EP1365109A1 - Steam turbine - Google Patents
Steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- EP1365109A1 EP1365109A1 EP02011282A EP02011282A EP1365109A1 EP 1365109 A1 EP1365109 A1 EP 1365109A1 EP 02011282 A EP02011282 A EP 02011282A EP 02011282 A EP02011282 A EP 02011282A EP 1365109 A1 EP1365109 A1 EP 1365109A1
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- Prior art keywords
- steam
- reheater
- turbine
- heated
- pressure stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
- F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
- F01K3/26—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters with heating by steam
- F01K3/262—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters with heating by steam by means of heat exchangers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a steam turbine with at least one High pressure, at least one medium pressure and at least one Low pressure stage.
- Known steam power plants usually include several steam turbines, which from a steam boiler process steam higher Temperature is supplied. The contained in this operating steam Energy is converted by the steam turbine into rotational energy, which in turn by means of at least one, with of the steam turbine or the generator connected to electrical Energy is implemented.
- the efficiency of steam power plants is mainly determined by the pressure and temperature of the turbine stages incoming steam and the number of reheat stages as well as their respective superheating temperature.
- the reheat stages of known steam power plants are usually arranged in the steam boiler, so that the entire Steam emerging from a turbine stage in the Steam boiler overheated and fed to the subsequent turbine stage becomes.
- the invention is based on the object, known steam turbines to improve, especially with regard to the to be achieved Efficiency and also with a view to improved Lifespan of the blades of the steam turbine, in particular the blades of the low pressure part.
- a steam turbine with at least one high pressure, at least one medium pressure and at least one low pressure stage, as well as at least a steam channel, which is between the medium pressure and the low pressure stage is arranged so that steam is out the medium pressure stage of the low pressure stage can be fed, wherein at least one reheater is connected in the steam duct which is heated by steam.
- the invention proposes before, into the steam channel between the medium pressure part and the Low-pressure section to a steam-heated reheater turn.
- the steam channel can be used, for example, as an overflow line ("Cross over pipe”) or as a flow channel within the Turbine housing (e.g. an annular channel).
- an overflow line (“Cross over pipe”
- a flow channel within the Turbine housing e.g. an annular channel
- the reheater according to the invention does not use hot gas the steam boiler, but can be heated with steam this reheater prefers not in the steam boiler, but directly at or close to the steam turbine (e.g. in the turbine housing, the steam channel being an annular channel can) arranged so that the steam guide to the invention Reheater, both with regard to the medium of the reheater steam to be heated, as well as its Heating steam according to the invention is simplified.
- the reheater according to the invention can be used the existing guide vanes of the steam turbine be used.
- the cause of the improvement includes in that the energy conversion process the steam turbine by means of the invention steam-heated reheater closer to the ideal Carnot cycle is introduced. Besides, will by means of the steam-heated reheater according to the invention the steam wetness of the steam is reduced.
- the steam by means of which the reheater is advantageous is heated can be removed from a steam flow, which is fed to another reheater.
- Such a further reheater can, for example be arranged in the steam boiler.
- the heating steam for the steam-heated The superheater can be found in the steam flow, which the further reheater for reheating is fed.
- the further reheater can e.g. the reheater by means of which the known, so-called first reheating is realized.
- the steam that one such additional reheater is supplied, is particularly suitable for use as heating steam in connection with the invention so that this steam is advantageous a steam stream is removed and the steam-heated reheater is supplied as heating steam. That with the invention steam-heated reheating Condensate is advantageous to an existing steam side Auxiliary condensate feed of a preheater of a turbine stage fed.
- steam can be heated by means of the additional reheater, which leaves the high pressure stage and the medium pressure stage is feedable.
- This embodiment of the invention is the further reheater the reheater that the Steam from the high pressure stage is reheated and the medium pressure stage feeds.
- the steam that such a is particularly supplied favorable temperature properties with regard to its use as heating steam for the reheater according to the invention on.
- the further reheater is advantageous within one Steam boiler arranged.
- Such a further reheater is consequently means of the heating gas in the steam boiler is heated.
- the steam boiler can advantageously use a fossil Fuel heated or designed as a waste heat boiler be heated by exhaust gas from a gas turbine.
- the first-mentioned embodiment comprises actively heated steam boilers, which have burners supplied with fossil fuel is.
- the latter steam boiler does not include an active means Burner and fuel heated boiler but a boiler that which are already supplied with hot heating gas.
- Particularly suitable for such heating purposes in a steam boiler is the exhaust gas from a gas turbine, which is a temperature has, which for generating operating steam for a Steam turbine in a waste heat boiler is suitable.
- Such waste heat boilers can preferably be used in power plants, which comprise at least one gas and one steam turbine, for example gas and steam power plants. Doing so the hot exhaust gas from the gas turbine to generate operating steam used for the steam turbine, often the additional active heating of the exhaust gas can be omitted.
- FIG a steam turbine according to the invention.
- the steam turbine 1 comprises a high pressure stage 3, a medium pressure level 5 and at least one low pressure level 7th
- the steam turbine 1 is used to generate electrical energy coupled to a generator 9, which is on the same Shaft as the turbine stages can be located.
- High pressure stage 3 by means of a steam feed 11 live steam supplied, which is preferably by means of a steam boiler 13 is generated.
- a steam stream 20 which after performing work in the High pressure level 3 leaves this by means of a in the steam boiler 13 arranged further reheater 15 overheats and the medium pressure stage 5 supplied.
- the medium pressure stage 5 is through an overflow line 17 connected to the low pressure stage 7.
- an intermediate superheater 14 is connected according to the invention, which can be heated with steam.
- the one needed Heating steam is preferably taken from the steam flow 20, which leaves high pressure stage 3.
- the heating steam for the reheater 14 is by means of a heating steam line 12 Reheater 14 supplied.
- the overflow line 17 can, as shown by dots in the figure, from the low pressure stage 7 continued to a further low pressure stage his.
- Analogous to the steam turbine 1 according to the invention is in a modification of the invention conceivable in an overflow line between the low pressure stage and another low pressure stage a steam turbine also a steam-heated reheater provided.
- the heating steam for this can, for example are taken from a steam flow which the superheat stages arranged in the steam boiler is, including the other reheater shown 15.
- the selection of a suitable reheater takes place advantageously due to the temperature range in which the respective other reheater works.
- a steam-heated reheater 14 is provided, which is connected in the overflow line 17 between the medium pressure stage 5 and the low pressure stage 7 of the steam turbine 1.
- the heating steam for the reheater 14 is preferably taken from the so-called cold first reheater.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dampfturbine mit mindestens einer Hochdruck-, mindestens einer Mitteldruck- und mindestens einer Niederdruckstufe.The invention relates to a steam turbine with at least one High pressure, at least one medium pressure and at least one Low pressure stage.
Bekannte Dampfkraftwerke umfassen in der Regel mehrere Dampfturbinen, welchen aus einem Dampfkessel Betriebsdampf hoher Temperatur zugeführt wird. Die in diesem Betriebsdampf enthaltene Energie wird von der Dampfturbine umgesetzt in Rotationsenergie, welche wiederum mittels mindestens eines, mit der oder den Dampfturbinen verbundenen Generators in elektrische Energie umgesetzt wird.Known steam power plants usually include several steam turbines, which from a steam boiler process steam higher Temperature is supplied. The contained in this operating steam Energy is converted by the steam turbine into rotational energy, which in turn by means of at least one, with of the steam turbine or the generator connected to electrical Energy is implemented.
Um die im Betriebsdampf enthaltene Energie möglichst gut ausnutzen zu können, umfassen bekannte Dampfturbinen oftmals mehrere Turbinenstufen, beispielsweise eine Hochdruck-, eine Mitteldruck-, und eine Niederdruckstufe. Bei derartigen Dampfturbinen wird die Restenergie, welche sich im Dampf befindet, nachdem dieser eine Turbinenstufe verlässt, in der darauf folgenden Turbinenstufe ausgenutzt, so dass sich ein möglichst hoher Wirkungsgrad der Dampfturbine ergibt.To make the best possible use of the energy contained in the operating steam Known steam turbines often include several turbine stages, for example a high pressure one Medium pressure, and a low pressure stage. With such Steam turbines, the residual energy in the steam after it leaves a turbine stage in which subsequent turbine stage is used, so that a results in the highest possible efficiency of the steam turbine.
Der Wirkungsgrad von Dampfkraftwerken ist hauptsächlich bestimmt durch den Druck und die Temperatur des den Turbinenstufen zuströmenden Dampfes sowie der Anzahl von Zwischenüberhitzungsstufen sowie deren jeweiliger Überhitzungstemperatur.The efficiency of steam power plants is mainly determined by the pressure and temperature of the turbine stages incoming steam and the number of reheat stages as well as their respective superheating temperature.
Die Zwischenüberhitzungsstufen bekannter Dampfkraftanlagen sind üblicherweise im Dampfkessel angeordnet, so dass der gesamte Dampf, welcher aus einer Turbinenstufe austritt, im Dampfkessel überhitzt und der nachfolgenden Turbinenstufe zugeführt wird.The reheat stages of known steam power plants are usually arranged in the steam boiler, so that the entire Steam emerging from a turbine stage in the Steam boiler overheated and fed to the subsequent turbine stage becomes.
Um die Flexibilität insbesondere im Hinblick auf das Verhalten der Dampfturbinen bei einem Lastsprung zu steigern, werden oftmals die Frischdampfventile von bekannten Dampfturbinen angedrosselt, um im Bedarfsfall diese Ventile innerhalb kurzer Zeit weiter oder komplett öffnen zu können, so dass eine schnelle Turbinenstellreserve realisiert ist, insbesondere um Netzeinbrüche stabilisieren zu können, welche sich beispielsweise in einer (plötzlichen) Abweichung der aktuellen von einer gewünschten Netzfrequenz äußern.For flexibility, especially with regard to behavior of the steam turbines during a load jump often the live steam valves of known steam turbines throttled to if necessary these valves inside to be able to open further or completely for a short time, so that a fast turbine reserve is realized, in particular to be able to stabilize network intrusions, which for example in a (sudden) deviation from the current one of a desired network frequency.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bekannte Dampfturbinen zu verbessern, insbesondere im Hinblick auf den zu erzielenden Wirkungsgrad und ferner im Hinblick auf eine verbesserte Lebensdauer der Laufschaufeln der Dampfturbine, insbesondere der Laufschaufeln des Niederdruckteils.The invention is based on the object, known steam turbines to improve, especially with regard to the to be achieved Efficiency and also with a view to improved Lifespan of the blades of the steam turbine, in particular the blades of the low pressure part.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Dampfturbine mit mindestens einer Hochdruck-, mindestens einer Mitteldruck- und mindestens einer Niederdruckstufe, sowie mindestens einem Dampfkanal, welcher zwischen der Mitteldruckund der Niederdruckstufe angeordnet ist, so dass Dampf aus der Mitteldruckstufe der Niederdruckstufe zuführbar ist, wobei in den Dampfkanal mindestens ein Zwischenüberhitzer geschaltet ist, welcher mittels Dampf beheizbar ist.The object is achieved according to the invention by a steam turbine with at least one high pressure, at least one medium pressure and at least one low pressure stage, as well as at least a steam channel, which is between the medium pressure and the low pressure stage is arranged so that steam is out the medium pressure stage of the low pressure stage can be fed, wherein at least one reheater is connected in the steam duct which is heated by steam.
Im Stand der Technik ist eine ein- und mehrfache Zwischenüberhitzung bekannt, bei der der Gesamtdampf nach Austritt aus der Hochdruckstufe im Dampfkessel mittels einer Zwischenüberhitzungsstufe überhitzt wird. Derartige Zwischenüberhitzungsstufen sind folglich nicht mit Dampf, sondern mit Heißgas beheizt, welches im Dampfkessel geführt wird. Der derart zwischenüberhitzte Dampf wird dann dem Mitteldruckteil der Turbine zugeleitet.In the prior art there is a single and multiple reheating known, in which the total steam after discharge from the high pressure stage in the steam boiler by means of an intermediate overheating stage is overheated. Such reheat stages are therefore not with steam, but with hot gas heated, which is guided in the steam boiler. The one reheated steam then becomes the medium pressure part of the Turbine fed.
Bei derartigen bekannten Dampfturbinen ist es weiterhin üblich, dass der die Mitteldruckstufe verlassende Dampf in einer Überströmungsleitung geführt und dem Niederdruckteil zugeführt wird.In such known steam turbines, it is also common that the steam leaving the medium pressure stage in one Overflow line guided and fed to the low pressure part becomes.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik schlägt die Erfindung vor, in den Dampfkanal zwischen dem Mitteldruckteil und dem Niederdruckteil einen dampfbeheizten Zwischenüberhitzer zu schalten.Based on this prior art, the invention proposes before, into the steam channel between the medium pressure part and the Low-pressure section to a steam-heated reheater turn.
Der Dampfkanal kann beispielsweise als eine Überströmleitung ("Cross over pipe") oder als ein Strömungskanal innerhalb des Turbinengehäuses (z.B. ein Ringkanal) ausgebildet sein.The steam channel can be used, for example, as an overflow line ("Cross over pipe") or as a flow channel within the Turbine housing (e.g. an annular channel).
Da der Zwischenüberhitzer gemäß der Erfindung nicht mit Heißgas des Dampfkessels, sondern mit Dampf beheizbar ist, wird dieser Zwischenüberhitzer bevorzugt nicht im Dampfkessel, sondern unmittelbar an oder nahe bei der Dampfturbine (z.B. im Turbinengehäuse, wobei der Dampfkanal ein Ringkanal sein kann) angeordnet, so dass die Dampfführung zum erfindungsgemäßen Zwischenüberhitzer, sowohl im Hinblick auf den mittels des Zwischenüberhitzers aufzuheizenden Dampf, als auch dessen Heizdampf gemäß der Erfindung vereinfacht ist.Since the reheater according to the invention does not use hot gas the steam boiler, but can be heated with steam this reheater prefers not in the steam boiler, but directly at or close to the steam turbine (e.g. in the turbine housing, the steam channel being an annular channel can) arranged so that the steam guide to the invention Reheater, both with regard to the medium of the reheater steam to be heated, as well as its Heating steam according to the invention is simplified.
Mittels eines derartigen in den Dampfkanal geschalteten dampfbeheizten Zwischenüberhitzers zwischen der Mitteldruckund der Niederdruckstufe wird daher im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik eine weitere Zwischenüberhitzung erzielt, wodurch der Wirkungsgrad der Dampfturbine verbessert ist.By means of such a switch in the steam channel steam-heated reheater between the medium pressure and the low pressure level is therefore compared to the state the technology achieves further reheating, whereby the efficiency of the steam turbine is improved.
Als erfindungsgemäßer Zwischenüberhitzer können in einer Ausführungsform die vorhandenen Leitschaufeln der Dampfturbine genutzt werden.In one embodiment, the reheater according to the invention can be used the existing guide vanes of the steam turbine be used.
Die Verbesserung hat ihre Ursache u.a. darin, dass der Energieumwandlungsprozess der Dampfturbine mittels des erfindungsgemäßen dampfbeheizten Zwischenüberhitzers näher an den idealen Carnot-Kreisprozess herangeführt wird. Außerdem wird mittels des erfindungsgemäßen dampfbeheizten Zwischenüberhitzers die Dampfnässe des Dampfes reduziert.The cause of the improvement includes in that the energy conversion process the steam turbine by means of the invention steam-heated reheater closer to the ideal Carnot cycle is introduced. Besides, will by means of the steam-heated reheater according to the invention the steam wetness of the steam is reduced.
Ferner wird die Flexibilität des Betriebes einer erfindungsgemäßen Dampfturbine erhöht, da beispielsweise mittels einer Abschaltung der Dampfversorgung des dampfbeheizten Zwischenüberhitzers eine relativ schnell erreichbare Leistungssteigerung der Dampfturbine erzielbar ist. Ferner wird durch die oben genannte reduzierte Dampfnässe im Dampf, welche der Niederdruckstufe zugeführt ist, die Lebensdauer der Turbinenschaufeln der Niederdruckstufe erhöht.Furthermore, the flexibility of operation of an inventive Steam turbine increased, for example by means of a Switching off the steam supply to the steam-heated reheater a relatively quick increase in performance the steam turbine can be achieved. Furthermore, the Above-mentioned reduced steam wetness in the steam, which is the low pressure level is fed, the life of the turbine blades the low pressure level increased.
Vorteilhaft ist der Dampf, mittels welchem der Zwischenüberhitzer beheizbar ist, einem Dampfstrom entnehmbar, welcher einem weiteren Zwischenüberhitzer zugeführt ist.The steam by means of which the reheater is advantageous is heated, can be removed from a steam flow, which is fed to another reheater.
Ein derartiger weiterer Zwischenüberhitzer kann beispielsweise im Dampfkessel angeordnet sein. Bei dieser Ausführung der Erfindung ist nun vorgesehen, den Heizdampf für den dampfbeheizten Zwischenüberhitzer dem Dampfstrom zu entnehmen, welcher dem weiteren Zwischenüberhitzer zur Zwischenüberhitzung zugeführt ist. Such a further reheater can, for example be arranged in the steam boiler. In this version of the Invention is now provided, the heating steam for the steam-heated The superheater can be found in the steam flow, which the further reheater for reheating is fed.
In bekannten Dampfkraftanlagen finden sich oftmals mehrere Zwischenüberhitzer, welche auf einem jeweils unterschiedlichen Temperaturniveau arbeiten, so dass daraus leicht ein geeigneter Zwischenüberhitzer ausgewählt werden kann, dessen ihm zugeführter Dampf zum Zweck des Einsatzes als Heizdampf gemäß der Erfindung eine geeignete Temperatur aufweist.There are often several in known steam power plants Reheater, which on a different Working temperature level, so that easily a suitable one Reheater can be selected, whose steam supplied to it for the purpose of use as heating steam has a suitable temperature according to the invention.
Der weitere Zwischenüberhitzer kann z.B. derjenige Zwischenüberhitzer sein, mittels welchem die bekannte, so genannte erste Zwischenüberhitzung realisiert ist. Der Dampf, der einem derartigen weiteren Zwischenüberhitzer zugeführt ist, eignet sich besonders für einen Einsatz als Heizdampf im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung, so dass diesem Dampf vorteilhaft ein Dampfstrom entnommen und dem dampfbeheizten Zwischenüberhitzer als Heizdampf zugeführt ist. Das bei der erfindungsgemäßen dampfbeheizten Zwischenüberhitzung anfallende Kondensat wird vorteilhaft einer vorhandenen dampfseitigen Nebenkondensat-Einspeisung eines Vorwärmers einer Turbinenstufe zugeführt.The further reheater can e.g. the reheater by means of which the known, so-called first reheating is realized. The steam that one such additional reheater is supplied, is particularly suitable for use as heating steam in connection with the invention so that this steam is advantageous a steam stream is removed and the steam-heated reheater is supplied as heating steam. That with the invention steam-heated reheating Condensate is advantageous to an existing steam side Auxiliary condensate feed of a preheater of a turbine stage fed.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist mittels des weiteren Zwischenüberhitzers Dampf aufheizbar, welcher die Hochdruckstufe verlässt und der Mitteldruckstufe zuleitbar ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention steam can be heated by means of the additional reheater, which leaves the high pressure stage and the medium pressure stage is feedable.
Dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der weitere Zwischenüberhitzer derjenige Zwischenüberhitzer, welcher den Dampf aus der Hochdruckstufe zwischenüberhitzt und der Mitteldruckstufe zuleitet. Der Dampf, welcher einem derartigen weiteren Zwischenüberhitzer zugeleitet ist, weist besonders günstige Temperatureigenschaften im Hinblick auf dessen Verwendung als Heizdampf für den erfindungsgemäßen Zwischenüberhitzer auf. This embodiment of the invention is the further reheater the reheater that the Steam from the high pressure stage is reheated and the medium pressure stage feeds. The steam that such a is particularly supplied favorable temperature properties with regard to its use as heating steam for the reheater according to the invention on.
Der weitere Zwischenüberhitzer ist vorteilhaft innerhalb eines Dampfkessels angeordnet.The further reheater is advantageous within one Steam boiler arranged.
Ein derartiger weiterer Zwischenüberhitzer ist folglich mittels des im Dampfkessel geführten Heizgases beheizt.Such a further reheater is consequently means of the heating gas in the steam boiler is heated.
Weiterhin kann der Dampfkessel vorteilhaft mittels eines fossilen Brennstoffs beheizt oder als Abhitzekessel ausgebildet sein, der mittels Abgas einer Gasturbine beheizbar ist.Furthermore, the steam boiler can advantageously use a fossil Fuel heated or designed as a waste heat boiler be heated by exhaust gas from a gas turbine.
Erstgenannte Ausführungsform umfasst aktiv beheizte Dampfkessel, welche Brenner aufweisen, denen fossiler Brennstoff zugeführt ist.The first-mentioned embodiment comprises actively heated steam boilers, which have burners supplied with fossil fuel is.
Letztgenannter Dampfkessel umfasst einen nicht aktiv mittels Brenner und Brennstoff beheizten Kessel, sondern einen Kessel, dem bereits heißes Heizgas zugeführt sind.The latter steam boiler does not include an active means Burner and fuel heated boiler but a boiler that which are already supplied with hot heating gas.
Besonders geeignet für derartige Heizzwecke eines Dampfkessels ist das Abgas einer Gasturbine, welches eine Temperatur aufweist, welche zur Erzeugung von Betriebsdampf für eine Dampfturbine in einem Abhitzekessel geeignet ist.Particularly suitable for such heating purposes in a steam boiler is the exhaust gas from a gas turbine, which is a temperature has, which for generating operating steam for a Steam turbine in a waste heat boiler is suitable.
Derartige Abhitzekessel sind bevorzugt in Kraftwerken einsetzbar, welch mindestens eine Gas- und eine Dampfturbine umfassen, beispielsweise Gas- und -Dampfkraftwerke. Dabei wird das heiße Abgas der Gasturbine zur Erzeugung von Betriebsdampf für die Dampfturbine ausgenutzt, wobei oftmals die zusätzliche aktive Aufheizung des Abgases entfallen kann.Such waste heat boilers can preferably be used in power plants, which comprise at least one gas and one steam turbine, for example gas and steam power plants. Doing so the hot exhaust gas from the gas turbine to generate operating steam used for the steam turbine, often the additional active heating of the exhaust gas can be omitted.
Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher dargestellt. Es zeigt: An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below shown. It shows:
FIG eine erfindungsgemäße Dampfturbine.FIG a steam turbine according to the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäße Dampfturbine 1 umfasst eine Hochdruckstufe
3, eine Mitteldruckstufe 5 sowie mindestens eine Niederdruckstufe
7.The
Zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie ist die Dampfturbine 1
an einen Generator 9 gekoppelt, welcher sich auf der selben
Welle wie die Turbinenstufen befinden kann.The
Zum Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Dampfturbine 1 wird der
Hochdruckstufe 3 mittels einer Dampfeinspeisung 11 Frischdampf
zugeführt, welcher bevorzugt mittels eines Dampfkessels
13 erzeugt ist.To operate the
Im Dampfkessel 13 sind üblicherweise mehrere Überhitzungsstufen
angeordnet, welche mittels eines Heizgases 22 beheizt
werden.There are usually several superheating stages in the
In der Figur wurde zugunsten einer besseren Übersichtlichkeit auf die Darstellung dieser verschiedenen Überhitzerstufen verzichtet und nur diejenigen Details dargestellt, welche im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung von Bedeutung sind.In the figure was in favor of a better clarity on the representation of these different superheater levels waived and only those details are shown, which in the Connection with the invention are important.
Ein Dampfstrom 20, welcher nach Verrichtung von Arbeit in der
Hochdruckstufe 3 diese verlässt, wird mittels eines im Dampfkessel
13 angeordneten weiteren Zwischenüberhitzers 15 überhitzt
und der Mitteldruckstufe 5 zugeführt.A
Die Mitteldruckstufe 5 ist durch eine Überströmungsleitung 17
mit der Niederdruckstufe 7 verbunden. In diese Überströmungsleitung
17 ist erfindungsgemäß ein Zwischenüberhitzer 14 geschaltet,
der mit Dampf beheizbar ist. Der dazu benötigte
Heizdampf ist bevorzugt dem Dampfstrom 20 entnommen, welcher
die Hochdruckstufe 3 verlässt. Der Heizdampf für den Zwischenüberhitzer
14 wird mittels einer Heizdampfleitung 12 dem
Zwischenüberhitzer 14 zugeführt. Die Überströmungsleitung 17
kann, wie in der Figur durch Punkte dargestellt, von der Niederdruckstufe
7 zu einer weiteren Niederdruckstufe weitergeführt
sein.The
Analog zur erfindungsgemäßen Dampfturbine 1 ist in einer Abwandlung
der Erfindung denkbar, in einer Überströmungsleitung
zwischen der Niederdruckstufe und einer weiteren Niederdruckstufe
einer Dampfturbine ebenfalls einen dampfbeheizten Zwischenüberhitzer
vorzusehen. Der Heizdampf dafür kann beispielsweise
einem Dampfstrom entnommen werden, welcher einem
der im Dampfkessel angeordneten Überhitzungsstufen zugeführt
ist, einschließlich dem dargestellten weiteren Zwischenüberhitzer
15. Die Auswahl eines geeigneten Zwischenüberhitzers
erfolgt vorteilhaft aufgrund des Temperaturbereichs, in welchem
der jeweilige weitere Zwischenüberhitzer arbeitet.Analogous to the
Wesentliche Aspekte der Erfindung lassen sich wie folgt zusammenfassen:Essential aspects of the invention can be summarized as follows:
Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Dampfturbine 1 ist ein dampfbeheizter
Zwischenüberhitzer 14 vorgesehen, welcher in die Überströmungsleitung
17 zwischen der Mitteldruck- 5 und der
Niederdruckstufe 7 der Dampfturbine 1 geschaltet ist.
Der Heizdampf für den Zwischenüberhitzer 14 ist dabei bevorzugt
der sogenannten kalten ersten Zwischenüberhitzung entnommen. In a
The heating steam for the
Mittels der Erfindung ist eine Wirkungsgradsteigerung der
Dampfturbine 1 erzielbar.By means of the invention is an increase in
Claims (6)
gekennzeichnet durch
mindestens einen in den Dampfkanal (17) geschalteten Zwischenüberhitzer (14), welcher mittels Dampf beheizbar ist.Steam turbine (1) with at least one high-pressure (3), at least one medium-pressure (5) and at least one low-pressure stage (7) and at least one steam channel (17), which is arranged between the medium-pressure and the low-pressure stage, so that steam comes out the medium pressure stage (5) can be fed to the low pressure stage (7),
marked by
at least one intermediate superheater (14) connected into the steam channel (17), which can be heated by means of steam.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Dampf, mittels welchem der Zwischenüberhitzer (14) beheizbar ist, einem Dampfstrom (20) entnehmbar ist, welcher einem weiteren Zwischenüberhitzer (15) zugeführt ist.Steam turbine (1) according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the steam, by means of which the reheater (14) can be heated, can be taken from a steam stream (20) which is fed to a further reheater (15).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
mittels des weiteren Zwischenüberhitzers (15) Dampf aufheizbar ist, welcher die Hochdruckstufe (3) verlässt und der Mitteldruckstufe (5) zuleitbar ist.Steam turbine according to claim 2,
characterized in that
steam can be heated by means of the further reheater (15), which leaves the high-pressure stage (3) and can be fed to the medium-pressure stage (5).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der weitere Zwischenüberhitzer (15) innerhalb eines Dampfkessels (13) angeordnet ist.Steam turbine (1) according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized in that
the further reheater (15) is arranged within a steam boiler (13).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Dampfkessel (13) mittels eines fossilen Brennstoffs beheizt ist. Steam turbine (1) according to claim 4,
characterized in that
the steam boiler (13) is heated by means of a fossil fuel.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Dampfkessel (13) als Abhitzekessel ausgebildet ist, welcher mittels Abgas einer Gasturbine beheizbar ist.Steam turbine (1) according to claim 4,
characterized in that
the steam boiler (13) is designed as a waste heat boiler, which can be heated by means of exhaust gas from a gas turbine.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02011282A EP1365109A1 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2002-05-22 | Steam turbine |
| US10/443,130 US20030221410A1 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2003-05-22 | Steam turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02011282A EP1365109A1 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2002-05-22 | Steam turbine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1365109A1 true EP1365109A1 (en) | 2003-11-26 |
Family
ID=29286135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02011282A Withdrawn EP1365109A1 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2002-05-22 | Steam turbine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20030221410A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1365109A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB757293A (en) * | 1953-12-10 | 1956-09-19 | Sulzer Ag | Steam power plants employing forced flow steam generators |
| DE1029010B (en) * | 1952-12-24 | 1958-04-30 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | Steam power plant with live steam pressure of at least 150 ata and at least double intermediate superheating of the working steam |
| CH344426A (en) * | 1955-09-27 | 1960-02-15 | Hellmut Dipl Ing Eickemeyer | Method for operating a steam power plant with reheating by live steam |
| FR1266810A (en) * | 1960-09-02 | 1961-07-17 | Sulzer Ag | Multi-stage steam power plant |
| DE19619470C1 (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-09-25 | Siemens Ag | Combined gas-and-steam turbine installation |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1986005234A1 (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-09-12 | Tch Thermo-Consulting-Heidelberg Gmbh | A combined steam-gas turbine installation |
| EP0523466B1 (en) * | 1991-07-17 | 1995-10-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a gas and steam turbine plant and plant for carrying out the method |
-
2002
- 2002-05-22 EP EP02011282A patent/EP1365109A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-05-22 US US10/443,130 patent/US20030221410A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1029010B (en) * | 1952-12-24 | 1958-04-30 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | Steam power plant with live steam pressure of at least 150 ata and at least double intermediate superheating of the working steam |
| GB757293A (en) * | 1953-12-10 | 1956-09-19 | Sulzer Ag | Steam power plants employing forced flow steam generators |
| CH344426A (en) * | 1955-09-27 | 1960-02-15 | Hellmut Dipl Ing Eickemeyer | Method for operating a steam power plant with reheating by live steam |
| FR1266810A (en) * | 1960-09-02 | 1961-07-17 | Sulzer Ag | Multi-stage steam power plant |
| DE19619470C1 (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-09-25 | Siemens Ag | Combined gas-and-steam turbine installation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20030221410A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
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