EP1316722A1 - Elektronische Schaltung zur Steuerung eines Startermotors - Google Patents

Elektronische Schaltung zur Steuerung eines Startermotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1316722A1
EP1316722A1 EP02292919A EP02292919A EP1316722A1 EP 1316722 A1 EP1316722 A1 EP 1316722A1 EP 02292919 A EP02292919 A EP 02292919A EP 02292919 A EP02292919 A EP 02292919A EP 1316722 A1 EP1316722 A1 EP 1316722A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transistor
control circuit
diode
circuit according
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02292919A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1316722B1 (de
Inventor
Régis MAILLET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS filed Critical Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Publication of EP1316722A1 publication Critical patent/EP1316722A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1316722B1 publication Critical patent/EP1316722B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/10—Safety devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control circuit motor vehicle starter electronics.
  • Such a starter comprises a rotary electric motor connected to a output shaft equipped with a launcher with a hub and a pinion mobile intended to cooperate with a starting gear ring to start the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle.
  • the pinion is generally mounted at sliding on the output shaft between a rest position, in which it is disengaged from the ring gear, and a active working position in which it meshes with said crown, which is rigidly linked in rotation or elastic to the crankshaft of the vehicle engine.
  • the output shaft is confused with the output shaft of the electric motor.
  • a planetary gear reducer is arranged between these two shafts output (see figure 1 of document FR A 2 795 884).
  • the electric motor is associated with an electromagnet contactor arranged above the engine and comprising a coil actuation of a movable core capable of acting on a contact of power to close this one and electrically supply the electric motor.
  • This contactor has a dual function supply of electric motor with current and displacement of the movable pinion between the two rest and working positions.
  • the movable core is mechanically connected by a lever, such that a fork, to the launcher comprising a free wheel, in variant a conical clutch described for example in the document FR A 2 826 696, inserted axially between the pinion and the hub of the launcher.
  • the lever is pivotally mounted and the hub of the launcher is internally provided with helical splines in taken with complementary teeth carried by the shaft of exit.
  • the launcher and pinion assembly is thus animated by a helical movement when moving the lever to come in taken with the starter gear.
  • the excitement of contactor is controlled by actuation of the ignition key, which closes the electrical circuit to the battery.
  • an electronic control device for a electromagnetic starter contactor CT has a well known manner a management unit G formed by a microcontroller cooperating with an electronic switch, by example a transistor T1 of the MOSFET type, electrically connected in series with the contactor actuating coil L electromagnetic CT.
  • a freewheeling diode D2 is connected in parallel to the terminals of the coil L, the cathode being connected to the positive pole of battery B, and the anode to transistor T1.
  • Management unit G controls the grid of the transistor T1 in pulse mode, for example by modulation of PWM pulse width, allowing a variation of the duty cycle of control pulses to adjust current effective in coil L of contactor CT depending on different parameters.
  • the management unit G is also used to manage other functions, including automatic starter stop after starting, overcurrent protection, over overheating in the event of repeated starting attempts, and the start-up protection during false operations. She is either integrated in the starter, or housed outside the starter in a specific case. Such a device is described in the document FR-A-2 770 349.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a circuit for electronic control of a vehicle starter switch automobile which is protected against the risk of reversal of polarity, likely to be caused by connections battery errors.
  • a second safety transistor is arranged in series with the first transistor and is controlled by all or nothing by a logic gate And sensitive to the open state or closed the start switch.
  • the second transistor is a transistor of safety to avoid any risk of contactor fire especially when the first transistor is short-circuited.
  • the unidirectional semiconductor protection element in reverse polarity is advantageously formed by a diode.
  • the first transistor and the second transistor of the switch are advantageously formed by transistors of power of the MOSFET type. These transistors can operate in battery polarity reversal, but in this case abnormally heat which can cause destruction of the starter. Thanks to the invention these transistors are protected in battery polarity reversal.
  • the first transistor is in one embodiment controlled in pulse mode by the management unit which allows properly control the supply of the coil and therefore the displacement of non-noisy way of the moving core of the contactor, supply the contactor coil in two phases as described in the aforementioned document FR A 2 795 884 to which reference will be made for more details.
  • a TOPFET type transistor provides polarity control and allows combined thermal overcurrent and overvoltage protection. This transistor is controlled by an AND gate like the safety transistor.
  • the power stage 10 of the electronic control of the contactor actuation coil L Electromagnetic CT includes a first transistor T1 controlled in PWM modulation by the management unit G, here formed by a microcontroller generating other functions as in the case of Figure 1.
  • the output S1 of the management unit G is connected to the gate of transistor T1 by a resistive divider R1-R2.
  • a freewheeling diode D2 is connected in parallel to the terminals of the coil L and in series with transistor T1.
  • a second safety transistor T2 is inserted between the first transistor T1 and ground, and is controlled in all or nothing by a logic gate AND receiving on a first input a first control signal from output S2 of the control unit management G, and on a second input a second signal representative of the open or closed state of the switch K of the ignition key.
  • the potential of the gate of transistor T2 is fixed by a resistor R3 connected between the output of the door AND and the mass.
  • Unit G monitors the state of the transistors.
  • the two transistors T1 and T2 are transistors of power and are connected in series. They are constituted as examples using N channel MOSFET type power transistors logical, which are reliable over time and which do not penalize starter efficiency. Such mounting allows control safe starting at low current. MOSFET transistors have the particularity of having a diode in parallel between the drain and source, said diode being reverse biased, this is to say the cathode in electrical connection with the positive terminal of battery B.
  • a unidirectional semiconductor element designated by the general reference 12 is connected in the circuit power stage 10 to prevent the passage of the current when the polarity of battery B has been reversed.
  • This element 12 is advantageously constituted by a diode D1 mounted in series with transistor T1 and connected between the battery and the freewheeling diode D2.
  • the anode of diode D1 is connected electric with the positive terminal of the battery, while its cathode is connected to the cathode of diode D2.
  • the two diodes D1 and D2 are for good integration advantageously housed in the same double Schottky diode box with common cathodes, thanks to which the diode D1 provides protection in reverse polarity, and diode D2 provides the wheel function free of current in coil L of contactor CT.
  • Use of a single component incorporating the two diodes D1 and D2 allows obtain a reduction in the size and cost of the card electronic carrying, advantageously in the contactor, the diodes, transistors and the management unit.
  • the diode D1 which ensures the reverse polarity protection, is inserted, here connected, between the coil L and the first transistor T1.
  • the anode of the diode D1 is connected for this purpose to the anode of the wheel diode D2 free, and the cathode of D1 is connected to the drain of the transistor T1.
  • we simplify the internal connection of the contactor because the positive poles of the coil L and battery B are common, which requires a only connection at this location on the electronic card.
  • the diodes D1 and D2 are formed in this case by components individual, because an integrated double diode box does not exist in common anode version.
  • the power stage 10 is conforms to that of FIG. 2, but the diode D1 which ensures the reverse polarity protection, is positioned, i.e. connected, between transistor T2 and ground.
  • the anode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the source of transistor T2, and the grounded cathode.
  • the operation is identical to that of the diagram in Figure 2 but the mass reference on the source of the transistor T2 is floating because of the threshold voltage (from the order of 1V) from diode D1.
  • the diode D1 which provides reverse polarity protection, is connected between the battery B and coil L, the anode of D1 being connected electrically to the cathode of the freewheeling diode D2, and to the positive terminal of battery B. Reverse protection of polarity provided by diode D1 only prohibits the current flow in coil L.
  • the control circuit is conforms to that of the assembly of FIG. 4, but the diode D1 of reverse polarity protection is replaced by a auxiliary transistor T3 of the MOSFET type channel N.
  • the potential of gate of transistor T3 is adjusted by a bridge comprising a Zener D5 diode with the anode connected to ground, and a resistor R4 electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery B.
  • the voltage drop in transistor T3 will be more weak than in the case of diode D1, but the ground reference will nevertheless remain offset by a value of the order of 0.1V to 0.3V.
  • the auxiliary transistor T3 of the MOSFET type channel P is connected between the positive terminal of battery B and the cathode of the freewheeling diode D2.
  • the transistor T2 is connected directly to ground, as well as the gate of the auxiliary transistor T3.
  • the voltage drop in the transistor T3 will also be weaker than in the case of diode D1 in figure 2.
  • the transistor T1 is formed by a transistor IGBT arranged between the coil L and the transistor T2. This transistor is connected between the anode of the diode D2 and the transistor T2.
  • the T1 IGBT transistor does not have a diode in parallel between the drain and source, and will therefore block current in case of reverse polarity.
  • Diode D1 in Figure 2 is not no longer needed but the voltage drop in the IGBT transistor will be more important than in a MOSFET.
  • the order of the T1 IGBT transistor requires the insertion of an amplifier stage 14 to provide sufficient control current.
  • upstairs amplifier 14 is of a type known per se, for example with two amplifier stages with transistors Q1 and Q2 and a Zener diode Z1 whose anode is connected to ground and the cathode is connected to the collector of transistor Q2 and to the gate of transistor T1 IGBTs.
  • the transistor T1 is constituted by a TOPFET transistor connected between the positive terminal of battery B and the freewheeling diode D2 in parallel on the coil L.
  • This transistor T1 is connected between the battery and the cathode of the diode D2
  • the TOPFET transistor on the one hand, is fully controlled or nothing by a logic gate AND receiving on a first input a first control signal from output S2 of the control unit management G and on a second input a second signal representative of the open or closed state of the switch K of the ignition key like the transistor T2 of figure 2, and other hand, does not have a diode in parallel between the drain and the source, and as in the assembly of figure 8, there is no potential problem when reversing polarity.
  • management unit G is well protected.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP02292919A 2001-11-30 2002-11-26 Elektronische Schaltung zur Steuerung eines Startermotors Expired - Lifetime EP1316722B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0115555A FR2834756B1 (fr) 2001-11-30 2001-11-30 Circuit de commande electronique d'un demarreur de vehicule automobile
FR0115555 2001-11-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1316722A1 true EP1316722A1 (de) 2003-06-04
EP1316722B1 EP1316722B1 (de) 2007-04-04

Family

ID=8870009

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02292919A Expired - Lifetime EP1316722B1 (de) 2001-11-30 2002-11-26 Elektronische Schaltung zur Steuerung eines Startermotors

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1316722B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60219268T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2284799T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2834756B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103228905A (zh) * 2010-12-09 2013-07-31 罗伯特·博世有限公司 移动式的起动设备

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017201893A1 (de) 2017-01-12 2018-07-12 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Elektronische Schaltung zur Absicherung einer Energieversorgung einer Empfangseinrichtung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4209816A (en) * 1978-07-07 1980-06-24 Eaton Corporation Protective control for vehicle starter and electrical systems
US4490620A (en) * 1983-09-12 1984-12-25 Eaton Corporation Engine starter protective and control module and system
US5413072A (en) * 1991-08-15 1995-05-09 Nartron Corporation Vehicle starter and electrical system protection
GB2338845A (en) * 1998-06-25 1999-12-29 Siemens Electromech Components Battery isolation relay

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2770349B1 (fr) 1997-10-24 2000-01-14 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Dispositif pour la commande d'un demarreur de vehicule automobile

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4209816A (en) * 1978-07-07 1980-06-24 Eaton Corporation Protective control for vehicle starter and electrical systems
US4490620A (en) * 1983-09-12 1984-12-25 Eaton Corporation Engine starter protective and control module and system
US5413072A (en) * 1991-08-15 1995-05-09 Nartron Corporation Vehicle starter and electrical system protection
GB2338845A (en) * 1998-06-25 1999-12-29 Siemens Electromech Components Battery isolation relay

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103228905A (zh) * 2010-12-09 2013-07-31 罗伯特·博世有限公司 移动式的起动设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60219268D1 (de) 2007-05-16
FR2834756A1 (fr) 2003-07-18
DE60219268T2 (de) 2008-01-03
EP1316722B1 (de) 2007-04-04
FR2834756B1 (fr) 2004-10-15
ES2284799T3 (es) 2007-11-16

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