EP1337744B1 - Four-cycle internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Four-cycle internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1337744B1
EP1337744B1 EP01998720A EP01998720A EP1337744B1 EP 1337744 B1 EP1337744 B1 EP 1337744B1 EP 01998720 A EP01998720 A EP 01998720A EP 01998720 A EP01998720 A EP 01998720A EP 1337744 B1 EP1337744 B1 EP 1337744B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crankcase
oil
lubricating oil
internal combustion
combustion engine
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EP01998720A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1337744A1 (en
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Roland Kirchberger
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M3/00—Lubrication specially adapted for engines with crankcase compression of fuel-air mixture or for other engines in which lubricant is contained in fuel, combustion air, or fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/08—Separating lubricant from air or fuel-air mixture before entry into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
    • F02B33/26—Four-stroke engines characterised by having crankcase pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder, a crankcase pump forming a crankcase, which is connected via a respective valve on the one hand to a supply line for fresh air and on the other hand to a connecting the crankcase with an inlet channel of the cylinder intake, with a a conveyor for lubricating oil arranged container for lubricating oil, comprising a crankcase and an opening provided in the intake oil separator oil circuit and with a device for injecting fuel into the intake pipe or into the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
  • the invention is therefore the object of a four-stroke internal combustion engine of the type described in such a way that despite advantageous design requirements for the crankcase pump good oil lubrication within the crankcase with a relatively small amount of oil can be ensured without adverse effects on the acceleration behavior of the engine to have to.
  • the invention solves this problem by the fact that the conveyor connected to the container has a line for injecting lubricating oil into the crankcase and that the suction line leads, bypassing the container to the oil separator.
  • Lubricating oil from an oil separator chamber of the oil separator can be returned to the container for lubricating oil via a return line, so that the oil circuit closes via this container.
  • Another possibility is to connect the oil separator to the crankcase itself via a return line from an oil separation chamber, resulting in an oil circuit comprising only the crankcase and the oil separator.
  • the connected to the container conveyor with the line for injecting lubricating oil in the crankcase is used in this case only to compensate for oil losses.
  • Essential for a low consumption of lubricating oil is a good separation of the lubricating oil from the pre-compressed combustion air flow.
  • the required high deposition rate can be advantageously ensured if the oil separator consists of a cyclone separator.
  • the lubricating oil can be injected at different locations in the crankcase, for example, components with high Lubricating demand to supply preferably with lubricating oil, there are particularly favorable injection conditions when the line for the lubricating oil is connected at least to a nozzle provided in the region of the mouth of the supply line for the fresh air. In fact, an additional distribution effect for the lubricating oil can be achieved via the fresh air flowing into the crankcase.
  • the cylinder block 1 forms the one part 2 of a crankcase 3, the other part of which is designed as a cover 4.
  • the connecting rod 7 of the piston 8 is mounted at least one cylinder 9
  • the cylinder head 10 has at least one inlet channel 11 with an inlet valve 12 and an outlet channel 13 with an outlet valve 14.
  • crankcase 3 together with the piston 8, a crankcase pump, is sucked in through the fresh air and compressed.
  • the crankcase 3 is connected via a check valve 15 to a supply line 16 for fresh air.
  • an intake 17 for the pre-compressed in the crankcase 3 combustion air via a check valve 18 at.
  • a Oil separator 19 turned on, which is designed as a cyclone separator with a ⁇ labscheidehunt 20, in which coming from the crankcase 3 branch 21 of the intake passage 17 opens tangentially, while the connecting branch 22 to the inlet channel 11 for a central air outlet from the ⁇ labscheidehunt 20 provides.
  • an injector 23 is provided for fuel, so that via the inlet channel 11, a precompressed fuel-air mixture is sucked.
  • a return line 24 leads from the ⁇ labscheidehunt 20 to a container 25 for lubricating oil, which circulates in an oil circuit comprising a loadable via a conveyor 26 line 27, which in the region of the mouth of the supply line 16 in the crankcase 3 projecting nozzle 28 supplied with lubricating oil.
  • the lubricating oil which may have been injected into the crankcase 3 via a plurality of nozzles and whose distribution in the crankcase 3 is assisted by the intake fresh air, ensures sufficient oil lubrication within the crankcase 3.
  • the return line 24 opens according to the embodiment of FIG. 2 not in the container 25, but in the crankcase 3 itself, so that the oil circuit through the crankcase 3, bypassing the container 25 via the oil separator 19 concludes with the advantage that from the container 25 in the crankcase 3 injected lubricating oil is not loaded by fuel, which passes from the cylinder 9 into the crankcase 3.
  • the invention is of course not limited to the illustrated embodiment.
  • the fuel injection could not be provided in the region of the intake line 17, but take place directly into the combustion chamber 29.
  • the injection of the lubricating oil in the region of the mouth of the supply line 16 for the fresh air is not mandatory.
  • the container 25 for the lubricating oil could be part of a further oil circuit of the engine.
  • the conveyor 26 for the lubricating oil can do without oil pump. In such a case, oil production could be ensured by means of pressure pulsations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

A four-stroke internal combustion engine is described, with at least one cylinder( 9 ), a crankcase ( 3 ) which forms a crankcase pump and is connected via a valve ( 15, 18 ) each to an air manifold ( 16 ) for fresh air on the one hand and to an intake manifold ( 17 ) connecting the crankcase ( 3 ) with an intake port ( 11 ) of the cylinder ( 9 ) on the other hand, and with a reservoir ( 25 ) for lubricating oil arranged on a conveying device ( 26 ) for lubricating oil, with an oil circulation comprising the crankcase ( 3 ) as well as an oil separator ( 19 ) provided in the intake manifold ( 17 ) and with a device ( 23 ) for injecting fuel into the intake manifold ( 17 ) or into the combustion chamber ( 29 ) of the cylinder ( 9 ). In order to provide advantageous constructional conditions it is proposed that the conveying device ( 26 ) connected to the reservoir ( 25 ) comprises a duct ( 27 ) for injecting lubricating oil into the crankcase ( 3 ) and that the intake manifold leads to the oil separator ( 19 ) by circumventing the reservoir ( 25 ).

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Viertakt-Verbrennungsmotor mit wenigstens einem Zylinder, einem eine Kurbelgehäusepumpe bildenden Kurbelgehäuse, das über je ein Ventil einerseits an eine Zuleitung für Frischluft und anderseits an eine das Kurbelgehäuse mit einem Einlaßkanal des Zylinders verbindende Ansaugleitung angeschlossen ist, mit einem an eine Fördereinrichtung für Schmieröl angeordneten Behälter für Schmieröl, mit einem das Kurbelgehäuse sowie einen in der Ansaugleitung vorgesehenen Ölabscheider umfassenden Ölkreis und mit einer Einrichtung zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in die Ansaugleitung oder in den Brennraum des Zylinders.The invention relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder, a crankcase pump forming a crankcase, which is connected via a respective valve on the one hand to a supply line for fresh air and on the other hand to a connecting the crankcase with an inlet channel of the cylinder intake, with a a conveyor for lubricating oil arranged container for lubricating oil, comprising a crankcase and an opening provided in the intake oil separator oil circuit and with a device for injecting fuel into the intake pipe or into the combustion chamber of the cylinder.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Um bei Viertakt-Verbrennungsmotoren die angesaugte Verbrennungsluft mit Hilfe einer Kurbelgehäusepumpe vorzuverdichten, ist es bekannt ( EP 0 631 040 A1 ), dem Kurbelgehäuse ein mit Schmieröl angereichertes Brennstoff-Luftgemisch zuzuführen, das nach seiner Vorverdichtung durch die Kurbelgehäusepumpe dem Brennraum des Zylinders zugeführt wird. Nachteilig bei diesen bekannten Viertakt-Verbrennungsmotoren ist allerdings, daß das mit dem Brennstoff-Luftgemisch in den Brennraum der Zylinder geförderte Schmieröl verbrannt wird, was eine höhere Schadstoffbelastung der Abgase zur Folge hat. Außerdem ergibt sich aufgrund des in das Kurbelgehäuse eingetragenen Kraftstoffes innerhalb des Kurbelgehäuses eine verminderte Schmierwirkung im Vergleich zu einer reinen Ölschmierung. Diese Nachteile werden bei einer anderen bekannten Konstruktion vermieden ( US 5 758 610 A ), bei der lediglich Frischluft in das Kurbelgehäuse angesaugt wird, während die Kraftstoffeinspritzung erst im Bereich des über eine Ansaugleitung mit dem Kurbelgehäuse verbundenen Einlaßkanals des Zylinders erfolgt. Da in Strömungsrichtung der vorverdichteten Verbrennungsluft vor der Kraftstoffeinspritzung ein Ölabscheider in die Ansaugleitung zwischen Kurbelgehäuse und Einlaßkanal angeordnet ist, kann davon ausgegangen werden, daß dem Brennraum ein Brennstoff-Luftgemisch ohne Schmieröl aus dem Kurbelgehäuse zugeführt wird, weil aus dem Kurbelgehäuse mit der vorverdichteten Verbrennungsluft mitgerissenes Schmieröl über den Ölabscheider aus dem Verbrennungsluftstrom abgetrennt wird und durch die Ansaugleitung in das Kurbelgehäuse zurückfließt. Das Vorsehen einer herkömmlichen Ölschmierung bedingt allerdings eine ausreichende Schmierölmenge innerhalb des Kurbelgehäuses, das aus diesem Grunde ungünstige Konstruktionsvoraussetzungen für die Kurbelgehäusepumpe schafft, bei der ja das Verhältnis zwischen dem Volumen des Kurbelgehäuses und dem Verdrängungsvolumen der Kolben möglichst klein ausfallen soll.In order to precompress the intake combustion air in four-stroke internal combustion engines with the aid of a crankcase pump, it is known ( EP 0 631 040 A1 ), to supply the crankcase with a fuel oil-enriched fuel-air mixture, which is supplied to the combustion chamber of the cylinder after its pre-compression by the crankcase pump. A disadvantage of these known four-stroke internal combustion engines, however, is that the promoted with the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber of the cylinder lubricating oil is burned, resulting in a higher pollutant load of the exhaust gases entails. In addition, due to the registered in the crankcase fuel within the crankcase results in a reduced lubricating effect compared to a pure oil lubrication. These disadvantages are avoided in another known construction ( US 5,758,610 A ), in which only fresh air is sucked into the crankcase, while the fuel injection takes place only in the region of the intake passage of the cylinder connected via an intake line to the crankcase. Since an oil separator is arranged in the intake line between the crankcase and intake passage in the direction of flow of the precompressed combustion air before the fuel injection, it can be assumed that the combustion chamber, a fuel-air mixture is supplied without lubricating oil from the crankcase, because entrained from the crankcase with the pre-compressed combustion air Lubricating oil is separated from the combustion air flow via the oil separator and flows back through the intake line into the crankcase. The provision of a conventional oil lubrication, however, requires a sufficient amount of lubricating oil within the crankcase, which creates unfavorable design requirements for the crankcase pump, for which reason the ratio between the volume of the crankcase and the displacement volume of the piston should be as small as possible.

Zur Verbesserung der Konstruktionsvoraussetzungen für die Kurbelgehäusepumpe ist es schließlich bekannt ( DE 37 31 250 C1 ), das Kurbelgehäuse von einer Ölwanne zur Aufnahme von Schmieröl zu trennen, das in Form einer herkömmlichen Druckölschmierung aus der Ölwanne den einzelnen Lagerstellen zugepumpt wird. Die vorverdichtete, mit Schmieröl aus dem Kurbelgehäuse beladene Verbrennungsluft wird über ein Rückschlagventil der Ölwanne zugeführt, wo aufgrund der Luftumlenkung um Leitbleche eine Ölabscheidung stattfindet. Das restliche Öl wird aus der Verbrennungsluft in einem Ölabscheider abgeschieden, der zwischen der Ölwanne und dem Einlaßkanal des Zylinders in die Ansaugleitung eingeschaltet ist. Durch die, Druckölschmierung wird eine vergleichsweise große- Ölmenge in den Verbrennungsluftstrom eingebunden, was den Aufwand für die erforderliche Ölabscheidung erhöht. Die damit verbundenen Druckverluste gehen auf Kosten der Vorverdichtung der Verbrennungsluft. Dazu kommt, daß durch die Einbeziehung der Ölwanne in die Verbrennungsluftführung das Gesamtvolumen für die vorverdichtete Verbrennungsluft vergrößert und damit das Beschleunigungsverhalten des Verbrennungsmotors nachteilig beeinflußt wird. Da im Hinblick auf die nachfolgende Ölabscheidung das Schmieröl so schnell wie möglich aus dem Kurbelgehäuse ausgetragen werden soll, um eine Verwirbelung des Schmieröls und damit eine unnötige Belastung der ausgetragenen Verbrennungsluft mit Öl zu vermeiden, muß für einen entsprechend großen Ölumlauf im Ölkreis gesorgt werden.Finally, to improve the design requirements for the crankcase pump, it is known ( DE 37 31 250 C1 ), to separate the crankcase from an oil pan for receiving lubricating oil, which is pumped in the form of a conventional pressure oil lubrication from the oil pan to the individual bearings. The pre-compressed, laden with lubricating oil from the crankcase combustion air is supplied via a check valve to the oil pan, where due to the air deflection around baffles takes place oil separation. The remaining oil is separated from the combustion air in an oil separator, which is switched between the oil pan and the inlet channel of the cylinder in the intake manifold. Due to the, pressure oil lubrication a comparatively large amount of oil is involved in the combustion air flow, which increases the cost of the required oil separation. The associated Pressure losses are at the expense of pre-compression of the combustion air. In addition, the total volume of the pre-compressed combustion air is increased by the inclusion of the oil pan in the combustion air duct and thus the acceleration behavior of the internal combustion engine is adversely affected. Since, in view of the subsequent oil separation, the lubricating oil should be discharged from the crankcase as quickly as possible in order to avoid swirling of the lubricating oil and thus unnecessary burden of the discharged combustion air with oil, a correspondingly large oil circulation in the oil circuit must be provided.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Viertakt-Verbrennungsmotor der eingangs geschilderten Art so auszugestalten, daß trotz vorteilhafter Konstruktionsvoraussetzungen für die Kurbelgehäusepumpe eine gute Ölschmierung innerhalb des Kurbelgehäuses mit einer vergleichsweise geringen Ölmenge sichergestellt werden kann, ohne nachteilige Einflüsse auf das Beschleunigungsverhalten des Motors befürchten zu müssen.The invention is therefore the object of a four-stroke internal combustion engine of the type described in such a way that despite advantageous design requirements for the crankcase pump good oil lubrication within the crankcase with a relatively small amount of oil can be ensured without adverse effects on the acceleration behavior of the engine to have to.

Die Erfindung löst die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch, daß die an den Behälter angeschlossene Fördereinrichtung eine Leitung zum Einspritzen von Schmieröl in das Kurbelgehäuse aufweist und daß die Ansaugleitung unter Umgehung des Behälters zum Ölabscheider führt.The invention solves this problem by the fact that the conveyor connected to the container has a line for injecting lubricating oil into the crankcase and that the suction line leads, bypassing the container to the oil separator.

Da Schmieröl in das Kurbelgehäuse eingespritzt wird, kann eine ausreichende Versorgung der bewegten Teile mit Schmieröl gewährleistet werden, ohne auf ein Ölbad oder eine Druckölschmierung angewiesen zu sein. Dies bedeutet, daß vergleichsweise geringe Ölmengen erforderlich werden, die über die in das Kurbelgehäuse angesaugte Frischluft im Kurbelgehäuse verteilt werden. Wegen der für die Schmierung der Schmierstellen im Bereich des Kurbelgehäuses erforderlichen Verwirbelung des Schmieröls kann das Schmieröl eine lange Verweilzeit im Kurbelgehäuse aufweisen, was den notwendigen Öldurchsatz verringert. Trotzdem ergeben sich aufgrund der geringeren Ölmengen vorteilhafte Abscheidebedingungen, so daß mit einem Ölabscheider in der Ansaugleitung zwischen Kurbelgehäuse und Einlaßkanal des Zylinders das Auslangen gefunden werden kann. Die einfache Führung der Ansaugleitung vom Kurbelgehäuse zum Einlaßkanal des Zylinders über den Ölabscheider unter Umgehung des Behälters für Schmieröl vermeidet höhere Druckverluste und gewährleistet ein gutes Beschleunigungsverhalten des Verbrennungsmotors zufolge des beschränkten Gesamtvolumens für die vorverdichtete Verbrennungsluft.Since lubricating oil is injected into the crankcase, sufficient supply of the moving parts with lubricating oil can be ensured without relying on an oil bath or pressurized oil lubrication. This means that comparatively small amounts of oil are required, which are distributed over the sucked into the crankcase fresh air in the crankcase. Because of the swirling of the lubricating oil required for the lubrication of the lubrication points in the region of the crankcase, the lubricating oil can have a long residence time in the crankcase, which reduces the necessary oil throughput. Nevertheless arise due to the lower Oil quantities advantageous deposition conditions, so that the Auslangen can be found with an oil separator in the intake between crankcase and intake port of the cylinder. The simple guidance of the suction line from the crankcase to the inlet channel of the cylinder via the oil separator bypassing the container for lubricating oil avoids higher pressure losses and ensures good acceleration performance of the internal combustion engine due to the limited total volume for the precompressed combustion air.

Schmieröl aus einer Ölabscheidekammer des Ölabscheiders kann über eine Rückleitung zum Behälter für Schmieröl rückgeführt werden, so daß sich der Ölkreis über diesen Behälter schließt. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, den Ölabscheider über eine von einer Ölabscheidekammer ausgehende Rückleitung mit dem Kurbelgehäuse selbst zu verbinden, was einen Ölkreis ergibt, der lediglich das Kurbelgehäuse und den Ölabscheider umfaßt. Die an den Behälter angeschlossene Fördereinrichtung mit der Leitung zum Einspritzen von Schmieröl in das Kurbelgehäuse dient in diesem Fall lediglich dazu, Schmierölverluste auszugleichen. Da mit einer geringfügigen Belastung des Schmieröls im Kurbelgehäuse durch Brennstoff gerechnet werden muß, der aus dem Zylinder über die Kolbendichtung in das Kurbelgehäuse gelangt, bietet ein solcher Ölkreis unter Umgehung des Behälters den Vorteil, daß dem durch Brennstoff belasteten Schmieröl im Ölkreis stets frisches, unbelastetes Öl zugeführt werden kann, während bei einem Ölkreis über den Behälter auch mit einer Brennstoffbelastung des Schmieröls im Behälter gerechnet werden muß.Lubricating oil from an oil separator chamber of the oil separator can be returned to the container for lubricating oil via a return line, so that the oil circuit closes via this container. Another possibility is to connect the oil separator to the crankcase itself via a return line from an oil separation chamber, resulting in an oil circuit comprising only the crankcase and the oil separator. The connected to the container conveyor with the line for injecting lubricating oil in the crankcase is used in this case only to compensate for oil losses. Since a slight load of the lubricating oil in the crankcase by fuel must be expected, which passes from the cylinder via the piston seal in the crankcase, such an oil circuit bypassing the container has the advantage that the fuel oil loaded in the oil circuit always fresh, unloaded Oil can be supplied, while in an oil circuit on the container with a fuel load of the lubricating oil in the container must be expected.

Wesentlich für einen geringen Verbrauch an Schmieröl ist eine gute Abtrennung des Schmieröls aus dem vorverdichteten Verbrennungsluftstrom. Die geforderte hohe Abscheidungsrate kann vorteilhaft sichergestellt werden, wenn der Ölabscheider aus einem Zyklonabscheider besteht.Essential for a low consumption of lubricating oil is a good separation of the lubricating oil from the pre-compressed combustion air flow. The required high deposition rate can be advantageously ensured if the oil separator consists of a cyclone separator.

Obwohl das Schmieröl an unterschiedlichen Stellen in das Kurbelgehäuse eingespritzt werden kann, um beispielsweise Bauteile mit hohem Schmierbedarf bevorzugt mit Schmieröl zu versorgen, ergeben sich besonders günstige Einspritzbedingungen, wenn die Leitung für das Schmieröl zumindest an eine im Bereich der Mündung der Zuleitung für die Frischluft vorgesehene Düse angeschlossen ist. Über die in das Kurbelgehäuse einströmende Frischluft kann nämlich eine zusätzliche Verteilungswirkung für das Schmieröl erreicht werden.Although the lubricating oil can be injected at different locations in the crankcase, for example, components with high Lubricating demand to supply preferably with lubricating oil, there are particularly favorable injection conditions when the line for the lubricating oil is connected at least to a nozzle provided in the region of the mouth of the supply line for the fresh air. In fact, an additional distribution effect for the lubricating oil can be achieved via the fresh air flowing into the crankcase.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Viertakt-Verbrennungsmotor in einem schematischen Schnitt und
Fig. 2
eine Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Viertakt-Verbrennungsmotors in einer der Fig. 1 entsprechenden Darstellung.
In the drawing, the subject invention is shown, for example. Show it
Fig. 1
a four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention in a schematic section and
Fig. 2
an embodiment of a four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention in a representation corresponding to FIG. 1.

Bester Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungBest way to carry out the invention

Gemäß den dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen eines erfindungsgemäßen Viertakt-Verbrennungsmotors bildet der Zylinderblock 1 den einen Teil 2 eines Kurbelgehäuses 3, dessen anderer Teil als Deckel 4 ausgebildet ist. Auf den Kurbelzapfen 5 der im Kurbelgehäuse 3 gelagerten Kurbelwelle 6 ist das Pleuel 7 des Kolbens 8 wenigstens eines Zylinders 9 gelagert, dessen Zylinderkopf 10 zumindest einen Einlaßkanal 11 mit einem Einlaßventil 12 und einen Auslaßkanal 13 mit einem Auslaßventil 14 aufweist.According to the illustrated embodiments of a four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention, the cylinder block 1 forms the one part 2 of a crankcase 3, the other part of which is designed as a cover 4. On the crank pin 5 of the crankshaft 6 mounted in the crankcase 3, the connecting rod 7 of the piston 8 is mounted at least one cylinder 9, the cylinder head 10 has at least one inlet channel 11 with an inlet valve 12 and an outlet channel 13 with an outlet valve 14.

Das Kurbelgehäuse 3 bildet zusammen mit dem Kolben 8 eine Kurbelgehäusepumpe, über die Frischluft angesaugt und verdichtet wird. Zu diesem Zweck ist das Kurbelgehäuse 3 über ein Rückschlagventil 15 an eine Zuleitung 16 für Frischluft angeschlossen. Auf der der Zuleitung 16 gegenüberliegenden Umfangseite schließt an das Kurbelgehäuse 3 eine Ansaugleitung 17 für die im Kurbelgehäuse 3 vorverdichtete Verbrennungsluft über ein Rückschlagventil 18 an. ln diese mit dem Einlaßkanal 11 verbundene Ansaugleitung 17 ist ein Ölabscheider 19 eingeschaltet, der als Zyklonabscheider mit einer Ölabscheidekammer 20 ausgebildet ist, in die der vom Kurbelgehäuse 3 kommende Ast 21 der Ansaugleitung 17 tangential mündet, während der Verbindungsast 22 zum Einlaßkanal 11 für einen zentralen Luftaustritt aus der Ölabscheidekammer 20 sorgt. lm Anschlußbereich des Verbindungszweiges 22 der Ansaugleitung 17 an den Einlaßkanal 11 ist eine Einspritzeinrichtung 23 für Brennstoff vorgesehen, so daß über den Einlaßkanal 11 ein vorverdichtetes Brennstoff-Luftgemisch angesaugt wird.The crankcase 3, together with the piston 8, a crankcase pump, is sucked in through the fresh air and compressed. For this purpose, the crankcase 3 is connected via a check valve 15 to a supply line 16 for fresh air. On the opposite side of the feed line 16 connects to the crankcase 3, an intake 17 for the pre-compressed in the crankcase 3 combustion air via a check valve 18 at. In this intake passage 17 connected to the intake passage 11 is a Oil separator 19 turned on, which is designed as a cyclone separator with a Ölabscheidekammer 20, in which coming from the crankcase 3 branch 21 of the intake passage 17 opens tangentially, while the connecting branch 22 to the inlet channel 11 for a central air outlet from the Ölabscheidekammer 20 provides. In the connection region of the connecting branch 22 of the suction line 17 to the inlet channel 11, an injector 23 is provided for fuel, so that via the inlet channel 11, a precompressed fuel-air mixture is sucked.

Gemäß der Ausführungsform nach der Fig. 1 führt eine Rückleitung 24 von der Ölabscheidekammer 20 zu einem Behälter 25 für Schmieröl, das in einem Ölkreis umläuft, der eine über eine Fördereinrichtung 26 beaufschlagbare Leitung 27 umfaßt, die eine im Bereich der Mündung der Zuleitung 16 in das Kurbelgehäuse 3 ragende Düse 28 mit Schmieröl versorgt. Das unter Umständen über mehrere Düsen in das Kurbelgehäuse 3 eingespritzte Schmieröl, dessen Verteilung im Kurbelgehäuse 3 durch die angesaugte Frischluft unterstützt wird, stellt eine ausreichende Ölschmierung innerhalb des Kurbelgehäuses 3 sicher. Da ein Teil des über die Düse 28 eingespritzten Schmieröls mit der vorverdichteten Verbrennungsluft über den Ast 21 der Ansaugleitung aus dem Kurbelgehäuse 3 ausgetragen und im Ölabscheider 19 abgetrennt wird, ist die Ölschmierung innerhalb des Kurbelgehäuses gewährleistet, die trotz der für die Pumpbedingungen günstigen, gedrängten Platzverhältnisse für eine gute Schmierölverteilung innerhalb des Kurbelgehäuses 3 sorgt.According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, a return line 24 leads from the Ölabscheidekammer 20 to a container 25 for lubricating oil, which circulates in an oil circuit comprising a loadable via a conveyor 26 line 27, which in the region of the mouth of the supply line 16 in the crankcase 3 projecting nozzle 28 supplied with lubricating oil. The lubricating oil, which may have been injected into the crankcase 3 via a plurality of nozzles and whose distribution in the crankcase 3 is assisted by the intake fresh air, ensures sufficient oil lubrication within the crankcase 3. Since a portion of the injected via the nozzle 28 lubricating oil with the precompressed combustion air over the branch 21 of the intake line from the crankcase 3 and separated in the oil separator 19, the oil lubrication is ensured within the crankcase, despite the favorable for the pumping conditions, crowded space ensures a good lubricating oil distribution within the crankcase 3.

Zum Unterschied zu der Ausführungsform nach der Fig. 1 mündet die Rückleitung 24 gemäß der Ausführungsform nach der Fig. 2 nicht im Behälter 25, sondern im Kurbelgehäuse 3 selbst, so daß sich der Ölkreis durch das Kurbelgehäuse 3 unter Umgehung des Behälters 25 über den Ölabscheider 19 mit dem Vorteil schließt, daß aus dem Behälter 25 in das Kurbelgehäuse 3 eingespritztes Schmieröl nicht durch Brennstoff belastet ist, der aus dem Zylinder 9 in das Kurbelgehäuse 3 gelangt.In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the return line 24 opens according to the embodiment of FIG. 2 not in the container 25, but in the crankcase 3 itself, so that the oil circuit through the crankcase 3, bypassing the container 25 via the oil separator 19 concludes with the advantage that from the container 25 in the crankcase 3 injected lubricating oil is not loaded by fuel, which passes from the cylinder 9 into the crankcase 3.

Die Erfindung ist selbstverständlich nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. So könnte die Kraftstoffeinspritzung nicht im Bereich der Ansaugleitung 17 vorgesehen sein, sondern unmittelbar in den Brennraum 29 erfolgen. Außerdem ist die Einspritzung des Schmieröls im Bereich der Mündung der Zuleitung 16 für die Frischluft nicht zwingend. Der Behälter 25 für das Schmieröl könnte Teil eines weiteren Ölkreislaufes des Motors sein. Die Fördereinrichtung 26 für das Schmieröl kann auch ohne Ölpumpe auskommen. In einem solchen Fall könnte die Ölförderung über Druckpulsationen sichergestellt werden.The invention is of course not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Thus, the fuel injection could not be provided in the region of the intake line 17, but take place directly into the combustion chamber 29. In addition, the injection of the lubricating oil in the region of the mouth of the supply line 16 for the fresh air is not mandatory. The container 25 for the lubricating oil could be part of a further oil circuit of the engine. The conveyor 26 for the lubricating oil can do without oil pump. In such a case, oil production could be ensured by means of pressure pulsations.

Claims (5)

  1. Four-stroke internal combustion engine, having at least one cylinder (9), a crankcase (3) forming a crankcase pump which is connected by means of a respective valve (15, 18) on the one hand to a supply line (16) for fresh air and on the other hand to a suction line (17) connecting the crankcase (3) to an intake port (11) of the cylinder (9), having a container (25) for lubricating oil connected to a delivery device (26) for lubricating oil, having an oil circuit including the crankcase (3) and an oil separator (19) provided in the suction line (17) and having a device (23) for injecting fuel into the suction line (17) or into the combustion chamber (29) of the cylinder (9), characterised in that the delivery device (26) connected to the container (25) comprises a line (27) for the injection of lubricating oil into the crankcase (3) and in that the suction line (17) leads to the oil separator (19), bypassing the container (25).
  2. Four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterised in that the oil separator (19) is connected to the container (25) via a return line (24) coming from the oil separating chamber (20).
  3. Four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterised in that the oil separator (19) is connected to the crankcase (3) via a return line (24) coming from an oil separating chamber (20).
  4. Four-stroke internal combustion engine according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the oil separator (19) consists of a cyclone separator.
  5. Four-stroke internal combustion engine according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the line (27) for the lubricating oil is connected at least to one nozzle (28) provided in the region of the connection of the fresh air supply line (16).
EP01998720A 2000-11-30 2001-11-28 Four-cycle internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1337744B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0201100A AT411091B (en) 2000-11-30 2000-11-30 FOUR-STROKE COMBUSTION ENGINE
AT20112000 2000-11-30
PCT/AT2001/000384 WO2002044528A1 (en) 2000-11-30 2001-11-28 Four-cycle internal combustion engine

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EP1337744A1 EP1337744A1 (en) 2003-08-27
EP1337744B1 true EP1337744B1 (en) 2007-08-01

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US (1) US7073482B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1337744B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004514091A (en)
CN (1) CN1239815C (en)
AT (2) AT411091B (en)
AU (2) AU1806102A (en)
BR (1) BR0115846A (en)
DE (1) DE50112803D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2291382T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1060611A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002044528A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
EP1337744A1 (en) 2003-08-27
HK1060611A1 (en) 2004-08-13
WO2002044528A1 (en) 2002-06-06
AU2002218061B2 (en) 2007-05-24
ATA20112000A (en) 2003-02-15
AU1806102A (en) 2002-06-11
ATE368799T1 (en) 2007-08-15
DE50112803D1 (en) 2007-09-13
AT411091B (en) 2003-09-25
JP2004514091A (en) 2004-05-13
US20040099241A1 (en) 2004-05-27
CN1239815C (en) 2006-02-01
US7073482B2 (en) 2006-07-11
CN1478174A (en) 2004-02-25
ES2291382T3 (en) 2008-03-01
BR0115846A (en) 2003-10-07

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