EP1318989A1 - Procede de preparation d'un epoxyde - Google Patents

Procede de preparation d'un epoxyde

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Publication number
EP1318989A1
EP1318989A1 EP01978346A EP01978346A EP1318989A1 EP 1318989 A1 EP1318989 A1 EP 1318989A1 EP 01978346 A EP01978346 A EP 01978346A EP 01978346 A EP01978346 A EP 01978346A EP 1318989 A1 EP1318989 A1 EP 1318989A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
catalyst
reaction
acid
hydroperoxide
alkene
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01978346A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joaquim Henrique Teles
Alwin Rehfinger
Ulrich Müller
Anne Berg
Peter Rudolf
Wolfgang Harder
Norbert Rieber
Peter Bassler
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BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP1318989A1 publication Critical patent/EP1318989A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
    • B01J38/48—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
    • B01J38/60—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids
    • B01J38/62—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids organic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/89—Silicates, aluminosilicates or borosilicates of titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/90—Regeneration or reactivation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
    • C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
    • C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
    • C07D301/12—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with hydrogen peroxide or inorganic peroxides or peracids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an epoxide by reacting an alkene with hydroperoxide in the presence of a zeolite catalyst, the reaction being carried out with alkali metal salt in at least one educt stream.
  • the ner driving is characterized in that the alkali metal salt supply is stopped after a certain time, but the supply of hydroperoxide and alkene is continued.
  • the present invention also relates to an integrated ner process for producing an epoxide in which the zeolite catalyst is regenerated and used again for the reaction.
  • EP-A 0 712 852 discloses that a non-basic salt is used to improve the selectivity of a titanium silicalite catalyst which is used for the epoxidation of olefinic compounds by means of hydrogen peroxide.
  • EP-B 0 230 949 discloses a ner process for the epoxidation of olefinic ner bonds by means of hydrogen peroxide, in which the selectivity of the catalysts used, synthetic zeolites, is improved by adding compounds which adhere to the acid groups before or during the reaction neutralize the catalyst surface.
  • EP-A 0757043 describes a process for the preparation of epoxides from olefins and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a zeolite containing titanium atoms. then as a catalyst in which neutral or acidic salts are added to the catalyst before or during the reaction.
  • DE-A 199 36 547.4 describes a process in which, in order to influence the pH, the alkali metal salt is added to the reaction medium in which the reaction of alkene with hydroperoxide takes place in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst, and at the same time the reaction temperature and, if appropriate, the pressure, under to which the reaction is carried out.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a process for the preparation of an epoxide in the presence of a zeolite catalyst in which
  • an alkene is reacted with a hydroperoxide in the presence of the catalyst to give the epoxide, at least one alkali metal salt being fed to the reaction in at least one reactant stream, characterized in that
  • the addition of the at least one alkali metal salt is stopped and hydroperoxide and alkene are fed to the reaction.
  • the hydroperoxide is preferably hydrogen peroxide.
  • a zeolite catalyst which is used, inter alia, for the production of an epoxide starting from hydroperoxide and olefin, can be washed with an acid.
  • WO 98/55228 proposes washing the catalyst with a solvent such as, for example, an acid such as formic acid, acetic acid or propionic acid, before contacting it with an oxygen-containing gas mixture.
  • a solvent such as, for example, an acid such as formic acid, acetic acid or propionic acid
  • this washing process serves to remove valuable product and organic deposits adhering to the catalyst.
  • Another significant difference from the preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention is that WO 98/55228 as acid, which is used for washing is set, not the acid that is formed in the reaction, but rather acid is supplied from the outside in at least one separate step.
  • acids which are formed when the alkene is reacted with a hydroperoxide in the presence of the zeolite catalyst, which preferably comprises at least one titanium zeolite are formic acid and acetic acid.
  • acids can also be formed under the reaction conditions chosen for the epoxidation. For example, if methanol is used as the solvent, formic acid is formed during the reaction. If another alcoholic component is used as a solvent or as a constituent of the solvent, other organic acids can also be formed.
  • Alkali metal salts include, above all, lithium, sodium, potassium and cesium salts.
  • the anions of these salts include, for example, halides such as chloride and bromide, nitrate, sulfate or hydroxide, and the anions of acids containing phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and tin, e.g. Phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, arsenate and stannate.
  • Other anions such as perchlorate, formate, acetate, hydrogen carbonate or carbonate are also conceivable.
  • Examples include lithium chloride, lithium bromide, sodium bromide, lithium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate phosphate and called disodium hydrogen phosphate and diceium hydrogen phosphate.
  • lithium, sodium or potassium carboxylates of carbon acids in particular carboxylic acids with 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • lithium, sodium or potassium alcoholates of alcohols with 1 to 10 carbon atoms are lithium, sodium or potassium carboxylates of carbon acids.
  • sodium dihydrogen phosphate potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, potassium and sodium phosphate.
  • Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate and sodium acetate are particularly preferably used.
  • step (ii) it is possible to add the alkali metal salt to the reaction in a separate stream.
  • step (ii) the supply of this stream is simply interrupted for conversion.
  • the alkali metal salt is preferably fed to the reaction in solution, an aqueous solvent mixture being particularly preferably used for this purpose.
  • this solvent mixture mainly uses solvents which are also used for the reaction of alkene with hydroperoxide.
  • alkali metal salt together with the hydroperoxide, together with the alkene or with the solvent, ie as a mixture with the solvent, to the reaction by alkali metal salt, optionally dissolved in a, preferably aqueous, solvent mixture, the hydroperoxide stream or is fed to the alkene stream before it is fed to the reaction.
  • Alkali metal salt can also be added to both the alkene and hydroperoxide streams.
  • the alkali metal salt is preferably added to the circulating solvent after it has been separated from the reaction mixture for the preparation of the epoxide, and is thus fed to the reaction.
  • the alkali metal salt is more preferably added to the feed stream, ie the mixture of hydrperoxide, alkene and solvent, in particular a mixture of aqueous hydrogen peroxide, propene and methanol.
  • the alkali metal salt can be fed to the reaction in a mixture with the hydroperoxide, preferably an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution.
  • the alkali metal salt can be added to one or more of these streams before this or these are fed to the reaction.
  • two or more different alkali metal salts can also be fed to the reaction in one or more streams, preferably as stated above.
  • the term “different alkali metal salts” denotes salts which differ either in terms of the cations or the anions or both the cations and the anions. If two or more alkali metal salt streams are used, these in turn can differ in terms of the solvent or solvent mixture used.
  • the period of time during which alkali metal salt is also added to the reaction in addition to alkene and hydroperoxide can essentially be chosen as desired and can be adapted to the requirements of the reaction.
  • this time period is in the range of less than ten days, preferably less than one day.
  • the proportions between the supplied alkali metal to hydroperoxide or alkene are selected as follows: Alkene to hydroperoxide, especially propene to H 2 O 2 :
  • Alkali metal to hydroperoxide ⁇ 1000, preferably ⁇ 500 and in particular 100-400, in each case ⁇ mol MVmol hydroperoxide, where M * stands for an alkali metal cation.
  • the catalyst is washed for a certain time with a dilute solution of an acid. It is possible to use both those acids which have already formed in the reaction of alkene with hydroperoxide and which were used in (ii) to remove alkali metal from the catalyst. Any other inorganic or organic acid or an acid mixture with a pKa of less than 6 in water is also suitable.
  • acids are, for example, carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, inorganic oxo acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid , Hydrogen halide (e.g. HC1, HBr) or sulfonic acids (e.g. pTosSO 3 H, CH 3 SO 3 H).
  • the solvent or solvent mixture in which the reaction of alkene and hydroperoxide was carried out is preferably used as the solvent for the acid or acids.
  • Such solvents include
  • Alcohols preferably lower alcohols, more preferably alcohols with less than 6 carbon atoms, such as, for example, methanol, ethanol, propanols,
  • Diols or polyols preferably those with fewer than 6 carbon atoms, Ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 1,2-diethoxyethane, 2-methoxyethanol,
  • Esters such as methyl acetate or butyrolactone
  • Amides such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone,
  • Nitriles such as acetonitrile or mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned compounds.
  • Methanol is particularly preferably used as the solvent in which the reaction of the alkene with hydroperoxide, preferably hydrogen peroxide, is carried out. Accordingly, methanol is also preferably used as a solvent for the acid or the acid mixture with a pKa value of less than 6 in water, with one also improving " the solubility of the acid or acids with a pKa value of less than 6 water or several further solvent components can be added to the methanol, water being mentioned in particular.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to a method as described above, characterized in that
  • the time period during which the catalyst is rinsed with the acid solution is generally in the range from less than ten days, in particular 30 minutes to 4 hours, and can be matched to the time during which the catalyst tor has already been brought into contact with acid during the ongoing reaction according to (ii).
  • the catalyst can be used in powder form as a suspension or packed in a fixed bed. If the catalyst was used in the suspension mode, it is first separated from the reaction solution in one or more separation steps, such as filtration or centrifugation, before rinsing with the acid solution. In the regeneration of the catalyst which was used packed in a fixed bed, washing with the acid solution is preferably carried out in the conversion device itself, the catalyst not having to be removed or installed, so that it is not subject to any additional stress.
  • separation steps such as filtration or centrifugation
  • the alkene can be reacted with hydroperoxide by any suitable method.
  • the epoxy can be produced in a cascade from two or more reactors that are connected in series. Methods are also conceivable in which reactors arranged in parallel are used. Combinations of these methods are also possible. In the event that two or more reactors are connected in series, between the reactors suitable intermediate treatments can also be carried out.
  • suitable intermediate treatments can also be carried out.
  • PCT / EP99 / 05740 and DE-A 100 15 246.5 which are fully incorporated by reference into the context of the present application with regard to reactor arrangement and intermediate treatment.
  • Tube or tube bundle reactors are particularly preferred as reactors.
  • the temperature and pressure of the reaction medium can be changed during the production of the epoxide from alkene and hydroperoxide during the process.
  • the pH value and the temperature of the reaction medium can also be changed.
  • the change in the pH value relates to changes by adding one or more compounds which differ from the alkali metal salts added to the reaction according to the invention in (i). It is also possible to change the pressure at which the reaction takes place in addition to the pH and temperature of the reaction medium.
  • the mixture which results from the production of the epoxide from alkene and hydroperoxide can be worked up in the process according to the invention in accordance with all suitable processes.
  • a mixture which contains methanol, water and unreacted hydrogen peroxide is preferably removed from the reaction mixture after the propene has been reacted separated and this mixture subjected to a separation process, which results in a further mixture containing methanol and methyl formate.
  • the catalyst which has been washed in accordance with (iii) with a solution comprising at least one acid with a pKa in water of less than 6 is then washed with a solvent or a solvent mixture to which no acid is added was rinsed.
  • the present invention also relates to a method as described above, characterized in that
  • the catalyst can be rinsed with a solvent or a solvent mixture to which no acid has been added both before and after rinsing with the solution comprising at least one acid with a pKa in water of less than 6.
  • solvents listed above can be used as solvents, and mixtures of two or more of these solvents can also be used. Methanol, water or mixtures thereof are preferably used for washing.
  • the catalyst is preferably washed with solvent at a temperature in the range from 40 to 200 ° C., optionally under pressure in a range from ⁇ 40 bar.
  • the solvent or the solvent mixture can be separated off from the catalyst by any suitable method. If, in a preferred embodiment, the catalyst is washed in the reaction device, as described above, the solvent is preferably first let out of the reaction device.
  • the solvent or the solvent mixture is preferably removed from one or more inert gases by treatment with one or more streams.
  • the temperatures are preferably in a range from -50 to 250 ° C.
  • Inert gases include nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, hydrogen, synthesis gas, methane, ethane and natural gas. Nitrogen is preferably used.
  • the inert gas loaded with solvent is either disposed of thermally or worked up to recover the solvent contained therein.
  • the washing with solvent is carried out under pressure at a temperature above the boiling point of the solvent and, after the solvent has been discharged, the pressure is reduced to such an extent that part of the solvent already evaporates due to the latent heat of the reactor before or during the start of the supply of gas for drying.
  • a gas and a liquid can be used for the jacket-side heat transfer of the conversion device. It is preferred to use a liquid for a temperature range below 150 ° C. and a gas for the temperature range above 150 ° C.
  • the present invention also relates to a method as described above, characterized in that
  • a method which comprises heating a spent catalyst at a temperature less than 400 ° C but higher than 150 ° C in the presence of molecular oxygen for a period of time sufficient to increase the activity of the spent catalyst, such as it is described in EP-A 0 743 094;
  • a method that heating a spent catalyst at a temperature of 150 ° C to 700 ° C in the presence of a gas stream containing at most 5% by volume of molecular oxygen for a period of time sufficient for the activity of the spent Improving catalyst comprises, as described in EP-A 0 790 075;
  • a process for the regeneration of a catalyst which comprises the following stages (A) and (B):
  • step (D) cooling the regenerated catalyst obtained in step (C) in an inert gas stream containing up to 20% by volume of a liquid vapor selected from the group consisting of water, an alcohol, an aldehyde, a ketone, an ether, an acid , an ester, a Nitrile, a hydrocarbon and a mixture of two or more thereof,
  • the catalyst for regeneration could additionally be washed with at least one hydroperoxide solution or with one or more oxidizing acids before or according to the methods described above.
  • the methods described above can also be combined with one another in a suitable manner.
  • the catalyst regenerated in this way can be conditioned, if necessary, for renewed use in the reaction of alkene with hydroperoxide in order to remove the heat of sorption of the solvent or the starting materials in a controlled manner.
  • This is possible using all conceivable methods.
  • small amounts of a solvent are preferably admixed with the inert gas flowing past the catalyst, and the inert gas stream which is solvent vapor is passed through the catalyst bed.
  • the preferred solvent tel used that which is used for the implementation and / or the laundry, as described above. Methanol is very particularly preferred.
  • the solvent content and the volume flow of the inert gas are preferably selected so that no impermissible peak temperature (hot spot) occurs on the catalyst.
  • the temperature increase should preferably not be more than 100 ° C. above the average temperature of the heat exchanger in the jacket space.
  • the catalyst regenerated according to the process of the invention is reused for the reaction of alkene with hydroperoxide.
  • the present invention also relates to an integrated process for the preparation of an epoxide, comprising steps (i), (ii), (ii ⁇ ), (v) and optionally (iv) as described above, characterized in that (vi) the the catalyst resulting from (v) is used to react the alkene with hydroperoxide according to (i).
  • Zeolites are known to be crystalline aluminosilicates with ordered channel and kg structures that have micropores that are preferably smaller than approximately 0.9 nm.
  • the network of such zeolites is made up of SiO 4 - and AlO 4 - Tetrahedra connected by common oxygen bridges.
  • An overview of the known structures can be found, for example, in WM Meier, DH Olson and Ch. Baerlocher, "Atlas of Zeolite Structure Types", Elsevier, 4th edition, London 1996.
  • Zeolites are now also known which contain no aluminum and in which titanium (Ti) is partly substituted for Si (IV) in the silicate lattice. These titanium zeolites, in particular those with a MFI-type crystal structure, and possibilities for their production are described, for example in EP-A 0 311 983 or EP-A 405 978.
  • silicon and titanium such materials can also contain additional elements such as, for example, As aluminum, zirconium, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel, gallium, boron or a small amount of fluorine.
  • the titanium of the zeolite can be partially or completely replaced by vanadium, zirconium, chromium or ⁇ iobium or a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the molar ratio of titanium and / or vanadium, zirconium, chromium or ⁇ iob to the sum of silicon and titanium and / or vanadium and / or zirconium, and / or chromium and / or ⁇ iobium is generally in the range from 0.01: 1 up to 0.1: 1.
  • Titanium zeolites in particular those with an MFI-type crystal ricture, and possibilities for their production are described, for example, in WO 98/55228, WO 98/03394, WO 98/03395, EP-A 0 311 983 or EP-A 0 405 978 described, the scope of which is fully included in the context of the present application.
  • Titanium zeolites with an MFI structure are known to be identified by a certain pattern in the determination of their X-ray diffraction measurements and additionally by a framework vibration band in the infrared range (TOR.) At about 960 cm “ and are thus different from alkali metal titanates or crystalline and amorphous TiO 2 -Differentiate phases.
  • Zeolites with pentasil-zeolite structure containing titanium, germanium, tellurium, vanadium, chromium, niobium and zirconium in particular the types with X-ray assignment to ABW, ACO, AEI, AEL, AEN, AET, AFG, AFI, AFN, AFO, AFR, AFS, AFT, AFX, AFY, AHT, ANA, APC, APD, AST, ATN , ATO, ATS, ATT, ATV, AWO, AWW, BEA, BIK, BOG, BPH, BRE, CAN, CAS, CFI, CGF, CGS, CHA -, CHI, CLO, CON, CZP, DAC, DDR, DFO, DFT, DOH, DON, EAB, EDI, EMT, EPI, ERI, ESN, EUO, FAU, FER, GIS, GME, GOO, HEU, IFR, ISN,
  • Titanium-containing zeolites with the structure of ITQ-4, SSZ-24, TTM-1, UTD-1, CIT-1 or CIT-5 are also conceivable for use in the process according to the invention. Further titanium-containing zeolites are those with the structure of ZSM-48 or ZSM-12.
  • Ti zeolites with an MFI, MEL or MFIvMEL mixed structure are to be regarded as particularly preferred for the process according to the invention.
  • the Ti-containing zeolite catalysts which are generally referred to as “TS-1”, “TS-2”, “TS-3”, and Ti zeolites with an isomorphic structure to ⁇ -zeolite are further preferred to call.
  • the present invention also relates to a process as described above, characterized in that the catalyst is a titanium silicalite having the structure TS-1.
  • the term “alkene”, as used in the context of the present invention, is understood to mean all compounds which have at least one CC double bond.
  • alkenes are mentioned as examples of such organic compounds with at least one C-C double bond:
  • Alkenes containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms are preferably used in the process according to the invention. Ethene, propene and butene are particularly preferred. Propene is particularly preferably reacted.
  • the present invention also relates to a process as described above or an integrated process as described above, characterized in that the alkene is propene.
  • the hydroperoxides used according to the invention can be obtained by all processes known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the anthraquinone process can be used, for example, according to which practically the entire amount of the hydrogen peroxide produced worldwide is produced.
  • This process is based on the catalytic hydrogenation of an anti__rachinon compound to the corresponding anthrahydroquinone compound, subsequent reaction of the same with oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide and subsequent separation of the hydrogen peroxide formed by extraction.
  • the catalytic cycle is closed by renewed hydrogenation of the re-formed anthraquinone compound.
  • At least one salt contained in the hydrogen peroxide solution can be removed from the hydrogen peroxide solution by means of ion exchange by means of a device, is characterized in that the device has at least one non-acidic ion exchange bed with a flow cross-sectional area F and a height H, the height H of the ion exchange bed being less than or equal to 2.5 • F lß and in particular less than or equal to 1.5 • F 1/2 is.
  • non-acidic ion exchanger beds with a cation exchanger and / or anion exchanger can be used within the scope of the present invention.
  • Cation and anion exchangers can also be used as so-called mixed beds within an ion exchange bed.
  • only one type of non-acidic ion exchanger is used. It is further preferred to use a basic ion exchanger, particularly preferably that of a basic anion exchanger and further particularly preferably that of a weakly basic anion exchanger.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of an acid with a pKa value in water of less than 6 for removing alkali metal from a zeolite catalyst.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for the regeneration of a zeolite catalyst which comprises: (a) washing a zeolite catalyst used in a process according to any one of claims 1 to 8 with a solution comprising at least one acid with a pKa value in water of less than 6, the acid being formed in the reaction of alkene and hydroperoxide, (b) washing the catalyst resulting from (a) with methanol and
  • the epoxidation of propylene with hydrogen peroxide was carried out in a tubular jacket provided with a cooling jacket and 45 mm in diameter and 2 m in length, which was treated with approx. 620 g of a fresh epoxidation catalyst (titanium silicalite TS-1 in the form of strands with a diameter of 1.5 mm and alkali metal content ⁇ 200 ppm) was filled.
  • a fresh epoxidation catalyst titanium silicalite TS-1 in the form of strands with a diameter of 1.5 mm and alkali metal content ⁇ 200 ppm
  • the individual starting materials were brought together under pressure (approx. 20 bar) in front of the reactor and passed through the reactor.
  • the temperature of the cooling medium in the jacket space was chosen so that the hydrogen peroxide conversion at the reactor outlet was approximately 90% (the temperature was in the range between 25 and 45 ° C., depending on the degree of deactivation of the catalyst).
  • the reaction was stopped after 300 hours, the catalyst was washed free of propylene oxide with methanol at room temperature and then dried at 40 ° C. in a stream of nitrogen. After removal, the catalyst was analyzed for its potassium content.
  • the potassium concentrations in the dry catalyst were: At the reactor inlet: 1400 ppm by weight
  • the organic carbon content was 1.1% by weight.
  • the removed catalyst was then heated in a muffle furnace with circulating air at 550 ° C. for 2 hours in order to remove the organic deposits by burning off. After burning, the organic carbon content was ⁇ 0.1% by weight.
  • the catalyst (minus about 5 g which was used for the analyzes) was refilled into the reactor and the reaction was continued for a further 300 hours. A slight decrease in catalyst activity was evident from the approximately 2 ° C higher temperature (compared to the first run) that was required to achieve the same hydrogen peroxide conversion. After the second run, the catalyst was washed again, dried and analyzed for potassium. The concentrations were:
  • Example 1 was repeated, but instead of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution, a 1.25% by weight solution of sodium pyrophosphate (Na P 2 O, 2 g / h) was used as the base.
  • the first reaction was also stopped after 300 hours, the catalyst was washed free of propylene oxide at room temperature with methanol and then dried at 40 ° C. in a stream of nitrogen. After removal, the catalyst was analyzed for its sodium content.
  • the sodium concentration in the dry catalyst was:
  • the organic carbon content was 1.3% by weight.
  • the catalyst was used again for 300 hours, again with a slightly lower activity than in the first run , After washing and drying, the catalyst was analyzed for its sodium content.
  • the sodium concentrations in the dry catalyst were:
  • Example 1 Epoxidation with diceium hydrogen phosphate as base (comparative example) Example 1 was repeated, but instead of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate solution, a 2.5% by weight solution of dicesium hydrogen phosphate (Cs 2 HPO 4 , 3.6 g / h, prepared in solution from Cs CO 3 and phosphoric acid) was used as the base.
  • dicesium hydrogen phosphate Cs 2 HPO 4 , 3.6 g / h, prepared in solution from Cs CO 3 and phosphoric acid
  • the first reaction was also stopped after 300 hours, the catalyst was washed free of propylene oxide at room temperature with methanol and then dried at 40 ° C. in a stream of nitrogen. After removal, the catalyst was analyzed for its cesium content.
  • the cesium concentrations in the dry catalyst were:
  • the organic carbon content was 2.4% by weight. After the regeneration (analogous to Example 1; after burning off, the organic carbon content was ⁇ 0.1% by weight), the catalyst was used again for 300 hours, with a loss of activity compared to the first run being found (for the same turnover was required in the second run at a temperature which was about 3 ° C higher than in the first run). After washing and drying, the catalyst was analyzed for its cesium content. The cesium concentrations in the dry catalyst were.
  • Epoxidation with dipotassium hydrogen phosphate as base (according to the invention)
  • Example 1 The first run of Example 1 was repeated. After the 300 hours, the propylene, hydrogen peroxide and dipotassium hydrogenphosphate feeds were shut off and rinsed with methanol for 1 hour. Then about 2 g / h of formic acid were metered into the running methanol stream. The catalyst was washed with this ⁇ 0.1% by weight solution for 1 hour. The acid metering was then switched off and washed with methanol for a further 1 hour. After the methanol had been discharged, the catalyst was dried in a stream of nitrogen as in Example 1. The potassium levels were as follows:
  • the organic carbon content was 0.9% by weight.
  • the removed catalyst was then heated in a muffle furnace with circulating air at 550 ° C. for 2 hours in order to remove the organic deposits by burning off. After burning, the organic carbon content was ⁇ 0.1% by weight.
  • the catalyst (minus about 5 g which was used for the analyzes) was refilled into the reactor and the reaction was continued for a further 300 hours. There was no decrease in activity compared to the first run.
  • Example 2 Epoxidation with sodium pyrophosphate as base (according to the invention) The first run of Example 2 was repeated. The sodium pyrophosphate dosage was stopped ten hours before the end of the experiment. After the 300 hours, the propylene and hydrogen peroxide feeds were then shut off and rinsed with methanol for 3 hours. After the methanol had been discharged, the catalyst was dried in a stream of nitrogen as in Example 1. The sodium content was as follows:
  • the organic carbon content was 1.3% by weight.
  • the removed catalyst was then heated in a muffle furnace with circulating air at 550 ° C. for 2 hours in order to remove the organic deposits by burning off. After burning, the organic carbon content was ⁇ 0.1% by weight.
  • the catalyst (minus about 5 g which was used for the analyzes) was refilled into the reactor and the reaction was continued for a further 300 hours. There was no decrease in activity compared to the first run.
  • Epoxidation with diceium hydrogen phosphate as base (according to the invention)
  • Example 3 The first run of Example 3 was repeated. After the 300 hours, the propylene, hydrogen peroxide and diceium hydrogenphosphate feeds were shut off and rinsed with methanol for 1 hour. Then about 2 g / h of phosphoric acid were metered into the running methanol stream. The catalyst was washed with this -0.1% by weight solution for 1 hour. The sauce was then Redosing stopped and washed with methanol for 1 hour. After the methanol had been discharged, the catalyst was dried in a stream of nitrogen as in Example 1. The cesium content was as follows:
  • the organic carbon content was 2.0% by weight.
  • the removed catalyst was then heated in a muffle furnace with circulating air at 550 ° C for 2 hours to remove the organic deposits by burning. After burning, the organic carbon content was ⁇ 0.1% by weight.
  • the • Catalyst (g minus about 5 that were used for the analyzes) was re-introduced into the reactor and the reaction further 300 hours, dangerous situations. It was no decrease in activity are observed in comparison with the first run.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'un époxyde en présence d'un catalyseur à zéolithe. Ce procédé consiste (i) à faire réagir un alcène avec un hydroperoxide en présence du catalyseur pour former l'époxyde, au moins un sel de métaux alcalins étant ajouté à la réaction dans au moins un courant d'éduit, ce procédé se caractérisant en ce que (ii), au cours de la réaction, l'addition du ou des sels de métaux alcalins est interrompue et l'introduction d'hydroperoxide et d'alcène est prolongée.
EP01978346A 2000-09-11 2001-09-06 Procede de preparation d'un epoxyde Withdrawn EP1318989A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10044787A DE10044787A1 (de) 2000-09-11 2000-09-11 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Epoxides
DE10044787 2000-09-11
PCT/EP2001/010297 WO2002020503A1 (fr) 2000-09-11 2001-09-06 Procede de preparation d'un epoxyde

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EP1318989A1 true EP1318989A1 (fr) 2003-06-18

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EP (1) EP1318989A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1494534A (fr)
AU (1) AU2002210490A1 (fr)
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DE (1) DE10044787A1 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA03002010A (fr)
WO (1) WO2002020503A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200301925B (fr)

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TWI368615B (en) * 2008-08-01 2012-07-21 Dow Global Technologies Llc Process for producing epoxides
CN103182320B (zh) * 2011-12-29 2015-02-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种再生钛硅分子筛的方法
BR112016001529B1 (pt) * 2013-07-24 2020-10-06 Basf Se Processo contínuo para preparação de óxido de propileno, sistema catalítico e uso
SG11201600536WA (en) * 2013-07-24 2016-02-26 Basf Se Regeneration of a titanium containing zeolite
BR112016001443B1 (pt) 2013-07-24 2020-09-29 Basf Se Processo contínuo para a preparação de óxido de propileno
WO2015010992A1 (fr) * 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 Basf Se Procédé de préparation d'oxyde de propylène
SG11201700116PA (en) * 2014-07-29 2017-02-27 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Process for the epoxidation of an olefin
CN112439449A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-05 中国石油化工股份有限公司 提高骨架结构中四价钛含量的钛硅分子筛催化剂的制备方法及其催化剂
CN112661604A (zh) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-16 中国石油化工股份有限公司 基于镍系负载型催化剂的环戊醇的制备方法
CN112661620A (zh) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-16 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种环戊酮的制备方法
CN112661618B (zh) * 2019-10-16 2024-04-09 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种环戊酮的铜催化制备方法
CN112661602B (zh) * 2019-10-16 2024-04-23 中国石油化工股份有限公司 基于铜系催化剂的环戊醇的制备方法
CN112661603A (zh) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-16 中国石油化工股份有限公司 基于钯系负载型催化剂的环戊醇的制备方法
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DE10044787A1 (de) 2002-04-04
CA2421866A1 (fr) 2003-03-10
US20030187284A1 (en) 2003-10-02
WO2002020503A1 (fr) 2002-03-14
AU2002210490A1 (en) 2002-03-22
CN1494534A (zh) 2004-05-05
MXPA03002010A (es) 2003-08-19
ZA200301925B (en) 2004-07-05

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