EP1358060A1 - Procede pour fabriquer un semi-produit thermoplastiquement malleable et renforce par des fibres - Google Patents

Procede pour fabriquer un semi-produit thermoplastiquement malleable et renforce par des fibres

Info

Publication number
EP1358060A1
EP1358060A1 EP02714120A EP02714120A EP1358060A1 EP 1358060 A1 EP1358060 A1 EP 1358060A1 EP 02714120 A EP02714120 A EP 02714120A EP 02714120 A EP02714120 A EP 02714120A EP 1358060 A1 EP1358060 A1 EP 1358060A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
finished product
semi
thermoplastic
fibers
mixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02714120A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Harri Dittmar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Quadrant Plastic Composites AG
Original Assignee
Quadrant Plastic Composites AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Quadrant Plastic Composites AG filed Critical Quadrant Plastic Composites AG
Publication of EP1358060A1 publication Critical patent/EP1358060A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/485—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
    • B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
    • B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
    • B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/504—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands
    • B29C70/506—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands and impregnating by melting a solid material, e.g. sheet, powder, fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a thermoplastically deformable, fiber-reinforced semi-finished product from a mixed fleece, which contains thermoplastic fibers and reinforcing fibers.
  • Thermoplastic deformable semi-finished products which contain reinforcing fibers, in particular glass fibers, are increasingly used for the production of molded parts, in particular for motor vehicle parts.
  • Such "plastic sheets” are characterized by high toughness and strength.
  • the GMT semifinished products are produced on a large technical scale by bringing together continuous glass mats and thermoplastic melt webs on a double belt press.
  • this method of operation requires a lot of energy because the viscous melt
  • fiber contents of more than 50% by weight can hardly be achieved since the glass mats are generally made up of fiber bundles, soaking is never completely and evenly, so that microscopically inhomogeneous areas occur, which leads to high levels Standard deviations in mechanical properties.
  • DE-A 36 14 533 describes a process for producing molded articles from thermoplastic materials which contain a reinforcing insert. Based on textile fiber technology, a mixed nonwoven made of thermoplastic fibers and reinforcing fibers is manufactured according to the carding or airlay process and consolidated by needles, for example. Blanks from this mixed fleece are heated and pressed directly into three-dimensional shaped bodies without prior consolidation. Complete impregnation is, however, hardly possible, especially in the case of components of complex shapes, so that the mechanical properties of the molded parts leave something to be desired.
  • EP-A 555 345 describes an air-permeable fiber structure made of a wet or dry mixed fleece made of thermoplastic fibers and reinforcing fibers. This non-needled mixed fleece is partially consolidated by carefully melting the thermoplastic fibers by connecting them to the reinforcing fibers at the crossing points. A continuous production The position of the fiber structure is not described. The process also has the disadvantage that the non-wetted reinforcing fibers can corrode during storage, and complete soaking is also difficult here in the production of molded articles.
  • the invention was based on the object of developing a continuous process for producing a relatively thin semi-finished product from a thermoplastic and relatively long reinforcing fibers, which can be formed into finished parts which have excellent, easily reproducible mechanical properties in all directions.
  • This object is achieved by the method according to the invention. This includes the following process steps:
  • thermoplastics e.g. Polyolefins, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyamides, linear polyesters, thermoplastic polyurethanes, polycarbonate, polyacetals, and corresponding copolymers and mixtures, and also high-temperature-resistant polymers, such as polyarylates, polysulfones, polyimides and polyether ketones. Polypropylene is particularly preferred.
  • the corresponding fibers can be produced by spinning the thermoplastic melts or solutions.
  • the thermoplastic fibers generally have an average length of 10 to 200 mm.
  • Preferred reinforcing fibers are glass fibers; in addition, carbon fibers and aramid fibers can also be used in principle.
  • the reinforcing fibers generally have an average length of 30 to 300 mm, preferably more than 50 mm. In order for them to be readily miscible with the thermoplastic fibers, they must be in the form of individual, unbound fibers, ie they must not be bound with polymeric binders.
  • the thermoplastic fibers and reinforcing fibers are dry mixed in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 80:20, preferably 25:75 to 55:45 by the carding or airlay method, as are known from textile technology. This creates a mixed fleece that is present as an endless web.
  • the mixed fleece obtained is consolidated by needling. This can be done on standard needle chairs with felting needles. Needling breaks the reinforcing fibers somewhat, so that the average fiber length is reduced; on the other hand, individual fibers are pulled through the fleece so that they are aligned perpendicular to the main surface and can have a reinforcing effect in this direction in the finished part. In addition, these perpendicular fibers cause the semi-finished product to expand in the z direction when heated. This so-called "loft" can be used for the production of lightweight components by partial consolidation. Finally, by means of the needles according to the invention, the mixed fleece is consolidated, so that it can be handled without problems in the subsequent process steps.
  • the needled mixed nonwoven is stretched in one direction.
  • the reinforcing fibers in the finished part are aligned in this direction and thus bring about a particularly high mechanical level in this direction.
  • the solidified mixed fleece is heated in the forced air oven or by IR radiation to temperatures above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic.
  • the temperature should preferably be 20 to 60 ° C above the softening temperature; in the case of polypropylene fibers, it is preferably between 180 and 220 ° C., in particular between 190 and 210 ° C. D.
  • the heated mixed fleece is pressed on a calender or in a smoothing unit. Pressures between 1 and 10 bar are preferably used.
  • the resulting flat semifinished product according to the invention has a thickness of 0.2 to 3.0 mm, preferably of 1.2 to 2.0 mm. For special applications, the thickness can also be less than 1.2 mm.
  • the average length of the reinforcing fibers in the semifinished product is 20 to 200 mm, preferably the fibers are on average more than 50 mm long.
  • functional layers are brought to the heated mixed fleece on one or both sides and pressed together.
  • These can be decorative layers, thin non-woven fabrics, thermoplastic films or fabric panels.
  • the functional layers can also only be applied during the production of the molded part.
  • the semifinished product produced according to the invention can be rolled up and stored. It can then be thermoformed into three-dimensional finished parts. For this purpose, corresponding blanks are heated to temperatures above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic and pressed in conventional two-part molds or deformed by deep drawing.
  • the finished parts can be used in the transport sector as automotive, railway and aircraft interior parts, but also as body parts, as large panels and as furniture parts.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé en continu pour fabriquer un semi-produit fin, thermoplastiquement malléable, constitué d'une matière synthétique thermoplastique et de longues fibres de renforcement. Ce procédé comprend les opérations suivantes : A. mélanger les fibres thermoplastiques et les fibres de renforcement, sèches, en un non-tissé mixte, B. renforcer ce non-tissé par aiguilletage, C. chauffer le non-tissé ainsi renforcé, et D. le presser sur une calandre ou sur une lisseuse pour en faire un semi-produit.
EP02714120A 2001-02-08 2002-01-26 Procede pour fabriquer un semi-produit thermoplastiquement malleable et renforce par des fibres Withdrawn EP1358060A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10105813 2001-02-08
DE10105813A DE10105813A1 (de) 2001-02-08 2001-02-08 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines thermoplastisch verformbaren, faserverstärkten Halbzeugs
PCT/EP2002/000835 WO2002062563A1 (fr) 2001-02-08 2002-01-26 Procede pour fabriquer un semi-produit thermoplastiquement malleable et renforce par des fibres

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1358060A1 true EP1358060A1 (fr) 2003-11-05

Family

ID=7673341

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02714120A Withdrawn EP1358060A1 (fr) 2001-02-08 2002-01-26 Procede pour fabriquer un semi-produit thermoplastiquement malleable et renforce par des fibres

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040177911A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1358060A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10105813A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002062563A1 (fr)

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DE10114553A1 (de) 2001-03-24 2002-09-26 Quadrant Plastic Composites Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines dicken, thermoplastisch verformbaren, faserverstärkten Halbzeugs
DE10319967A1 (de) 2003-05-05 2004-11-25 Quadrant Plastic Composites Ag Faservlies-Verbundelement
FR2864094B1 (fr) * 2003-12-19 2006-02-10 Rhodia Industrial Yarns Ag Materiaux composites comprenant un materiau de renfort et une matrice thermoplastique, article compose precurseur de ces materiaux et produits obtenus a partir de ces materiaux
US7252729B2 (en) * 2004-12-29 2007-08-07 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Inc. Polymer/WUCS mat for use in sheet molding compounds
EP1868796B1 (fr) 2005-04-05 2009-01-28 Quadrant Plastic Composites AG Procede pour produire un demi-produit thermoplastiquement deformable renforce de fibres
EP1714772A1 (fr) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-25 Quadrant Plastic Composites AG Produit intermédiaire composite thermoplastique
EP1902830A1 (fr) * 2006-09-19 2008-03-26 Quadrant Plastic Composites AG Méthode de fabrication d'un composite thermoplastique déformable comprenant une couche hydrophobe
EP2036713A1 (fr) * 2007-09-11 2009-03-18 Quadrant Plastic Composites AG Panneau composite à base de couches de matière HPL
US20090309260A1 (en) * 2008-06-12 2009-12-17 Kenneth Herbert Keuchel Method of delivering a thermoplastic and/or crosslinking resin to a composite laminate structure
WO2011020841A1 (fr) * 2009-08-17 2011-02-24 Quadrant Plastic Composites Ag Procédé de moulage par injection pour la fabrication de composants
CN104204324B (zh) * 2011-12-21 2017-08-04 崇鸣投资有限公司 针刺无纺布、其制造方法和由该无纺布形成的过滤器和吸音材料
EP2626200A1 (fr) * 2012-02-08 2013-08-14 Quadrant Plastic Composites AG Matière première composite plate
GB201209043D0 (en) * 2012-05-22 2012-07-04 Univ Leeds Novel composite materials
ES2646713T3 (es) * 2012-10-02 2017-12-15 Reifenhäuser GmbH & Co. KG Maschinenfabrik Procedimiento para fabricar una pieza moldeada compuesta, en particular una pieza moldeada compuesta de fibras, y pieza moldeada compuesta, en particular pieza moldeada compuesta de fibras
US20170159212A1 (en) * 2014-10-29 2017-06-08 Hitoshi Kazama Fiber-reinforced composite material and method for producing the same
CN105904808B (zh) * 2016-04-14 2018-04-10 绍兴文理学院 一种非开挖管道修复用纱线增强复合材料及其制备方法
DE102017007914A1 (de) * 2017-08-22 2019-02-28 Diehl Aviation Laupheim Gmbh Herstellung eines faserverstärkten thermoplastischen Rohres
EP4053350B1 (fr) 2021-03-04 2024-01-03 Hauraton GmbH & Co. KG Structure porteuse de demi-produit

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002062563A1 (fr) 2002-08-15
US20040177911A1 (en) 2004-09-16
DE10105813A1 (de) 2002-08-14

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