EP1353044A2 - Method of manufacturing a poppet valve - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing a poppet valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1353044A2 EP1353044A2 EP02025596A EP02025596A EP1353044A2 EP 1353044 A2 EP1353044 A2 EP 1353044A2 EP 02025596 A EP02025596 A EP 02025596A EP 02025596 A EP02025596 A EP 02025596A EP 1353044 A2 EP1353044 A2 EP 1353044A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- valve stem
- bore
- valve head
- engagement portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/20—Making machine elements valve parts
- B21K1/22—Making machine elements valve parts poppet valves, e.g. for internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a poppet valve.
- a poppet valve that consists of a valve stem and a valve head at the lower end of the valve stem is generally manufactured according to four methods as below:
- the number of molding steps is too many to lead low productivity, and defective products are likely to be made owing to poor cold-forging capability in general heat-resistant steels.
- valve stem and the valve head are integrally molded, and it is impossible to employ different materials depending on use.
- a method of manufacturing a poppet valve comprising the steps of making a valve stem and a valve head separately, one of the valve stem and the valve head having an engagement portion that has an annular groove on an outer circumferential surface, the other having a bore; engaging the engagement portion with the bore; and pressing a circumferential wall of the bore from an outside toward an axis of the valve stem to deform it plastically so as to join the valve stem to the valve head integrally.
- Fig. 1 is a partially cut-away front view of the first embodiment of a poppet valve 1 according to the present invention.
- the poppet valve 1 comprises a valve stem 2 and a valve head 3 which are joined to each other as below.
- annular groove 4 As shown in Fig. 2, on the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the valve stem 2 which a cylindrical material is cut out to form, an annular groove 4 which becomes deeper upwards is formed.
- the annular groove 4 is formed on an engagement portion 2a.
- a bore 5 that has internal diameter and depth enough to be engaged with the engagement portion 2 is formed.
- the engagement portion 2a of the valve stem 2 is engaged in the bore 5 of the valve head 3. Then, as shown in Fig. 4, the valve head 3 is positioned on a press device (not shown). Thereafter, the valve stem 2 is inserted into a pressing jig 7 which has an axial hole 6 which has an enlarged portion 6a at the lower end.
- FIGs. 5 and 6 illustrate the second embodiment of the present invention.
- An annular groove 9 having equal depth is formed on the outer circumferential surface at the lower portion of the valve stem 2, and the circumferential wall 8 at the upper end of the valve head 3 is strongly pressed by a pair of pressing rollers 10,10 each of which rotates in the same direction around a vertical axis, so that it is plastically deformed towards a vertical axis of the valve stem 2.
- the circumferential wall 8 is put into the annular groove 9 and caulked.
- valve stem 2 is joined to the valve head 3.
- the annular groove 9 of the valve stem 2 increases unfastening resistance to tensile load compared with the first embodiment.
- the annular groove 9 may be formed to be concave.
- Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the third embodiment of the present invention.
- a bore 11 is formed at the lower portion of a valve stem 2, and an engagement portion 12 is provided at the upper portion of the valve head 3.
- An annular groove 13 is formed to be concave0.
- the engagement portion 12 is inserted in the bore 11, and the outer circumferential surface of a circumferential wall 14 including the bore 11 is strongly pressed towards a vertical axis of the valve stem 2 by a pair of pressing rollers 10 similar to the above, so that the valve stem 2 is joined to the valve head 3.
- the annular groove 13 may be formed as the same shape as above.
- valve stem 2 and the valve head 3 are separately made, and the ends of them are engaged with each other.
- the circumferential walls 8, 14 of the engagement bores 5,11 of the valve head 3 or the valve stem 2 are plastically deformed towards an axis of a valve stem 2, so that the valve stem 2 is integrally formed with the valve head 3, thereby facilitating manufacturing of the poppet valve 1.
- valve stem 2 may be made of low-cost material such as carbon steel or alloy steel for mechanical structure, and the valve head 3 may be made of heat-resistant steel, thereby decreasing total cost.
- the valve stem 2 may be made of low-density material such as Al alloy, Ti alloy or Mg alloy to lighten the poppet valve 1.
- valve stem 2 and the valve head 3 are separately formed.
- a poppet valve having different diameter of the valve head may be made or different diameter of the valve stem can be easily made. Even if they are made of different materials such as heat-resistant steel and Al alloy that are difficult to weld owing to difference in melting points, they can be easily joined.
- the valve head 3 can be molded by cold forging that provides high accuracy in size to omit later working to decrease cost.
Abstract
A poppet valve is employed in an internal combustion engine of a motor
vehicle. A valve stem and a valve head of the poppet valve are separately
made. A bore is formed on the upper end of the valve head, and an
engagement portion having an annular groove is formed at the lower portion of
the valve stem. The engagement portion of the valve stem is engaged in the
bore of the valve head, and a circumferential wall of the bore is pressed from
the outside towards a vertical axis of the valve stem and plastically deformed,
so that the valve stem is joined to the valve head to make the poppet valve.
Description
- The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a poppet valve.
- A poppet valve that consists of a valve stem and a valve head at the lower end of the valve stem is generally manufactured according to four methods as below:
- (a) A long cylindrical material is shrunken by electric upset forging machines to form a spherical enlarged portion at one end as an intermediate, and the enlarged portion is molded by hot forging to make a poppet valve that has a valve head at one end of a valve stem.
- (b) A heated large-diameter short material is made by hot-choking forging to form a valve stem having an enlarged portion at one end as an intermediate. Thereafter, the enlarged portion is made by hot forging to form a poppet valve having a valve head at one end of the valve stem.
- (c) A heated short material is made by hot forging to form a valve head, which is welded to a valve stem to form a poppet valve.
- (d) A cylindrical material is made through a plurality of cold-forging steps such as four steps to mold a poppet valve having a valve head at one end of a valve stem.
-
- In the method (a), it takes relatively long time to form the intermediate. So four or five expensive electric upset forging machines are required to form the intermediate to increase cost.
- In the method (b), it is difficult to determine the size of the material. To manufacture a larger-diameter valve, a larger-external-diameter material leads decrease in the size and accuracy and increase in squeezing resistance to reduce life of a die. In the meantime, to improve extrusion capability, smaller external diameter of the material leads decrease in size and accuracy of the valve head.
- In the method (c), it is advantageous to join the valve head to the valve stem made of material different from the valve head. But, it is impossible to join two materials that are difficult to weld owing to difference in melting point, thereby limiting the kinds of materials.
- In the method (d), the number of molding steps is too many to lead low productivity, and defective products are likely to be made owing to poor cold-forging capability in general heat-resistant steels.
- In the methods except (c), the valve stem and the valve head are integrally molded, and it is impossible to employ different materials depending on use.
- In view of the disadvantages as above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a poppet valve for joining a valve stem to a valve head easily to decrease manufacturing cost.
- To achieve the object, according to the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a poppet valve, comprising the steps of making a valve stem and a valve head separately, one of the valve stem and the valve head having an engagement portion that has an annular groove on an outer circumferential surface, the other having a bore; engaging the engagement portion with the bore; and pressing a circumferential wall of the bore from an outside toward an axis of the valve stem to deform it plastically so as to join the valve stem to the valve head integrally.
- The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description with respect to embodiments as shown in appended drawings wherein:
- Fig. 1 is a partially cut-away front view of a poppet valve made by the first embodiment of a method according to the present invention;
- Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of a valve stem and a valve head before joining in the first embodiment;
- Fig. 3 is a partially cut-away front view of the poppet valve in which the lower end of the valve stem is engaged with a bore of the valve head;
- Fig. 4 is a partially cut-away front view of the poppet valve in which the valve stem is joined to the valve head by a pressing jig;
- Fig. 5 is a front view of the lower end of a valve stem in the second embodiment according to the present invention;
- Fig. 6 is a partially cut-away front view of a poppet valve in which the valve stem is joined to a valve head by pressing rollers
- Fig. 7 is a front view of a valve stem and a valve head before joining in the third embodiment of a method according to the present invention; and
- Fig. 8 is a partially cut-away front view of a poppet valve in which the valve stem is joined to the valve head by pressing rollers
-
- Embodiments of the present invention will be described with respect to appended drawings.
- Fig. 1 is a partially cut-away front view of the first embodiment of a poppet valve 1 according to the present invention.
- The poppet valve 1 comprises a
valve stem 2 and avalve head 3 which are joined to each other as below. - As shown in Fig. 2, on the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the
valve stem 2 which a cylindrical material is cut out to form, anannular groove 4 which becomes deeper upwards is formed. Theannular groove 4 is formed on anengagement portion 2a. - In the middle of the
valve head 3 formed by cold or hot forging, abore 5 that has internal diameter and depth enough to be engaged with theengagement portion 2 is formed. - First, as shown in Fig.3, the
engagement portion 2a of thevalve stem 2 is engaged in thebore 5 of thevalve head 3. Then, as shown in Fig. 4, thevalve head 3 is positioned on a press device (not shown). Thereafter, thevalve stem 2 is inserted into apressing jig 7 which has anaxial hole 6 which has an enlargedportion 6a at the lower end. - By the inner surface of the enlarged
portion 6a of theaxial hole 6, acircumferential wall 8 at the upper end of thevalve head 3 is strongly pressed and plastically deformed towards theannular groove 4 of theengagement portion 2a, so that thevalve stem 2 is joined to thevalve head 3. - Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate the second embodiment of the present invention. An
annular groove 9 having equal depth is formed on the outer circumferential surface at the lower portion of thevalve stem 2, and thecircumferential wall 8 at the upper end of thevalve head 3 is strongly pressed by a pair ofpressing rollers valve stem 2. Thus, thecircumferential wall 8 is put into theannular groove 9 and caulked. - Accordingly, the
valve stem 2 is joined to thevalve head 3. Theannular groove 9 of thevalve stem 2 increases unfastening resistance to tensile load compared with the first embodiment. In this embodiment, theannular groove 9 may be formed to be concave. - Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, on the contrary to the foregoing embodiments, a
bore 11 is formed at the lower portion of avalve stem 2, and anengagement portion 12 is provided at the upper portion of thevalve head 3. Anannular groove 13 is formed to be concave0. Theengagement portion 12 is inserted in thebore 11, and the outer circumferential surface of acircumferential wall 14 including thebore 11 is strongly pressed towards a vertical axis of thevalve stem 2 by a pair ofpressing rollers 10 similar to the above, so that thevalve stem 2 is joined to thevalve head 3. Theannular groove 13 may be formed as the same shape as above. - As described above, in the foregoing embodiments, the
valve stem 2 and thevalve head 3 are separately made, and the ends of them are engaged with each other. Thecircumferential walls valve head 3 or thevalve stem 2 are plastically deformed towards an axis of avalve stem 2, so that thevalve stem 2 is integrally formed with thevalve head 3, thereby facilitating manufacturing of the poppet valve 1. - Therefore, compared with conventional methods, manufacturing cost can be decreased.
- In view of use, cost and lightening of the poppet valve, materials of the
valve stem 2 and thevalve head 3 can be suitably determined. For example, thevalve stem 2 may be made of low-cost material such as carbon steel or alloy steel for mechanical structure, and thevalve head 3 may be made of heat-resistant steel, thereby decreasing total cost. Thevalve stem 2 may be made of low-density material such as Al alloy, Ti alloy or Mg alloy to lighten the poppet valve 1. - The
valve stem 2 and thevalve head 3 are separately formed. Thus, a poppet valve having different diameter of the valve head may be made or different diameter of the valve stem can be easily made. Even if they are made of different materials such as heat-resistant steel and Al alloy that are difficult to weld owing to difference in melting points, they can be easily joined. - The
valve head 3 can be molded by cold forging that provides high accuracy in size to omit later working to decrease cost. - The foregoing merely relates to embodiments of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of claims wherein:
Claims (6)
- A method of manufacturing a poppet valve, comprising the steps of:making a valve stem and a valve head separately, one of the valve stem and the valve head having an engagement portion that has an annular groove on an outer circumferential surface, the other having a bore;engaging the engagement portion with the bore; andpressing a circumferential wall of the bore from an outside toward an axis of the valve stem to deform it plastically so as to join the valve stem to the valve head.
- A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the engagement portion is provided on the lower end of the valve stem, while the bore is formed at an upper end of the valve head.
- A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the bore is formed at a lower end of the valve stem, while the engagement portion is provided at an upper end of the valve head.
- A method as claimed in claim 2 wherein the annular groove is tapered upwards, the valve stem being inserted in an axial hole of a pressing jig, said axial hole having an enlarged portion at a lower end, the engagement portion of the valve stem engaged in the bore of the valve head being pressed by downward movement of the pressing jig, whereby the enlarged portion strongly presses the circumferential wall of the bore of the valve head.
- A method as claimed in claim 2 wherein the circumferential wall of the bore of the valve head in which the engagement portion of the valve stem is engaged is pressed by a plurality of pressing rollers each of which rotates around a vertical axis.
- A method as claimed in claim 3 wherein the circumferential wall of the bore of the valve stem in which the engagement portion of the valve head is engaged is pressed by a plurality of pressing rollers each of which rotates around a vertical axis.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002105899A JP2003305524A (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2002-04-09 | Method of manufacturing engine valve |
JP2002105899 | 2002-04-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1353044A2 true EP1353044A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 |
Family
ID=28449915
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02025596A Withdrawn EP1353044A2 (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2002-11-18 | Method of manufacturing a poppet valve |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1353044A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003305524A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20030080982A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1450288A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3882438A4 (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2021-11-24 | Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing engine poppet valve |
US11300018B2 (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2022-04-12 | Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. | Hollow exhaust poppet valve |
US11850690B2 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2023-12-26 | Nittan Corporation | Method for manufacturing engine poppet valve |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BRPI0913576B1 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2021-05-11 | Flowserve Management Company | plug assembly and method for replacing or joining a plug head to a plug stem |
JP4526097B1 (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2010-08-18 | 株式会社 吉村カンパニー | Method for manufacturing valve head part of hollow engine valve, press device for valve head part of hollow engine valve, and hollow engine valve |
WO2015037075A1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-03-19 | 日鍛バルブ株式会社 | Engine valve and method for manufacturing engine valve |
JP6752408B2 (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2020-09-09 | 株式会社ニチリン | Joining structure of joint and support member and its manufacturing method |
DE102015220891A1 (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-04-27 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Internally cooled valve for internal combustion engines and method and apparatus for its manufacture |
KR101644132B1 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-07-29 | 정원금속 주식회사 | Poppet valve for exhaust gas recirculation and manufacturing process of the same |
CN110842516B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-07-13 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Closing-in tool and closing-in method for filling valve |
-
2002
- 2002-04-09 JP JP2002105899A patent/JP2003305524A/en active Pending
- 2002-10-23 KR KR1020020064832A patent/KR20030080982A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-18 EP EP02025596A patent/EP1353044A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-09 CN CN02155727A patent/CN1450288A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11300018B2 (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2022-04-12 | Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. | Hollow exhaust poppet valve |
EP3882438A4 (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2021-11-24 | Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing engine poppet valve |
US11536167B2 (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2022-12-27 | Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing engine poppet valve |
US11850690B2 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2023-12-26 | Nittan Corporation | Method for manufacturing engine poppet valve |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2003305524A (en) | 2003-10-28 |
KR20030080982A (en) | 2003-10-17 |
CN1450288A (en) | 2003-10-22 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
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18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20050811 |