EP1353422A1 - Overvoltage arrester - Google Patents

Overvoltage arrester Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1353422A1
EP1353422A1 EP03001846A EP03001846A EP1353422A1 EP 1353422 A1 EP1353422 A1 EP 1353422A1 EP 03001846 A EP03001846 A EP 03001846A EP 03001846 A EP03001846 A EP 03001846A EP 1353422 A1 EP1353422 A1 EP 1353422A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark gap
spark
varistors
gap
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03001846A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1353422B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Trinkwald
Jan Meppelink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Obo Bettermann GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1353422A1 publication Critical patent/EP1353422A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1353422B1 publication Critical patent/EP1353422B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
    • H01T4/12—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel hermetically sealed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series
    • H01T4/18—Arrangements for reducing height of stacked spark gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series
    • H01T4/20—Arrangements for improving potential distribution

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark gap, especially N-PE spark gap, with preferably several partial spark gaps connected in series, with the partial spark gaps in particular Except for the first in the event of a surge appealing spark gap by a capacity are connected, in particular the second and every further spark gap over the capacity common reference potential, in particular Earth potential.
  • Spark gaps of this type are, for example, through DE 197 42 302 A1 and DE 197 55 082 A1 known. From an older application (DE 101 14 592.6) is also a spark gap capable of carrying lightning current known, with the exception of the partial spark gaps the first to respond in the event of a lightning current Spark gap due to impedances, in particular Capacities are connected so that the Switch through partial spark gaps successively. By the impedance or, in particular, the capacitance the multiple spark gap is controlled.
  • the response voltage for multiple spark gaps cannot be set arbitrarily small.
  • the cause this is the successive ignition of the individual Partial spark gaps of a multi-spark gap and the downstroke of the Partial spark gaps of the multiple spark gap, conditional through the manufacturing tolerances.
  • a bypass is switched, which consists of a Series connection of an auxiliary spark gap with a Response voltage less than the response voltage of the Spark gap or the partial spark gaps and there is at least one varistor.
  • Varistors have different capacitance.
  • Main spark gap from air-filled spark gaps and the auxiliary spark gap from a gas-filled, spark gap filled with noble gas in particular consists.
  • a bypass consisting of an auxiliary spark gap and one or more series connected varistors parallel to Multiple spark gap switched to the dependency the response voltage of the multiple spark gap of to decrease the steepness of the applied voltage.
  • auxiliary spark gap Spark gap used, their response voltage less than the response voltage of one Partial spark gap of the multiple spark gap is and which has a flat course of the shock characteristic.
  • Multiple spark gaps ignite at 1.73, for example kV at a time when the instantaneous value of the applied voltage with the surge characteristic. To reduce this response voltage are at a Spark gap limits by the striking distance against there the stroke distance due to the manufacturing tolerances is limited.
  • Another advantage of Design according to the invention shows in the Carrying out the type test with AC test voltage applied the said multiple spark gap with bypass.
  • the test alternating voltage is at a Type test selected higher than the operating voltage the multiple spark gap.
  • the drawing shows a simple form of a spark gap according to the invention.
  • a spark gap through three graphite electrodes 1 formed at the ends by electrode plates 2 are covered.
  • At 3 is a phase connection provided, while at 4 a connection to Reference potential, preferably ground potential is provided is.
  • a connection to Reference potential preferably ground potential is provided is.
  • Electrode plates 1 are PTFE rings 5 as Insulating agent arranged. It is about a air-filled spark gap.
  • the partial spark gap with the exception of the Surge event first responding Spark gap connected by a capacitance 6 being the second spark gap over the capacity 6 to the common reference potential 4 is set.
  • a bypass 7 switched which consists of a Series connection of an auxiliary spark gap 8 and two Varistors 9 exists.
  • the auxiliary spark gap 8 it is a gas-filled spark gap, that responds faster than air-filled ones Radio links.
  • the response voltage is the Auxiliary spark gap 8 significantly less than that Response voltage of the partial spark gaps.
  • the Spark gap 8 is connected upstream of the varistors 9.
  • the varistors 9 can have different capacitances exhibit. This arrangement will Response behavior of the entire spark gap clearly improved, resulting in a responsiveness below 1.5 kV is reached.
  • the invention is not based on the embodiment limited, but within the scope of the revelation often variable.

Abstract

The spark gap has preferably several series sub-spark gaps, especially those without the first response gap being connected to a capacitor. The second and each further sub-gap are connected via the capacitor to a common reference potential, especially earth. A bypass in parallel with the single or multiple spark gap has a series circuit of an auxiliary spark gap with response voltage lower than the single or multiple spark gap and a varistor(s). The spark gap has preferably several sub-spark gaps in series, especially those without the first response gap being connected to a capacitor (6), whereby the second and each further sib-gap are connected via the capacitor to a common reference potential, especially earth. A bypass (7) connected in parallel with the single or multiple spark gap consists of a series circuit of an auxiliary spark gap (8) with a response voltage lower than that of the single or multiple spark gap and at least one varistor (9).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Funkenstrecke, insbesondere N-PE Funkenstrecke, mit vorzugsweise mehreren in Reihe geschalteten Teil-Funkenstrecken, wobei insbesondere die Teilfunkenstrecken mit Ausnahme der im Überspannungsereignisfall ersten ansprechenden Funkenstrecke durch eine Kapazität beschaltet sind, wobei insbesondere die zweite und jede weitere Funkenstrecke über die Kapazität an ein gemeinsames Bezugspotential, insbesondere Erdpotential, gelegt sind.The invention relates to a spark gap, especially N-PE spark gap, with preferably several partial spark gaps connected in series, with the partial spark gaps in particular Except for the first in the event of a surge appealing spark gap by a capacity are connected, in particular the second and every further spark gap over the capacity common reference potential, in particular Earth potential.

Funkenstrecken dieser Art sind beispielsweise durch die DE 197 42 302 A1 und die DE 197 55 082 A1 bekannt. Aus einer ältern Anmeldung (DE 101 14 592.6) ist ebenfalls eine blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke bekannt, bei der die Teilfunkenstrecken mit Ausnahme der im Blitzstromereignisfall ersten ansprechenden Funkenstrecke durch Impedanzen, insbesondere Kapazitäten, beschaltet sind, so dass die Teilfunkenstrecken sukzessive durchschalten. Durch die Impedanz bzw. insbesondere die Kapazität kann eine Steuerung der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke erfolgen.Spark gaps of this type are, for example, through DE 197 42 302 A1 and DE 197 55 082 A1 known. From an older application (DE 101 14 592.6) is also a spark gap capable of carrying lightning current known, with the exception of the partial spark gaps the first to respond in the event of a lightning current Spark gap due to impedances, in particular Capacities are connected so that the Switch through partial spark gaps successively. By the impedance or, in particular, the capacitance the multiple spark gap is controlled.

Die im Stand der Technik bekannten Lösungen sind in mancherlei Hinsicht nachteilig.The solutions known in the prior art are in disadvantageous in some respects.

Die Ansprechspannung kann bei Mehrfachfunkenstrecken nicht beliebig klein eingestellt werden. Die Ursache hierfür ist das sukzessive Durchzünden der einzelnen Teilfunkenstrecken einer Mehrfunkenstrecke und die nach unten begrenzte Schlagweite der Teilfunkenstrecken der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke, bedingt durch die Fertigungstoleranzen.The response voltage for multiple spark gaps cannot be set arbitrarily small. The cause this is the successive ignition of the individual Partial spark gaps of a multi-spark gap and the downstroke of the Partial spark gaps of the multiple spark gap, conditional through the manufacturing tolerances.

Die Abhängigkeit der Ansprechspannung von der Spannungssteilheit der anliegenden Spannung (auch als Stoßkennlinie bezeichnet) ist durch den Entladeverzug der Teilfunkenstrecken der Mehrfunkenstrecken bedingt. Dieser Effekt führt zu einer Zunahme der Ansprechspannung einer Mehrfachfunkenstrecke mit zunehmender Spannungssteilheit der anliegenden Spannung.The dependence of the response voltage on the Tension steepness of the applied voltage (also as Shock characteristic) is due to the discharge delay of the partial spark gaps of the multi-spark gaps conditionally. This effect leads to an increase in Response voltage of a multiple spark gap with increasing voltage steepness of the adjacent Tension.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Funkenstrecke gattungsgemäßer Art zu schaffen, deren Ansprechverhalten erheblich verbessert ist.Based on this state of the art Invention based on the object, a spark gap Generic type to create whose Responsiveness is significantly improved.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, dass parallel zu der aus einer einzelnen Funkenstrecke oder aus mehreren in Serie geschalteten Teilfunkenstrecken bestehenden Mehrfachfunkenstrecke ein Bypass geschaltet ist, der aus einer Serienschaltung einer Hilfsfunkenstrecke mit einer Ansprechspannung kleiner der Ansprechspannung der Funkenstrecke oder der Teilfunkenstrecken und mindestens einem Varistor besteht.To solve this task, it is proposed that parallel to that from a single spark gap or from several connected in series Partial spark gaps existing multiple spark gaps a bypass is switched, which consists of a Series connection of an auxiliary spark gap with a Response voltage less than the response voltage of the Spark gap or the partial spark gaps and there is at least one varistor.

Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Hilfsfunkenstrecke eine flach verlaufende Stoßkennlinie aufweist.It can be provided that the Auxiliary spark gap a flat Has shock characteristic.

Unter Umständen kann vorgesehen sein, dass mehrere Varistoren des Bypasses parallel geschaltet sind.Under certain circumstances, it can be provided that several Varistors of the bypass are connected in parallel.

Besonders bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass mehrere Varistoren des Bypasses in Serie geschaltet sind.It is particularly preferably provided that several Bypass varistors are connected in series.

Dabei ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass mittels der in Serie geschalteten Varistoren die wirksame Kapazität der Varistoren reduziert ist und die Spannungsaufteilung bei anliegender Wechselspannung, insbesondere bei Prüf-Wechselspannung, verbessert ist.It is preferably provided that by means of the Series connected varistors the effective capacity the varistors is reduced and the Voltage distribution with AC voltage present, improved especially with AC test voltage is.

Vornehmlich ist dabei auch vorgesehen, dass die Varistoren unterschiedliche Kapazität aufweisen.It is also primarily provided that the Varistors have different capacitance.

Besonders bevorzugt ist zudem, dass die Hauptfunkenstrecke aus luftgefüllten Funkenstrecken und die Hilfsfunkenstrecke aus einer gasgefüllten, insbesondere mit Edelgas gefüllten Funkenstrecke besteht. It is also particularly preferred that the Main spark gap from air-filled spark gaps and the auxiliary spark gap from a gas-filled, spark gap filled with noble gas in particular consists.

Hierdurch ist zusätzlich erreicht, dass die Hilfsfunkenstrecke schneller reagiert als die Hauptfunkenstrecke.This also ensures that the Auxiliary spark gap responds faster than that Main spark gap.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird ein Bypass, bestehend aus einer Hilfsfunkenstrecke und einem oder mehreren seriengeschalteten Varistoren parallel zur Mehrfachfunkenstrecke geschaltet, um die Abhängigkeit der Ansprechspannung der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke von der Steilheit der anliegenden Spannung zu verringern. Als Hilfsfunkenstrecke kommt hierbei eine Funkenstrecke zum Einsatz, deren Ansprechspannung kleiner als die Ansprechspannung einer Teilfunkenstrecke der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke ist und die einen flachen Verlauf der Stoßkennlinie aufweist. Die im Stand der Technik bekannten Mehrfachfunkenstrecken zünden beispielsweise bei 1,73 kV zu einem Zeitpunkt, in dem sich der Momentanwert der anliegenden Spannung mit der Stoßkennlinie deckt. Zur Reduktion dieser Ansprechspannung sind bei einer Funkenstrecke Grenzen durch die Schlagweite gegen, da die Schlagweite durch die Fertigungstoleranzen begrenzt ist. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Parallelschaltung des Bypasses wird das Ansprechverhalten verbessert, wobei die Ansprechspannung deutlich unterhalb 1,5 kV liegt. Die Spannung der Bypassschaltung wird nach dem Zünden der Hilfsfunkenstrecke durch die Kennlinie der seriengeschalteten Varistoren bestimmt. Ein Vorteil, der sich aus der Bypassschaltung ergibt, besteht darin, dass die Hilfsfunkenstrecke bis zur Zündspannung isoliert und die Bypassschaltung keinen Leckstrom führt. Zudem ermöglicht die Hilfsfunkenstrecke die Reihenschaltung mit den Varistoren, wobei in den Varistoren kein Leckstrom fließt. Durch die vorgeschaltete Hilfsfunkenstrecke ist es möglich, Varistoren zu verwenden, deren Kennlinie und Schutzpegel optimal an die Stoßkennlinie der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke angepasst ist. Bei Verwendung eines Varistors parallel zur Mehrfachfunkenstrecke ohne Hilfsfunkenstrecke müsste die Kennlinie des Varistors aus thermischen Gründen und aus Stabilitätsgründen auf die anliegende Wechselspannung an der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke angepasst werden. Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Gestaltung zeigt sich bei der Durchführung der Typenprüfung mit anliegender Prüf-Wechselspannung der genannten Mehrfachfunkenstrecke mit Bypass. Die Prüf-Wechselspannung wird bei einer Typenprüfung höher gewählt als die Betriebsspannung der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke. Durch die vorgeschaltete Hilfsfunkenstrecke kann jedoch bei richtiger Auswahl der Hilfsfunkenstrecke eine Zündung bei Prüf-Wechselspannung vermieden werden. Dabei wird vorteilhaft statt eines einzelnen Varistors eine Serienschaltung zweier oder mehrerer Varistoren vorgenommen, wobei dann die kapazitive Spannungsaufteilung auf die Hilfsfunkenstrecke und die Varistoren so erfolgt, dass an der Hilfsfunkenstrecke eine geringere Spannung anfällt, als bei der Verwendung nur eines Varistors. Durch die Verwendung von Varistoren unterschiedlicher Kennlinien kann durch Reihen- und Parallelschaltungen oder Kombinationen davon nahezu jede Anpassung an die Stoßkennlinie der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke erfolgen. Anhand einer Versuchsausführung, bei der eine Mehrfachfunkenstrecke gemäß Stand der Technik mit einer Mehrfachfunkenstrecke gemäß der Erfindung verglichen wurde, konnte Folgendes festgestellt werden.According to the invention, a bypass consisting of an auxiliary spark gap and one or more series connected varistors parallel to Multiple spark gap switched to the dependency the response voltage of the multiple spark gap of to decrease the steepness of the applied voltage. One comes as an auxiliary spark gap Spark gap used, their response voltage less than the response voltage of one Partial spark gap of the multiple spark gap is and which has a flat course of the shock characteristic. The known in the prior art Multiple spark gaps ignite at 1.73, for example kV at a time when the instantaneous value of the applied voltage with the surge characteristic. To reduce this response voltage are at a Spark gap limits by the striking distance against there the stroke distance due to the manufacturing tolerances is limited. By the invention Parallel connection of the bypass will Responsiveness improved, the Response voltage is well below 1.5 kV. The Voltage of the bypass circuit is released after the ignition Auxiliary spark gap through the characteristic of series-connected varistors determined. An advantage, which results from the bypass circuit in that the auxiliary spark gap up to Ignition voltage isolated and the bypass circuit none Leakage current leads. In addition, the Auxiliary spark gap the series connection with the Varistors, with no leakage current in the varistors flows. Through the upstream auxiliary spark gap it is possible to use varistors whose Characteristic curve and protection level optimal to the Shock characteristic of the multiple spark gap adapted is. When using a varistor parallel to Multiple spark gap without auxiliary spark gap would have to the characteristic of the varistor for thermal reasons and for reasons of stability to the adjacent one AC voltage on the multiple spark gap be adjusted. Another advantage of Design according to the invention shows in the Carrying out the type test with AC test voltage applied the said multiple spark gap with bypass. The test alternating voltage is at a Type test selected higher than the operating voltage the multiple spark gap. Through the upstream Auxiliary spark gap can, however, with the right selection ignition of the auxiliary spark gap at test alternating voltage be avoided. Doing so advantageous instead of a single varistor Series connection of two or more varistors made, then the capacitive Voltage distribution on the auxiliary spark gap and the varistors are made so that at the Auxiliary spark gap a lower voltage arises, than when using only one varistor. Through the Use of varistors different Characteristic curves can be connected in series and in parallel or combinations thereof almost any adjustment to the Shock characteristic of the multiple spark gap. Based on a test execution in which a Multiple spark gap according to the prior art with a multiple spark gap according to the invention was compared, the following was found become.

Während die konventionelle Schaltung mit nur einer Mehrfachfunkenstrecke bei 1.861 Volt ansprach, lag die entsprechende Ansprechschaltung der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke mit Bypass bei gleicher Einstellung des Testgenerators deutlich tiefer, nämlich bei 1.460 Volt. In den Stromoszillogrammen war zu erkennen, dass die Hilfsfunkenstrecke frühzeitig eine Verbindung zu den Varistoren herstellt, die den weiteren Spannungsverlauf an der Anordnung bestimmen. Nach dem Zünden der beiden Teilfunkenstrecken der Mehrfachfunkenstrecke floss der Strom dann durch die Funkenstrecken, die ein viel größeres Energieaufnahmevermögen aufweisen und die eigentlichen hohen Blitzströme führen können. Schwingungen im Stromverlauf des Bypasszweiges sind durch die parasitären Kapazitäten und Induktivitäten der Varistoren bedingt und spielen für die Grundfunktion der Funkenstrecke als Blitzstromableiter keine Rolle.While the conventional circuit with only one Multiple spark gap responded at 1,861 volts, was the corresponding response circuit of the Multiple spark gap with bypass at the same Setting the test generator significantly lower, namely at 1,460 volts. In the current oscillograms could be seen that the auxiliary spark gap early connection to the varistors manufactures that the further voltage curve on the Determine arrangement. After igniting the two Partial spark gaps of the multiple spark gap flowed the current then through the spark gaps, which is a lot have greater energy absorption capacity and the can actually cause high lightning currents. There are vibrations in the current path of the bypass branch through the parasitic capacitances and inductances of the varistors and play for the Basic function of the spark gap as Lightning arrester does not matter.

Bei geringeren Stoßströmen kommt es zur vollständigen Stromaufnahme des Stromimpulses (bei einem Blitzschlag der Blitzteilstrom) durch die Varistoren. Die Varistoren im Bypasszweig müssen daher die volle Last aufnehmen, ohne zu degradieren oder eine unzulässig hohe Temperatur anzunehmen. Durch geeignete Reihen- und/oder Parallelschaltung von geeigneten Varistoren lässt sich eine Überlastung sicher vermeiden. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist rein schematisch in der Zeichnung dargestellt und im Folgenden näher beschrieben.With lower surge currents, there is complete Current consumption of the current pulse (at a Lightning strikes (partial lightning current) through the varistors. The varistors in the bypass branch must therefore be full Pick up a load without degrading or one to assume impermissibly high temperature. By suitable series and / or parallel connection of suitable varistors can cause an overload safely avoid. An embodiment of the Invention is purely schematic in the drawing shown and described in more detail below.

Die Zeichnung zeigt eine einfache Form einer erfindungsgemäßen Funkenstrecke. Hierbei ist eine Mehrfachfunkenstrecke durch drei Grafitelektroden 1 gebildet, die endseitig durch Elektrodenplatten 2 abgedeckt sind. Bei 3 ist ein Phasenanschluss vorgesehen, während bei 4 ein Anschluss an Bezugspotential, vorzugsweise Erdpotential vorgesehen ist. Zwischen den aus Grafit bestehenden Elektrodenplatten 1 sind PTFE-Ringe 5 als Isoliermittel angeordnet. Es handelt sich um eine luftgefüllte Funkenstrecke. Bei dieser Ausbildung ist die Teilfunkenstrecke mit Ausnahme der im Überspannungsereignisfall ersten ansprechenden Funkenstrecke durch eine Kapazität 6 beschaltet wobei die zweite Funkenstrecke über die Kapazität 6 an das gemeinsame Bezugspotential 4 gelegt ist.The drawing shows a simple form of a spark gap according to the invention. Here is one Multiple spark gap through three graphite electrodes 1 formed at the ends by electrode plates 2 are covered. At 3 is a phase connection provided, while at 4 a connection to Reference potential, preferably ground potential is provided is. Between the graphite ones Electrode plates 1 are PTFE rings 5 as Insulating agent arranged. It is about a air-filled spark gap. In this training is the partial spark gap with the exception of the Surge event first responding Spark gap connected by a capacitance 6 being the second spark gap over the capacity 6 to the common reference potential 4 is set.

Erfindungsgemäß ist parallel zur aus den Teilfunkenstrecken gebildeten Mehrfachfunkenstrecke ein Bypass 7 geschaltet, der aus einer Serienschaltung einer Hilfsfunkenstrecke 8 und zwei Varistoren 9 besteht. Bei der Hilfsfunkenstrecke 8 handelt es sich um eine gasgefüllte Funkenstrecke, die schneller anspricht als luftgefüllte Funkenstrecken. Zudem ist die Ansprechspannung der Hilfsfunkenstrecke 8 deutlich geringer als die Ansprechspannung der Teilfunkenstrecken. Die Funkenstrecke 8 ist den Varistoren 9 vorgeschaltet. Die Varistoren 9 können unterschiedliche Kapazitäten aufweisen. Durch diese Anordnung wird das Ansprechverhalten der gesamten Funkenstrecke deutlich verbessert, wobei im Ergebnis ein Ansprechverhalten unterhalb 1,5 kV erreicht wird.According to the invention is parallel to the from Partial spark gaps formed multiple spark gaps a bypass 7 switched, which consists of a Series connection of an auxiliary spark gap 8 and two Varistors 9 exists. At the auxiliary spark gap 8 it is a gas-filled spark gap, that responds faster than air-filled ones Radio links. In addition, the response voltage is the Auxiliary spark gap 8 significantly less than that Response voltage of the partial spark gaps. The Spark gap 8 is connected upstream of the varistors 9. The varistors 9 can have different capacitances exhibit. This arrangement will Response behavior of the entire spark gap clearly improved, resulting in a responsiveness below 1.5 kV is reached.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern im Rahmen der Offenbarung vielfach variabel.The invention is not based on the embodiment limited, but within the scope of the revelation often variable.

Alle neuen, in der Beschreibung und/oder Zeichnung offenbarten Einzel- und Kombinationsmerkmale werden als erfindungswesentlich angesehen.All new, in the description and / or drawing disclosed individual and combination features regarded as essential to the invention.

Claims (7)

Funkenstrecke, insbesondere N-PE Funkenstrecke, mit vorzugsweise mehreren in Reihe geschalteten Teil-Funkenstrecken, wobei insbesondere die Teilfunkenstrecken mit Ausnahme der im Überspannungsereignisfall ersten ansprechenden Funkenstrecke durch eine Kapazität (6) beschaltet sind, wobei insbesondere die zweite und jede weitere Funkenstrecke über die Kapazität (6) an ein gemeinsames Bezugspotential (4), insbesondere Erdpotential, gelegt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass parallel zu der aus einer einzelnen Funkenstrecke oder aus mehreren in Serie geschalteten Teilfunkenstrecken bestehenden Mehrfachfunkenstrecke ein Bypass (7) geschaltet ist, der aus einer Serienschaltung einer Hilfsfunkenstrecke (8) mit einer Ansprechspannung kleiner der Ansprechspannung der Funkenstrecke oder der Teilfunkenstrecken und mindestens einem Varistor (9) besteht.Spark gap, in particular N-PE spark gap, preferably with a plurality of partial spark gaps connected in series, the partial spark gaps in particular, with the exception of the spark gap which responds first in the event of an overvoltage event, being connected by a capacitance (6), in particular the second and each further spark gap using the capacitance (6) are connected to a common reference potential (4), in particular earth potential, characterized in that a bypass (7) is connected in parallel to the multiple spark gap consisting of a single spark gap or of several partial spark gaps connected in series, which bypass consists of a series connection of a Auxiliary spark gap (8) with a response voltage less than the response voltage of the spark gap or the partial spark gaps and at least one varistor (9). Funkenstrecke nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hilfsfunkenstrecke eine flach verlaufende Stoßkennlinie aufweist.Spark gap according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary spark gap has a flat impact characteristic. Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Varistoren (9) des Bypasses (7) parallel geschaltet sind. Spark gap according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that several varistors (9) of the bypass (7) are connected in parallel. Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Varistoren (9) des Bypasses (7) in Serie geschaltet sind.Spark gap according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of varistors (9) of the bypass (7) are connected in series. Funkenstrecke nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels der in Serie geschalteten Varistoren (9) die wirksame Kapazität der Varistoren (9) reduziert ist und die Spannungsaufteilung bei anliegender Wechselspannung, insbesondere bei Prüf-Wechselspannung, verbessert ist.Spark gap according to Claim 4, characterized in that the effective capacitance of the varistors (9) is reduced by means of the varistors (9) connected in series and the voltage distribution when AC voltage is present, in particular with AC test voltage, is improved. Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Varistoren (9) unterschiedliche Kapazität aufweisen.Spark gap according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the varistors (9) have different capacitances. Funkenstrecke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hauptfunkenstrecke aus luftgefüllten Funkenstrecken und die Hilfsfunkenstrecke (8) aus einer gasgefüllten, insbesondere mit Edelgas gefüllten, Funkenstrecke besteht.Spark gap according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the main spark gap consists of air-filled spark gaps and the auxiliary spark gap (8) consists of a gas-filled spark gap, in particular filled with noble gas.
EP03001846A 2002-04-11 2003-01-29 Overvoltage arrester Expired - Lifetime EP1353422B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10216046 2002-04-11
DE10216046 2002-04-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1353422A1 true EP1353422A1 (en) 2003-10-15
EP1353422B1 EP1353422B1 (en) 2004-08-11

Family

ID=28051252

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03001846A Expired - Lifetime EP1353422B1 (en) 2002-04-11 2003-01-29 Overvoltage arrester

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1353422B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003338354A (en)
CN (1) CN100379107C (en)
AT (1) ATE273578T1 (en)
DE (1) DE50300047D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2222447T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1057655A1 (en)
TR (1) TR200402439T4 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008155424A1 (en) * 2007-06-21 2008-12-24 Epcos Ag Device and module for protecting against lightning and overvoltages
WO2014173613A1 (en) * 2013-04-22 2014-10-30 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co.Kg Circuit arrangement for surge protection in dc supply circuits
RU2608364C2 (en) * 2012-06-14 2017-01-18 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Spark gap
EP4270688A1 (en) * 2022-04-28 2023-11-01 Phoenix Contact GmbH & Co. KG Multiple spark gap arrangement

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101471542B (en) * 2004-06-21 2011-11-16 西安交通大学 Multi-clearance combined protection device for overvoltage protection system
CN100370670C (en) * 2005-03-28 2008-02-20 西安交通大学 Overvoltage protecting device based on hollow electrode
CN103560399B (en) * 2013-11-18 2015-05-20 武汉爱劳高科技有限责任公司 Direct lightning protective device with early discharging function and lightning current limiting function
CN106849045A (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-06-13 中国电力工程顾问集团西南电力设计院有限公司 The selection method of high voltage single-core cable sheath protector parallel connection gaps

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19742302A1 (en) * 1997-09-25 1999-04-08 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Spark gap capable of carrying lightning current
JP2002010484A (en) * 2000-06-16 2002-01-11 Ntt Docomo Kyushu Inc Surge absorber

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN86207690U (en) * 1986-09-25 1988-02-10 刘志华 New-type sparking plug

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19742302A1 (en) * 1997-09-25 1999-04-08 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Spark gap capable of carrying lightning current
DE19755082A1 (en) * 1997-09-25 1999-06-17 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Spark gap capable of carrying lightning current
JP2002010484A (en) * 2000-06-16 2002-01-11 Ntt Docomo Kyushu Inc Surge absorber

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2002, no. 05 3 May 2002 (2002-05-03) *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008155424A1 (en) * 2007-06-21 2008-12-24 Epcos Ag Device and module for protecting against lightning and overvoltages
US8080927B2 (en) 2007-06-21 2011-12-20 Epcos Ag Device and module for protecting against lightning and overvoltages
RU2608364C2 (en) * 2012-06-14 2017-01-18 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Spark gap
US9679737B2 (en) 2012-06-14 2017-06-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Spark gap
WO2014173613A1 (en) * 2013-04-22 2014-10-30 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co.Kg Circuit arrangement for surge protection in dc supply circuits
EP4270688A1 (en) * 2022-04-28 2023-11-01 Phoenix Contact GmbH & Co. KG Multiple spark gap arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1057655A1 (en) 2004-04-08
CN100379107C (en) 2008-04-02
DE50300047D1 (en) 2004-09-16
TR200402439T4 (en) 2004-12-21
JP2003338354A (en) 2003-11-28
EP1353422B1 (en) 2004-08-11
ATE273578T1 (en) 2004-08-15
CN1450696A (en) 2003-10-22
ES2222447T3 (en) 2005-02-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE1588607A1 (en) Spark gap and discharge control arrangement
DE2128128A1 (en) Surge arrester with a control spark gap
EP1353422B1 (en) Overvoltage arrester
EP2287984A1 (en) Surge absorbers
WO2017036803A1 (en) Multiple spark-gap arrester
EP1620946B1 (en) Trigger / ignition device in a marx generator provided with n step capacitors
EP1381127B1 (en) Lightning current withstand arrester
EP2831967A1 (en) Surge arrester
DE4141682A1 (en) Overvoltage protection device e.g. for electronic measurement and control circuits - has circular or elliptical electrode eccentrically located inside another with plastic web in spark-gap
DE1808374A1 (en) Surge arresters
EP1077519B1 (en) Method of operating an overvoltage protection device and overvoltage protection device with at least one coarse and one fine protection element
DE2608602A1 (en) VALVE ARRANGEMENT
DE19952004B4 (en) Method for operating an overvoltage protection device and overvoltage protection device with at least one coarse protection and one fine protection element
DE10114592A1 (en) Spark gap for lightning current has dimensions of control capacitors given by number of capacitors, control capacitance, safety factor, line capacitance, peak overvoltage, protection level
DE1140256B (en) Spark gap with auxiliary ignition
DE3732827A1 (en) High-voltage ignition system
DE2618222C3 (en) Electronic ignition system for internal combustion engines
DE475419C (en) Electric cylinder capacitor with overvoltage protection against breakdown consisting of spark gaps and damping resistor
DE1538509C (en) Spark gap unit for bridging a valve resistor in an overvoltage conductor
DE944982C (en) Method for testing high-voltage circuit breakers and the arrangement for carrying out the same
DE903840C (en) Impact voltage system in multi-level design
DE1563687C (en) Surge arresters
DE10004130B4 (en) Procedure for the safe operation of an at least two-stage surge protection device
DE760399C (en) Surge arrester for maximum discharge capacity
DE2312150C3 (en) Arrangement for the interruption of high voltage direct current

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20031002

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR

AXX Extension fees paid

Extension state: LT

Payment date: 20031002

Extension state: LV

Payment date: 20031002

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: LT LV

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20040811

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20040811

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20040811

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20040811

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20040811

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20040811

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: GERMAN

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 50300047

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20040916

Kind code of ref document: P

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20041111

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20041111

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20041111

LTIE Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension

Effective date: 20040811

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050129

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20050129

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050131

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2222447

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 20040811

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

ET Fr: translation filed
BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: OBO BETTERMANN G.M.B.H. & CO. KG.

Effective date: 20050131

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20050512

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070131

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: *OBO BETTERMANN G.M.B.H. & CO. K.G.

Effective date: 20050131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050111

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20120123

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20130130

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20140113

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20140123

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20140129

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: V1

Effective date: 20140801

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20140801

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 273578

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20150129

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20150930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150202

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150129

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20160301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 20150130

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20170124

Year of fee payment: 15

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180129

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Payment date: 20220213

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20220329

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20220125

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20220125

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 50300047

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: MK4A

Ref document number: E 15

Country of ref document: SK

Expiry date: 20230129

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20230129

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20230129