EP1347034B1 - Schmierölzuammensetzung für Gasmotoren - Google Patents

Schmierölzuammensetzung für Gasmotoren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1347034B1
EP1347034B1 EP03250850A EP03250850A EP1347034B1 EP 1347034 B1 EP1347034 B1 EP 1347034B1 EP 03250850 A EP03250850 A EP 03250850A EP 03250850 A EP03250850 A EP 03250850A EP 1347034 B1 EP1347034 B1 EP 1347034B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
gas engine
composition
oil composition
metal
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EP03250850A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1347034A1 (de
Inventor
Yolanda 3 Whitehorn Farm Cottages Owen
Laurent Chambard
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Infineum International Ltd
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Infineum International Ltd
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Priority claimed from EP02251740A external-priority patent/EP1347033A1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/144—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
    • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/45—Ash-less or low ash content
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
    • C10N2060/14—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by boron or a compound containing boron

Definitions

  • This invention concerns an improved gas engine lubricating oil composition; in particular, a gas engine lubricating oil composition exhibiting reduced deposit formation.
  • Gas engines which are also called gas-fuelled or gas-fired engines, are used to drive pumping stations of natural-gas pipelines, blowers and generators in, for example, purification plants and on gas tankers.
  • Gas engines may be two- or four-stroke, spark-ignited or compression-ignited.
  • Gas Otto engines ignite a mixture of gas and air using spark plugs.
  • Gas diesel engines use a continuous injection of a small amount, such as, for example, 5-10%, of diesel fuel.
  • Gas engines operate at high temperatures such as greater than 200°C in a piston environment. These high temperatures cause oxidation of the gas engine lubricating oil composition, which produces undesirable acids. These acids cause corrosion of the gas engine, in particular, corrosion of bearings in crankshaft journals and crankpins.
  • the gas engine lubricating oil composition should therefore preferably have either a low ash content such as, for example, below 0.6 wt% ash, or a medium ash content such as, for example, between 0.6 and 1.5 wt% ash, as determined by ASTM D874. If a lubricating oil composition has an ash level that is too low, it will shorten the working life of valves and cylinder heads. If, on the other hand, a lubricating oil composition has an ash level that is too high, excessive deposits will be produced in upper combustion chambers and upper piston areas.
  • a low ash content such as, for example, below 0.6 wt% ash
  • a medium ash content such as, for example, between 0.6 and 1.5 wt% ash
  • Gas engine lubricating oil compositions usually include a major amount of base oil of lubricating viscosity and the following additives: up to 10 wt% of detergents, 0.5 to 8 wt% of dispersants, 0.05 to 2.0 wt% of antioxidants, 0.01 to 0.2 wt% of metal deactivators, 0.05 to 1.5 wt% of anti-wear additives, 0.05 to 0.6 wt% of pour point depressants, 0.001 to 0.2 wt% of anti-foam agents and 0.1 to 3.0 wt% of viscosity index improvers.
  • additives up to 10 wt% of detergents, 0.5 to 8 wt% of dispersants, 0.05 to 2.0 wt% of antioxidants, 0.01 to 0.2 wt% of metal deactivators, 0.05 to 1.5 wt% of anti-wear additives, 0.05 to 0.6 wt% of pour point depressants, 0.001 to 0.2 wt% of anti-foam
  • EP1104800 discloses a lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines comprising a major amount of a lubricating base oil, 0.1-1 wt.% with respect to sulfated ash content of a metal-containing detergent, 1.0-15 wt.% with respect to active ingredient of a boron-containing alkenyl- or alkylsuccinimide, 0.01-0.1 wt.% with respect to phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.1-5 wt.% with respect to active ingredient of an oxidation inhibitor and 0.1-5 wt.% with respect to active ingredient of an ashless dithiocarbamate.
  • US6140282 discloses.a lubricating oil useful as a low ash gas engine oil.
  • the lubricant comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of additives comprising a mixture of detergents.
  • the detergents comprise three metal salts or a group of metal salts viz. first, second and third respectively selected from at least one metal salicylate, metal sulfonate and/or metal phenate.
  • the first metal salt or group of metal salts has a high TBN of greater than about 150 or higher used in combination with other metal salts to achieve a lubricating oil of sulfated ash content ( not more than 0.6 wt.%).
  • the second metal salt or group of metal salts has a medium TBN of greater than about 50-150 and the third metal salt or group of metal salts has a low/neutral TBN of about 10-50.
  • the total amount of medium+low/neutral TBN detergents is greater than 0.7 volume % and the amount of medium+low/neutral TBN detergent is about 0.05-1.05. At least one of the medium or low/neutral TBN detergents is metal salicylate.
  • the aim of this invention is to provide an improved gas engine lubricating oil composition.
  • a further aim of this invention is to provide a gas engine lubricating oil composition that exhibits reduced deposit formation.
  • a gas engine lubricating oil composition having a boron content of at least 95 ppm, the composition comprising:
  • the boron content in the gas engine lubricating oil composition preferably ranges from 95 to 400 ppm, more preferably from 100 to 400 ppm, more preferably from 100 to 200 ppm, and most preferably from 105 to 170 ppm.
  • the boron may be supplied by a borated metal detergent or by an additional borated compound such as, for example, a borated succinimide dispersant.
  • a method of lubricating a gas engine comprising the step of operating the gas engine while lubricating it with the gas engine lubricating oil composition defined above.
  • gas engine lubricating oil composition as a lubricant in a gas engine to reduce deposit formation.
  • the inventors have surprisingly found that the gas engine lubricating oil composition defined above exhibits reduced deposit formation.
  • the lubricating oil composition preferably has a TBN in the range of from 4 to 20, more preferably from 5 to 20, even more preferably from 5 to 15.
  • the lubricating oil needs to have a viscosity index of 80 to 120.
  • the viscosity index can be determined using ASTM D 2270.
  • the lubricating oil needs to include at least 90 mass percent of saturates.
  • the amount of saturates can be determined using ASTM D 2007.
  • the lubricating oil must include no more than 0.03 mass percent of sulphur.
  • the amount of sulphur can be determined using ASTMs D 2622, D 4294, D 4927 or D3120.
  • the lubricating oil generally comprises greater than 60, typically greater than 70, more preferably greater than 80 wt% of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the lubricating oil can be any Group II base oil.
  • Hydrocracked oils where the refining process further breaks down the middle and heavy distillate fractions in the presence of hydrogen at high temperatures and moderate pressures, are also suitable. Hydrocracked oils typically have a viscosity index typically in the range of from 100 to 110, for example from 105 to 108.
  • the oil may include 'brightstock' which refers to base oils that are solvent-extracted, de-asphalted products from vacuum residuum generally having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of from 28 to 36 mm 2 s -1 and are typically used in a proportion of less than 30, preferably less than 20, more preferably less than 15, most preferably less than 10, such as less than 5, wt%, based on the weight of the composition.
  • 'brightstock' refers to base oils that are solvent-extracted, de-asphalted products from vacuum residuum generally having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of from 28 to 36 mm 2 s -1 and are typically used in a proportion of less than 30, preferably less than 20, more preferably less than 15, most preferably less than 10, such as less than 5, wt%, based on the weight of the composition.
  • the lubricating oil composition includes at least one metal salicylate having a TBN of 60 to 140, as measured by ASTM 2896-98.
  • a detergent is an additive that reduces formation of piston deposits, for example high-temperature varnish and lacquer deposits, in engines; it has acid-neutralising properties and is capable of keeping finely divided solids in suspension. It is based on metal "soaps", that is metal salts of acidic organic compounds, sometimes referred to as surfactants.
  • the detergent comprises a polar head with a long hydrophobic tail.
  • the polar head comprises a metal salt of a surfactant.
  • Large amounts of a metal base are included by reacting an excess of a metal compound, such as an oxide or hydroxide, with an acidic gas such as carbon dioxide to give an overbased detergent which comprises neutralised detergent as the outer layer of a metal base (e.g. carbonate) micelle.
  • the metal may be an alkali or alkaline earth metal such as, for example, sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, barium and magnesium. Calcium is preferred.
  • the detergent may be a complex/hybrid detergent prepared from a mixture of more than one metal surfactant, such as a calcium alkyl phenate and a calcium alkyl salicylate.
  • a complex detergent is a hybrid material in which the surfactant groups, for example phenate and salicylate, are incorporated during the overbasing process.
  • Examples of complex detergents are described in the art (see, for example, WO 97/46643, WO 97/46644, WO 97/46645, WO 97/46646 and WO 97/46647).
  • Surfactants for the surfactant system of the metal detergents contain at least one hydrocarbyl group, for example, as a substituent on an aromatic ring.
  • hydrocarbyl as used herein means that the group concerned is primarily composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms and is bonded to the remainder of the molecule via a carbon atom, but does not exclude the presence of other atoms or groups in a proportion insufficient to detract from the substantially hydrocarbon characteristics of the group.
  • hydrocarbyl groups in surfactants for use in accordance with the invention are aliphatic groups, preferably alkyl or alkylene groups, especially alkyl groups, which may be linear or branched.
  • the total number of carbon atoms in the surfactants should be at least sufficient to impact the desired oil-solubility.
  • the alkyl groups include from 5 to 100, preferably from 9 to 30, more preferably 14 to 20, carbon atoms. Where there is more than one alkyl group, the average number of carbon atoms in all of the alkyl groups is preferably at least 9 to ensure adequate oil-solubility.
  • the detergent may be non-sulfurized or sulfurized, and may be chemically modified and/or contain additional substitutents. Suitable sulfurizing processes are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the detergent may be borated, using borating processes well known those skilled in the art.
  • the metal salicylate preferably has a TBN of 60 to 130.
  • the detergent may be used in a proportion in the range of 0.5 to 30, preferably 2 to 20, or more preferably 2 to 15, wt% based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • At least one dispersant may be present in the gas engine lubricating oil composition.
  • a dispersant is an additive for a lubricating composition whose primary function is to hoid solid and liquid contaminants in suspension, thereby passivating them and reducing engine deposits at the same time as reducing sludge depositions.
  • a dispersant maintains in suspension oil-insoluble substances that result from oxidation during use of the lubricating oil, thus preventing sludge flocculation and precipitation or deposition on metal parts of the engine.
  • Ashless dispersants comprise a long chain hydrocarbon with a polar head, the polarity being derived from inclusion of, e.g. an O, P or N atom.
  • the hydrocarbon is an oleophilic group that confers oil-solubility, having for example 40 to 500 carbon atoms.
  • ashless dispersants may comprise an oil-soluble polymeric hydrocarbon backbone having functional groups that are capable of associating with particles to be dispersed.
  • ashless dispersants are succinimides, eg polyisobutene succinic anhydride: polyamine condensation products which may be borated or unborated.
  • the dispersant may be present in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 8.0 wt%, preferably from 0.5 to 4.0 wt%, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • Antiwear additives may be present in the gas engine lubricating oil composition.
  • the antiwear additives may be metallic or non-metallic, preferably the former.
  • Dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate metal salts are examples of anti-wear additives that may be used in the present invention.
  • the metal in the dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate metal salts may be an alkali or alkaline earth metal, or aluminium, lead, tin, molybdenum, manganese, nickel or copper.
  • Zinc salts are preferred, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1.5, preferably 0.5 to 1.3, wt%, based upon the total weight of the gas engine lubricating oil composition.
  • DDPA dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphoric acid
  • a dithiophosphoric acid may be made by reacting mixtures of primary and secondary alcohols.
  • multiple dithiophosphoric acids can be prepared comprising both hydrocarbyl groups that are entirely secondary and hydrocarbyl groups that are entirely primary.
  • any basic or neutral zinc compound may be used but the oxides, hydroxides and carbonates are most generally employed. Commercial additives frequently contain an excess of zinc due to use of an excess of the basic zinc compound in the neutralisation reaction.
  • the preferred zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphates are oil-soluble salts of dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphoric acids and may be represented by the following formula: [(RO) (R 1 O) P(S)S] 2 Zn where R and R 1 may be the same or different hydrocarbyl radicals containing from 1 to 18, preferably 2 to 12, carbon atoms and including radicals such as alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkaryl and cycloaliphatic radicals. Particularly preferred as R and R 1 groups are alkyl groups of 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the radicals may, for example, be ethyl, n-propyl, l-propyl, n-butyl, l-butyl, sec-butyl, amyl, n-hexyl, l-hexyl, n-octyl, decyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, 2-ethylehexyl, phenyl, butylphenyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, propenyl, butenyl.
  • the total number of carbon atoms (i.e. in R and R 1 ) in the dithiophoshoric acid will generally be 5 or greater.
  • the zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate can therefore comprise zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates.
  • Antioxidants may also be added to the gas engine lubricating oil composition. These may be aminic or phenolic. Examples of aminic include secondary aromatic amines such as diarylamines, for example diphenylamines wherein each phenyl group is alkylsubstituted with an alkyl group having 4 to 9 carbon atoms. Examples of phenolics include hindered phenols, including mono-phenols and bis-phenols. The anti-oxidant may be present in an amount of up to 3 wt% based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • One or more of the following additives may also be present in the gas engine lubricating oil composition: pour point depressants such as poly(meth)acrylates or alkyl aromatic polymers; anti-foaming agents such as silicone anti-foaming agents; viscosity index improvers such as olefin copolymers; dyes; metal deactivators such as aryl thiazines, triazoles or alkyl substituted dimercapto thiadiazoles; and demulsifiers.
  • pour point depressants such as poly(meth)acrylates or alkyl aromatic polymers
  • anti-foaming agents such as silicone anti-foaming agents
  • viscosity index improvers such as olefin copolymers
  • dyes such as olefin copolymers
  • metal deactivators such as aryl thiazines, triazoles or alkyl substituted dimercapto thiadiazoles
  • demulsifiers demulsifiers
  • the additive package may be added simultaneously to the base oil to form the gas engine lubricating oil composition. Dissolution of the additive package into the lubricating oil may be facilitated by solvents and by mixing accompanied with mild heating.
  • the additive package will typically be formulated to contain the detergent in proper amounts to provide the desired concentration, and/or to carry out the intended function in the final formulation when the additive package is combined with a predetermined amount of base lubricant.
  • the additive package may contain active ingredients in an amount, based on the additive package, of, for example, from 2.5 to 90, preferably from 5 to 75, most preferably from 8 to 60, wt% of additives in the appropriate proportions, the remainder being base oil.
  • the final formulations may typically contain about 5 to 40 wt%, preferably 5 to 12 wt%, of the additive package, the remainder being base oil.
  • Gas engine lubricating oil compositions identified in Table 1 were prepared by heating the components together at 60°C for 30 minutes while stirring.
  • Table 1 Example 1
  • Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4
  • Detergent 64 BN Calcium Salicylate 5.20 5.20 5.20
  • Anti-wear ZDDP 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 Anti-oxidant, alkylated diphenylamine 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 Dispersant, unborated PIBSA-PAM 3.00 3.00 Borated Dispersant, borated PIBSA-PAM 3.00 3.00 Anti-foamant, polydimethyl siloxane 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Anti-rust, benzotriazole 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Group I base oil, APE 150, available from ExxonMobil 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 Group I base oil, APE 600, available from ExxonMobil 69.80 Group II base oil, Star 12, available from Motiva 89.80 Group II base oil, RLOP, available from Che
  • the base numbers (BN) were determined using ASTM 2896-98; and the ash contents were determined using ASTM D 874-00.
  • the gas engine lubricating oil compositions were subjected to the Panel Coker Test.
  • This test involves splashing a gas engine lubricating oil composition on to a heated test panel to see if the oil degrades and leaves any deposits that might affect engine performance.
  • the test uses a panel coker tester (model PK-S) supplied by Yoshida Kagaku Kikai Co, Osaka, Japan. The test starts by heating the gas engine lubricating oil composition to a temperature of 100oC through an oil bath.
  • a splasher splashes the gas engine lubricating oil composition on to the heated test panel in a discontinuous mode: the splasher splashes the oil for 15 seconds and then stops for 45 seconds.
  • the discontinuous splashing takes place over 1 hour, after which the test is stopped, everything is allowed to cool down, and then the aluminium test panel is weighed and rated visually.
  • the difference in weight of the aluminium test panel before and after the test, expressed in mg, is the weight of deposits.
  • the visual rating is made from 0 to 10, with 0 being for a completely black panel and 10 being for a completely clean panel.
  • Comparative Examples 5 and 6 were also prepared and compared to Examples 1 and 2. Comparative Examples 5 and 6 both included a calcium salicylate having a TBN of 168 rather than a calcium salicylate having a TBN of 64. Table 3 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 5 Comparative Example 6 Detergent, 64 BN Calcium Salicylate 5.20 5.20 Detergent, 168 BN Calcium Salicylate 1.98 5.20 Anti-wear, ZDDP 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 Anti-oxidant, alkylated diphenylamine 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 Borated Dispersant, borated PIBSA-PAM 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Anti-foamant, polydimethyl siloxane 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Anti-rust, benzotriazole 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Group I base oil, APE 150, available from ExxonMobil 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 Group II base oil, Star 12, available from Motiva 89.80 93.03 89.80 Group II base oil
  • Table 4 below shows that Comparative Examples 5 and 6 produced more deposits than Examples 1 and 2.
  • Table 4 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 5 Comparative Example 6 Deposits (mg), Panel Coker Test 13.7 12.7 48.9 127.2

Claims (9)

  1. Gasmotorschmierölzusammensetzung mit einem Borgehalt von mehr als 95 ppm, die:
    - eine größere Menge Schmieröl mit einem Viskositätsindex von 80 bis 120, enthaltend mindestens 90 Mass.% gesättigte Verbindungen und 0,03 Mass.% oder weniger Schwefel, und
    - mindestens ein Metallsalicylat mit einer TBN von 60 bis 140, bestimmt gemäß ASTM 2896-98, umfasst.
  2. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Metallsalicylat komplexes/Hybrid-Metalldetergens ist.
  3. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Metallsalicylat ausgewählt ist aus Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetallen.
  4. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Metall in dem Metallsalicylat ausgewählt ist aus Calcium, Barium, Natrium, Lithium, Kalium oder Magnesium.
  5. Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Metallsalicylat Calciumsalicylat ist.
  6. Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Borgehalt 95 bis 400 ppm, vorzugsweise 100 bis 400 ppm und insbesondere 105 bis 170 ppm beträgt.
  7. Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Bor entweder durch ein boriertes Metallsalicylat oder ein boriertes Dispergiermittel bereitgestellt wird.
  8. Verfahren zum Schmieren eines Gasmotors, das das Betreiben des Gasmotors umfasst, während er mit der Gasmotorschmierölzusammensetzung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 geschmiert wird.
  9. Verwendung der Gasmotorschmierölzusammensetzung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 als Schmiermittel in einem Gasmotor zur Verminderung der Bildung von Ablagerungen.
EP03250850A 2002-03-12 2003-02-12 Schmierölzuammensetzung für Gasmotoren Expired - Lifetime EP1347034B1 (de)

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JP4578115B2 (ja) * 2004-02-04 2010-11-10 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 潤滑油組成物
ES2717752T3 (es) 2013-12-05 2019-06-25 Infineum Int Ltd Una composición de aceite lubricante para motores de gas
CN114774184B (zh) * 2022-04-13 2023-03-17 新乡市瑞丰新材料股份有限公司 一种含高碱值硼酸盐的燃气发动机油复合剂及其制备方法

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DE69617761T2 (de) * 1995-02-01 2002-08-08 Lubrizol Corp Schmiermittelzusammensetzung mit geringem Aschegehalt
JP4028614B2 (ja) * 1997-02-03 2007-12-26 東燃ゼネラル石油株式会社 潤滑油組成物
US6451745B1 (en) * 1999-05-19 2002-09-17 The Lubrizol Corporation High boron formulations for fluids continuously variable transmissions
JP2001158896A (ja) * 1999-12-02 2001-06-12 Chevron Oronite Ltd ガスエンジンの潤滑に特に有効な内燃機関用潤滑油組成物
US6140282A (en) * 1999-12-15 2000-10-31 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Long life lubricating oil composition using particular detergent mixture

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