent une forme de réalisation à titre d'exemple non limitatif.

  • La figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un système de réarmement du ressort dans une commande mécanique selon l'invention ;
  • La figure 2 est une vue de la roue dentée du système de réarmement représenté sur la figure 1 ;
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe de la roue dentée représentée sur la figure 2 ;
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe d'une variante de la roue dentée du système de réarmement représenté sur la figure 1 ;
  • La figure 5 est une première vue partielle de la roue dentée selon l'invention ;
  • La figure 6 est une seconde vue partielle de la roue dentée selon l'invention ;
  • La figure 7 est une troisième vue partielle de la roue dentée selon l'invention ;
  • La figure 8 sont des vues partielles du système de réarmement représenté sur la figure 1, correspondant à différentes positions angulaires de la roue.
    • The invention will now be described in more detail, and with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate an embodiment by way of non-limiting example.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a spring reset system in a mechanical control according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a view of the gear wheel of the reset system shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the gear wheel shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of a variant of the toothed wheel of the reset system shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a first partial view of the toothed wheel according to the invention;
  • Figure 6 is a second partial view of the toothed wheel according to the invention;
  • Figure 7 is a third partial view of the toothed wheel according to the invention;
  • Figure 8 are partial views of the rearming system shown in Figure 1, corresponding to different angular positions of the wheel.

    • Figure 1, le système de réarmement du ressort d'enclenchement 4 d'une commande mécanique selon l'invention comporte un arbre d'enclenchement 1, une roue dentée de grand diamètre 2 montée sur cet arbre d'enclenchement, et un moteur d'entraínement non représenté accouplé à la roue dentée 2 par l'intermédiaire d'un pignon 3. Le contact mobile du disjoncteur est accouplé à l'arbre d'enclenchement par l'intermédiaire notamment d'un arbre principal connu en soi et non représenté.Figure 1, the reset system of the engagement spring 4 of a mechanical control according to the invention comprises a latching shaft 1, a large diameter gear 2 mounted on this shaft engagement, and a drive motor not shown coupled to the gear 2 via a pinion 3. The movable contact of the circuit breaker is coupled to the interlocking shaft via in particular of a main tree known per se and not shown.

    Le ressort d'enclenchement 4 sert à l'entraínement de l'arbre d'enclenchement 1 pour provoquer la fermeture du disjoncteur. Le ressort 4 a une première extrémité reliée à une première came 5 qui est montée en bout de l'arbre d'enclenchement 1 en étant solidaire de cet arbre et une seconde extrémité liée au bâti de la commande. Plus particulièrement, le ressort 4 a sa première extrémité liée à un point d'ancrage 5' sur la première came par l'intermédiaire d'un câble 4' ou d'une chaíne passant dans une poulie de renvoi d'angle 4". Le point d'ancrage 5' sur la première came 5 est excentré par rapport à l'arbre d'enclenchement 1, de sorte que lorsque l'arbre d'enclenchement est dans une première position angulaire montrée sur la figure 1, le ressort 4 est tendu et exerce un effort tendant à entraíner l'arbre d'enclenchement dans le sens indirect IND sur la figure. Cette première position angulaire est proche d'une position de point mort haut correspondant à une tension maximale du ressort 4.The engagement spring 4 is used for driving the shaft 1 to cause the circuit breaker to close. Spring 4 has a first end connected to a first cam 5 which is mounted in end of the interlocking shaft 1 while being integral with this shaft and a second end linked to the control frame. More specifically, the spring 4 has its first end linked to an anchor point 5 'on the first cam via a 4 'cable or a chain passing through a 4 "angle return pulley. The anchor point 5 'on the first cam 5 is eccentric with respect to the interlocking shaft 1, so that when the engagement shaft is in a first angular position shown in Figure 1, the spring 4 is tensioned and exerts a force tending to drive the interlocking shaft in the indirect direction IND in the figure. This first angular position is close to a top dead center position corresponding to maximum spring tension 4.

    La rotation de l'arbre d'enclenchement sous l'action du ressort 4 est bloquée par un cliquet de déclenchement 6 engagé contre la première came 5. Un déplacement angulaire du cliquet 6 permet de libérer la première came 5 ce qui autorise une rotation de l'arbre d'enclenchement 1. Dans l'exemple des figures, le cliquet est déplacé par un système 6' à électro-aimants connu en soi. Sous l'effet de la détente du ressort 4, l'arbre d'enclenchement 1 est entraíné en rotation dans le sens indirect IND sur 180° environ, depuis sa première position angulaire vers une seconde position angulaire correspondant sensiblement à un point mort bas.The rotation of the interlocking shaft under the action of spring 4 is blocked by a trigger pawl 6 engaged against the first cam 5. Angular displacement of the pawl 6 frees the first cam 5 which allows rotation of the engagement shaft 1. In the example of the figures, the pawl is moved by a known 6 'electromagnet system in itself. Under the effect of the relaxation of the spring 4, the engagement shaft 1 is rotated in the indirect direction IND about 180 °, from its first angular position to a second angular position substantially corresponding to a bottom dead center.

    Le moteur qui entraíne le pignon 3, lorsqu'il est alimenté électriquement, sert à ramener l'arbre d'enclenchement 1 dans sa première position angulaire en le faisant tourner d'environ 180° toujours dans le sens indirect IND, de sorte que la commande est à nouveau armée dans la position montrée dans la figure 1.The motor which drives the pinion 3, when it is electrically powered, used to return the interlocking shaft 1 to its first position angular by rotating it around 180 ° always in the indirect direction IND, so that the control is again armed in the position shown in figure 1.

    De façon connue, le moteur est mécaniquement découplé de la roue dentée lorsque celle-ci atteint la première position angulaire grâce à la mise en oeuvre d'un segment de dents rétractables. La denture périphérique de la roue dentée 2 est constituée d'une part d'une denture primitive solidaire de la roue et d'autre part d'une partie de denture sous la forme d'un segment denté rétractable 10. Ce segment est disposé à la périphérie de la roue dentée 2 dans une zone correspondant à la position du pignon 3 lorsque la roue dentée est dans la première position angulaire. Ce segment 10 peut par exemple être monté coulissant par rapport à la roue dentée 2 de manière à être capable de coulisser dans un mouvement globalement radial par rapport à l'arbre d'enclenchement.In known manner, the motor is mechanically decoupled from the wheel toothed when it reaches the first angular position thanks to the setting using a segment of retractable teeth. The peripheral toothing of the gear 2 consists on the one hand of a primitive toothing integral with the wheel and on the other hand a portion of teeth in the form of a segment retractable toothed 10. This segment is arranged at the periphery of the wheel toothed 2 in an area corresponding to the position of the pinion 3 when the gear is in the first angular position. This segment 10 can by example be slidably mounted relative to the gear 2 so as to be able to slide in a generally radial motion relative to to the interlocking shaft.

    Lorsque la roue dentée 2 atteint la première position angulaire, le segment 10 se rétracte pour désaccoupler le pignon 3. Plus particulièrement, lorsque le segment 10 se rétracte, les dents qu'il porte se rapprochent de l'arbre d'enclenchement pour désengrener le pignon 3 et la roue dentée 2.When the gear 2 reaches the first angular position, the segment 10 retracts to uncouple the pinion 3. More particularly, when the segment 10 retracts, the teeth which it carries approach the engagement shaft to disengage the pinion 3 and the toothed wheel 2.

    Selon l'invention, le segment rétractable 10 comprend au moins quatre dents espacées une à une du même pas constant que le pas de la denture primitive. Ainsi, lorsque le segment 10 est dans une position sortie, ses dents sont situées dans la continuité de la denture primitive de la roue dentée 2 pour autoriser un engrènement du pignon 3.According to the invention, the retractable segment 10 comprises at least four teeth spaced one by one with the same constant pitch as the pitch of the teeth primitive. When the segment 10 is in an extended position, its teeth are located in the continuity of the original toothing of the wheel tooth 2 to authorize a meshing of the pinion 3.

    Les dents du segment 10 sont en outre des dents normales et identiques aux dents de la denture primitive. Un nombre minimal de quatre dents s'avère nécessaire pour un segment 10 dans une commande selon l'invention. De préférence, un nombre de dents compris entre huit et vingt sera adopté dans la plupart des réalisations de commande mécanique selon l'invention. The teeth of segment 10 are also normal and identical teeth to the teeth of the primary dentition. A minimum number of four teeth is necessary for a segment 10 in an order according to the invention. Preferably, a number of teeth between eight and twenty will be adopted in most mechanical control implementations according to the invention.

    Ainsi, la denture du segment 10 pourra être réalisée avec une machine outil classique destinée à l'usinage de dentures d'engrenages, ce qui réduit significativement le coût de fabrication de la commande selon l'invention tout en permettant d'améliorer la sûreté de fonctionnement.Thus, the teeth of segment 10 can be produced with a machine classic tool for machining gear teeth, which reduces significantly the manufacturing cost of the control according to the invention while by improving operational reliability.

    Le segment pourra par exemple se rétracter sous l'effet d'un mécanisme gérant sa position radiale en fonction de la position angulaire de la roue dentée. Avantageusement, de façon classique, un ressort de rappel 11 représenté schématiquement figure 2 tend à maintenir le segment 10 en position sortie, de telle sorte que ce segment 10 se rétracte spontanément dès que le pignon 3 l'engrène, ce qui sera détaillé plus bas.The segment could for example retract under the effect of a mechanism managing its radial position as a function of the angular position of the wheel toothed. Advantageously, conventionally, a return spring 11 shown schematically in Figure 2 tends to maintain segment 10 in extended position, so that this segment 10 spontaneously retracts as soon as the pinion 3 meshes it, which will be detailed below.

    Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, le segment 10 a une première extrémité fixée à la roue dentée 2 par une articulation 12 et son autre extrémité en appui sur le ressort de rappel 11 qui est solidaire de la roue dentée. Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur les figures, l'articulation 12 est réalisée par un axe fixé à la roue dentée et autour duquel le segment 10 peut pivoter. Comme visible figure 2, le ressort de rappel 11 est ici un ressort hélicoïdal s'étendant radialement en ayant une extrémité en appui sur le segment 10 et son autre extrémité en appui sur la roue dentée 2. Avantageusement, le segment rétractable 10 peut être réalisé en un matériau plastique tel qu'un polymère de manière à former par exemple une pièce unique réalisée par moulage et incluant deux protubérances formant l'axe de l'articulation 12.In a preferred embodiment, segment 10 has a first end fixed to the toothed wheel 2 by a joint 12 and its other end supported on the return spring 11 which is integral with the wheel toothed. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the articulation 12 is produced by an axis fixed to the toothed wheel and around which the segment 10 can rotate. As shown in Figure 2, the return spring 11 is here a coil spring extending radially with one end supported on segment 10 and its other end resting on toothed wheel 2. Advantageously, the retractable segment 10 can be produced in one plastic material such as a polymer so as to form for example a unique piece made by molding and including two protrusions forming the axis of the joint 12.

    Un ressort en spirale situé au niveau de l'axe de l'articulation 12 en ayant une extrémité reliée au segment et son autre extrémité relié à la roue dentée est également envisageable sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Avantageusement, il est possible de prolonger suffisamment vers la partie centrale de la roue dentée 2 l'évidement qui est prévu pour loger le segment rétractable 10, afin de pouvoir loger entre la roue 2 et le bord intérieur de ce segment 10 un ressort constitué d'une lame en V coudée avec un angle relativement fermé. Par exemple, un tel ressort 11 dont les parties droites de la lame en V ont chacune approximativement la même longueur que le segment rétractable 10 et forment entre elles un angle compris entre 10° et 20° pourra tout à fait convenir, comme représenté figure 4.A spiral spring located at the axis of the joint 12 having one end connected to the segment and its other end connected to the toothed wheel is also possible without departing from the scope of the invention. Advantageously, it is possible to extend sufficiently towards the part central of the gear 2 the recess which is intended to accommodate the segment retractable 10, in order to be able to accommodate between the wheel 2 and the inner edge of this segment 10 a spring consisting of a V-shaped bent with an angle relatively closed. For example, such a spring 11 whose straight parts of the V-shaped blade each has approximately the same length as the retractable segment 10 and form between them an angle of between 10 ° and 20 ° may be entirely suitable, as shown in FIG. 4.

    Le segment 10 est ainsi apte à se rétracter en pivotant à l'encontre du ressort de rappel 11. Plus particulièrement, lorsqu'il est rétracté le segment forme un décrochement dans la périphérie de la roue dentée 2: les dents de la première extrémité se déplacent globalement dans la direction radiale de la roue dentée 2 vers l'arbre d'enclenchement, alors que les dents de la seconde extrémité qui sont proches de l'articulation se déplacent peu, comme visible figure 7.The segment 10 is thus able to retract by pivoting against the return spring 11. More particularly, when the segment is retracted forms a recess in the periphery of the toothed wheel 2: the teeth of the first end move globally in the radial direction of the gear 2 towards the interlocking shaft, while the teeth of the second end which are close to the joint move little, as shown in figure 7.

    Le segment et le ressort de rappel pourront avantageusement être montés dans l'épaisseur de la roue dentée pour en réduire l'encombrement de sorte que le segment se rétracte dans l'épaisseur de la roue dentée pour en réduire l'encombrement, comme visible sur la figure 3 qui est une vue en coupe partielle du segment et du ressort de rappel dans un plan contenant l'arbre d'enclenchement 1.The segment and the return spring can advantageously be mounted in the thickness of the gear wheel to reduce its size so that the segment retracts into the thickness of the gear wheel for reduce its size, as visible in FIG. 3 which is a view in partial section of the segment and of the return spring in a plane containing latch shaft 1.

    Plus particulièrement, la roue dentée 2 comprend ici trois plaques en acier 2A, 2B et 2C en appui les unes sur les autres. La plaque centrale 2B comprend un évidement de grande taille au niveau du segment rétractable 10 et elle est enserrée entre les deux plaques latérales qui forment des flasques de la roue dentée et comprennent des évidements de plus petite taille dans cette zone. Ainsi, le segment rétractable est guidé par les deux plaques latérales 2A et 2C entre lesquelles il est libre de coulisser radialement. L'axe de l'articulation 12 qui traverse le segment 10 a chacune de ses extrémités fixée à une plaque latérale 2A, 2C. L'évidement de la plaque centrale 2B forme notamment une buttée sur laquelle la seconde extrémité du segment 10 est en appui lorsqu'il est sorti.More particularly, the toothed wheel 2 here comprises three steel plates 2A, 2B and 2C resting on each other. The central plate 2B includes a large recess at the retractable segment 10 and it is sandwiched between the two side plates which form sprocket flanges and include smaller recesses size in this area. Thus, the retractable segment is guided by the two side plates 2A and 2C between which it is free to slide radially. The axis of the joint 12 which crosses the segment 10 has each of its ends fixed to a side plate 2A, 2C. The recess of the central plate 2B in particular forms a abutment on which the second end of segment 10 is in support when it is extended.

    Avec cet agencement, chaque plaque présente une faible épaisseur ce qui permet de réaliser la denture par découpe de chaque plaque au lieu de réaliser cette denture par usinage afin de réduire encore les coûts de fabrication de la commande selon l'invention. Ainsi, les dents dont sont munies chacune des plaques sur leur périphérie hormis la zone du segment rétractable constituent la denture de la roue dentée. La roue dentée pourra également être réalisée avec une nombre plus important de plaques de manière à former une denture plus épaisse tout en réalisant celle-ci par découpe au lieu de la réaliser par usinage.With this arrangement, each plate has a small thickness which which allows the teeth to be produced by cutting each plate instead of achieve this toothing by machining in order to further reduce the costs of manufacture of the control according to the invention. So the teeth that are each provided with plates on their periphery except for the segment area retractable constitute the toothing of the toothed wheel. The toothed wheel can also be carried out with a greater number of plates of so as to form a thicker toothing while making it by cutting instead of making it by machining.

    Les figures 5 à 8 donnent une représentation schématique du fonctionnement du système de réarmement du ressort d'enclenchement 4 de la commande correspondant au réarmement du ressort puis au déclenchement d'une fermeture du disjoncteur par la commande. Durant ce fonctionnement la roue dentée tourne dans le sens indirect IND sur les figures. Figures 5 to 8 give a schematic representation of the operation of the rearming spring reset system 4 the command corresponding to the resetting of the spring then to the tripping of a circuit breaker by the control. During this operation the gear wheel turns in the indirect direction IND on the FIGS.

    La figure 5 représente une partie de la roue dentée 2 lorsqu'elle est entraínée en rotation dans le sens indirect IND par le pignon 3 pour atteindre sa première position angulaire.FIG. 5 represents a part of the toothed wheel 2 when it is rotated in the indirect direction IND by the pinion 3 to reach its first angular position.

    Figure 6, le pignon 3 atteint la première extrémité du segment 10 en étant dans un premier temps engrené dans la denture de ce segment, ce qui correspond sensiblement à la position pour laquelle la première came 5 arrive en appui sur le cliquet 6. Comme visible figure 6, les efforts presseurs F1 du pignon 3 sur la denture du segment 10 sont portés par un axe A1 sensiblement oblique qui est positionné de telle sorte que l'articulation 12 est entre cet axe A1 et l'arbre d'enclenchement 1. Plus particulièrement, ces efforts presseurs F1 sont orientés de droite à gauche sur la figure 6, de telle manière qu'ils tendent à faire tourner le segment 10 dans le sens indirect IND autour de l'axe de l'articulation 12 pour que le segment se rétracte dès qu'il est engrené par le pignon 3.Figure 6, the pinion 3 reaches the first end of the segment 10 being initially engaged in the teeth of this segment, which corresponds substantially to the position for which the first cam 5 comes to bear on the pawl 6. As visible FIG. 6, the pressing forces F 1 of the pinion 3 on the teeth of the segment 10 are carried by a substantially oblique axis A 1 which is positioned so that the articulation 12 is between this axis A 1 and the engagement shaft 1. More particularly, these pressing efforts F 1 are oriented from right to left in FIG. 6, in such a way that they tend to rotate the segment 10 in the indirect direction IND around the axis of the articulation 12 for that the segment retracts as soon as it is engaged by the pinion 3.

    Comme représenté figure 7, le segment se rétracte ainsi naturellement, ce qui désaccouple mécaniquement le moteur de la roue dentée lorsque celle-ci atteint la première position angulaire. Après la fin de la rotation du moteur sous l'effet de sa propre inertie, le pignon 3 s'immobilise dans une position angulaire quelconque : il peut être engrené dans le segment 10 qui est alors en position sortie ; ou bien désengené avec le segment qui est alors rétracté comme dans la figure 7.As shown in Figure 7, the segment naturally retracts, this which mechanically uncouples the motor from the toothed wheel when the latter reaches the first angular position. After the end of engine rotation under the effect of its own inertia, the pinion 3 stops in a position any angle: it can be meshed in segment 10 which is then in the extended position; or disengaged with the segment which is then retracted as in figure 7.

    Durant la détente du ressort 4, la roue dentée 2 tourne dans le sens indirect IND en entraínant le pignon 3 en rotation quel que soit l'un des cas de figures suivants qui se présente :

    • si le pignon était resté engrené avec le segment 10, il est directement entraíné en rotation ;
    • si le segment était resté rétracté, le ressort de rappel maintient les dents du segment 10 en appui sur la denture du pignon 3 de sorte qu'elles se réengrènent naturellement après une faible rotation de la roue dentée qui met les deux dentures en phase l'une avec l'autre, comme représenté figure 8.
    During the relaxation of the spring 4, the toothed wheel 2 turns in the indirect direction IND by driving the pinion 3 in rotation whatever one of the following cases which occurs:
    • if the pinion had remained meshed with the segment 10, it is directly driven in rotation;
    • if the segment had remained retracted, the return spring keeps the teeth of segment 10 in abutment on the teeth of the pinion 3 so that they re-engage naturally after a slight rotation of the toothed wheel which puts the two teeth in phase. one with the other, as shown in Figure 8.

    Pour réduire les contraintes mécaniques sur la denture du pignon, l'entraínement du pignon par le moteur peut être réalisé par l'intermédiaire d'un système de type embrayage. Néanmoins, comme expliqué dans ce qui suit, l'invention permet de réduire ces contraintes mécaniques de sorte qu'un entraínement direct du pignon par le moteur n'entraíne généralement pas une usure prématurée des dents du pignon et/ou du segment rétractable.To reduce the mechanical stresses on the toothing of the pinion, the drive of the pinion by the motor can be achieved through a clutch type system. However, as explained in what follows, the invention makes it possible to reduce these mechanical stresses so that a direct drive of the pinion by the motor generally does not drive premature wear of the pinion teeth and / or the retractable segment.

    Ainsi, dans un système de réarmement du ressort d'enclenchement d'une commande selon l'invention, le pignon 3 et la roue dentée 2 se désaccouplent spontanément lorsque la roue atteint la première position angulaire et se réaccouplent spontanément lors de la détente du ressort 4.Thus, in a system for resetting the engagement spring of a control according to the invention, the pinion 3 and the gear 2 spontaneously disengage when the wheel reaches the first position angular and spontaneously re-couple when the spring 4 relaxes.

    Comme connu de l'homme du métier, on entend par diamètre de base de la denture le diamètre DB qui est donné par la relation DB = Dp . cos(α) où Dp désigne le diamètre primitif de la denture et α son angle de pression, pour une denture classique normalisée à profil en développante de cercle.As known to those skilled in the art, the base diameter of the teeth means the diameter D B which is given by the relation D B = Dp. cos (α) where Dp denotes the original diameter of the toothing and α its pressure angle, for a standard standardized toothing with an involute profile.

    Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, l'articulation 12 du segment 10 est située à l'intérieur d'un cercle de même centre que la roue 2 et de même diamètre que le diamètre de base DB de la denture de la roue 2, en vue de faciliter encore le réengrènement. Plus particulièrement, lors de la détente du ressort 4, les efforts presseurs F2 du pignon 3 sur la denture du segment 10 sont portés par un autre axe A2 également oblique. En positionnant l'articulation à l'intérieur du diamètre de base DB, cet autre axe A2 est situé de telle manière que l'articulation 12 se situe entre l'arbre d'enclenchement et cet autre axe A2. Comme la roue dentée est ici motrice, ces efforts F2 sont orientés de gauche à droite sur la figure 8, ce qui tend à faire tourner le segment 10 dans le sens direct DIR pour faire sortir ce segment et favoriser ainsi le réaccouplement du pignon 3 avec la denture du segment. Ainsi, le risque de bloquage du pignon 3 est encore minimisé, ce qui améliore significativement la sûreté de fonctionnement de la commande. Comme visible dans la figure 8, le diamètre de base de la denture correspond au diamètre d'un cercle centré sur la roue 2 et tangent à l'axe A2 ainsi qu'à l'axe A1.In a preferred embodiment, the articulation 12 of the segment 10 is located inside a circle with the same center as the wheel 2 and the same diameter as the base diameter D B of the teeth of the wheel 2, to further facilitate re-engagement. More particularly, during the relaxation of the spring 4, the pressing forces F 2 of the pinion 3 on the teeth of the segment 10 are carried by another axis A 2 also oblique. By positioning the articulation inside the base diameter D B , this other axis A 2 is located in such a way that the articulation 12 is located between the interlocking shaft and this other axis A 2 . As the toothed wheel is here driving, these efforts F 2 are oriented from left to right in Figure 8, which tends to rotate the segment 10 in the direct direction DIR to bring out this segment and thus promote the re-coupling of the pinion 3 with the toothing of the segment. Thus, the risk of pinion 3 jamming is further minimized, which significantly improves the operating safety of the control. As visible in FIG. 8, the basic diameter of the teeth corresponds to the diameter of a circle centered on the wheel 2 and tangent to the axis A 2 as well as to the axis A 1 .

    Avantageusement, l'axe de l'articulation 12 du segment 10 est sensiblement éloigné du diamètre de base DB de la roue dentée 2 pour que le déplacement des dents du segment rétractable 10 ait lieu selon une direction oblique par rapport à la direction radiale de la roue dentée 2. En d'autres termes, plus l'axe de l'articulation 12 est proche du diamètre de base DB, plus le déplacement des dents du segment rétractable 10 est radial; et plus cet axe est éloigné du diamètre de base DB, plus ce déplacement s'effectue avec une composante tangentielle non négligeable selon un axe tangentiel à la roue dentée 2.Advantageously, the axis of the articulation 12 of the segment 10 is substantially distant from the base diameter D B of the toothed wheel 2 so that the displacement of the teeth of the retractable segment 10 takes place in an oblique direction relative to the radial direction of the toothed wheel 2. In other words, the closer the axis of the joint 12 is to the base diameter D B , the more the displacement of the teeth of the retractable segment 10 is radial; and the farther this axis is from the base diameter D B , the more this displacement takes place with a non-negligible tangential component along an axis tangential to the toothed wheel 2.

    En positionnant l'axe de l'articulation 12 à une certaine distance du diamètre de base DB, la composante tangentielle du déplacement des dents du segment rétractable 10 favorise un engrènement anticipé du pignon 3 du moteur, c'est à dire un engrènement dans une situation pour laquelle le segment 10 n'est pas encore totalement sorti tandis que la roue dentée 2 commence à entraíner le pignon 3 en rotation. La suite de l'engrènement produit spontanément la sortie du segment 10, comme indiqué plus haut. Les efforts pressseurs F2 dus à l'engrènement sont ainsi diminués pendant la sortie du segment 10, par rapport à un système où l'axe de l'articulation 12 serait plus proche du diamètre de base DB de la roue dentée. La variation de ces efforts presseurs est aussi moins brutale pendant cette phase de début d'engrènement.By positioning the axis of the articulation 12 at a certain distance from the base diameter D B , the tangential component of the displacement of the teeth of the retractable segment 10 promotes an anticipated engagement of the pinion 3 of the motor, that is to say an engagement in a situation for which the segment 10 is not yet fully extended while the gear 2 begins to drive the pinion 3 in rotation. The continuation of the meshing spontaneously produces the exit from segment 10, as indicated above. The pressing forces F 2 due to the meshing are thus reduced during the exit from the segment 10, compared to a system where the axis of the joint 12 would be closer to the base diameter D B of the toothed wheel. The variation in these pressing forces is also less abrupt during this phase of the start of engagement.

    Le fait que les dents du segment rétractable 10 puissent se déplacer légèrement dans une direction tangentielle permet aussi un désaccouplement mécanique relativement progressif entre le pignon 3 et le segment rétractable 10 lorsque le pignon entraíne en rotation la roue dentée 2 et que celle-ci atteint la première position angulaire comme représenté à la figure 7.The fact that the teeth of the retractable segment 10 can move slightly in a tangential direction also allows a relatively progressive mechanical uncoupling between the pinion 3 and the retractable segment 10 when the pinion rotates the toothed wheel 2 and that it reaches the first angular position as shown in figure 7.

    Finalement, le positionnement de l'axe de l'articulation 12 à une certaine distance du diamètre de base DB, ainsi que la disposition des dents du segment rétractable 10 espacées les unes des autres du même pas constant que sur la roue dentée 2, contribuent à améliorer la durée de vie d'une commande selon l'invention et permet aussi l'utilisation d'un matériau plastique tel qu'un polymère pour réaliser le segment rétractable sans risque d'usure prématurée des dents du segment.Finally, the positioning of the axis of the articulation 12 at a certain distance from the base diameter D B , as well as the arrangement of the teeth of the retractable segment 10 spaced from each other by the same constant pitch as on the toothed wheel 2, contribute to improving the life of an order according to the invention and also allows the use of a plastic material such as a polymer to produce the retractable segment without risk of premature wear of the teeth of the segment.

    Concernant l'emplacement de l'axe de l'articulation 12, des essais ont montré que son positionnement à une distance du diamètre de base DB comprise entre une et deux fois la distance séparant le diamètre de base DB du diamètre primitif DP conduisent à des performances satisfaisantes de la commande selon l'invention.Concerning the location of the axis of the joint 12, tests have shown that its positioning at a distance from the base diameter D B of between one and twice the distance separating the base diameter D B from the pitch diameter D P lead to satisfactory performance of the control according to the invention.

    La commande selon l'invention pourra encore inclure un commutateur électrique d'alimentation du moteur destiné à gérer l'alimentation du moteur en fonction de la position angulaire de la roue dentée. Dans cet autre mode de réalisation préféré, la commande comprend également une seconde came 7 solidaire de l'arbre d'enclenchement et qui coopère avec un levier de commande 8, comme visible figure 1. Ce levier de commande 8 est monté rotatif à une première extrémité et a sa seconde extrémité maintenue en appui sur le contour de la seconde came 7 par un élément élastique 8' qui est ici un ressort hélicoïdal. Ce levier de commande est lié en mouvement à un commutateur électrique (non représenté) par l'intermédiaire de trois biellettes 9A, 9B, 9C de manière à commander l'alimentation électrique du moteur. Le contour de la seconde came 7 forme un arc de spirale centré sur l'arbre d'enclenchement qui se referme sur lui-même par un décrochement. Quand la seconde extrémité du levier de commande 8 est placée dans le décrochement du contour de la came 7, c'est à dire au plus près de l'arbre d'enclenchement 1 comme visible sur la figure 1, le commutateur électrique est mis en position pour couper l'alimentation électrique du moteur ce qui correspond à la fin du réarmement du ressort 4. Quand la seconde extrémité du levier de commande 8 est placée sur une zone de l'arc de spirale proche de l'arbre d'enclenchement, le commutateur électrique est mis en position pour commander l'alimentation électrique du moteur de manière à réarmer automatiquement le ressort après sa détente. Le commutateur est ainsi actionné pour couper l'alimentation électrique du moteur quand la roue dentée atteint la première position angulaire alors que le segment rétractable assure le désaccouplage instantané du moteur. Ce commutateur commande l'alimentation électrique du moteur peu avant ou peu après la détente complète du ressort pour retendre ce dernier, c'est-à-dire quand l'arbre atteint sa seconde position angulaire. La commande mécanique à ressort selon l'invention se réarme ainsi de façon autonome après chaque détente du ressort 4.The control according to the invention may also include a switch electric motor supply intended to manage the motor supply depending on the angular position of the gear. In this other mode preferred embodiment, the command also includes a second cam 7 integral with the interlocking shaft and which cooperates with a lever control 8, as shown in figure 1. This control lever 8 is mounted rotatable at one end and at its second end held in support on the contour of the second cam 7 by an elastic element 8 'which here is a coil spring. This control lever is linked in movement to an electrical switch (not shown) via three rods 9A, 9B, 9C so as to control the power supply to the engine. The contour of the second cam 7 forms a spiral arc centered on the interlocking shaft which closes on itself by a recess. When the second end of the control lever 8 is placed in the offset of the contour of the cam 7, that is to say as close as possible to the shaft 1 as shown in Figure 1, the electrical switch is put in position to cut off the power supply to the motor which corresponds to the end of spring 4 reset. When the second end of the control lever 8 is placed on a region of the near spiral arc of the engagement shaft, the electrical switch is put in position to control the power supply to the motor so as to reset automatically the spring after its relaxation. The switch is like this actuated to cut off the power supply to the motor when the wheel toothed reaches the first angular position while the retractable segment provides instant motor disconnection. This switch controls the power supply to the engine shortly before or soon after the trigger complete with the spring to tighten the latter, i.e. when the shaft reaches its second angular position. Mechanical spring control according to the invention thus rearms independently after each trigger of spring 4.

    Claims (7)

    Commande mécanique à ressort pour disjoncteur dans un réseau haute ou moyenne tension, comprenant une roue dentée (2) entraínée en rotation par un ressort (4) d'une première position angulaire vers une seconde position angulaire et un pignon (3) coopérant avec la roue dentée pour la déplacer depuis la seconde position angulaire vers la première position angulaire afin de tendre ledit ressort, ladite roue dentée ayant une denture périphérique constituée d'une part d'une denture primitive solidaire de la roue et d'autre part d'une partie de denture sous la forme d'un segment denté rétractable (10), ladite denture primitive étant à pas constant, caractérisée en ce que ledit segment rétractable (10) comprend au moins quatre dents espacées une à une du même pas constant que le pas de ladite denture primitive.Mechanical spring control for circuit breaker in a high or medium voltage network, comprising a toothed wheel (2) rotated by a spring (4) from a first angular position to a second angular position and a pinion (3) cooperating with the toothed wheel for moving it from the second angular position to the first angular position in order to tension said spring, said toothed wheel having a peripheral toothing consisting on the one hand of a primitive toothing integral with the wheel and on the other hand of a part of the toothing in the form of a retractable toothed segment (10), said primitive toothing being of constant pitch, characterized in that said retractable segment (10) comprises at least four teeth spaced one by one with the same constant pitch as the pitch of said primitive toothing. Commande selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit segment (10) est articulé dans ladite roue dentée (2) par l'intermédiaire d'un axe (12) fixé à une première extrémité dudit segment, et dans laquelle ledit axe (12) est situé à l'intérieur du diamètre de base (DB) de la denture de ladite roue dentée (2).Control according to claim 1, in which said segment (10) is articulated in said toothed wheel (2) via an axis (12) fixed to a first end of said segment, and in which said axis (12) is located inside the base diameter (D B ) of the toothing of said toothed wheel (2). Commande selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit axe (12) est situé à une distance du diamètre de base comprise entre une et deux fois la distance séparant le diamètre de base (DB) du diamètre primitif (DP) de la denture.Control according to claim 2, wherein said axis (12) is located at a distance from the base diameter between one and twice the distance separating the base diameter (D B ) from the pitch diameter (D P ) of the teeth. Commande selon l'une des revendications 2 et 3, dans laquelle ledit segment est en appui sur un ressort de rappel (11) tendant à le maintenir sorti, ledit ressort de rappel étant constitué d'une lame en V coudée, les parties droites de cette lame formant entre elles un angle compris entre 10° et 20°.Control according to one of claims 2 and 3, wherein said segment is supported on a return spring (11) tending to hold it extended, said return spring consisting of a bent V-shaped blade, the straight parts of this blade forming between them an angle of between 10 ° and 20 °. Commande selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle ledit segment (10) se rétracte dans l'épaisseur de la roue dentée (2). Control according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said segment (10) retracts in the thickness of the toothed wheel (2). Commande selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle le segment (10) se rétracte entre deux plaques (2A, 2C) formant des flasques de la roue dentée (2).Control according to claim 5, in which the segment (10) is retracts between two plates (2A, 2C) forming flanges of the toothed wheel (2). Commande selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle une plaque centrale (2B) est enserrée entre les deux plaques (2A, 2C), et dans laquelle les trois plaques sont munies chacune à leur périphérie de dents qui constituent la denture de la roue dentée (2).The control of claim 6, wherein a center plate (2B) is sandwiched between the two plates (2A, 2C), and in which the three plates are each provided at their periphery with teeth which constitute the gear wheel teeth (2).
    EP03291308A 2002-06-06 2003-06-02 Mechanical spring actuator for medium or high voltage circuit-breaker, comprising a toothed wheel/pinion drive Expired - Lifetime EP1369886B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR0206982A FR2840726B1 (en) 2002-06-06 2002-06-06 MECHANICAL SPRING CONTROL FOR HIGH OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER, INCLUDING A GEAR COOPERATING WITH A PINION
    FR0206982 2002-06-06

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    EP1369886A1 true EP1369886A1 (en) 2003-12-10
    EP1369886B1 EP1369886B1 (en) 2011-03-02

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    EP (1) EP1369886B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN1264175C (en)
    AT (1) ATE500601T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE60336191D1 (en)
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    EP2073227A1 (en) 2007-12-17 2009-06-24 AREVA T&D AG Compact and robust control for medium- and high-voltage electric devices

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    FR2990051B1 (en) 2012-04-25 2014-05-30 Alstom Technology Ltd SPRING TYPE CONTROL (S) OF A HIGH VOLTAGE OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCH PROVIDED WITH A RATTER WHEEL COUPLING DEVICE
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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    IN2003DE00778A (en) 2015-06-19
    CN1264175C (en) 2006-07-12
    FR2840726A1 (en) 2003-12-12
    CN1471117A (en) 2004-01-28
    FR2840726B1 (en) 2004-11-12
    EP1369886B1 (en) 2011-03-02
    DE60336191D1 (en) 2011-04-14
    ATE500601T1 (en) 2011-03-15
    US6809279B2 (en) 2004-10-26
    US20040003989A1 (en) 2004-01-08

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