EP1329269B1 - Apparatus for hydro-forming and its use - Google Patents

Apparatus for hydro-forming and its use Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1329269B1
EP1329269B1 EP02405027A EP02405027A EP1329269B1 EP 1329269 B1 EP1329269 B1 EP 1329269B1 EP 02405027 A EP02405027 A EP 02405027A EP 02405027 A EP02405027 A EP 02405027A EP 1329269 B1 EP1329269 B1 EP 1329269B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
piston
workpiece
pump
created
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP02405027A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1329269A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Leppin
Markus Gehrig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3A Composites International AG
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Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcan Technology and Management Ltd filed Critical Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
Priority to EP02405027A priority Critical patent/EP1329269B1/en
Priority to DE50202209T priority patent/DE50202209D1/en
Priority to AT02405027T priority patent/ATE288801T1/en
Priority to JP2003001906A priority patent/JP2003236630A/en
Priority to CA002416088A priority patent/CA2416088A1/en
Priority to US10/347,016 priority patent/US6834522B2/en
Publication of EP1329269A1 publication Critical patent/EP1329269A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1329269B1 publication Critical patent/EP1329269B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
    • B21C37/294—Forming collars by compressing a fluid or a yieldable or resilient mass in the tube

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for forming an at least a cavity having workpiece by means of a flowable active medium in the sealed cavity of the workpiece generated hydroforming, containing a forming tool with a cavity receiving the workpiece, and a pressure generating system for generating an internal high pressure.
  • the invention further relates to a method for forming said workpieces under Use of a device according to the invention.
  • a device according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2 is for example from the DE-A-195 30 056 known.
  • a hollow body is expanded or reshaped by means of internal high pressure.
  • the openings of the hollow body are sealed by means of a sealing die to in the cavity by means of an active or pressure medium, which over the Sealing stamp is fed into the cavity of the workpiece, an overpressure build and hold.
  • the generated overpressure leads to an expansion or Forming of the hollow body, wherein the hollow body through the horrkavtician, in which the hollow body was previously inserted, assumes predetermined spatial form.
  • the deformation-relevant pressures that have to be built up are lost from the material to be formed, the shape and the Wanddikken of the workpiece as well as the forming geometry and the degree of deformation from. Furthermore, the pressing of openings by means of hydroforming process requires special Requirements for internal pressures.
  • Uniformly working pressure booster are functionally two longitudinally coupled cylinders with different sized effective areas A 1 , A 2 , designed practically as a device with stepped piston with which the primary side applied pressure p 1 to the higher final pressure, the so-called secondary pressure p 2 , is converted, the stepped piston a simple way to create pressure.
  • the pressure generating system includes a Voryogllpumpe, which the Hydroforming system at the beginning of the forming process with the pressure medium fed and created at the same time an increased base pressure.
  • a Voryogllpumpe By pressure intensifier Subsequently, the final or forming pressure is generated. Since the volume flow of hardly compressible liquid pressure medium due to the previously generated Base pressure is small, the forming pressure generated by the stepped piston immediately achieved, with the simply traveled path of the stepped piston in the Usually under the maximum possible simple piston travel is.
  • the maximum volume flow of the pressure medium that can be generated by the pressure intensifier is limited by the simple piston travel, i. after the stepped piston has traveled a simple piston stroke, is a further pressure increase not possible anymore.
  • This problem occurs, for example, in cases in which the pressure intensifier generate relatively high volume flows for pressure generation such as a leak on the high pressure side or very large Profile widening in the forming process. So it can happen that the Pressure intensifier can not produce the necessary maximum pressure, since this after covering a simple piston stroke through the stepped piston still is not reached.
  • Object of the present invention is an IHU device with a pressure generating device to propose a flexible performance adjustment
  • the maximum pressures allowed and flexible in their installation and in the work is and still inexpensive.
  • the invention also relates to a device for forming a workpiece having at least one cavity by means of internal high pressure generated in the sealed cavity of the workpiece via a flowable active medium, comprising a forming tool with a cavity receiving the workpiece, wherein the forming tool comprises means for attaching recesses, in particular Perforations contained in the workpiece during the hydroforming process, and the means comprise a wall mounted in a wall cavity of the mold wall-mounted punch, wherein the recesses are introduced by retracting the punch against the workpiece on the effect of mecanichochddrucks, and the punch movement controlled by a plunger back pressure is and the plunger back pressure is generated via a pressure generating system.
  • the workpieces can, for example, single or multi-chamber hollow profiles with frontal Be openings. Furthermore, the workpieces can also hollow body with a be container-shaped shape.
  • the workpieces are preferably made of metal, in particular made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the pressure generating system for generating the internal high pressure and / or the Stempelarna horrins preferably includes a reciprocating high pressure pump, too Called high-pressure piston pump.
  • the high-pressure piston pump is preferred on the primary side pneumatically, i. with a gas, like air. or compressed air, operated.
  • the High-pressure piston pump is preferably used with compressed air in the range of 1 to 15 bar driven, the compressed air by means of a separate compressor, such as compressor, transported to a higher pressure and fed to the displacement pump becomes.
  • the high-pressure piston pump can also hydraulically, i. with a be operated liquid medium.
  • the high-pressure piston pump is preferred self-priming.
  • the high-pressure piston pump can on the primary side a single or multi-stage piston drive exhibit. This means that the high-pressure piston pump can be primary side have one, two, three or more coupled pistons.
  • the high-pressure piston pump with a primary side single or multi-stage piston drive can also be a single or double acting high pressure piston pump. This means, the high-pressure piston pump generates a secondary side in one or both stroke directions Print.
  • the pressure generating system for generating the internal high pressure and / or the piston back pressure a Plurality of parallel piston high-pressure pumps.
  • the piston high-pressure pumps operate a common high-pressure system, the high-pressure piston pumps to achieve a constant flow as possible preferred via a stroke frequency judge, e.g. a pneumatic stroke frequency converter, are controlled so that in reciprocal power stroke, a continuous flow is generated until the target pressure is reached.
  • a stroke frequency judge e.g. a pneumatic stroke frequency converter
  • the active medium which secondary side, i. for generating the internal high pressure and / or the piston back pressure, is preferably a thin until viscous medium.
  • the active medium for example, water and / or oil and e.g. a water-oil emulsion.
  • Primary side can the piston drive as already mentioned by a liquid or a gas.
  • the pressure booster of the piston high-pressure pump preferably contains a high-pressure piston with small piston area, which component of a high pressure part is, and a drive piston, in particular an air drive piston, with larger Piston surface, which component of a drive part, in particular an air drive part is.
  • the operating pressure is essentially dependent on the transmission ratio between the drive piston and the high-pressure piston.
  • the drive part is an air drive part, then it has an air drive connection on, to which an air drive supply is coupled.
  • the high-pressure section has a suction connection coupled suction side and one coupled to a pressure port Pressure side.
  • the suction port has an inlet fitting and the pressure port via an outlet fitting.
  • the fittings may e.g. Valves, such as intake or exhaust valves, flaps or slides, which may be Sensor-controlled.
  • the piston high-pressure pump works until the desired final pressure is built up or the pressure equalization is reached. At pressure drop, e.g. through leaking seals, can the high-pressure piston pump to make the pressure equalization again.
  • Pressure sensors and a pressure regulating unit can the operation of the high-pressure piston pump be automated so that the high-pressure piston pump when reaching the final or target pressure automatically stops and at a possible Pressure drop automatically builds up the target pressure again.
  • the pressure is maintained as long as no pressure drop occurs on the high pressure side, without Energy consumption, since the closed high-pressure side exhaust valve no Pressure reduction is possible.
  • the generated pressures for hydroforming and / or for the integrated execution of perforations by means of high pressure controlled Stamping can be up to 4000 bar.
  • the piston high-pressure pumps can in the suction and / or pressure lines for Balancing the pulsating volume flow so-called air chamber (suction, or Pressure wind boilers).
  • the pressure generating system for generating the internal high pressure and / or the Piston counterpressure preferably contains a prefilling pump for filling the workpiece with the active medium and for generating a base pressure on which is constructed with one or more piston high-pressure pumps, the final pressure.
  • a priming pressure of 1 to 150 bar can be established with the priming pump become.
  • base pressures of from 1 to 10 bar may be constructed.
  • the priming pump may e.g. be a centrifugal pump.
  • the device according to the invention can be a pressure generating system according to Invention both for generating an internal high pressure and for generating a platen back pressure for attaching recesses, in particular Holes in the workpiece by means of pressure-controlled punches during the hydroforming process contain.
  • the pressure generation for the two process operations can be done by the same pressure generator.
  • the printing industry it is preferably done by separate, non-coupled pressure generating systems.
  • the forming tool can be achieved via mechanical fastening means, such as screws, closed and locked.
  • the closing and locking of the forming tool can also be done via a hydraulic device.
  • Another object of the invention is further characterized in that the to be exercised on the forming tool closing and locking forces by means of a Displacement pump, in particular by means of a piston high-pressure pump, as in described above. All previously described Variants of displacement or piston high pressure pumps also apply to this subject application.
  • At least one Displacement pump in particular a piston high-pressure pump, as in the preceding Text described, provided. All described in the previous text Variants of displacement or piston high pressure pumps also apply to this subject application.
  • the sealing stamp can be used individually for each use and independently of the others For purposes of use or done in any combination with each other. Likewise, for each use, separate or coupled printer generators may be used be provided.
  • the invention also relates to a method for forming at least one Cavity having workpiece by means of a flowable active medium in the internal cavity pressure generated in the sealed cavity of the workpiece, wherein the internal high pressure by means of a positive displacement pump according to the characteristics of Claim 1 is generated.
  • the device according to the invention allows a flexible adaptation of the hydroforming system to the performance requirements of the forming process. If necessary, the printing performance effortlessly increased by connecting additional piston high-pressure pumps become.
  • the said high-pressure piston pumps are in contrast to uniform Working pressure translators of smaller weight and smaller size, so that the device according to the invention, e.g. for experimental purposes or for small series can be quickly and easily assembled and disassembled and transported.
  • the device according to the invention allows the spatial separation of Forming tool and pressure generating system, wherein the pressure generation via Pressure supply to the forming tool takes place.
  • the hydroforming device contains a forming tool 4 with a cavity, which receives a hollow profile 42 with a profile cavity 5, wherein for generating an internal high pressure in the profile cavity 5, the front profile openings sealed with punches 43.
  • the hydroforming device further includes a pressure generating system 1, which is a pressure generating unit 2 of one or more comprises high-pressure piston pumps connected in parallel and a priming pump 3. About the pressure supply line 9 of the profile cavity 5 through the priming pump. 3 filled with the active medium and simultaneously generates a base pressure while over a line 41 in the filling phase, the ventilation of the profile cavity 5 takes place.
  • the pressure generating unit 2 includes a suction pipe 44 through which the Active medium is supplied via a suction port to the high pressure area. Further, the pressure generating unit 2 includes an air drive line on the primary side 40, via which the drive air is pressurized e.g. 1 - 10 bar is supplied.
  • the air drive line 40 may be preceded by a compressor (compressor) (Not shown).
  • the pressure supply line 7a is via a pressure connection to the high pressure side the pressure generating unit 2 coupled. After a base pressure was generated by the Vor colllpumpe is by means of the pressure generating unit. 2 built up via the pressure supply line 7a of the final pressure and initiated the forming process.
  • the derivative of the active medium after the forming process via the Line 41 wherein the active medium by means of compressed air, which via a line 8 in the profile cavity 5 is introduced, is driven out.
  • the derivative of the active medium but from the profile cavity can also be done elsewhere.
  • the forming tool 4 may further include a punching device 6, which has a wall-mounted in a wall piercing in the forming tool 4 guided punch contains.
  • the punch movement or position is via pressure regulation via a pressure supply line 7b controlled.
  • the pressure is regulated by a high-pressure piston pump the pressure generating unit 2.
  • the high-pressure piston pump for Control of the punch movement can occasionally one of the hydropower plant decoupled to be separate device.
  • the high-pressure piston pump 10a, b of a first embodiment according to FIG. 2a, b is a single-acting high-pressure piston pump with single-stage air drive. Compressed air is supplied to an air driving part 12a, b via an air supply port 17a, b, and an air driving piston 13a, b is driven by compressed air.
  • the air drive piston 13a, b is coupled to a high-pressure piston 14a, b of a high-pressure part 11a, b, the high-pressure piston 14a, b having a gear ratio forming a smaller piston effective area than the air drive piston 13a, b.
  • the high-pressure part 11a, b includes a suction port 16a, b with an inlet valve and a pressure port 15a, b with an outlet valve.
  • a liquid active medium is sucked by the returning high-pressure piston to generate a negative pressure through a supply line from a reservoir via the inlet valve in the piston chamber of the high pressure part 11a, b and by ancestors of the high pressure piston 14a, b below Generation of a primary pressure p 1 at the air drive piston 13a, b and a secondary pressure p 2 on the high pressure piston 14a, b through the exhaust valve in the pressure line, respectively.
  • the high-pressure piston pump 30a, b of a second embodiment according to FIG. 3a, b is a double-acting high-pressure piston pump with single-stage air drive.
  • Air supply ports 37a, b at both portion ends of the air driving portion 32a, b are alternately supplied with compressed air to an air driving portion 32a, b, respectively, with an air driving piston 33a, b driven bilaterally by reciprocal pressurization with compressed air.
  • the air drive piston 33a, b is coupled on both sides with a respective high-pressure piston 34a, b of two high-pressure parts 31a, b, the two high-pressure piston 34a, b forming a gear ratio having a smaller piston effective area than the air drive piston 33a, b.
  • the two high-pressure parts 31a, b each contain a suction port 36a, b with an inlet valve and a pressure port 35a, b with an outlet valve.
  • a liquid active medium is sucked by the returning high-pressure piston to generate a negative pressure through a supply line from a reservoir via the inlet valve in the piston chamber of the high pressure part 31a, b and by ancestors of the high pressure piston 34a, b below Generation of a primary pressure p 1 on the air drive piston 13a, b and a secondary pressure p 2 on the high-pressure piston 14a, b pressed through the outlet valve in the pressure line.
  • the two high-pressure parts 31a, b work mutually.
  • the high-pressure piston pump 20a, b of a third embodiment according to FIG. 4a, b is a single-acting high-pressure piston pump with two-stage air drive. Compressed air is supplied via two air supply ports 27a, b into a sub-chamber of an air drive part 22a, b receiving an air drive piston 23a, b, wherein the two air drive pistons 23a, b are simultaneously driven by simultaneous application of compressed air.
  • the two air drive pistons 23a, b are mutually coupled together with a high pressure piston 24a, b of a high pressure part 21a, b, wherein the high pressure piston 24a, b forming a gear ratio has a smaller piston effective area than the air drive piston 23a, b.
  • the high-pressure part 21a, b includes a suction port 26a, b with an inlet valve and a pressure port 25a, b with an outlet valve.
  • a liquid active medium is sucked by the returning high-pressure piston to generate a negative pressure through a supply line from a reservoir via the inlet valve in the piston chamber of the high pressure part 21a, b and by ancestors of the high pressure piston 24a, b below Generation of a primary pressure p 1 on the air drive piston 13a, b and a secondary pressure p 2 on the high-pressure piston 14a, b pressed through the outlet valve in the pressure line.
  • the same final pressure can be achieved with half of the air drive pressure as a single-acting pump with an air drive piston according to FIG. 2.
  • three or more air drive pistons can also be provided.
  • the multi-stage air drive can be combined with double-acting pumps.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A pressure converter includes a longitudinally coupled displacement body with different working surface areas. The displacement body operates with a stroke frequency and a pressure created on a primary side. The pressure can be converted into a higher pressure by the strokes of the pressure converter until an end pressure is reached on a secondary side. An Independent claim is also included for a workpiece forming process.

Description

Vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Umformen eines wenigstens einen Hohlraum aufweisenden Werkstücks mittels über ein strömbares Wirkmedium in dem abgedichteten Hohlraum des Werkstücks erzeugten Innenhochdrucks, enthaltend ein Umformwerkzeug mit einer das Werkstück aufnehmenden Kavität, und eine Druckerzeugungsanlage zur Erzeugung eines Innenhochdrucks. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zum Umformen besagter Werkstücke unter Verwendung einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung.The present invention relates to a device for forming an at least a cavity having workpiece by means of a flowable active medium in the sealed cavity of the workpiece generated hydroforming, containing a forming tool with a cavity receiving the workpiece, and a pressure generating system for generating an internal high pressure. The invention further relates to a method for forming said workpieces under Use of a device according to the invention.

Eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff der Ansprüche 1 und 2 ist beispielsweise aus der DE-A-195 30 056 bekannt.A device according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2 is for example from the DE-A-195 30 056 known.

Beim sogenannten Innenhochdruckumformverfahren, nachfolgend IHU-Verfahren genannt, wird ein Hohlkörper mittels Innenhochdruck ausgedehnt bzw. umgeformt. Dazu werden die Öffnungen des Hohlkörpers mittels Dichtstempel abgedichtet, um in dessen Hohlraum mittels eines Wirk- bzw. Druckmediums, welches über den Dichtstempel in den Hohlraum des Werkstücks zugeführt wird, einen Überdruck aufzubauen und zu halten. Der erzeugte Überdruck führt zu einer Ausweitung bzw. Umformung des Hohlkörpers, wobei der Hohlkörper die durch die Werkzeugkavität, in welche der Hohlkörper zuvor eingelegt wurde, vorgebene Raumform annimmt.In the so-called hydroforming process, hereafter the hydroforming process called, a hollow body is expanded or reshaped by means of internal high pressure. For this purpose, the openings of the hollow body are sealed by means of a sealing die to in the cavity by means of an active or pressure medium, which over the Sealing stamp is fed into the cavity of the workpiece, an overpressure build and hold. The generated overpressure leads to an expansion or Forming of the hollow body, wherein the hollow body through the Werkzeugkavität, in which the hollow body was previously inserted, assumes predetermined spatial form.

Seit einiger Zeit nutzt man mit dem IHU-Verfahren ferner auch eine Verfahrenskombination von Umformen und Schneiden, Stanzen bzw. Lochen. Das heisst, während dem IHU-Verfahren werden mittels Innenhochdruck zugleich Ausnehmungen aus den Wandungen herausgearbeitet.For some time, one also uses a combination of processes with the hydroforming process from forming and cutting, punching or punching. This means, During the hydroforming process, recesses are simultaneously produced by means of internal high pressure worked out of the walls.

Die umformrelevanten Drücke, welche aufgebaut werden müssen, hängen unter anderem vom umzuformenden Werkstoff, von der Formgebung und den Wanddikken des Werkstücks sowie von der Umformgeometrie und dem Umformungsgrad ab. Ferner erfordert das Auspressen von Öffnungen mittels IHU-Verfahrens besondere Anforderungen an die Innendrücke.The deformation-relevant pressures that have to be built up are lost from the material to be formed, the shape and the Wanddikken of the workpiece as well as the forming geometry and the degree of deformation from. Furthermore, the pressing of openings by means of hydroforming process requires special Requirements for internal pressures.

Zur Erzeugung des Innenhochdrucks stehen bis anhin sogenannte gleichförmig arbeitende Druckübersetzer mit hydraulischem Antrieb für flüssige Druckmedien im Einsatz. Gleichförmig arbeitende Druckübersetzer sind funktionsgemäss zwei längsgekoppelte Zylinder mit verschieden grossen Wirkflächen A1, A2, praktisch als Gerät mit Stufenkolben ausgeführt, mit denen der primärseitig aufgebrachte Druck p1 auf den höheren Enddruck, den sogenannten Sekundärdruck p2, gewandelt wird, wobei der Stufenkolben zur Druckerzeugung einen einfachen Weg zurücklegt. Der Druckerhöhungsfaktor ergibt sich bei Vernachlässigung der Reibungsdruckverluste als Verhältnis der Wirkflächen: p 2 p 1 = A 1 A 2 . To produce the internal high pressure are so far uniformly working pressure booster with hydraulic drive for liquid media in use. Uniformly working pressure booster are functionally two longitudinally coupled cylinders with different sized effective areas A 1 , A 2 , designed practically as a device with stepped piston with which the primary side applied pressure p 1 to the higher final pressure, the so-called secondary pressure p 2 , is converted, the stepped piston a simple way to create pressure. The pressure increase factor results in neglecting the friction pressure losses as a ratio of the effective areas: p 2 p 1 = A 1 A 2 ,

Da der Druckübersetzer sekundärseitig mit relativ grosser Kolbenfläche arbeitet, erfolgt der primärseitige Betrieb in der Regel mit flüssigen Medien.Since the pressure intensifier works on the secondary side with a relatively large piston area, Primary-side operation usually takes place with liquid media.

Üblicherweise enthält die Druckerzeugungsanlage eine Vorfüllpumpe, welche das Innenhochdruck-System zu Beginn des Umformprozesses mit dem Druckmedium beschickt und zugleich einen erhöhten Basisdruck erzeugt. Mittels Druckübersetzer wird nachfolgend der End- bzw. Umformdruck erzeugt. Da der Volumenstrom des kaum komprimierbaren flüssigen Druckmediums aufgrund des vorgängig erzeugten Basisdrucks klein ist, wird der durch den Stufenkolben erzeugte Umformdruck unmittelbar erreicht, wobei der einfach zurückgelegte Weg des Stufenkolbens in der Regel unter dem maximal möglichen einfachen Kolbenweg liegt.Usually, the pressure generating system includes a Vorfüllpumpe, which the Hydroforming system at the beginning of the forming process with the pressure medium fed and created at the same time an increased base pressure. By pressure intensifier Subsequently, the final or forming pressure is generated. Since the volume flow of hardly compressible liquid pressure medium due to the previously generated Base pressure is small, the forming pressure generated by the stepped piston immediately achieved, with the simply traveled path of the stepped piston in the Usually under the maximum possible simple piston travel is.

Der durch den Druckübersetzer maximal erzeugbare Volumenstrom des Druckmediums ist durch den einfachen Kolbenweg begrenzt, d.h. nachdem der Stufenkolben einen einfachen Kolbenweg zurückgelegt hat, ist eine weitere Druckerhöhung nicht mehr möglich. Diese Problematik tritt beispielsweise in Fällen auf, in welchen der Druckübersetzer relativ hohe Volumenströme zur Druckerzeugung generieren muss, wie beispielsweise bei einem Leck auf der Hochdruckseite oder bei sehr grossen Profilaufweitungen im Umformprozess. So kann es vorkommen, dass der Druckübersetzer den notwendigen Maximaldruck nicht erzeugen kann, da dieser nach Zurücklegen eines einfachen Kolbenweges durch den Stufenkolben noch nicht erreicht ist.The maximum volume flow of the pressure medium that can be generated by the pressure intensifier is limited by the simple piston travel, i. after the stepped piston has traveled a simple piston stroke, is a further pressure increase not possible anymore. This problem occurs, for example, in cases in which the pressure intensifier generate relatively high volume flows for pressure generation such as a leak on the high pressure side or very large Profile widening in the forming process. So it can happen that the Pressure intensifier can not produce the necessary maximum pressure, since this after covering a simple piston stroke through the stepped piston still is not reached.

Herkömmliche, mit Druckübersetzern ausgerüstete IHU-Vorrichtungen sind relativ unflexibel, da der Volumenstrom, welcher ein Druckübersetzer zur Erzeugung des Innenhochdrucks generieren kann, durch den einfachen Kolbenweg begrenzt ist. Ferner ist die Installation und der Betrieb herkömmlicher Druckübersetzer verhältnismässig aufwendig, so dass z.B. der Aufbau einer IHU-Vorrichtung zu temporären Versuchszwecken oder für Kleinserien unter Verwendung von gleichförmig arbeitenden Druckübersetzern kaum wirtschaftlich ist. Conventional hydroforming devices equipped with pressure intensifiers are relatively inflexible, since the volume flow, which is a pressure booster for generating the Hydrogen pressure can generate, is limited by the simple piston travel. Furthermore, the installation and operation of conventional pressure intensifiers is proportionate consuming, so that e.g. the construction of an IHU device to temporary Experimental or for small series using uniform working Pressure translators is hardly economical.

Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist, eine IHU-Vorrichtung mit einer Druckerzeugungsvorrichtung vorzuschlagen, welche eine flexible Leistungsanpassung bezüglich der Höchstdrücke erlaubt sowie flexibel in ihrer Installation und im Arbeitseinsatz ist und trotzdem kostengünstig ist.Object of the present invention is an IHU device with a pressure generating device to propose a flexible performance adjustment The maximum pressures allowed and flexible in their installation and in the work is and still inexpensive.

Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Druckerzeugsanlage eine Verdrängungspumpe mit einem Druckübersetzer aus einem längsgekoppelten Verdrängungskörper mit verschieden grossen Wirkflächen A1, A2 enthält, und der Verdrängungskörper mit einer Hubfrequenz f arbeitet, und sich mittels Hubbewegungen des Druckübersetzers ein primärseitig aufgebrachter Druck p1 bis zur Erreichung eines sekundärseitigen Enddruckes jeweils auf einen höheren Sekundärdruck p2 wandeln lässt, wobei sich der Druckerhöhungsfaktor aus der Beziehung: p 2 p 1 = A 1 A 2 ableiten lässt.The object is achieved in that the pressure generating system includes a positive displacement pump with a pressure booster of a longitudinally coupled displacement body with different sizes of effective areas A 1, A 2, and the displacement body operates f with a stroke frequency, and p is a primary side pressure applied by means of strokes of the pressure booster 1 each to a secondary secondary pressure p 2 can be converted to reach a secondary end pressure, wherein the pressure increase factor from the relationship: p 2 p 1 = A 1 A 2 can derive.

Ferner betrifft die Erfindung auch eine Vorrichtung zum Umformen eines wenigstens einen Hohlraum aufweisenden Werkstücks mittels über ein strömbares Wirkmedium in dem abgedichteten Hohlraum des Werkstücks erzeugten Innenhochdrucks, enthaltend ein Umformwerkzeug mit einer das Werkstück aufnehmenden Kavität, wobei das Umformwerkzeug Mittel zum Anbringen von Ausnehmungen, insbesondere von Lochungen, im Werkstück während des IHU-Prozesses enthält, und die Mittel einen in einem Wandhohlraum des Formwerkzeuges wandschlüssig geführten Stempel umfassen, wobei die Ausnehmungen durch Zurückfahren des Stempels entgegen dem Werkstück über die Wirkung des Innenhochddrucks eingebracht werden, und die Stempelbewegung über einen Stempelgegendruck gesteuert wird und der Stempelgegendruck über eine Druckerzeugungsanlage erzeugt wird. Die besagte Druckerzeugungsanlage enthält eine Verdrängungspumpe mit einem Druckübersetzer aus einem längsgekoppelten Verdrängungskörper mit verschieden grossen Wirkflächen A1, A2, wobei der Verdrängungskörper mit einer Hubfrequenz f arbeitet, und mittels Hubbewegungen des Druckübersetzers ein primärseitig aufgebrachter Druck p1 bis zur Erreichung eines sekundärseitigen Enddruckes jeweils auf einen höheren Sekundärdruck p2 gewandelt wird, wobei sich der Druckerhöhungsfaktor aus der Beziehung: p 2 p 1 = A 1 A 2 ableiten lässt.Furthermore, the invention also relates to a device for forming a workpiece having at least one cavity by means of internal high pressure generated in the sealed cavity of the workpiece via a flowable active medium, comprising a forming tool with a cavity receiving the workpiece, wherein the forming tool comprises means for attaching recesses, in particular Perforations contained in the workpiece during the hydroforming process, and the means comprise a wall mounted in a wall cavity of the mold wall-mounted punch, wherein the recesses are introduced by retracting the punch against the workpiece on the effect of Innenhochddrucks, and the punch movement controlled by a plunger back pressure is and the plunger back pressure is generated via a pressure generating system. The said pressure generating system includes a positive displacement pump with a pressure booster from a longitudinally coupled displacement body with different sized effective areas A 1 , A 2 , wherein the displacement body operates at a stroke frequency f , and by means of strokes of the pressure booster a primary side applied pressure p 1 to achieve a secondary-side end pressure respectively is converted to a higher secondary pressure p 2 , wherein the pressure increase factor from the relationship: p 2 p 1 = A 1 A 2 can derive.

Der zur Erreichung eines sekundärseitigen Enddruckes während eines Umformzykluses mit einer Hubfrequenz f arbeitende Druckübersetzer der Verdrängerpumpe ist foglich im Gegensatz zum gleichförmig arbeitenden Druckübersetzer ein oszillierender Druckübersetzer, welcher den vorgebenen Kolbenweg mehrfach zurücklegt. Somit lässt sich im Gegensatz zum gleichförmig arbeitenden Druckübersetzer ein kontinuierlicher, unbegrenzter Volumenstrom des Druckmediums erzeugen, da dieser nicht von einem einfachen Kolbenweg abhängig ist.The to achieve a secondary-side final pressure during a forming cycle with a stroke frequency f working pressure booster of the positive displacement pump is in contrast to the uniformly working intensifier an oscillating Pressure booster, which covers the given piston travel several times. Thus, in contrast to the uniformly working intensifier produce continuous, unlimited volume flow of the pressure medium, since this is not dependent on a simple piston travel.

Die Werkstücke können zum Beispiel Ein- oder Mehrkammerhohlprofile mit stirnseitigen Öffnungen sein. Ferner können die Werkstücke auch Hohlkörper mit einer behälterförmigen Gestalt sein. Die Werkstücke sind bevorzugt aus Metall, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung.The workpieces can, for example, single or multi-chamber hollow profiles with frontal Be openings. Furthermore, the workpieces can also hollow body with a be container-shaped shape. The workpieces are preferably made of metal, in particular made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Die Druckerzeugungsanlage zur Erzeugung des Innenhochdrucks und/oder des Stempelgegendrucks enthält bevorzugt eine Hubkolbenhochdruckpumpe, auch Kolbenhochdruckpumpe genannt. Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe ist primärseitig bevorzugt pneumatisch, d.h. mit einem Gas, wie Luft. bzw. Druckluft, betrieben. Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe wird bevorzugt mit Druckluft im Bereich von 1 bis 15 bar angetrieben, wobei die Druckluft mittels eines separaten Verdichters, wie Kompressor, auf einen höheren Druck befördert und der Verdrängungspumpe zugeführt wird. Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe kann primärseitig auch hydraulisch, d.h. mit einem flüssigen Medium betrieben werden. Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe ist bevorzugt selbstsaugend.The pressure generating system for generating the internal high pressure and / or the Stempelgegendrucks preferably includes a reciprocating high pressure pump, too Called high-pressure piston pump. The high-pressure piston pump is preferred on the primary side pneumatically, i. with a gas, like air. or compressed air, operated. The High-pressure piston pump is preferably used with compressed air in the range of 1 to 15 bar driven, the compressed air by means of a separate compressor, such as compressor, transported to a higher pressure and fed to the displacement pump becomes. The high-pressure piston pump can also hydraulically, i. with a be operated liquid medium. The high-pressure piston pump is preferred self-priming.

Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe kann primärseitig einen ein- oder mehrstufigen Kolbenantrieb aufweisen. Das heisst, die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe kann primärseitig einen, zwei, drei oder mehrere gekoppelte Kolben aufweisen. Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe mit einem primärseitig ein- oder mehrstufigen Kolbenantrieb kann ferner eine einfach- oder doppelwirkende Kolbenhochdruckpumpe sein. Das heisst, die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe erzeugt in einer oder beiden Hubrichtungen einen sekundärseitigen Druck. The high-pressure piston pump can on the primary side a single or multi-stage piston drive exhibit. This means that the high-pressure piston pump can be primary side have one, two, three or more coupled pistons. The high-pressure piston pump with a primary side single or multi-stage piston drive can also be a single or double acting high pressure piston pump. This means, the high-pressure piston pump generates a secondary side in one or both stroke directions Print.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung enthält die Druckerzeugungsanlage zur Erzeugung des Innenhochdrucks und/oder des Stempelgegendrucks eine Mehrzahl von parallel geschalteten Kolbenhochdruckpumpen. Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpen bedienen ein gemeinsames Hochdrucksystem, wobei die Kolbenhochdruckpumpen zur Erreichung eines möglichst konstanten Förderstroms bevorzugt über einen Hubfrequenzrichter, z.B. einen pneumatischen Hubfrequenzrichter, gesteuert sind, so dass in wechselseitigem Arbeitstakt ein kontinuierlicher Förderstrom bis zur Erreichung des Solldruckes erzeugt wird.In a preferred embodiment of the invention includes the pressure generating system for generating the internal high pressure and / or the piston back pressure a Plurality of parallel piston high-pressure pumps. The piston high-pressure pumps operate a common high-pressure system, the high-pressure piston pumps to achieve a constant flow as possible preferred via a stroke frequency judge, e.g. a pneumatic stroke frequency converter, are controlled so that in reciprocal power stroke, a continuous flow is generated until the target pressure is reached.

Das Wirkmedium, welches sekundärseitig, d.h. zur Erzeugung des Innenhochdrucks und/oder des Stempelgegendrucks, eingesetzt wird, ist bevorzugt ein dünn- bis dickflüssiges Wirkmedium. Das Wirkmedium kann beispielsweise Wasser und/oder Öl enthalten und z.B. eine Wasser-ÖI-Emulsion sein. Primärseitig kann der Kolbenantrieb wie bereits genannt durch eine Flüssigkeit oder ein Gas erfolgen.The active medium, which secondary side, i. for generating the internal high pressure and / or the piston back pressure, is preferably a thin until viscous medium. The active medium, for example, water and / or oil and e.g. a water-oil emulsion. Primary side can the piston drive as already mentioned by a liquid or a gas.

Der Druckübersetzer der Kolbenhochddruckpumpe enthält bevorzugt einen Hochdruckkolben mit kleiner Kolbenfläche, welcher Komponente eines Hochdruckteils ist, und einen Antriebskolben, insbesondere einen Luftantriebskolben, mit grosser Kolbenfläche, welcher Komponente eines Antriebteils, insbesondere eines Luftantriebteils ist. Der Betriebsdruck ist im wesentlichen abhängig vom Übersetzungsverhältnis zwischen dem Antriebskolben und dem Hochdruckkolben. Da der Stufenkolben sich durch eine oszillierende Arbeitsweise auszeichnet und dadurch der erzeugbare Volumenstrom prinzipiell unbeschränkt ist, kann die hochdruckseitige Kolbenfläche im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen gleichförmig arbeitenden Druckübersetzern sehr klein gewählt werden, was wiederum die Anlagengrösse reduziert.The pressure booster of the piston high-pressure pump preferably contains a high-pressure piston with small piston area, which component of a high pressure part is, and a drive piston, in particular an air drive piston, with larger Piston surface, which component of a drive part, in particular an air drive part is. The operating pressure is essentially dependent on the transmission ratio between the drive piston and the high-pressure piston. As the stepped piston characterized by an oscillating mode of operation and thereby the Generable volume flow is in principle unlimited, the high-pressure side Piston area compared to conventional uniform pressure intensifiers be very small, which in turn reduces the size of the system.

Ist der Antriebteil ein Luftantriebteil, so weist dieser einen Luftantriebsanschluss auf, an welchen eine Luftantriebszuleitung gekoppelt ist. Durch Einsatz eines Druckluftreglers in der Luftantriebsleitung kann der Betriebsdruck gegebenenfalls leicht voreingestellt werden. Der Hochdruckteil verfügt über eine an einen Sauganschluss gekoppelte Saugseite sowie eine an einen Druckanschluss gekoppelte Druckseite. Der Sauganschluss verfügt über eine Einlass-Armatur und der Druckanschluss über ein Auslass-Armatur. Die Armaturen können z.B. Ventile, wie Einlass- bzw. Auslassventile, Klappen oder Schieber sein, welche gegebenenfalls Sensor-gesteuert sind.If the drive part is an air drive part, then it has an air drive connection on, to which an air drive supply is coupled. By using a Compressed air regulator in the air drive line, the operating pressure may be be easily preset. The high-pressure section has a suction connection coupled suction side and one coupled to a pressure port Pressure side. The suction port has an inlet fitting and the pressure port via an outlet fitting. The fittings may e.g. Valves, such as intake or exhaust valves, flaps or slides, which may be Sensor-controlled.

Durch Ausführen eines Vorhubes durch den Antriebskolben wird im Hochdruckteil ein Unterdruck erzeugt, wodurch an der Saugseite der Pumpe das Einlassventil geöffnet wird und das Wirkmedium aus der Saugseite in die Kolbenkammer der Hochdruckseite strömt während das Auslassventil geschlossen bleibt. Mittels Luftantrieb wird primärseitig ein Rückhub erzeugt, durch welchen auf der Hochdruckseite ein Sekundärdruck aufgebaut wird, wodurch das Auslassventil geöffnet wird und über eine Druckleitung im Umformwerkzeug ein Innenhochdruck bzw. Stempelgegendruck aufgebaut wird. Das Einlassventil bleibt während dieses Vorganges geschlossen.By performing a Vorhubes by the drive piston is in the high pressure part generates a negative pressure, whereby at the suction side of the pump, the inlet valve is opened and the active medium from the suction side into the piston chamber of the High pressure side flows while the exhaust valve remains closed. through Air drive, a return stroke is generated on the primary side, through which on the high pressure side a secondary pressure is built up, whereby the outlet valve is opened is and via a pressure line in the forming tool a hydroforming or Stamping back pressure is built up. The inlet valve remains during this process closed.

Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe arbeitet bis der angestrebte Enddruck aufgebaut bzw. der Druckausgleich erreicht ist. Bei Druckabfall, z.B. durch lecke Dichtungen, kann die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe den erneuten Druckausgleich herstellen. Mittels Drucksensoren und einer Druckregulierungseinheit kann die Arbeitsweise der Kolbenhochdruckpumpe automatisiert werden, so dass die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe bei erreichen des End- bzw. Solldruckes automatisch stoppt und bei einem allfälligem Druckabfall automatisch den Solldruck wieder aufbaut.The piston high-pressure pump works until the desired final pressure is built up or the pressure equalization is reached. At pressure drop, e.g. through leaking seals, can the high-pressure piston pump to make the pressure equalization again. through Pressure sensors and a pressure regulating unit can the operation of the high-pressure piston pump be automated so that the high-pressure piston pump when reaching the final or target pressure automatically stops and at a possible Pressure drop automatically builds up the target pressure again.

Die Druckhaltung erfolgt, solange kein Druckabfall hochdruckseitig eintritt, ohne Energieverbrauch, da durch das geschlossene hochdruckseitige Auslassventil kein Druckabbau möglich ist. Die erzeugten Drücke für die Innenhochdruckumformung und/oder für die intergrierte Ausführung von Lochungen mittels hochdruckgesteuerten Stempeln können bis zu 4000 bar betragen.The pressure is maintained as long as no pressure drop occurs on the high pressure side, without Energy consumption, since the closed high-pressure side exhaust valve no Pressure reduction is possible. The generated pressures for hydroforming and / or for the integrated execution of perforations by means of high pressure controlled Stamping can be up to 4000 bar.

Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpen können in den Saug- und/oder Druckleitungen zum Ausgleich des pulsierenden Volumenstroms sogenannte Windkessel (Saug-, bzw. Druckwindkessel) enthalten.The piston high-pressure pumps can in the suction and / or pressure lines for Balancing the pulsating volume flow so-called air chamber (suction, or Pressure wind boilers).

Die Druckerzeugungsanlage zur Erzeugung des Innenhochdrucks und/oder des Stempelgegendrucks enthält bevorzugt eine Vorfüllpumpe zur Füllung des Werkstückes mit dem Wirkmedium und zur Erzeugung eines Basisdrucks, auf welchem mit einer oder mehreren Kolbenhochdruckpumpen der Enddruck aufgebaut wird. Mit der Vorfüllpumpe kann beispielsweise ein Basisdruck von 1 bis 150 bar aufgebaut werden. Besonders bevorzugt werden Basisdrücke von 1 bis 10 bar aufgebaut. Die Vorfüllpumpe kann z.B. eine Kreiselpumpe sein.The pressure generating system for generating the internal high pressure and / or the Piston counterpressure preferably contains a prefilling pump for filling the workpiece with the active medium and for generating a base pressure on which is constructed with one or more piston high-pressure pumps, the final pressure. For example, a priming pressure of 1 to 150 bar can be established with the priming pump become. Particular preference is given to constructing base pressures of from 1 to 10 bar. The priming pump may e.g. be a centrifugal pump.

Da mittels der genannten Verdrängungspumpe ein prinzipiell unbegrenzter Volumenstrom erzeugt werden kann, kann fallweise auf eine Vorfüllpumpe verzichtet werden. Because by means of said displacement pump a principle unlimited flow can be generated, can be dispensed case by case on a priming pump become.

Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung kann eine Druckerzeugungsanlage gemäss Erfindung sowohl zur Erzeugung eines Innenhochdrucks als auch zur Erzeugung eines Stempelsgegendrucks zum Anbringen von Ausnehmungen, insbesondere Lochungen, im Werkstück mittels druckgesteuerten Stempeln während des Innenhochdruckumformprozesses enthalten. Die Druckerzeugung für die beiden Verfahrensvorgänge kann durch dieselbe Druckerzeugungsanlage geschehen. Die Drukkerzeugung erfolgt jedoch bevorzugt durch separate, nicht gekoppelte Druckerzeugungsanlagen.The device according to the invention can be a pressure generating system according to Invention both for generating an internal high pressure and for generating a platen back pressure for attaching recesses, in particular Holes in the workpiece by means of pressure-controlled punches during the hydroforming process contain. The pressure generation for the two process operations can be done by the same pressure generator. The printing industry However, it is preferably done by separate, non-coupled pressure generating systems.

Das Umformwerkzeug kann über mechanische Befestigungsmittel, wie Schrauben, geschlossen und zugehalten werden. Das Schliessen und Zuhalten des Umformwerkzeugs kann auch über eine Hydraulik-Vorrichtung erfolgen.The forming tool can be achieved via mechanical fastening means, such as screws, closed and locked. The closing and locking of the forming tool can also be done via a hydraulic device.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung zeichnet sich ferner dadurch aus, dass die auf das Umformwerkzeug auszuübenden Schliess- und Zuhaltekräfte mittels einer Verdrängungspumpe, insbesondere mittels einer Kolbenhochdruckpumpe, wie im vorangehenden Text beschrieben, erzeugt werden. Sämtliche vorangehend beschriebenen Ausführungsvarianten der Verdrängungs- bzw. Kolbenhochdruckpumpen finden auch auf diesen Gegenstand Anwendung.Another object of the invention is further characterized in that the to be exercised on the forming tool closing and locking forces by means of a Displacement pump, in particular by means of a piston high-pressure pump, as in described above. All previously described Variants of displacement or piston high pressure pumps also apply to this subject application.

Ferner ist in einem weiteren Gegenstand der Erfindung zwecks Erzeugung der Schliess- und Zuhaltekräfte sowie zwecks Nachführen der den Hohlraum des Werkstücks abdichtenden Zylinder, auch Dichtstempel genannt, wenigstens eine Verdrängungspumpe, insbesondere eine Kolbenhochdruckpumpe, wie im vorangehenden Text beschrieben, vorgesehen. Sämtliche im vorangehenden Text beschriebenen Ausführungsvarianten der Verdrängungs- bzw. Kolbenhochdruckpumpen finden auch auf diesen Gegenstand Anwendung.Furthermore, in a further subject of the invention for the purpose of generating the Closing and locking forces and for the purpose of tracking the cavity of the Workpiece sealing cylinder, also called sealing stamp, at least one Displacement pump, in particular a piston high-pressure pump, as in the preceding Text described, provided. All described in the previous text Variants of displacement or piston high pressure pumps also apply to this subject application.

Der Einsatz von Verdrängungs- bzw. Kolbenhochdruckpumpen in der IHU-Anlage wie vorangehend beschrieben zur Erzeugung des Innenhochdrucks, zur Erzeugung des Stempelgegendrucks für Lochungen, zur Erzeugung der Schliess- und Zuhaltekräfte des Umformwerkzeugs oder zur Erzeugung der Schliess- und Zuhaltekräfte der Dichtstempel kann für jede Verwendung einzeln und unabhängig von den anderen Verwendungszwecken oder in beliebiger Kombination miteinander geschehen. Ebenso können für jede Verwendung separate oder miteinander gekoppelte Drukkerzeugungsanlagen vorgesehen sein. The use of positive displacement or high pressure piston pumps in the hydroforming system as described above for generating the internal high pressure, for the production the punch back pressure for perforations, for generating the closing and clamping forces the forming tool or to generate the closing and locking forces The sealing stamp can be used individually for each use and independently of the others For purposes of use or done in any combination with each other. Likewise, for each use, separate or coupled printer generators may be used be provided.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Umformen eines wenigstens einen Hohlraum aufweisenden Werkstücks mittels über ein strömbares Wirkmedium in dem abgedichteten Hohlraum des Werkstücks erzeugten Innenhochdrucks, wobei der Innenhochdruck mittels einer Verdrängerpumpe gemäss dem Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 erzeugt wird.The invention also relates to a method for forming at least one Cavity having workpiece by means of a flowable active medium in the internal cavity pressure generated in the sealed cavity of the workpiece, wherein the internal high pressure by means of a positive displacement pump according to the characteristics of Claim 1 is generated.

Die Vorrichtung gemäss Erfindung erlaubt eine flexible Anpassung der IHU-Anlage an die Leistungserfordernisse des Umformprozesses. Bei Bedarf kann die Druckleistung durch Zuschalten von weiteren Kolbenhochdruckpumpen mühelos erhöht werden. Die besagten Kolbenhochdruckpumpen sind im Gegensatz zu gleichförmig arbeitenden Druckübersetzern von kleinerem Gewicht und kleinerer Grösse, so dass die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung z.B. für Versuchszwecke oder für Kleinserien schnell und problemlos auf- und abgebaut sowie transportiert werden kann.The device according to the invention allows a flexible adaptation of the hydroforming system to the performance requirements of the forming process. If necessary, the printing performance effortlessly increased by connecting additional piston high-pressure pumps become. The said high-pressure piston pumps are in contrast to uniform Working pressure translators of smaller weight and smaller size, so that the device according to the invention, e.g. for experimental purposes or for small series can be quickly and easily assembled and disassembled and transported.

Ferner erlaubt die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung die räumliche Trennung von Umformwerkzeug und Druckerzeugungsanlage, wobei die Druckerzeugung über Druckzuleitungen auf das Umformwerkzeug erfolgt.Furthermore, the device according to the invention allows the spatial separation of Forming tool and pressure generating system, wherein the pressure generation via Pressure supply to the forming tool takes place.

Die Verwendung von Hochdruckkolbenpumpen der beschriebenen Art zur Steuerung des Stempeldrucks bzw. Stempelgegendrucks weist überdies den Vorteil auf, dass innerhalb des Wanddurchstosses keine Druckübersetzer eingesetzt werden muss. Dadurch kann der maximale Durchmesser des Wandurchstosses gleich oder nur ein geringes Mass grösser ausgelegt werden als der Stempeldurchmesser. Es können somit mehrere nahe beieinander liegende Ausnehmungen durch individuell druckgesteuerte Stempel erfolgen. Ferner ist der Bearbeitungsaufwand zur Herstellung von Stempelöffnungen in der Werkzeugform wesentlich geringer.The use of high pressure piston pumps of the type described for control the stamp printing or stamp counterpressure also has the advantage that within the wall penetration no pressure booster can be used got to. As a result, the maximum diameter of the wall penetration equal or only a small amount to be designed larger than the punch diameter. It Thus, a plurality of recesses lying close to each other can be replaced by individual ones pressure-controlled stamp done. Furthermore, the processing cost for the production of punch openings in the mold considerably less.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung beispielhaft und mit Bezug auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen;

Fig. 1:
schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemässen IHU-Vorrichtung mit Druckerzeugungsanlage;
Fig. 2a,b:
Funktionsschema einer einfachwirkenden Kolbenhochddruckpumpe mit einstufigem Luftantrieb;
Fig. 3a,b:
Funktionsschema einer doppelwirkenden Kolbenhochdruckpumpe mit einstufigen Luftantrieb;
Fig. 4a,b:
Funktionsschema einer einfachwirkenden Kolbenhochddruckpumpe mit mehrstufigem Luftantrieb.
In the following the invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it;
Fig. 1:
schematic representation of an embodiment of an inventive hydroforming device with pressure generating system;
Fig. 2a, b:
Functional diagram of a single-acting piston high-pressure pump with single-stage air drive;
Fig. 3a, b:
Functional diagram of a double-acting high-pressure piston pump with single-stage air drive;
Fig. 4a, b:
Functional diagram of a single-acting piston high-pressure pump with multi-stage air drive.

Die IHU-Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 enthält ein Umformwerkzeug 4 mit einer Kavität, welche ein Hohlprofil 42 mit einem Profilhohlraum 5 aufnimmt, wobei zur Erzeugung eines Innenhochdrucks im Profilhohlraum 5 die stirnseitigen Profilöffnungen mit Stempeln 43 abgedichtet sind. Die IHU-Vorrichtung enthält ferner eine Druckerzeugungsanlage 1, welche eine Druckerzeugungs-Einheit 2 aus einer oder mehreren parallel geschalteten Kolbenhochdruckpumpen sowie eine Vorfüllpumpe 3 umfasst. Über die Druckzuleitung 9 wird der Profilhohlraum 5 durch die Vorfüllpumpe 3 mit dem Wirkmedium gefüllt und gleichzeitig ein Basisdruck erzeugt, während über eine Leitung 41 in der Füllphase die Entlüftung des Profilhohlraumes 5 erfolgt.1 contains a forming tool 4 with a cavity, which receives a hollow profile 42 with a profile cavity 5, wherein for generating an internal high pressure in the profile cavity 5, the front profile openings sealed with punches 43. The hydroforming device further includes a pressure generating system 1, which is a pressure generating unit 2 of one or more comprises high-pressure piston pumps connected in parallel and a priming pump 3. About the pressure supply line 9 of the profile cavity 5 through the priming pump. 3 filled with the active medium and simultaneously generates a base pressure while over a line 41 in the filling phase, the ventilation of the profile cavity 5 takes place.

Die Druckerzeugungs-Einheit 2 enthält eine Ansaugleitung 44, durch welche das Wirkmedium über einen Sauganschluss dem Hochdruckbereich zugeführt wird. Ferner enthält die Druckerzeugungs-Einheit 2 primärseitig eine Luftantriebsleitung 40, über welche die Antriebsluft mit einem Druck von z.B. 1 - 10 bar zugeführt wird. Der Luftantriebsleitung 40 kann ein Verdichter (Kompressor) vorgeschaltet sein (nicht gezeigt). Die Druckzuleitung 7a ist über einen Druckanschluss an die Hochdruckseite der Druckerzeugungs-Einheit 2 gekoppelt. Nachdem ein Basisdruck mittels der Vorfüllpumpe erzeugt wurde, wird mittels der Druckerzeugungseinheit 2 über die Druckzuleitung 7a der Enddruck aufgebaut und der Umformprozess eingeleitet. Die Ableitung des Wirkmedium nach dem Umformprozess erfolgt über die Leitung 41, wobei das Wirkmedium mittels Druckluft, welche über eine Leitung 8 in den Profilhohlraum 5 eingebracht wird, ausgetrieben wird. Die Ableitung des Wirkmediums aus dem Profilhohlraum kann jedoch auch andersweitig geschehen.The pressure generating unit 2 includes a suction pipe 44 through which the Active medium is supplied via a suction port to the high pressure area. Further, the pressure generating unit 2 includes an air drive line on the primary side 40, via which the drive air is pressurized e.g. 1 - 10 bar is supplied. The air drive line 40 may be preceded by a compressor (compressor) (Not shown). The pressure supply line 7a is via a pressure connection to the high pressure side the pressure generating unit 2 coupled. After a base pressure was generated by the Vorfüllpumpe is by means of the pressure generating unit. 2 built up via the pressure supply line 7a of the final pressure and initiated the forming process. The derivative of the active medium after the forming process via the Line 41, wherein the active medium by means of compressed air, which via a line 8 in the profile cavity 5 is introduced, is driven out. The derivative of the active medium but from the profile cavity can also be done elsewhere.

Das Umformwerkzeug 4 kann ferner eine Locheinrichtung 6 enthalten, welche einen wandschlüssig in einem Wanddurchstoss im Umformwerkzeug 4 geführten Stempel enthält. Die Stempelbewegung bzw. -position wird mittels Druckregulierung über eine Druckzuleitung 7b gesteuert. Die Druckregulierung erfolgt über eine Kolbenhochdruckpumpe der Druckerzeugungs-Einheit 2. Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe zur Steuerung der Stempelbewegung kann fallweise eine von der Innenhochdruckerzeugungsanlage entkoppelte, separate Vorrichtung sein.The forming tool 4 may further include a punching device 6, which has a wall-mounted in a wall piercing in the forming tool 4 guided punch contains. The punch movement or position is via pressure regulation via a pressure supply line 7b controlled. The pressure is regulated by a high-pressure piston pump the pressure generating unit 2. The high-pressure piston pump for Control of the punch movement can occasionally one of the hydropower plant decoupled to be separate device.

Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe 10a,b einer ersten Ausführungsart gemäss Fig. 2a,b ist eine einfachwirkende Kolbenhochdruckpumpe mit einstufigem Luftantrieb. Über einen Luftversorgungsanschluss 17a,b wird Druckluft einem Luftantriebteil 12a,b zugeführt, wobei ein Luftantriebskolben 13a,b durch Druckluft-Beaufschlagung angetrieben wird. Der Luftantriebskolben 13a,b ist mit einem Hochdruckkolben 14a,b eines Hochdruckteils 11a,b gekoppelt, wobei der Hochdruckkolben 14a,b unter Ausbildung eines Übersetzungsverhältnisses eine kleinere Kolbenwirkfläche aufweist als der Luftantriebskolben 13a,b. Der Hochdruckteil 11a,b enthält einen Sauganschluss 16a,b mit einem Einlassventil sowie einen Druckanschluss 15a,b mit einem Auslassventil. Je nach Arbeitstakt des ozillierenden Druckübersetzers (Luftantriebskolben und Hochdruckkolben) wird ein flüssiges Wirkmedium durch den zurückfahrenden Hochdruckkolben unter Erzeugung eines Unterdruckes durch eine Zuleitung aus einem Reservoir über das Einlassventil in den Kolbenraum des Hochdruckteils 11a,b angesaugt und durch Vorfahren des Hochdruckkolbens 14a,b unter Erzeugung eines Primärdrucks p1 am Luftantriebskolben 13a,b und eines Sekundärdrucks p2 am Hochdruckkolben 14a,b durch das Auslassventil in die Druckleitung resp. in den Profilhohlraum zwecks Erzeugung des Innenhochdrucks gepresst.The high-pressure piston pump 10a, b of a first embodiment according to FIG. 2a, b is a single-acting high-pressure piston pump with single-stage air drive. Compressed air is supplied to an air driving part 12a, b via an air supply port 17a, b, and an air driving piston 13a, b is driven by compressed air. The air drive piston 13a, b is coupled to a high-pressure piston 14a, b of a high-pressure part 11a, b, the high-pressure piston 14a, b having a gear ratio forming a smaller piston effective area than the air drive piston 13a, b. The high-pressure part 11a, b includes a suction port 16a, b with an inlet valve and a pressure port 15a, b with an outlet valve. Depending on the operating cycle of the ozillating pressure booster (air drive piston and high-pressure piston) a liquid active medium is sucked by the returning high-pressure piston to generate a negative pressure through a supply line from a reservoir via the inlet valve in the piston chamber of the high pressure part 11a, b and by ancestors of the high pressure piston 14a, b below Generation of a primary pressure p 1 at the air drive piston 13a, b and a secondary pressure p 2 on the high pressure piston 14a, b through the exhaust valve in the pressure line, respectively. pressed into the profile cavity for generating the internal high pressure.

Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe 30a,b einer zweiten Ausführungsart gemäss Fig. 3a,b ist eine doppelwirkende Kolbenhochdruckpumpe mit einstufigem Luftantrieb. Über Luftversorgungsanschlüsse 37a,b an beiden Abschnittsenden des Luftantriebteils 32a,b wird wechselseitig, je nach Takt, Druckluft einem Luftantriebteil 32a,b zugeführt, wobei ein Luftantriebskolben 33a,b durch wechselseitige Druckluft-Beaufschlagung beidseitig angetrieben wird. Der Luftantriebskolben 33a,b ist beiderseits mit je einem Hochdruckkolben 34a,b zweier Hochdruckteile 31a,b gekoppelt, wobei die beiden Hochdruckkolben 34a,b unter Ausbildung eines Übersetzungsverhältnisses eine kleinere Kolbenwirkfläche aufweisen als der Luftantriebskolben 33a,b. Die beiden Hochdruckteile 31a,b enthalten je einen Sauganschluss 36a,b mit einem Einlassventil sowie einen Druckanschluss 35a,b mit einem Auslassventil. Je nach Arbeitstakt des ozillierenden Druckübersetzers (Luftantriebskolben und Hochdruckkolben) wird ein flüssiges Wirkmedium durch den zurückfahrenden Hochdruckkolben unter Erzeugung eines Unterdruckes durch eine Zuleitung aus einem Reservoir über das Einlassventil in den Kolbenraum des Hochdruckteils 31a,b angesaugt und durch Vorfahren des Hochdruckkolbens 34a,b unter Erzeugung eines Primärdrucks p1 am Luftantriebskolben 13a,b und eines Sekundärdrucks p2 am Hochdruckkolben 14a,b durch das Auslassventil in die Druckleitung gepresst. Die beiden Hochdruckteile 31a,b arbeiten dabei wechselseitig. The high-pressure piston pump 30a, b of a second embodiment according to FIG. 3a, b is a double-acting high-pressure piston pump with single-stage air drive. Air supply ports 37a, b at both portion ends of the air driving portion 32a, b are alternately supplied with compressed air to an air driving portion 32a, b, respectively, with an air driving piston 33a, b driven bilaterally by reciprocal pressurization with compressed air. The air drive piston 33a, b is coupled on both sides with a respective high-pressure piston 34a, b of two high-pressure parts 31a, b, the two high-pressure piston 34a, b forming a gear ratio having a smaller piston effective area than the air drive piston 33a, b. The two high-pressure parts 31a, b each contain a suction port 36a, b with an inlet valve and a pressure port 35a, b with an outlet valve. Depending on the operating cycle of the ozillating pressure booster (air drive piston and high-pressure piston) a liquid active medium is sucked by the returning high-pressure piston to generate a negative pressure through a supply line from a reservoir via the inlet valve in the piston chamber of the high pressure part 31a, b and by ancestors of the high pressure piston 34a, b below Generation of a primary pressure p 1 on the air drive piston 13a, b and a secondary pressure p 2 on the high-pressure piston 14a, b pressed through the outlet valve in the pressure line. The two high-pressure parts 31a, b work mutually.

Die Kolbenhochdruckpumpe 20a,b einer dritten Ausführungsart gemäss Fig. 4a,b ist eine einfachwirkende Kolbenhochdruckpumpe mit zweistufigem Luftantrieb. Über zwei Luftversorgungsanschlüsse 27a,b wird Druckluft in je einen Luftantriebskolben 23a,b aufnehmende Teilkammer eines Luftantriebteils 22a,b zugeführt, wobei die beiden Luftantriebskolben 23a,b durch simultane Druckluft-Beaufschlagung gleichzeitig angetrieben werden. Die beiden Luftantriebskolben 23a,b sind gegenseitig sowie gemeinsam mit einem Hochdruckkolben 24a,b eines Hochdruckteils 21a,b gekoppelt, wobei der Hochdruckkolben 24a,b unter Ausbildung eines Übersetzungsverhältnisses eine kleinere Kolbenwirkfläche aufweist als die Luftantriebskolben 23a,b. Der Hochdruckteil 21a,b enthält einen Sauganschluss 26a,b mit einem Einlassventil sowie einen Druckanschluss 25a,b mit einem Auslassventil. Je nach Arbeitstakt des oszillierenden Druckübersetzers (Luftantriebskolben und Hochdruckkolben) wird ein flüssiges Wirkmedium durch den zurückfahrenden Hochdruckkolben unter Erzeugung eines Unterdruckes durch eine Zuleitung aus einem Reservoir über das Einlassventil in den Kolbenraum des Hochdruckteils 21a,b angesaugt und durch Vorfahren des Hochdruckkolbens 24a,b unter Erzeugung eines Primärdrucks p1 am Luftantriebskolben 13a,b und eines Sekundärdrucks p2 am Hochdruckkolben 14a,b durch das Auslassventil in die Druckleitung gepresst. Durch den Einsatz von zwei gekoppelten Luftantriebskolben kann mit der Hälfte des Luftantriebsdruckes derselbe Enddruck erreicht werden, wie eine einfachwirkende Pumpe mit einem Luftantriebskolben gemäss Fig. 2. In Abwandlung dieses Ausführungsbeispieles können auch drei oder mehr Luftantriebskolben vorgesehen sein. Ferner kann der mehrstufige Luftantrieb mit doppelwirkenden Pumpen kombiniert werden.The high-pressure piston pump 20a, b of a third embodiment according to FIG. 4a, b is a single-acting high-pressure piston pump with two-stage air drive. Compressed air is supplied via two air supply ports 27a, b into a sub-chamber of an air drive part 22a, b receiving an air drive piston 23a, b, wherein the two air drive pistons 23a, b are simultaneously driven by simultaneous application of compressed air. The two air drive pistons 23a, b are mutually coupled together with a high pressure piston 24a, b of a high pressure part 21a, b, wherein the high pressure piston 24a, b forming a gear ratio has a smaller piston effective area than the air drive piston 23a, b. The high-pressure part 21a, b includes a suction port 26a, b with an inlet valve and a pressure port 25a, b with an outlet valve. Depending on the operating cycle of the oscillating pressure booster (air drive piston and high-pressure piston) a liquid active medium is sucked by the returning high-pressure piston to generate a negative pressure through a supply line from a reservoir via the inlet valve in the piston chamber of the high pressure part 21a, b and by ancestors of the high pressure piston 24a, b below Generation of a primary pressure p 1 on the air drive piston 13a, b and a secondary pressure p 2 on the high-pressure piston 14a, b pressed through the outlet valve in the pressure line. By using two coupled air drive pistons, the same final pressure can be achieved with half of the air drive pressure as a single-acting pump with an air drive piston according to FIG. 2. In a modification of this exemplary embodiment, three or more air drive pistons can also be provided. Furthermore, the multi-stage air drive can be combined with double-acting pumps.

Claims (12)

  1. Device for forming a workpiece (42) exhibiting at least one hollow space (5) in its interior by means of high internal pressure created by a medium capable of flow in the sealed hollow interior (5) of the workpiece (42), said device containing a forming tool (4) with a cavity accommodating the workpiece (42) and pressure generating equipment (1) for generating high internal pressure,
    characterised in that,
    the pressure generating equipment (1) contains a displacement pump (2) with pressure converter (pressure intensifier) comprising a longitudinally coupled displacement body with different working surface areas A1, A2, and the displacement body operates with a stroke frequency f, and a pressure p1 created on the primary side can be converted in a higher secondary pressure p2 by means of strokes of the pressure converter until an end pressure is reached on the secondary side, whereby the relationship: p 2 p 1 = A 1 A 2 defines the increase in pressure.
  2. Device for forming a workpiece (42) exhibiting at least one hollow space (5) in its interior by means of a high internal pressure created by a medium capable of flow in the sealed hollow interior (5) of the workpiece (42), said device containing a forming tool (4) with a cavity accommodating the workpiece (42), whereby the forming tool (4) contains means (6) for producing recesses, in particular holes in the workpiece (42) during the high internal pressure forming process, and the means comprise a stem fitting in space in the wall of the forming tool, whereby the recesses are created by withdrawing the stem from the workpiece (42) by virtue of internal pressure, and the stem movement is controlled by the counterpressure on the stem and the stem counterpressure is generated via pressure generating equipment (1),
    characterised in that,
    the pressure generating equipment (1) contains a displacement pump (2) with pressure converter (pressure intensifier) comprising a longitudinally coupled displacement body with different working surface areas A1, A2, and the displacement body operates with a stroke frequency f, and a pressure p1 created on the primary side can be converted in a higher secondary pressure p2 by means of strokes of the pressure converter until an end pressure is reached on the secondary side, whereby the relationship: p 2 p 1 = A 1 A 2 defines the increase in pressure.
  3. Device with the features of claims 1 and 2.
  4. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the pressure generating equipment contains a high pressure piston pump (10a) which is powered on the primary side by compressed air.
  5. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the pressure generating equipment (1) contains a high pressure piston pump (10a, 10b, 20a, 20b) with a single stage or multi-stage piston drive on the primary side.
  6. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pressure generating equipment (1) contains a simple or double stroke high pressure piston pump (10a, 10b, 30a, 30b)
  7. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the pressure generating equipment contains a plurality of high pressure piston pumps acting in parallel.
  8. Device according to claim 7, characterised in that the high pressure piston pumps are controlled via a stroke frequency transformer in order to achieve as constant as possible flow of working medium.
  9. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the pressure generating equipment contains a pre-fill pump for filling the hollow interior of the workpiece with the working medium and for creating a base pressure.
  10. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the forces for closing and holding the forming tool closed during the forming process are created by means of a displacement pump, in particular by means of a high pressure piston pump.
  11. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the closing and holding forces on the sealing stems which seal off the hollow space inside the workpiece are created by means of a displacement pump, in particular by means of a high pressure piston pump.
  12. Process for forming a workpiece exhibiting at least one hollow space by means of high internal pressure created by a medium capable of flow in the sealed hollow space inside the workpiece, whereby the high internal pressure is generated by means of a displacement pump in accordance with the description in claim 1.
EP02405027A 2002-01-17 2002-01-17 Apparatus for hydro-forming and its use Expired - Fee Related EP1329269B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02405027A EP1329269B1 (en) 2002-01-17 2002-01-17 Apparatus for hydro-forming and its use
DE50202209T DE50202209D1 (en) 2002-01-17 2002-01-17 Hydroforming apparatus and use thereof
AT02405027T ATE288801T1 (en) 2002-01-17 2002-01-17 INTERNAL HIGH PRESSURE FORMING DEVICE AND USE THEREOF
JP2003001906A JP2003236630A (en) 2002-01-17 2003-01-08 Workpiece forming device and method
CA002416088A CA2416088A1 (en) 2002-01-17 2003-01-13 High internal pressure forming process
US10/347,016 US6834522B2 (en) 2002-01-17 2003-01-17 High internal pressure forming process

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02405027A EP1329269B1 (en) 2002-01-17 2002-01-17 Apparatus for hydro-forming and its use

Publications (2)

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EP1329269A1 EP1329269A1 (en) 2003-07-23
EP1329269B1 true EP1329269B1 (en) 2005-02-09

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EP02405027A Expired - Fee Related EP1329269B1 (en) 2002-01-17 2002-01-17 Apparatus for hydro-forming and its use

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US (1) US6834522B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1329269B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003236630A (en)
AT (1) ATE288801T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2416088A1 (en)
DE (1) DE50202209D1 (en)

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US20030133810A1 (en) 2003-07-17
ATE288801T1 (en) 2005-02-15
EP1329269A1 (en) 2003-07-23
JP2003236630A (en) 2003-08-26
CA2416088A1 (en) 2003-07-17
US6834522B2 (en) 2004-12-28
DE50202209D1 (en) 2005-03-17

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