EP1322824B1

EP1322824B1 - Facade structure

Info

Publication number: EP1322824B1
Application number: EP01974365A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Erkki Hilliaho
Original assignee: Lumon Oy
Current assignee: Lumon Invest Oy
Priority date: 2000-10-06
Filing date: 2001-10-03
Publication date: 2008-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2021-10-03
Also published as: AU2001293897A1; ES2317937T3; PT1322824E; ATE415531T1; CY1110310T1; FI108667B; DE60136725D1; WO2002029177A1; NO318491B1; NO20031491L; NO20031491D0; FI20002200A0; EP1322824A1; CN1227430C; DK1322824T3; CN1479832A

Abstract

The façade structure is intended for balconies (P) in buildings. It comprises the combination of a railing structure (KR) and a glazing (LA). The railing structure (KR) comprises the combination of a support structure (1) and cover plate structure (3) connected to it by mounting pieces (2). The glazing (LA) comprises a lower profile piece (4) and an upper profile piece (5), between which there are vertical glass panes (6). Between the mounting piece (2) of the cover plate structure (3), which is connected to the upper part of the railing structure (KR), and the power profile piece (4) of the glazing (LA), there is placed, substantially in the horizontal direction, a connecting piece (8) which has the length of the facade structure (JR) and which is provided with first (1S) and second (2S) adjusting means. The mounting piece (2) and the lower profile piece (4), in turn, comprise third (3S) and fourth (4S) adjusting means. The first (1S) and the third (3S) adjusting means and, on the other hand, the third (2S) and the fourth (4S) adjusting means together form separate adjusting ranges (ESA, TSA) for connecting said mounting piece (2), connecting piece (8) and lower profile piece (4) to each other.

Description

The invention relates to a façade structure, particularly for balconies in buildings, comprising a combination of a railing structure and a glazing, wherein

the railing structure comprises:
- the combination of a support structure, extending substantially vertically upwards from a bottom level related to the façade structure, and a cover plate structure, fixed with mounting pieces to the support structure and preferably formed by a railing glazing, and wherein
the glazing comprises:
- a lower horizontal profile piece fixed to the upper part of the railing structure and extending in the horizontal direction, and an upper horizontal profile piece in the upper part of the façade structure and particularly fixed to a balcony in a building,
- two or more vertical glass panes arranged to be movable and turnable between the profile pieces, the glass panes being fixed at their upper and lower edges to hinge and slide pieces in grooves extending in the longitudinal direction in the profile pieces.

In building construction - both in the construction of new buildings and in renovation - it has become more and more popular to utilize balcony spaces by providing them with a so-called balcony glazing. In the construction of new buildings and in a number of building renovation works, balcony glazings as well as railing structures related to them constitute a unit which is substantial in the impression of the façade of the building. Particularly in the construction of new buildings, the trend is to utilize combinations of steel and concrete construction, wherein not only natural deflections of the buildings but also variations in temperature and dimensional tolerances in the structures set high demands, particularly in multi-storey buildings, for the balcony glazings which, together with the railing structures, should form a unit which is advantageous in view of the overall façade impression. In this respect, a factor to raise the standards is the versatility of functions of modern glazings which include, for example, hinge systems, guide bars, the possibility to bundle separate glass panes, transfers of glass panes across corners of the balcony, and so on. Naturally, a corresponding range of problems is involved in renovation, particularly when not only the glazing but also the railing structure is to be renewed.
Naturally, it is expedient to manufacture the glazing and railing structures as far as possible by industrial methods, wherein the above-mentioned range of problems is first faced at the stage of installation in the façade of the building. It is an aim of the present invention to present a façade structure which makes it possible to install a railing structure and a glazing related to it in connection with each other in spite of the fact that there are even considerable variations in the dimensions of the structure used as a base for the installation. It is thus possible, on one hand, that each combination separately constitutes a functional unit and, on the other hand, that the façade of the building is elegant as a whole.
To achieve these aims, the façade structure according to the invention is primarily characterized in that between the mounting piece of the cover plate structure, abutting on the upper part of the railing structure, and the lower profile piece of the glazing, there is placed a connecting piece extending substantially in the horizontal direction, having the length of the façade structure and being provided with first and second adjusting means, that said mounting piece and profile piece, in turn, comprise third and fourth adjusting means, wherein, the first and third adjusting means on one hand and the second and fourth adjusting means on the other hand form separate adjusting ranges to connect said mounting piece, connecting piece and lower profile piece to each other.
The other dependent claims present some preferred embodiments of the façade structure according to the invention.
In the following, the invention will be illustrated in more detail with reference to the appended drawings, in which

Fig. 1: shows a first embodiment of the façade structure in a vertical cross-section,
Fig. 2: shows a front view of the first embodiment of the façade structure according to Fig. 1,
Fig. 3: shows, in a larger scale, a vertical cross-section of point I of Fig. 1, where the railing structure and the glazing are connected,
Fig. 4: shows a second embodiment of the façade structure in a vertical cross-section,
Fig. 5: shows a front view of the second embodiment of the façade structure according to Fig. 4, and
Fig. 6: shows, in a larger scale, a vertical cross-section of point IV of Fig. 4, where the railing structure and the glazing are connected.

The embodiments of the façade structure according to the invention are intended particularly for balconies P in blocks of flats. Thus, between the floor LA and ceiling levels KT of a balcony P, there is placed a façade structure JR which comprises a vertical combination of a railing structure KR and a glazing LA, placed substantially on top of each other.
The railing structure KR comprises a support structure 1 which extends in the vertical direction substantially upwards from the bottom level related to the façade structure JR, i.e. usually from the floor level LT of the balcony P, and is fixed to the vertical side surface of the floor level LT forming the bottom level, or, in the embodiment shown in the drawings, of a horizontal reinforced concrete slab. To the support structure 1, which preferably consists of two or more beams having a steel structure and being vertically fixed at regular intervals to the vertical side surface of said reinforced concrete slab, there is fixed, with mounting pieces 2, a cover plate structure 3 which thus forms the primarily visible lower part of the façade structure JR. Particularly in renovation, the material of this cover plate structure 3 is normally tempered and shaded glass, wherein it forms a railing glazing which suits the overall façade of the block of flats.
The vertical glazing LA extending upwards from the upper part of the railing structure KR comprises a lower horizontal profile piece 4 mounted to the upper part of the railing structure KR and an upper horizontal profile piece 5 placed in the upper part of the façade structure JR and, in the case of a block of flats, preferably mounted to a balcony Py of the upper storey (i.e. to the ceiling level KT of the balcony P), to the lower surface of its bottom level. Between the parallel profile pieces 4, 5 extending in the same horizontal plane there are placed, also in the vertical direction, two or more glass panes 6 which are arranged to be movable between the profile pieces 4, 5 and rotatable around a horizontal axis in relation to the profile pieces 4, 5, particularly at least at one end of the façade structure JR. For their movement, the glass panes 6 are mounted at their upper and lower edges to hinge and slide pieces 7 in grooves extending in the longitudinal direction of the profile pieces 4, 5. These functions are prior art to anyone skilled in the art, e.g. from the publication WO 99/32752 , wherein they will not be described in more detail in this context.
Figures 1 to 3 of the drawings show an embodiment, in which the cover plate structure 3 of the railing structure KR, with its mounting piece 2, is placed outside the façade structure JR to form, in this respect, a substantially visible part of the façade structure JR, wherein the support structure 1 remains inside the façade structure JR in relation to the cover part structure 3. Figures 4 to 6 of the drawings, in turn, show an embodiment, in which the placement of the parts of the railing structure KR is reverse to that mentioned above, wherein the support structure 1, placed outside the cover plate structure 3, forms a part clearly standing out in the façade structure JR and thus consists of vertical beams, mounted at their lower part to the vertical side surface of the concrete slab forming the floor level LT, and a horizontal railing beam 1 A, connecting the vertical beams at their upper part and being placed at the lower part of the glazing LA.
It is characteristic of both embodiments of the façade structure JR shown in the drawings, i.e. Figs. 1 to 3 and Figs. 4 to 6, that between the mounting piece 2 of the cover plate structure 3, connected to the upper part of the railing structure KR, and the lower profile piece 4 of the glazing LA, there is placed a substantially horizontal connecting piece 8 having the length of the façade structure JR and forming a part of the façade structure JR. The connecting piece 8 makes it possible to connect the railing structure KR on one hand and the glazing LA on the other hand to each other during the installation and assembly of the façade structure JR, in spite of dimensional variances.
For these purposes, the connecting piece 8 is provided with first 1 S and second 2S adjusting means. The mounting piece 2 on one hand and the lower profile piece 4 on the other hand, in turn, comprise third 3S and fourth 4S adjusting means. At the stage of installation of the façade structure JR, the first adjusting means 1 S in the connecting piece 8 and the third adjusting means 3S in the mounting piece 2 are placed in connection with each other, to provide a first adjusting range ESA. In a corresponding manner, the second adjusting means 2S in the connecting piece 8 and the fourth adjusting means 4S in the lower profile piece 4 are placed in connection with each other at the stage of installation of the façade structure JR, to obtain a second adjusting range TSA. Consequently, these first ESA and second TSA adjusting ranges, which can be separately adjusted at the stage of installation of the façade structure JR, make it possible to connect said mounting piece 2 in the façade structure JR, the connecting piece 8 and the lower profile piece 4 of the glazing LA to each other in such a way that the façade structure JR forms a uniform entity in spite of dimensional variances in other parts of the balcony P which form the base for installation of the façade structure JR in the block of flats.
The first ESA and second TSA adjusting ranges are utilized in such a way that the position of the connecting piece 8 in the height direction in relation to the support structure 1 of the railing structure KR is arranged to be adjustable within the first adjusting range ESA formed by the first 1 S and the third 3S adjusting means. Consequently, the mounting piece 2 and the connecting piece 8 are thus placed against each other within the first adjusting range ESA in the height direction. Furthermore, the horizontal position of the connecting piece 8 and the lower profile piece 4 in relation to each other, and thereby the position of the lower profile piece 4 in the façade structure, is arranged to be adjustable within the second adjusting range TSA formed by the second 2S and fourth 4S adjusting means. Consequently, the position of the glazing LA in relation to the connecting piece 8 can thus be selected in the most advantageous way.
In the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3, in which the cover plate structure 3 is outside the support structure 1 of the railing structure, the connecting piece 8 is placed on top of the support structure 1 of the façade structure JR, wherein the first 1S and third 3S adjusting means on one hand and the second 2S and fourth 4S adjusting means on the other hand are placed on opposite vertical sides of the support structure 1. In the embodiment of Figs. 4 to 6, in which the cover plate structure 3 is inside the support structure 1 of the railing structure KR, the connecting piece 8 is placed in connection with the vertical inner surface of the support structure 1 of the façade structure JR. Thus, the support structure 1 normally passes the lower profile piece 4 in the vertical direction, and the horizontal railing beam 1 A of the support structure 1 is next to the lower part of the glazing LA, seen in the horizontal direction. Consequently, in the second embodiment shown in Figs. 4 to 6, all the adjusting means 1S-4S are placed in connection with the inner surface of the support structure 1.
In a more detailed study of the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3, the following main parts can be distinguished in the connecting piece 8. The visible part in the façade structure JR is a protective encasing 9 which forms the horizontal railing beam and, extending diagonally downwards and outwards in the façade structure JR, crosses the upper part of the support structure 1 of the façade structure JR and extends horizontally on both sides of the support structure 1 of the railing structure KR.
Furthermore, the connecting piece 8 comprises a fixing element 10 which extends downwards from the lower surface of the protective encasing 9 and is connected to the support structure 1 of the railing structure. Structurally, the fixing element 10 of the connecting piece 8 comprises two downwards extending flange parts 10a, 10b which are placed at a horizontal distance from each other and are preferably formed to correspond to the total length of the connecting piece 8. The upper end of the support structure 1 is arranged to be placed between said flange parts, wherein at least one of the flange parts, preferably the inner flange part 10b, is equipped with a perforation or the like over the length of the vertical adjusting range, to connect the connecting piece 8 at a predetermined height with at least some beams of the support structure 1, by fastening means, such as a screw or bolt fastening PK. The first adjusting means 1 S in the connecting piece 8 are placed on the side of the lower surface of the protective encasing 9, to extend downwards outside the support structure 1. The second adjusting means in the connecting piece 8, in turn, are placed on the side of the lower surface of the protective encasing 9, to extend horizontally towards the inner part of the façade structure JR.
In a more detailed study of the embodiment of Figs. 4 to 6, the following main parts can be distinguished in the connecting piece 8. The protective encasing 9 is placed in connection with the inner edge of the support structure 1 of the railing structure KR, underneath the railing beam 1A, and extends diagonally upwards and inwards. To the outer edge of the protective encasing 9 is connected a downwards extending fixing element 10 which is planar at least on its section placed against the support structure 1 and is connected to the inner surface of the support structure 1 of the façade structure JR. The fixing element 10 is provided with a vertical perforation or the like over the length of the vertical, first adjusting range ESA, to connect the connecting piece 8 at a predetermined height to the inner surface of the support structure 1 with fastening means 11, such as a bolt or screw fastening PK. Furthermore, the connecting piece 8 comprises first adjusting means 1 S which are placed underneath the protective encasing 9 and the fixing element 10, to extend as a flange part 10c downwards on the side of the inner edge of the support structure 1. The second adjusting means 2S are placed on the side of the lower surface of the protective encasing 9, to extend horizontally from the lower edge of the fixing element 10 towards the inner part of the façade structure JR.
Structurally, the first adjusting means 1S used in the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3 comprises, first of all, a flange 12 which is preferably as long as the connecting piece 8 and extends downwards from the outer edge of the protective encasing 9, and is placed, when the connecting piece 8 is installed in the façade structure JR, at a horizontal distance from the vertical outer edge of the support structure 1 of the railing structure KR. Consequently, the cross-section of the protective encasing 9 makes it possible to place the mounting piece 2 of the cover plate structure 3 in a space which is substantially jointly limited by the inner surface of the flange 12, the lower surface of the protective encasing 9, and the vertical outer edge of the support structure 1. It is thus possible to use, as part of the first adjusting means 1S, the outer flange part 10a of the fixing element 10 in the connecting piece 8, which extends downwards and is in connection with the mounting piece 2.
The cross-sectional profile of the elongated mounting piece 2 which surrounds the edges of the preferably rectangular cover plate structure 3 comprises, at least at the first adjusting means 1 S, the following main parts. A groove part 2a which has a U-shaped cross-section and has, in the horizontal direction, substantially the length of the cover plate structure 3 or a dividend of it, and in which the edge 3a of said cover plate of the cover plate structure 3 is arranged to be placed in a sealed manner by means of a sealing 13 which also has a U-shaped cross-section. Furthermore, the mounting piece 2 comprises a fastening flange part 2b which is formed to protrude in the direction opposite the direction of opening of the groove of the groove part 2a with a U-shaped cross-section and to be placed vertically on the other side of the mounting piece 2. The outer surface of the fastening flange part 2b and the outer surface 2c of the inner (Fig. 3) or outer (Fig. 6) web part of the groove part 2a are placed against the support structure 1 of the railing structure KR; in the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3, against the vertical outer edge of the support structure 1, and in the embodiment of Figs. 4 to 6, against the vertical inner edge of the support structure 1.
The fastening flange part 2b is provided with a perforation or the like, for fastening the combination of the cover plate structure 3 and the mounting pieces 2 to the support structure 1 with fastening means, such as a screw or bolt fastening PK.
In the embodiments of both the Figs. 1 to 3 and the Figs. 4 to 6, the outer edge of the fastening flange part 2b comprises a tongue part 2d which is thinner than the basic thickness of the fastening flange part 2b and which, when the fastening flange part 2b is installed in connection with the support structure 1, extends upwards and at a horizontal distance from said vertical surface of the support structure 1. Consequently, the structure is provided with a horizontal groove 11 which opens upwards between the inner surface of the tongue part 2d and said vertical surface of the support structure 1 and in which the outer, downwards extending flange part 10a of the fixing element 10, belonging to the first adjusting means 1 S and fitted in the connecting piece 8, is placed in the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3. In a corresponding manner, in the embodiment of Figs. 4 to 6, this groove 11 receives the flange part 10c connected to the lower edge of the fixing element and forming the first adjusting means.
Consequently, the first adjusting range ESA consists, in the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3, of two parts, i.e., on one hand, the range between the flange 12 extending downwards from the outer edge of the protective encasing 9 and the outer surface of the outer web part of the groove part 2a of the mounting piece 2 placed in connection with the same, and, on the other hand, the range between said horizontal groove 11 and the outer flange part 10a of the fixing element 10 of the connecting piece 8.
In the embodiment of Figs. 4 to 6, the first adjusting range ESA consists, differing from the first embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3, of a single range between the horizontal groove 11, which opens upwards and is provided by means of the inner surface of the tongue part 2d of the fastening flange part 2a and the inner edge of the support structure 1, and the vertical flange part 10c connected to the fixing element 10 of the connecting piece 8.
With reference to what has been discussed above, it can thus be generally stated that the first adjusting means 3S is preferably formed at least in connection with the fastening flange part 2b of the mounting piece 2. In addition to this, it is very advantageous to use the structure of the outer surface of the groove part 2a of the mounting piece 2 to provide the first adjusting means 3S.
Furthermore, the second adjusting means 2S, which is in the connecting piece 8 both in the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3 and in the embodiment of Figs. 4 to 6, structurally comprises a horizontal flange 15 which is placed underneath the protective encasing 9 of the connecting piece 8 and extends, on the side of the inner surface of the support structure 1 of the railing structure KR, towards the inner part of the façade structure JR, and which is preferably as long as the connecting piece 8. The lower profile piece 4 belonging to the glazing LA is arranged to be fastened with fastening means, such as a bolt or screw fastening PK, to the upper surface of the horizontal flange 15. The horizontal flange 15 is preferably fastened to the fixing element 10 of the connecting piece 8, i.e., in the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3, to the outer, inwards extending surface of the inner flange part 10 which extends downwards, and, in the embodiment of Figs. 4 to 6, to the flange-like fixing element 10, the lower edge of the same. The horizontal flange 15 is equipped with a perforation or the like, having the length of the horizontal, second adjusting range TSA and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the connecting piece 8, to fasten the lower profile piece 4 of the glazing LA to the connecting piece 8. In the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3, the upper surface of the horizontal flange 15 is flat, and in the embodiment of Figs. 4 to 6, it is stepped in the vertical direction, wherein the outer edge part 15a positioned on a lower level in the horizontal flange 15 is provided with said perforation or the like having the length of the horizontal second adjusting range TSA and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the connecting piece 8, wherein the lower profile piece 4 can be positioned and fixed to the horizontal flange 15 of the connecting piece 8 according to the requirements of said installation project.
The fourth adjusting means 4S consists of the lower surface 4a of the lower profile piece 4 of the glazing LA, which is supported to the upper surface of the horizontal flange 15 of the connecting piece 8 which forms the second adjusting means 2S. In connection with the bottom surface 4a of the lower profile piece 4, there is a groove 14 or the like, to which the fastening means PK, such as a bolt or a screw, penetrating the perforation of the horizontal flange 15, is fastened at its head.
The upper part of the lower profile piece 4 is, in the embodiments of both the Figs. 1 to 3 and the Figs. 4 to 6, provided with an outwards extending horizontal protective flange 16 which is arranged, in the installed position of the façade structure JR, to be placed with the inner edge of the protective encasing 9 of the connecting piece 8, on top of each other. The protective flange 16 comprises a downwards extending nose part 17 which is placed on top of the protective encasing 9 of the connecting piece 8. The inner edge of the protective encasing 9 belonging to the connecting piece 8 is provided with an upwards extending nose part 18 placed under the protective flange.

Claims

A façade structure, particularly for balconies (P) in buildings, comprising the combination of a railing structure and a glazing,
- wherein the railing structure (KR) comprises:
- the combination of a support structure (1) extending substantially vertically upwards from a bottom level related to the façade structure (JR), and a cover plate structure (3) fixed by mounting pieces (2) to the support structure (1) and preferably formed by a glazing, and

- wherein the glazing comprises:
- a lower horizontal profile piece (4) connected to the upper part of the railing structure, and an upper horizontal profile piece (5) placed in the upper part of the façade structure (JR) and fastened particularly to a balcony (P) in a building,

- two or more vertical glass panes (6) arranged to be movable and rotatable between the profile pieces (4, 5), the glass panes (6) being fixed at their upper and lower edges to hinge and slide pieces (7) in grooves extending in the longitudinal direction in the profile pieces (4, 5), and

- wherein between the mounting piece (2) of the cover plate structure (3), connected to the upper part of the railing structure (KR), and the lower profile piece (4) of the glazing (LA), there is placed, substantially in the horizontal direction, a connecting piece (8), which has the length of the façade structure (JR), is fixed to the support structure (1) and to which the lower profile piece (4) is fixed,
characterized in that
- said connecting piece (8) comprises first (1S) and second (2S) adjusting means, and said mounting piece (2) and profile piece (4), in turn, comprise third (3S) and fourth (4S) adjusting means, wherein the position of said pieces (2, 4) in the horizontal and height direction in relation to each other can be adjusted by means of said adjusting means (1 S, 2S, 3S, 4S),

- wherein, on one hand, the first (1S) and the third (3S) adjusting means jointly constitute a first adjusting range (ESA) which is intended for connecting said mounting piece (2) and connecting piece (8) to each other, wherein the position of the connecting piece (8) in relation to the support structure (1) can, for the fastening, be adjusted within the first adjusting range (ESA), and

- wherein, on the other hand, the second (2S) and the fourth (4S) adjusting means jointly constitute a separate second adjusting range (TSA) which is intended for connecting said connecting piece (8) and the lower profile piece (4) to each other, wherein the position of the connecting piece (8) and the lower profile piece (4) in relation to each other can, for the fastening, be adjusted within the second adjusting range (TSA).
The façade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the position of the connecting piece (8) in the height direction in relation to the support structure (1) of the railing structure (KR) is arranged to be adjustable within the first adjusting range (ESA) formed by the first (1 S) and the third (3S) adjusting means.
The façade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal position of the connecting piece (8) and the lower profile piece (4) in relation to each other and thereby the position of the lower profile piece (4) in the façade structure (JR) are arranged to be adjustable within the second adjusting range (TSA) formed by the second (2S) and the fourth (4S) adjusting means.
The façade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting piece (8) is placed on top of the support structure (1) of the façade structure (JR), wherein, on one hand, the first (1 S) and the third (3S) adjusting means, and, on the other hand, the second (2S) and the fourth (4S) adjusting means are on opposite vertical sides of the support structure (1).
The façade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting piece (8) is placed in connection with the vertical inner surface of the support structure (1) of the façade structure (JR), wherein the support structure (1) passes the lower profile piece (4) in the vertical direction, and all the adjusting means (1S-4S) are placed in connection with the inner surface of the support structure (1).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connecting piece (8) comprises:
- a protective encasing (9) which extends diagonally downwards and outwards in the façade structure (JR) and crosses the upper part of the support structure (1) of the façade structure (JR) and extends horizontally on both sides of the support structure (1),

- a fixing element (10) which extends downwards from the lower surface of the protective encasing (9), is connected to the support structure (1) of the railing structure, and is equipped to receive fastening means to fasten the connecting piece (8) to the upper part of the support structure (1),

- first adjusting means (1S) which are placed on the side of the lower surface of the protective encasing (9), to extend downwards outside the support structure (1), and

- second adjusting means (2S) which are placed on the side of the lower surface of the protective encasing (9), to extend horizontally towards the inner part of the façade structure (JR).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 2, 4, or 6, characterized in that the fixing element (10) of the connecting piece (8) comprises two downwards extending flange parts (10a, 10b) which are preferably formed to correspond with the total length of the connecting piece (8) and between which the upper end of the support structure (1) is arranged to be placed, wherein at least the second flange part (10b) is equipped with a vertical perforation or the like having the length of the first adjusting range (ESA), for fixing the connecting piece (8) at a predetermined height in connection with the support structure (1) by fastening means (PK).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 4, 6, or 7, characterized in that the first adjusting means (1S) preferably comprises at least a flange (12) having the length of the connecting piece (8), extending downwards from the outer edge of the protective encasing (9), and being placed, when the connecting piece (8) is installed in the façade structure (JR), at a horizontal distance from the outer edge of the support structure (1) of the railing structure (KR), wherein the mounting piece (2) of the cover plate structure (3) is placed substantially in the space jointly limited by the inner surface of the flange (12) and the outer edge of the support structure (1).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 4, 6, 7, or 8, characterized in that the second adjusting means (2S) comprises a horizontal flange (15), which is placed underneath the protective encasing (9) of the connecting piece (8), extends towards the inner part of the façade structure (JR) on the side of the inner surface of the support structure (1) of the façade structure (JR), has preferably the length of the connecting piece (8), and to whose upper surface the lower profile piece (4) is arranged to be fastened by the fastening means (PK), wherein the horizontal flange (4) is arranged to be fastened by the fastening means (PK), wherein the horizontal flange (15) is preferably fastened to the inner surface of the inner, downwards extending flange part (10b) of the fixing element (10) of the connecting piece (8).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, or 9, characterized in that the upper part of the lower profile piece (4) is provided with an outwards extending horizontal protective flange (16), which is arranged, in the installed position of the façade structure (JR), to be placed with the inner edge of the protective encasing (9) of the connecting piece (8), on top of each other.
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 3, 4, or 6 to 10, characterized in that the horizontal flange (15) is equipped with a horizontal perforation or the like, extending over the length of the second adjusting range (TSA) in the direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the connecting piece (8), for fixing the lower profile piece (4) to the connecting piece (8).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the connecting piece (8) comprises:
- a protective encasing (9) extending inwards from the support structure (1) of the façade structure (JR),

- a fixing element (10), which extends downwards from the outer edge of the protective encasing (9), is connected to the inner edge of the support structure (1), and is arranged to receive fastening means (PK) to fasten the protective encasing (9) to the inner surface of the support structure (1),

- first adjusting means (1 S) which are placed underneath the fixing element (10), to extend downwards on the side of the inner edge of the support structure (1), and

- second adjusting means (2S) which are placed on the side of the lower surface of the protective encasing (9), to extend horizontally towards the inner part of the façade structure (JR).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 2, 5, or 12, characterized in that the fixing element (10) is equipped with a perforation or the like over the length of the horizontal adjusting range, for fastening the connecting piece (8) at a predetermined height to the inner surface of the support structure (1) by fastening means.
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 5, 12 or 13, characterized in that the first adjusting means (1S) is a flange (10c) which extends downwards from the lower edge of the fixing element (10) and has preferably the length of the façade structure (JR).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 6, 12, 13, or 14, characterized in that the second adjusting means (2S) comprises a horizontal flange (15), which is placed underneath the protective encasing (9) of the connecting piece (8), extends towards the inner part of the façade structure (JR) on the side of the inner surface of the support structure (1) of the façade structure (JR), has preferably the length of the connecting piece (8), and to whose upper surface the profile piece (4) is arranged to be fastened by the fastening means (PK), wherein the horizontal flange (4) is arranged to be fastened by the fastening means (PK), wherein the horizontal flange (15) is preferably fastened to the inner surface of the flange forming the fixing element (10) of the connecting piece (8).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 5, 12, 13, 14, or 15, characterized in that the horizontal flange (15) forming the second adjusting means (2S) is stepped in the vertical direction, wherein the outer edge part (15a), placed on the lower level, is equipped with a perforation or the like, having the length of the horizontal adjusting range and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the connecting piece (8), for fastening the lower profile piece (4) to the connecting piece (8).
The façade structure according to any of the claims 1, 5 or 12 to 16, characterized in that the upper part of the lower profile piece (4) is provided with an outwards extending protective flange (16), which is arranged, in the installed position of the façade structure (JR), to be placed with the inner edge of the protective encasing (9) of the connecting piece (8), on top of each other.
The façade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting piece (2) comprises:
- a groove part (2a), which has substantially the length of the cover plate structure (3) or its dividend and in which the edge (3') of the cover plate is arranged to be placed in a sealed manner, and

- a fastening flange part (2b), which protrudes in a direction opposite the direction of opening of the groove of the groove part (2a) and which is placed on the other side of the mounting piece (2), wherein

- the fastening flange part (2b) is provided with a perforation or the like, for fastening the cover plate structure (3) and the mounting piece (2) to the support structure (1) with fastening means (PK).
The façade structure according to claim 18, characterized in that the third adjusting means (3S) is provided in connection with the groove part (2a) and/or the fastening flange part (2b) of the mounting piece (2).
The façade structure according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the outer edge of the fastening flange part (2b) comprises a tongue part (2d) which, when the fastening flange part (2b) is installed in connection with the support structure (1), is at a horizontal distance from the surface of the support structure (1) and is placed at the first adjusting means (1S) or a part of the same.
The façade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the fourth adjusting means (4S) is the bottom surface of the lower profile piece (4), supported to the horizontal flange (15) of the connecting piece (8) which forms the second adjusting means (2S).
The façade structure according to claim 10 or 17, characterized in that the protective flange (16) comprises a downwards extending nose part (17) placed on top of the protective encasing (9) of the connecting piece (8), and that the inner edge of the protective encasing (9) of the connecting piece (8) is provided with an upwards directed nose part (18) placed under the protective flange (16).