EP1338349B1 - Vorrichtung zum Darbieten von Informationsinhalten - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Darbieten von Informationsinhalten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1338349B1 EP1338349B1 EP03001074A EP03001074A EP1338349B1 EP 1338349 B1 EP1338349 B1 EP 1338349B1 EP 03001074 A EP03001074 A EP 03001074A EP 03001074 A EP03001074 A EP 03001074A EP 1338349 B1 EP1338349 B1 EP 1338349B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- capillary
- means according
- capillaries
- cleaning
- self
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F7/00—Signs, name or number plates, letters, numerals, or symbols; Panels or boards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
- B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
- B08B17/06—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for presenting information content on detection areas, such as road signs, signposts, Advertising signs, number plates, etc. according to the characteristics of Preamble of claim 1.
- EP-B-0 772 514 discloses self-cleaning surfaces of articles known to be an artificial surface structure of elevations and recesses of a kind, wherein the distance between the Elevations in the range of 5 microns to 200 microns and the height of the surveys in the range of 5 microns to 100 microns. In addition, it should at least the elevations of hydrophobic polymers or durable hydrophobicized Materials are made and the bumps are not water or be removable by water with detergents.
- From DE 199 23 175 A is a method for coating a plastic carrier plate known with the following process steps: Applying a stamping foil at least on a viewer facing Side surface of the plastic carrier plate, wherein the stamping foil has an adhesive layer, a surface layer and a cover sheet, joining the Embossing foil with the plastic carrier plate under the influence of pressure and Heat in a stamping process and peel off the cover sheet, so that the coated surface of the plastic carrier plate through the surface layer is formed, wherein the surface layer with hydrophobic and / or hydrophobized material existing structural elements in one Height of up to 100 microns and a distance of up to 200 microns to each other is trained.
- the known solution relates to a display element, comprising a coated carrier plate described above, the surface layer being a self-cleaning surface, which is preferably additionally scratch-resistant and / or anti-reflection properties having.
- the pertinent method and the associated production the display element are complicated and therefore costly.
- DE-A-199 43 299 is a surface for an object with an artificially produced basic structure from a first type of surveys known, the first type of surveys to form demarcated areas is part of a second type of survey, to which the first kind of surveys is arranged.
- the second kind of surveys is convex, so that a self-cleaning surface is created, which is a very good repellency for contamination having.
- the structures mentioned can be manufactured preferably obtained via structural rolls, but with a corresponding Expense is connected, which leads to high production costs.
- EP-A-1 063 071 discloses a polymer article, in particular vehicle tires, known with a textured surface that is visible, either at least a part of the surface is corrugated in such a way that the Distance from Riffelgrat to Riffelgrat between 4 microns and 40 microns or at least a part of the surface is knobbed in such a way that the Distance from nub tip to nub tip between 5 ⁇ m and 60 ⁇ m is.
- Due to the known microscopic shape of surfaces with Micro surveys - corrugations or burls - one is capable of one to ensure very good self-cleaning effect. This effect is primarily based on the special dimensioning and in such a way on the well-known Microelevations. This adjusts the effect that dirt particles in the known solution only on the tips or ridges of the micro surveys come to sit and thus very little contact, say Adhesive surface, have to the ground.
- the invention has the object based on creating a surface with a respect to the known Solutions improved cleaning grade for soiling and the In addition, in a cost effective manner their production in the large industrial Scale allows such devices for presenting informational content on detection surfaces from permanent contamination to protect.
- a task solves a surface with the features of claim 1 in its entirety.
- the respective structure is formed of a stem part, at its free End of at least one capillary flows into the open, and has or develops a capillary action at the quotient of capillary K and Adhesion work A is greater than 1 is thus an elevated Abthesesgrad achievable over the known solutions, and Nevertheless, the pertinent device can be very cost-effective Received manner.
- the capillary structures with their capillaries a so-called. Negative heights rise on, i. Liquid is forced out of the capillaries. This is especially true for liquids whose contact angle is on the structured surface between 90 ° and 180 °.
- the effect of the Capillaries at the surface is through the capillary work K and the adhesion work A described. Since the capillary work K drops the structure draws; the adhesion work A, on the other hand, admits the drop in the structure Hold searches, allows the choice of the quotient for the two mentioned Work greater than 1, that the drop, as far as he wetting in the capillary opening penetrates, an opposite force undergoes the self-cleaning allows.
- the respective structure has or forms a capillary whose average capillary radius r K is smaller than the radius r T of the smallest water drop occurring in the environment, in particular raindrops.
- the selected capillary radii r K be smaller than the radius of the smallest environmentally occurring raindrop r T.
- the drop of rain falling raindrop is considered, which can break or burst on impact on any surface in several small drops.
- the capillary radius r K of the self-cleaning structured surface must be r k ⁇ r T , so that a small drop does not fall into the structure and thus no negative rise in the capillaries is achieved.
- different capillary radii then result due to the corresponding liquid properties. If the capillary action is generated by other geometric structures than tubes, such as by pyramidal, conical or frustoconical supernatants, a mean or average capillary radius r K is to be determined for these structures in their interpretation.
- the Device consists at least in part of hydrophilic materials, in particular of plastic materials, such as thermoplastics and thermosets, in particular in the form of polyvinyl chloride, polyterephthalate, polymethylmethacrylate or polyamide.
- hydrophilic materials in particular of plastic materials, such as thermoplastics and thermosets, in particular in the form of polyvinyl chloride, polyterephthalate, polymethylmethacrylate or polyamide.
- the basic structure for the Surface is formed of a hydrophilic plastic material, that is Material attracts water and absorbs moisture, so that due to the Water molecules or moisture in the material a kind of protective or Separating layer is formed on the surface, with improved dirt-repellent Properties.
- Adhesives in question such as hotmelts based on rubber or polyolefins.
- Acrylates which are suitable both from aqueous dispersion or from. are suitable the solution can be applied.
- adhesives are also monomers and oligomers which are radiation-crosslinkable.
- recognition surface directly in the Form the type of surface shown, in which case the recognition content to be applied to the thus modified recognition surface, for example, by spraying, knife coating, printing and the like more.
- a plurality of capillaries can be introduced into the free ends of the respective stem part. If the stem parts are so close to each other that capillaries are likewise formed by the intermediate spaces thus obtained, an increased degree of cleaning can be achieved in this way. It may also be sufficient to introduce the respective capillary only into the basic structures.
- Fig. 1 is an apparatus for presenting information contents represented on a recognition surface in the form of a signpost, the Inventor points the way to the Patent Office. Is the pertinent signpost now exposed to environmental pollution is at least long term with it to calculate that his information content is not or only difficult recognizable, so that an inventor then not only has problems with the complex Patent law, but does not even find its way to the Patent Office. Although it is possible from time to time to find the relevant signpost, for example, by hand, to clean off; the latter is however with appropriate Costs and efforts connected.
- inventive Teaching offers a possibility that the signpost and thus the device for presenting information content on recognition surfaces can cleanse oneself.
- the recognition area 10 of the signpost 12 to be provided with a surface 14, as they are the subject of representation 2 to 6 is.
- Another possibility is the recognition surface 10 immediately as the surface 14 with the dirt-repellent To train the effect.
- the surface 14 is an artificially produced Basic structure 16 and is provided with further structures 18, which act self-cleaning, wherein the respective structure 18 has a capillary action has or unfolds at which the quotient of capillary work K and adhesion work A is greater than 1.
- the lateral side view of the surface shown in FIG. 2 particularly comprises the artificially producible structure 16 with structures 18 arranged thereon, which are formed in the manner of cylindrical stem parts 20.
- a capillary 22 is centrally introduced, which opens with its capillary 24 into the open air.
- the mentioned stem parts 20 as structures 18 can be close to each other in a plurality of arrangements on the base structure 10 and are connected to this preferably einstükkig.
- the basic structure 16 may be formed in the manner of a film, preferably in a flexible embodiment. If the pertinent film structure is made correspondingly thin, the film can also biaxially stretch or stretch and can also assume their original position due to their elasticity.
- the surface 14 can also be defined on complex-shaped three-dimensional objects of any kind.
- the surface 14 shown in FIG. 2 is reproduced greatly enlarged and both the basic structure 16 and the further structures 18 can form microstructures, also in the nanometer range.
- the respective structure 18 having a capillary 22 has, from the side of the capillary opening 24, a capillary radius r K which is smaller than the radius r T of the smallest water drop occurring in the environment, in particular raindrops.
- the structured surface 14 shown in FIG. 1 is self-cleaning.
- the structuring is described as an arrangement of individual capillary 22.
- a negative rise height in the capillaries 22 must be achieved, ie, liquid is forced out of the capillaries 22. This applies to liquids whose contact angle on the structured surface 14 is between 90 ° and 180 °.
- the effect of the capillaries on the surface can be described by the capillary work K and the adhesion work A.
- the capillary work K pulls the drop out of the structure; the adhesion work A holds the drop in the structure.
- the aim of the structure design is that by the appropriate choice of Kapillarradius R K, the quotient K / A> 1. If r T is greater than r K , then the drop is distributed over several capillaries, so that: r T r K , K A > 1
- K ⁇ h K 2 ⁇ r K 2 ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇
- A ( ⁇ lg + ⁇ sg - ⁇ sl ) 8th 3 ⁇ . r T 3 r K With ⁇ surface tensions r K capillary ⁇ lg liquid-gas h K Rising height in the capillary ⁇ sg solid-gas ⁇ Density of the liquid ⁇ sl solid-liquid G Gravitational acceleration (9.81 ms -2 ). r T Radius of the drop
- capillary-like further structures can be opposite to Representation of FIG. 2 in the basic structure 16 also recessed or be part of concave and / or convex surveys relative to the basic structure 16.
- the drop lies on the structured surface, the drop lies over capillaries 22 and for self-cleaning case B is interesting, in which the liquid against the force of gravity up from the Capillary 22 is pressed in the raised drops.
- the rise height h K in the capillary 22 has a negative value in case B. All sizes in the formula for the rise are positive. Only the cosine of the contact angle ⁇ becomes negative for the condition: 90 ° ⁇ ⁇ 180 °.
- Adhesion work A over the contact surface F ( ⁇ lg + ⁇ sg - ⁇ sl ) 8th 3 ⁇ r T 3 r k
- the capillary work must be greater than the adhesion work, so that the drop not touched the capillary, but the drop from the wells is sucked and rests on the surface, which is the most advantageous Self-cleaning results.
- the quotient K / A is calculated.
- Surface consists of hydrophilic materials, in particular of plastic materials in the form of polyvinyl chloride, polyterephthalate, polymethylmethacrylate or polyamide.
- hydrophilic materials draw moisture into the basic structure and thus form a protective layer against the impact of aqueous contaminants.
- plastic materials can also be other networked structures, especially in the form of acrylate material or those materials that prove to be biodegradable.
- the surface starting material according to Figure 2 can be by the method obtained according to DE 198 28 856 C1.
- a mold required in the manner of a screen roller with the very large number the openings of the screen by etching, electroplating or by laser processing is obtained.
- the sieve is placed on a sieve or a structure roll applied and a Gegenhaltewalze, the rotates counter to the structure of roller, a so-called.
- Chill-roll process can be perform in which an extruded plastic material through the gap is guided between the two rollers and the stem parts 20 arise in the openings of the screen roller.
- Stem parts 20 can be packed in a very high packing density with the mentioned method arrange on the basic structure 16 and otherwise very small-scale form.
- FIG.2ff Another method of manufacturing the surface 14 according to the embodiments After Fig.2ff can be achieved by the structure of individual Finest plastic material droplets, which at selected locations one after the other be deposited, with virtually any small format sizes or achieve packing densities without a corresponding complicated training of molds would be required. So can be controlled by the locations of the deposits of plastic droplets, which by corresponding relative movements between applicator and a substrate carrying the deposit, preferably computer-controlled takes place without difficulty, with any geometries can be generated. Furthermore, it is possible to produce shapes that are common Forming tools such as screen rollers, hardly or not at all feasible. Furthermore, the respective method can be readily determined by the method Generate capillary opening 24 in the stem sub-material.
- the applicator used here are nozzle assemblies that are in the high-speed process are able to carry out the material order. Only droplets the size of a few Piktolitern are on the sheet-like base structure material 16 applied. Furthermore let During the order process, clock frequencies of several kHz can be achieved and The structure takes place successively, by the respective preceding, applied Plastic material is cured directly, for example by means of UV radiation or the like.
- the pertinent droplet application method is in the subsequently published DE 101 06 705.4 described in detail.
- the basic structure 16 with its further structures 18 may be in the nature of a sheet material be trained; but there is also the immediate possibility of the capillaries 22 in the film-like surface 14 at least from one side contribute. Furthermore, there is the possibility of the recognition surface 10 even form in the manner of the described surface 14, wherein then the dahankende recognition surface 10 finally with the information content to be provided, for example by a conventional application device, like spraying or the like ..
- the aforementioned capillaries 22 with their capillary openings 24 can be also obtained via a removal process, for example by means of laser or Waterjet cutting. Also a mechanical entry via drills od. Like. is possible.
- the surface 14 is preferably transparent and is with the top of the recognition surface 10 by means of a conventional transparent Adhesive connected.
- a conventional transparent Adhesive connected Preferably, rubber-based hotmelts are used or polyolefins application.
- acrylates can be applied be applied both from aqueous dispersion or from the solution are.
- monomers and oligomers possible, which are radiation crosslinkable.
- Fig.4 are frontally the respective Stem parts 20 provided with a plurality of conically extending capillaries 22 and on the side of the base structure 16 facing the stem parts 20 has these in an alternating sequence cylindrical capillary 22 and tapered.
- the smaller conical capillaries 22 in the sum in any case give a total capillary whose mean Kapillarradius is chosen such that the resulting therefrom quotient Capillary work K and adhesion work A in any case greater than 1, to the To ensure self-cleaning.
- the basic structure 16 preferably has a thickness of 10 .mu.m to 50 .mu.m and the capillary depth is preferably greater than 5 ⁇ m.
- the capillary radius is preferably chosen larger than 5 ⁇ m.
- capillaries within the meaning of the invention are all tubes or elongated voids (pores) with very small inside diameters suitable.
- a manufacturing plastic material are also particularly crosslinkable polyacrylates.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Description
Dabei zeigen in prinzipieller und nicht maßstäblicher Darstellung die
- Fig.1
- eine Vorrichtung zum Darbieten eines Informationsinhaltes, hier in Form eines Wegweisers "Zum Patentamt";
- Fig.2 bis 4
- verschiedene Ausführungsformen von selbstabreinigenden und schmutzabweisenden Oberflächen.
Für die Adhäsionsarbeit A für zylinderförmige Kapillare gilt:
σ | Oberflächenspannungen | rK | Kapillarradius |
σlg | flüssig-gas | hK | Steighöhe in der Kapillare |
σsg | fest-gas | ρ | Dichte der Flüssigkeit |
σsl | fest-flüssig | g | Erdbeschleunigung (9,81 ms-2). |
rT | Radius des Tropfens |
- σlg:
- Oberflächenspannung der Flüssigkeit
- g:
- Erdbeschleunigung (9,81 ms-2)
- ρ:
- Dichte der Flüssigkeit
- v:
- Fallgeschwindigkeit.
Sofern man die Kapillaren 22 als Strukturen einsetzt, ist die Wirkung der Kapillarkräfte auf eine Flüssigkeit in beide Richtungen zu beobachten:
mit:
- σ:
- Oberflächenspannungen
- σlg:
- flüssig-gas
- σsg:
- fest-gas
- σsl:
- fest-flüssig
- :
- Kontaktwinkel zwischen Flüssigkeit und Festkörperoberfläche
- ρ:
- Dichte der Flüssigkeit
- g:
- 9,81 ms-2 (Erdbeschleunigung)
- rK:
- Radius der Kapillare 22.
- ':
- Kontaktwinkel der rauhen Oberfläche
- :
- Kontaktwinkel der glatten Oberfläche
- k:
- Rauhigkeitskoeffizient (> 1).
Zum rechnerischen Vergleich werden nicht die Kräfte sondern Kapillararbeit und Adhäsionsarbeit berechnet.
Claims (10)
- Vorrichtung zum Darbieten von Informationsinhalten auf Erkennungsflächen (10), wie Straßenverkehrsschildern, Wegweisern, Reklameschildern, Nummernschildern etc., wobei, die jeweilige Vorrichtung mit einer Oberfläche (14) mit einer künstlich herstellbaren Grundstruktur (16) und mit weiteren Strukturen (18) versehen ist oder eine solche Oberfläche (14) selbst ausbildet, die selbstabreinigend wirken dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die jeweilige Struktur (18) aus einem Stengelteil (20) gebildet ist, an dessen freiem Ende mindestens eine Kapillare (22) ins Freie mündet, und eine Kapillarwirkung aufweist oder entfaltet, bei der der Quotient aus Kapillarbeit K und Adhäsionsarbeit A gröβer als 1 ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei daß die jeweilige Struktur (18) eine Kapillare (22) aufweist oder bildet, deren mittlerer Kapillarradius kleiner ist als der Radius des kleinsten in der Umwelt auftretenden Wassertropfens, in Form eines Regentropfens.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei daß die Oberfläche (14) zumindest teilweise aus hydrophilen Materialien besteht.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei, daß die hydrophilen Materialien aus Thermoplasten und Duroplasten gebildet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Thermoplasten und Duroplasten aus Polyvinylchlorid, Polyterephthalat, Polymethylmethacrylat oder Polyamid bestehen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei daß die Oberfläche (14) mit der Erkennungsfläche (10) über einen durchsichtigen Klebstoff verbunden ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, wobei Klebstoffe dienenHotmelts auf Kautschukbasis oder Polyolefinen,Acrylate, oderMonomere und Oligomere,
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei stirnseitig in das jeweils freie Ende des Stengelteils (20) mehrere Kapillare (22) eingebracht sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die Stengelteile (20) derart dicht beieinander stehen, daß durch die derart erhaltenen Zwischenräume gleichfalls die Kapillare (22) gebildet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei daß die Grundstruktur (16) gleichfalls Kapillare (22) aufweist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10207193 | 2002-02-21 | ||
DE10207193A DE10207193A1 (de) | 2002-02-21 | 2002-02-21 | Vorrichtung zum Darbieten von Informationsinhalten auf Erkennungsflächen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1338349A1 EP1338349A1 (de) | 2003-08-27 |
EP1338349B1 true EP1338349B1 (de) | 2005-12-14 |
Family
ID=27635210
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03001074A Expired - Lifetime EP1338349B1 (de) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-01-18 | Vorrichtung zum Darbieten von Informationsinhalten |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1338349B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE312671T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10207193A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1338349T3 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2023711B1 (de) † | 2006-06-03 | 2014-08-20 | OVD Kinegram AG | Insektenschutzfolie |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19923175A1 (de) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-11-23 | Borsi Kg F | Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Kunststoffträgerplatte und diese umfassendes Displayelement |
DE19928863A1 (de) * | 1999-06-24 | 2001-01-04 | Continental Ag | Fahrzeugreifen |
DE29911349U1 (de) * | 1999-06-30 | 2000-11-16 | Witte Plusprint Druckmedien Gm | Plakette, insbesondere Zulassungs-, Prüf-, Siegel- oder Mautplakette für Kraftfahrzeuge |
DE19943299A1 (de) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-03-22 | Binder Gottlieb Gmbh & Co | Oberfläche für einen Gegenstand einschliesslich Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung |
AU4884801A (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-26 | Bridgestone Corporation | Display panel, and electromagnetic shielding light transmitting window material manufacturing method |
-
2002
- 2002-02-21 DE DE10207193A patent/DE10207193A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-01-18 AT AT03001074T patent/ATE312671T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-18 EP EP03001074A patent/EP1338349B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-18 DK DK03001074T patent/DK1338349T3/da active
- 2003-01-18 DE DE50301888T patent/DE50301888D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2023711B1 (de) † | 2006-06-03 | 2014-08-20 | OVD Kinegram AG | Insektenschutzfolie |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK1338349T3 (da) | 2006-04-18 |
DE10207193A1 (de) | 2003-09-25 |
ATE312671T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
EP1338349A1 (de) | 2003-08-27 |
DE50301888D1 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
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