EP1342306A1 - Machine electrique multiphase - Google Patents

Machine electrique multiphase

Info

Publication number
EP1342306A1
EP1342306A1 EP01978152A EP01978152A EP1342306A1 EP 1342306 A1 EP1342306 A1 EP 1342306A1 EP 01978152 A EP01978152 A EP 01978152A EP 01978152 A EP01978152 A EP 01978152A EP 1342306 A1 EP1342306 A1 EP 1342306A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
phase
machine according
electrical machine
coils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01978152A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Reutlinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1342306A1 publication Critical patent/EP1342306A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-phase electrical machine with a stator and a rotor according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a traveling field or rotating field is usually generated in the stator or in the rotor of the machine by a multi-phase winding, with which the rotor of the machine is driven during motor operation or the electromotive force (EMF) is induced in generator mode in the stator of the machine becomes.
  • the multi-phase winding is arranged in the slots of a stator or rotor laminated core.
  • the conductors of the multiphase winding mostly have a rectangular cross section in order to achieve a high slot filling factor.
  • the electrical machines can work as a synchronous machine, asynchronous machine or according to another principle such as a reluctance or hysteresis machine.
  • the part of the machine that the carrying multi-phase winding is called an anchor.
  • the ratio of the bare winding cross section in a slot to the bare slot cross section is referred to as the slot filling factor.
  • the insulation layer of the individual conductors must have at least the dielectric strength of the maximum voltage applied to the winding.
  • the so-called winding head projects relatively far beyond the laminated core of the armature on both sides, since the coils overlap there.
  • a traveling field machine in which an armature winding with a rectangular cross section of the individual conductors of the winding is accommodated in the slots of the stator or rotor to increase the slot filling factor.
  • the ratio of the thickness of a coil in the area of the slot to its thickness in the area of the winding head is the product of the number of phases of the traveling field machine and corresponds to the useful number of each coil.
  • the present invention strives to improve the power density in the armature in the case of conductors with reduced thickness in the area of the end windings in that the specific power loss at the end windings corresponds approximately to the specific power loss in the slots.
  • the multiphase electrical machine according to the invention with the features of the main claim has the advantage that, with the cross-section of the coils in the slot and winding head area unchanged, the power loss in these areas is also equalized. This enables a higher power density of the electrical machine to be achieved than in the prior art.
  • the width of the conductors in the region of the winding heads to the width in the region of the slots is advantageously chosen such that their ratio, irrespective of the number of uses per coil, is only the number of those on the winding head covering coils.
  • the width of the conductors at the end windings is three times as large as the width of the conductors in the slots.
  • the conductors of a slot in the area of the end windings are combined into coils and guided together around the coils of the other slots.
  • the conductors of a slot on the winding heads are no longer combined to form coils, but rather that the turns of the coil of one phase strand are layered one on top of the other with one turn of the adjacent coil of another phase strand, so that the slots are inserted next to one another in individual slots Push coils through each other on their winding heads.
  • the turns in the area of the grooves are advantageously formed as rod-shaped conductors and in the area of the winding overhangs as sheet-metal connecting tabs.
  • connecting straps are layered one above the other in a circumferential direction from slot to slot after next slot, the step size of the turns being an odd number of at least three, preferably five slot spacings.
  • the connecting tabs of the windings on at least one of the two winding heads are produced in their cross-sectional shape, which is changed in the grooves compared to the conductor bars.
  • each of the connecting lugs is advantageously connected to the rod-shaped conductor of one turn at its one end in the upper region and at its other end End connected in the lower area with another rod-shaped conductor of a turn.
  • the connecting tabs each connect the two conductor bars of one turn to one another on the one winding head
  • the individual turns of a coil and the coils of a winding strand are advantageously connected to one another by a connecting tab on the other winding head.
  • the ends of the phase strands are also arranged on this other winding head. This has the advantage that with the same winding structure and unchanged winding head on the one side on the other winding head, several coils of a phase strand can be connected in series or in parallel and that the phase strands are also to be connected to a star or delta connection there.
  • turns consists in that they each consist of a hairpin-shaped, from one side of the stator and / or rotor inserted into the respective two grooves, with the other side of the stator and / or rotor on the protruding there
  • Each end of the winding part is welded to a connection lens for interconnecting the windings or the coils, with the exception of the ends of the phase strands.
  • FIG. 1 shows the circuit diagram of a three-phase generator for motor vehicles
  • FIG. 2 shows the winding diagram of the three-phase stator winding of the generator from FIG. 1 as a loop winding
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of the stator laminated core with part of the three-phase winding from FIG. 2 in a spatial representation
  • FIG. 4 shows a prefabricated turn of a coil of the three-phase winding according to FIG. 3,
  • Figure 5 shows an alternative to Figure 3 embodiment of a winding head of the three-phase winding in a stretched representation as a section
  • Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the three-phase winding as a shaft winding
  • FIG. 1 the circuit diagram of a three-phase generator for motor vehicles is designated 10. It comprises a rotor 11, for example in a claw-pole design with a direct current excitation winding 12, the current intensity of which is regulated by a controller 13 depending on the load.
  • a three-phase three-phase winding 14 is accommodated in the stator of the generator 10, the three phases of which are connected to a bridge rectifier 15.
  • the bridge rectifier 15 is connected to ground with one output and to the positive terminal 16 of the generator with its other output.
  • An accumulator battery, not shown, of a motor vehicle for supplying a motor vehicle electrical system is connected to the positive terminal 16.
  • FIG 2 shows the schematic structure of the three-phase three-phase winding 14 in the stator core 17 of the Three-phase generator 10.
  • the three-phase winding 14 consists of the three phases R, S and T, the coils of phase R being continuous, those of phase S being dashed and those of phase T being dash-dotted.
  • the three phases form three phase strands in the three-phase winding with the ends UX for the phase R, the ends VY for the phase S and with the ends WZ for the phase T.
  • Each of these three phase strands of the three-phase winding 14 in turn consists of two coil groups with the ends Ul-Xl and U2-X2 or Vl-Yl and V2-Y2 or Wl-Zl and W2-Z2.
  • each of the six coil groups consists of two coils.
  • For phase R these are coils 18, 19, 20 and 21.
  • Coils 18 and 21 and coils 19 and 20 are each connected in series to form a coil group.
  • the coils of phases S and T are connected in series in a corresponding manner.
  • Figure 2 shows a four-pole three-phase winding, in which the step size of the individual coils is five slots.
  • the number of holes or number of slots per pole and phase is two.
  • a pair of poles (2p) thus comprises 12 slots.
  • the three-phase winding 14 is designed here as a loop winding.
  • FIG. 3 shows in a section of the stator core with its grooves 22 for receiving the three-phase winding 14, the novel structure of a winding head with the mutual penetration of the individual coils.
  • each of the coils comprises four turns 23 arranged one above the other in a groove.
  • the lower of the four turns 23 can be seen in FIG. 4 in a spatial representation.
  • the turns 23 consist of conductors 24, for example made of copper.
  • the conductor thickness d1 in the region of the grooves 14 is greater than the conductor thickness d2 in the region of the end windings 25.
  • the ratio Its thickness d1 to d2 corresponds to the number of coils 18 overlapping on the winding head 23.
  • the conductor cross section of the turns 23 in the area of the slots 22 and the end windings 25 is of the same size or essentially the same size.
  • the width b2 of the conductor 24 in the region of the end windings 25 and the width b1 in the region of the grooves 22 must now be in a ratio which corresponds to the number of coils overlapping on the end winding 25 , It follows from this that the turns in the area of the winding overhang 25 in this exemplary embodiment are three times as wide as in the area of the grooves 22.
  • the thickness of the turns 23 in the area of the winding overhangs 25 is one third of the thickness of the turns in the area of the slots 22.
  • the width of the turns 23 in the area of the grooves is one third of the width of the turns in the area of the winding overhangs 25.
  • the connecting lugs 24b are continuously layered one above the other in a circumferential direction 26 from one groove 22a to the next but one groove. In order to create the space required for each connecting lug in this type of layering, it is provided that the connecting lugs 24b are bent radially from the inside outwards in steps 24c from one groove 22a to the next groove 22c by their thickness.
  • a relatively simple and safe production and assembly of the windings 23 in the stator core 17 can be realized in that each of the windings 23 consists of a hairpin-shaped winding part 23a which is prefabricated from one side of the stand and inserted into the respective two grooves 22a, 22b.
  • the connecting lug 24b of this winding part 23a is produced in its cross-sectional shape, which is modified in the grooves 22 compared to the conductor bars 24a, by embossing.
  • the ends 23b of the hairpin-shaped winding part 23a protrude from the grooves 22a and 22b.
  • a further connecting lug 27, separately produced by stamping can be welded for connection to the next winding part 23a inserted in the groove.
  • a prefabricated coil end 28 can also be welded to the free end 23b of the winding part 23a.
  • the coil end 28 can be used to connect a coil group or a phase strand or to a phase strand end.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown.
  • the embodiment of the three-phase winding 14 shown in FIG. 2 as a loop winding can also be designed as a wave winding.
  • the connecting lug 27 shown in FIG. 4 would be pivoted in the opposite winding direction for the same coil width.
  • a higher number of poles with a correspondingly larger number of poles can also be realized with the same type of winding.
  • more or fewer slots than the two slots selected here can be used per pole.
  • two or four winding strands could also be implemented.
  • the thickness of the connecting straps on the end windings must decrease and the axial extent through the width of the connecting straps must increase. This then increasingly results in a constriction with an increased current density in the transition of the conductor bars in the grooves to the connecting tabs.
  • All winding connections and coil connections are advantageously arranged on one and the same end face of the armature. However, it is equally possible, if necessary, to distribute the connection ends and strand connections over both winding heads. If necessary, the connections on a yoke side can be led to a junction box or can be combined in a ring line on the end face of the stator yoke.
  • FIG. 6 shows, as a further alternative, the three-phase winding 14 as a wave winding.
  • the individual windings are divided into a hairpin-shaped part 23a and one Connection tab 27 according to Figure 4 is no longer absolutely necessary.
  • With correspondingly wide slot slots in the laminated core 17, it is now also possible to completely prefabricate the individual phase strands and then, starting from the beginnings U, V and W, the first loop of each phase at a distance of two grooves from one another and with a step width of 3 Insert grooves (number of uses per pole 1) in grooves 1, 3 and 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine (10) électrique multiphase comprenant un stator et un rotor. Dans les encoches (22) du stator et/ou du rotor se trouve un enroulement multiphase doté de têtes de bobines (25) faciales pour créer un champ magnétique rotatif et un champ à ondes progressives. Le bobinage est constitué d'enroulements (23), regroupés en bobines (18), lesquelles sont montées en conducteurs de phases. Les conducteurs (24) des enroulements ont une section transversale sensiblement rectangulaire afin de créer un facteur de remplissage des encoches élevé. Le rapport existant entre l'épaisseur des conducteurs dans la zone des encoches et l'épaisseur dans la zone de leurs têtes de bobines bilatérales correspond au nombre des bobines se superposant au niveau de la tête. La section transversale des conducteurs est la même dans la zone des encoches et des têtes de bobines.
EP01978152A 2000-12-08 2001-09-19 Machine electrique multiphase Withdrawn EP1342306A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000161045 DE10061045A1 (de) 2000-12-08 2000-12-08 Mehrphasige elektrische Maschine
DE10061045 2000-12-08
PCT/DE2001/003595 WO2002047239A1 (fr) 2000-12-08 2001-09-19 Machine electrique multiphase

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1342306A1 true EP1342306A1 (fr) 2003-09-10

Family

ID=7666275

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01978152A Withdrawn EP1342306A1 (fr) 2000-12-08 2001-09-19 Machine electrique multiphase

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1342306A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10061045A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002047239A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4688003B2 (ja) 2007-03-05 2011-05-25 株式会社デンソー 回転電機の固定子およびそれを用いた回転電機
DE102007021737A1 (de) * 2007-05-09 2008-11-20 Compact Dynamics Gmbh Wanderfeldmaschine
DE102008052045A1 (de) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Linearmotor
DE102009001846A1 (de) 2009-03-25 2010-09-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Verbindung paarweiser Einzelleiter und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
ES2423801T3 (es) * 2010-12-15 2013-09-24 Infranor Holding S.A. Motor síncrono con imanes permanentes
JP5982786B2 (ja) * 2011-11-02 2016-08-31 住友電気工業株式会社 コイル、該コイルを用いてなるステータ及び前記コイルの製造方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4411749C2 (de) * 1994-04-06 1996-08-29 Wolfgang Hill Mehrphasige elektrische Maschine mit zusammengefügten Leitersträngen
DE19720484A1 (de) * 1997-05-16 1998-11-19 Baumueller Nuernberg Gmbh Elektrische Maschine, insbesondere Drehstrommaschine mit stromleitender Wicklung
DE19736645C2 (de) * 1997-08-22 1999-12-02 Gruendl & Hoffmann Wanderfeldmaschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0247239A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10061045A1 (de) 2002-06-27
WO2002047239A1 (fr) 2002-06-13

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