EP1332647B1 - Schaltungsvorrichtung zur annähernd sinusförmigen absenkung oder anhebung einer wechselspannung - Google Patents
Schaltungsvorrichtung zur annähernd sinusförmigen absenkung oder anhebung einer wechselspannung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1332647B1 EP1332647B1 EP01994045A EP01994045A EP1332647B1 EP 1332647 B1 EP1332647 B1 EP 1332647B1 EP 01994045 A EP01994045 A EP 01994045A EP 01994045 A EP01994045 A EP 01994045A EP 1332647 B1 EP1332647 B1 EP 1332647B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- phase
- electronic switch
- alternating voltage
- transistor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
- H05B39/04—Controlling
- H05B39/041—Controlling the light-intensity of the source
- H05B39/044—Controlling the light-intensity of the source continuously
- H05B39/048—Controlling the light-intensity of the source continuously with reverse phase control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/16—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies
- H05B41/20—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies having no starting switch
- H05B41/23—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac, or with network frequencies having no starting switch for lamps not having an auxiliary starting electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/36—Controlling
- H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
- H05B41/382—Controlling the intensity of light during the transitional start-up phase
Definitions
- the invention relates to a circuit device for approximately sinusoidal lowering or raising an alternating voltage, consisting of one with the AC voltage applied autotransformer with at least one tap, wherein the one end of the winding of the autotransformer via a first switch (ES1) with the output (L ') of the switching device and the tap on a second Switch (ES2) is connected to the output (L ') of the switching device and wherein when opening or closing the first switch, the second switch alternately closed or opened.
- ES1 first switch
- ES2 second Switch
- Document DE 198 31 603 shows a circuit arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention has for its object to provide a switching device, the Power control of fluorescent tube systems or high pressure gas tubes with electronic Switches allows, despite the power requirement relatively easy and are inexpensive and the known per se power switching from a higher inrush current to a lower operating current in each half-phase the AC voltage without overload allows.
- the circuit device by appropriate modification also offer the possibility of a to generate constant voltage across the input voltage.
- the circuit device should be usable in both compensated and uncompensated situations be.
- This object is based on the aforementioned switching device according to the invention solved in that the two switches (ES1, ES2) electronically with the frequency of the alternating voltage alternately on and off, wherein the first electronic switch (ES1) as Phasenanterrorisms- and / or phase control operating transistor switch consists, depending on are alternately controllable from the phase zero crossing, and wherein the second electronic switches (ES2) also alternately depending on the Phase conductive transistor switch is constructed, of which the one transistor switch at the positive phase and the second transistor switch at the negative Phase of the AC voltage is conductive when the first electronic switch (ES1) is not conductive; that the transistor switches of the first and second electronic Switch (ES1, ES2) for each half-wave of the AC voltage at least one field effect transistor (MOS-FET or IGBT) with parallel diode include; that the alternately switchable from the half phases of the AC voltage Transistor switch of the first electronic switch (ES1) from a microprocessor are controllable from, in response to a phase zero detection circuit a Zündwinkelsignal (
- phase-shifted phase zero-crossing signal tapped by a low-pass filter the AC voltage as a trigger signal (Tr) to a monostable Multivibrator acts whose tuned by a tuned to the AC frequency RC element at the end of the metastable state one with the next Phase zero crossing provides in-phase output signal (Q).
- This trigger signal and the in-phase output signal of the monostable multivibrator is used to control a microprocessor by counting the Determines AC frequency and the desired Zündwinkelsignal for the calculated first electronic switch.
- the invention further provides that the microprocessor at a frequency change the AC voltage provides a switching signal, with which he the time constant of the RC element adapts to the changed frequency.
- the ignition angle signal to the ignition angle dependent actuation of the transistor switch of the first electronic switch (ES1) via an input-side optocoupler and a Schmitt trigger circuit can be applied to the transistor switch, and that the transistor switch this first electronic switch (ES1) according to the desired Switch on and off phase angle and / or phase control.
- the ignition angle signal for ignition angle-dependent control of the transistor switch of the second electronic switch (ES2) via a flip-flop and possibly a another optocoupler can be applied to this transistor switch and this alternately when the first electronic switch (ES1) is turned off.
- the invention further provides that the ignition angle-dependent control of the first and second electronic switch can be suppressed if a current transformer (SW) at the output (L ') of the circuit device detects an overcurrent.
- SW current transformer
- This overcurrent-dependent voltage at the current transformer (SW) is connected to a reference voltage comparable to a resistor, one exceeding the reference voltage Voltage on the one hand, the transmission of the ignition angle signal (ZW) for first electronic switch (ES1) suppressed and on the other hand, the flip-flop reset to the second electronic switch (ES2) via the optocoupler to control the non-conductive state.
- the circuit device satisfies in an advantageous manner Make all requirements in compensated and uncompensated networks of lighting systems with fluorescent tubes or high-pressure gas tubes, wherein the electronic switch very stable in operation with relatively cheap electronic Elements are constructed.
- the basic circuits shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 consist of an autotransformer 10, whose upper coil end to the phase voltage L and its lower winding end is connected to the neutral conductor N.
- the upper coil end is also above a first electronic switch ES1 at the output L ', a Tap 11 is also connected via a second electronic switch ES2 Output L 'connected.
- the two electronic switches ES1 and ES2 are coupled together in such a way or synchronized to have a toggle switch function. It is important that the two electronic switches to avoid a short circuit not are simultaneously conductive.
- a current transformer SW supplies depending on the output current via the electronic Switch ES2 a supply voltage for the ignition angle dependent Control of the two electronic switches ES1 and ES2, as follows will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 6.
- a power supply 20 supplies a 50 or 60 hertz AC signal to a low-pass filter 22, which is composed of resistors 23 and capacitors 24 symmetrical.
- This Low-pass filter 22 also has the purpose of switching to the mains voltage to filter out modeled sound frequencies.
- the output signal of the low-pass filter controls two series-connected transistors 26, the output side one of the AC voltage corresponding pulse signal sequence for the transistor 27 for Make available. This transistor 27 is controlled by the positive half-wave pulse in switched on the conductive state and transmits the output side, a positive trigger signal to a monostable multivibrator 28.
- This trigger signal goes on simultaneously supplied via line 29 to a microprocessor 30, the thereof with the aid of Output signal of the multivibrator 28 via the line 31, the period or the Frequency of the AC signal and the correct phase zero of the AC signal based on a delayed output signal of the monostable Multivibrators detects.
- the trigger signal of the monostable multivibrator 28 is out of its stable State switched to the metastable state in which he is so long remains until the capacitor 33 of the connected RC element with the resistors 34, 35 is charged to the threshold voltage at which the monostable multivibrator switches back from the metastable state to the stable state.
- the Adjustment of the RC element is using the adjustable resistor 35 the Switching delay of the monostable multivibrator to the AC frequency set so that when switching back from the metastable state in the stable state, a time delay occurs and the output signal Q exactly to the phase zero crossing via the line 31 for the microprocessor 30 for Available.
- a switching signal UMS to a Transistor 36 is applied so that it becomes conductive and the resistors 37, 38 in parallel to the resistors 34, 35 switches. These resistors are selected such that the delay in the monostable multivibrator 28 when switching the AC frequency from 50Hz to 60Hz adapted to the respective frequency.
- the microprocessor 30 now calculates due to the correct phase zero Characteristic output signal Q via the line 31, the ignition angle signal ZW according to the desired phase angle or the desired Phase control angle.
- FIG. 1 A block diagram of the first electronic switch ES1 is shown in FIG.
- the ignition angle signal ZW supplied by the microprocessor 30 at the electronic Switch is applied, the supplied from the power supply 20 AC voltage is applied via an optocoupler 41 to a Schmitt trigger circuit 42, the makes a squarewave AC voltage from the sinusoidal voltage.
- MOS-FET's 46th or 47 connected, to each of which a diode 48 or 49 is connected in parallel, which need not be discrete diodes, but those that do through the semiconductor structure inside the semiconductor.
- Optocoupler 41 is preferably used to provide potential isolation regarding the various necessary power supplies to provide.
- the AC voltage supplies, switches over the decoupling resistors 43 applied positive square wave signal the transistor switch 46 in the conductive state, wherein the diodes 48 are locked.
- the diodes 49 are conductive in the transistor switch 47, which the conductive connection between the phase voltage L and the output L 'made is.
- the negative pulse of the rectangular AC voltage via the decoupling resistors 44, the transistor switch 47 in the conductive state switches, so that when locked diodes 49, the conductive connection from the phase voltage L to the output L 'via the transistor switches 47 and Diodes 48 takes place.
- the construction of the second electronic switch ES2 is shown in FIG. 4. Thereafter From the power supply 20 is an AC voltage via an optocoupler 51, which also serves the potential separation, created for the positive Half wave makes the transistor in the optocoupler conductive and the transistor 53 im downstream network blocks. The resulting increase in collector voltage is applied via the resistor 54 to the base of the transistor 55, which thus receives a positive bias and becomes conductive.
- the self-adjusting potential at the collector of the transistor 55 causes a blockage of the transistor 57 while simultaneously applied to the same base bias Transistor 56 becomes conductive and ensures that for the positive half-wave on the line Gh1 a positive voltage is applied, whereas for the negative half-waves Ground potential on this line is effective. Accordingly, the controls of the positive half-wave through the optocoupler 51 locked transistor 53 with his Collector potential, the transistors 58 and 59 and causes the transistor 58th becomes conductive and the transistor 59 blocks, bringing on the output side line Gh2 for the positive half-wave ground potential and for the negative half wave a positive Potential is effective.
- This bridging of the connections A and B takes place with the aid of the ignition angle-dependent Control of the electronic switches ES1 and ES2 according to FIG
- the ignition angle signal ZW to the circuit 16 for driving the electronic switch ES1 and ES2 created.
- This circuit comprises two inverting Schmitt triggers 70 and 71 connected in series and the ignition angle signal transmitted directly to the electronic switch ES1.
- the circuit further comprises a flip-flop 72, which is at the present Zündwinkelsignal from Output signals of the Schmitt trigger 70 via the line 73 is set such that the LED in optocoupler 75 lights up and the output side transistor the Terminals A and B short circuit. This opens the electronic switch ES2.
- the two operational amplifiers 80 and 81 switched to a maximum or minimum supply voltage to the Capacitor 83, whereupon the output voltage at the inverting Schmitt trigger 84 goes to mass.
- the flip-flop 71 is set such that the light emitting diode in the optocoupler 75 lights up and the internal transistor in the controlling the conductive state, i. the terminals A and B short-circuit. This Short circuit causes, as already mentioned, that the electronic switch ES2 not becomes conductive.
- the ground signal at the output of the inverting Schmittt trigger 84 serves also as a base control via the resistor 86 to the transistor 85, the so becomes conductive and the input of the inverting Schmitt trigger 71 against positive Potential draws. This sets at its output ground potential, which causes that the electronic switch ES1 via the optocoupler 41 of FIG. 3 in the non-conductive state is switched.
- This structure protects against overcurrents on the one hand, but in normal operation, if no overcurrents occur, the transistor 85 is turned off and the output of the Schmitt trigger 70 is used as an inverted ignition angle signal on Output of the inverting Schmitt trigger 71 in the correct phase to the electronic Transfer switch ES1.
- the measures of the invention is a circuit device for approximately Sinusoidal lowering or raising an AC voltage created in the Operating state extremely stable and versatile even for different mains frequencies can be used even if on the mains voltage for switching operations audio frequencies modulated, causing the phase shifts.
- the stability of the circuit is also favored by the fact that the integrated overcurrent shutdown Overcurrent-sensitive semiconductor elements no excessive load currents get abandoned.
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- Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
- Power Conversion In General (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Prinzipschaltbild der Schaltungsanordnung gemäß der Erfindung zum sinusförmigen Absenken einer Wechselspannung;
- Fig. 2
- ein Prinzipschaltbild einer weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung zum sinusförmigen Anheben der Wechselspannung;
- Fig. 3
- ein Prinzipschaltbild des ersten elektronischen Schalters gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2;
- Fig. 4
- ein Prinzipschaltbild des zweiten elektronischen Schalters gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2;
- Fig. 5
- ein Prinzipschaltbild für die Phasennullerkennung und die Anpassung des Zündwinkelsignals an unterschiedliche Netzfrequenzen;
- Fig. 6
- ein Prinzipschaltbild für die zündwinkelabhängige Ansteuerung des ersten und zweiten elektronischen Schalters gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2.
Claims (8)
- Schaltungsvorrichtung zur annähernd sinusförmigen Absenkung einer Wechselspannung, bestehend aus einem mit der Wechselspannung beaufschlagten Spartransformator mit (10) zumindest einem Abgriff (11), wobei das eine Ende der Wicklung des Spartransformators (10) über einen ersten Schalter (ES1) mit dem Ausgang (L') der Schaltvorrichtung und der Abgriff (11) über einen zweiten Schalter (ES2) mit dem Ausgang (L') der Schaltvorrichtung verbunden ist und beim Öffnen bzw. Schließen des ersten Schalters der zweite Schalter wechselweise geschlossen bzw. geöffnet ist,
die beiden Schalter (ES1, ES2) elektronisch mit der Frequenz der Wechselspannung wechselweise ein- und ausschaltbar sind, wobei der erste elektronische Schalter (ES1) aus als Phasenanschnitts- und /oder Phasenabschnittssteuerung arbeitenden Transistorschaltern (46,47) besteht, welche in Abhängigkeit vom Phasennulldurchgang wechselweise ansteuerbar sind, und wobei der zweite elektronische Schalter (ES2) ebenfalls aus wechselweise in Abhängigkeit von der Phase leitenden Transistorschaltem (62,63) aufgebaut ist, von welchen der eine Transistorschalter (46; 62) bei der positiven Phase bzw. der zweite Transistorschalter (49;63) bei der negativen Phase der Wechselspannung leitend ist, wenn der erste elektronische Schalter (ES1) nicht leitend ist;
die Transistorschalter (46,47; 62,63) des ersten und zweiten elektronischen Schalters (ES1; ES2) für jede Halbwelle der Wechselspannung zumindest einen Feldeffekttransistor (MOS-FET bzw. IGBT) mit parallel liegender Diode (48,49; 64,65) umfassen;
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wechselweise von den Halbphasen der Wechselspannung durchschaltbaren Transistorschalter (46,47) des ersten elektronischen Schalters (ES1) von einem Mikroprozessor (µP) aus ansteuerbar sind, der in Abhängigkeit von einer Phasennullerkennungsschaltung ein Zündwinkelsignal (ZW) für die Phasenanschnittsund/oder Phasenabschnittssteuerung der Transistorschalter (46,47) liefert;
und daß die Transistorschalter (62,63) des zweiten elektronischen Schalters (ES2) über eine Ansteuerschaltung (16) halbperiodenselektiv bei nichtleitendem ersten elektronischen Schalter (ES1) in den leitenden bzw. nichtleitenden Zustand schaltbar sind. - Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das von einem Tiefpassfilter (22) abgegriffene phasenverschobene Nulldurchgangssignal der Wechselspannung als Triggersignal (Tr) auf einen monostabilen Multivibrator (28) wirkt, dessen durch ein auf die Wechselspannungsfrequenz abgestimmtes RC-Glied (33,34,35; 33,37,38) am Ende des metastabilen Zustandes ein mit dem nächstfolgenden Phasennulldurchgang phasenrichtiges Ausgangssignal (Q) liefert. - Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Triggersignal (Tr) und das phasenrichtige Ausgangsignal (Q) auf den Mikroprozessor (µP) wirkt, der durch Auszählen die Wechselspannungsfrequenz feststellt sowie das gewünschte Zündwinkelsignal (ZW) für den ersten elektronischen Schalter (ES1) errechnet. - Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mikroprozessor (µP) bei einem Frequenzwechsel der Wechselspannung ein Umschaltsignal (UMS) liefert, mit welchem er die Zeitkonstante des RC-Glieds (33,34,35; 33,37,38) an die geänderte Frequenz anpaßt. - Schaltungsanordnung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zündwinkelsignal (ZW) zur zündwinkelabhängigen Betätigung der Transistorschalter (46,47) des ersten elektronischen Schalter (ES1) über einen eingangsseitigen Optokoppler (41) und eine Schmitt-Triggerschaltung (42) an die Transistorschalter (46,47) anlegbar ist, und daß die Transistorschalter (46,47) diesen ersten elektronischen Schalter (ES1) entsprechend der gewünschten Phasenanschnittsund/oder Phasenabschnittssteuerung ein - bzw. ausschalten. - Schaltungsanordnung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zündwinkelsignal (ZW) zur zündwinkelabhängigen Ansteuerung der Transistorschalter (62,63) des zweiten elektronischen Schalters (ES2) über einen Flip-Flop (72) und ggf. einen weiteren Optokoppler (72) an diese Transistorschalter (62,63) anlegbar ist und diese wechselweise bei ausgeschaltetem ersten elektronischen Schalter (ES1) leitend macht. - Schaltungsanordnung nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zündwinkelabhängige Ansteuerung des ersten und zweiten elektronischen Schalters (46,47; 62,63) unterdrückbar ist, wenn ein Stromwandler (SW) am Ausgang (L') der Schaltungsvorrichtung einen Überstrom feststellt. - Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die überstromabhängige Spannung am Stromwandler (SW) mit einer Bezugsspannung an einem Widerstand (82) vergleichbar ist;
und daß eine die-Bezugsspannung übersteigende Spannung einerseits die Übertragung des Zündwinkelsignals (ZW) zum ersten elektronischen Schalter (ES1) unterdrückt und andererseits den Flip-Flop (72) zurücksetzt, um über den Optokoppler (75) den zweiten elektronischen Schalter (ES2) in den nichtleitenden Zustand steuert.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10055576A DE10055576A1 (de) | 2000-11-09 | 2000-11-09 | Schaltvorrichtung zur annähernd sinusförmigen Absenkung oder Anhebung einer Wecheselspannung |
DE10055576 | 2000-11-09 | ||
PCT/EP2001/012992 WO2002039789A1 (de) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-09 | Schaltungsvorrichtung zur annähernd sinusförmigen absenkung oder anhebung einer wechselspannung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1332647A1 EP1332647A1 (de) | 2003-08-06 |
EP1332647B1 true EP1332647B1 (de) | 2005-03-09 |
Family
ID=7662716
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01994045A Expired - Lifetime EP1332647B1 (de) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-09 | Schaltungsvorrichtung zur annähernd sinusförmigen absenkung oder anhebung einer wechselspannung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1332647B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE290763T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002217015A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10055576A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002039789A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4189664A (en) * | 1977-10-05 | 1980-02-19 | Hirschfeld Richard L | Power control unit for automatic control of power consumption in a lighting load |
DE3045971A1 (de) * | 1980-12-05 | 1982-07-15 | Johann 4414 Füllinsdorf Buser | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zuenden von niederdruck-entladungslampen, vorzugsweise leuchtstofflampen |
JPH06261553A (ja) * | 1993-11-18 | 1994-09-16 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Dc−acインバータ |
DE19831603A1 (de) * | 1998-07-14 | 2000-02-17 | Werner Hanke | Schaltungsvorrichtung zur annähernd sinusförmigen Absenkung einer Wechselspannung |
-
2000
- 2000-11-09 DE DE10055576A patent/DE10055576A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-11-09 AT AT01994045T patent/ATE290763T1/de active
- 2001-11-09 DE DE50105558T patent/DE50105558D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-09 WO PCT/EP2001/012992 patent/WO2002039789A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-09 AU AU2002217015A patent/AU2002217015A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-09 EP EP01994045A patent/EP1332647B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002039789A1 (de) | 2002-05-16 |
DE10055576A1 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
ATE290763T1 (de) | 2005-03-15 |
AU2002217015A1 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
DE50105558D1 (de) | 2005-04-14 |
EP1332647A1 (de) | 2003-08-06 |
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