EP1313935A1 - Verfahren zur bestimmung des stickoxidgehalts in sauerstoffhaltigen abgasen von brennkraftmaschinen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bestimmung des stickoxidgehalts in sauerstoffhaltigen abgasen von brennkraftmaschinenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1313935A1 EP1313935A1 EP01960712A EP01960712A EP1313935A1 EP 1313935 A1 EP1313935 A1 EP 1313935A1 EP 01960712 A EP01960712 A EP 01960712A EP 01960712 A EP01960712 A EP 01960712A EP 1313935 A1 EP1313935 A1 EP 1313935A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- amount
- detected
- gravity
- nox
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/028—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the combustion timing or phasing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
- F02D41/1461—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine
- F02D41/1462—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine with determination means using an estimation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/36—Control for minimising NOx emissions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the nitrogen oxide content in oxygen-containing exhaust gases from internal combustion engines.
- NOx nitrogen oxides
- DE 198 01 626 AI has already proposed a method for diagnosing a catalytic converter in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, which has both oxygen and nitrogen oxide storage capacity.
- This method provides for a first phase shift between a decrease in the oxygen concentration and one thereon following reaction of the probe and a second phase shift between subsequent increase in the oxygen concentration and a subsequent reaction of the probe is detected.
- the difference in the phase shift is determined and an error signal is stored and / or output if the said difference does not reach a predetermined threshold.
- EP 0 783 918 A1 discloses a process for reducing the nitrogen oxide content in oxygen-containing exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, in particular diesel engines and direct-injection gasoline engines for motor vehicles.
- the nitrogen oxides are reduced on a catalytic converter using a reducing agent which is metered into the exhaust gas as a function of operating parameters.
- Hydrogen / or hydrocarbon is used as the reducing agent, with only hydrogen in a first operating range of the internal combustion engine, both hydrogen and hydrocarbon in a second operating range and only hydrocarbon upstream of the catalytic converter being supplied to the exhaust gas in a third operating range.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for determining the nitrogen oxide content in oxygen-containing exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, with which the nitrogen oxide emission can be determined on the basis of the actual influencing variables. This object is achieved by a method for determining the nitrogen oxide content in oxygen-containing exhaust gases from internal combustion engines with the features of claim 1.
- NOx emission nitrogen oxide emission
- Such a determination is used, for example, to calculate NOx emissions in advance and to plan the experiment, as well as to check the plausibility of measured values such as indexing data and NOx values.
- the computational determination of the NOx with the current simulation models is completely inadequate for the NOx determination.
- a control and regulation algorithm for vehicle use cannot be represented with these calculation models due to the extreme calculation time requirement.
- the present invention makes it possible to calculate the NOx emission exactly, since this calculation is based on values from the actual influencing variables on the NOx emission.
- the amount of NOx emissions from an internal combustion engine primarily depends on the local temperature, the oxygen concentration and the dwell time of the cylinder charge in the combustion chamber. Let the latter two sizes can be acquired relatively easily by measuring the engine speed of the air used and the amount of fuel. In contrast, it is much more difficult to determine the gas temperature in the combustion chamber.
- the present invention therefore proposes to use a different variable that directly correlates with the gas temperature relevant for the nitrogen oxide generation. Since the gas temperature largely depends on the center of gravity of the combustion, i.e.
- the position of the 50% conversion of the fuel in relation to the piston position TDC it is advantageous to use the center of gravity or a comparable variable such as the position of the maximum energy conversion as a reference quantity for the NOx To choose emission.
- the value of the NOx emission is calculated from this value for the focus of the combustion and the values of the detected fuel quantity and air mass, for example with the help of neural networks.
- the focus of the combustion is preferably determined by measuring the combustion chamber pressure curve.
- a pressure sensor is provided in the area of the combustion chamber. This way of determining the center of gravity of the combustion is extremely precise.
- pressure sensors are provided for determining the center of gravity of the combustion, there are further advantages, in particular with regard to the monitoring of the maximum pressure for error detection, for determining the operating mode and the like.
- the amount of the returned exhaust gas ses detected and a corresponding signal is supplied to the electrical circuit and this signal is included in the calculation of the amount of NOx emission.
- the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is detected and a corresponding signal is supplied to the electrical circuit, and that this signal is included in the calculation of the amount of NOx emission.
- the speed of the internal combustion engine is detected and a corresponding signal is fed to the electrical circuit, and that this signal is included in the calculation of the amount of NOx emission.
- 1 is a schematic representation of an engine block with pressure transducers and engine electronics
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a vertical
- FIG. 3 shows the course of the combustion
- Fig. 4 shows the dependence of the nitrogen oxide emission on the position of the center of gravity, based on the crank angle.
- a cylinder block 1 which comprises four cylinders 2 is shown.
- a pressure sensor 3 located in the area of the combustion chamber is assigned to each of the cylinders.
- These pressure sensors 3 are connected to inputs of a signal processing unit 5 by means of connecting lines 4.
- the signal conditioning 5 is part of an electronic circuit 6, which also includes motor electronics 7.
- a disc 8, which can simultaneously form the flywheel, for example, is arranged on a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine (not shown in the drawing), with this disc 8 being assigned an angle marker 9. This angle marker 9 is connected via a line 10 to an input of the signal processing 5.
- the cylinder block 1 is shown schematically as a longitudinal section through the cylinder 2, a piston 12 being displaceably guided in the cylinder 2, the upper side of the piston 12 defining a combustion chamber 11.
- the cylinder 2 is closed on its upper side by a cylinder head 13, an inlet valve 14 and an outlet valve 17 being arranged in the cylinder head 13.
- the required combustion air can flow from the intake pipe 15 into the cylinder 2 through the inlet valve 14, the respective air mass being recorded in an air mass meter 16.
- the air mass meter 16 is connected to the electronic circuit 6 via a line 22.
- the combustion gases pass through the exhaust valve 17 into an exhaust gas line 18, which leads to a catalytic converter arrangement, not shown in the drawing.
- An exhaust gas recirculation line 19 branching off the exhaust gas line 18 is provided, which opens into the intake pipe 15 downstream of the air mass meter 16.
- this exhaust gas recirculation line 19 there is a recirculation quantity sensor 20 which detects the mass of the recirculated exhaust gas and transmits corresponding signals to the electronic circuit 6 via a sensor line 21.
- the pressure sensor 3 already described for FIG. 1 is arranged in the cylinder head 13 and connected to the electronic circuit 6 via the connecting line 4.
- an injection valve 25 which is connected to an injection pump 23 via an injection line 26.
- a measuring device 24 for the fuel mass between the injection pump 23 and the injection valve 25 is connected to the circuit 6 via an electrical line 27 and the injection pump 23 is provided with a control line 28, the other end of which is connected to the circuit 6.
- the device described in FIGS. 1 and 2 makes it possible to measure the pressure profile in the combustion chamber 11 with the aid of the pressure sensor 3.
- the center of gravity S of the combustion can be determined from the pressure curve, the position of the center of gravity being 50% of the conversion of the fuel.
- the position of the center of gravity S changes with respect to the crank angle when the combustion process changes, as shown in FIG. 3 is shown. If 50% of the energy supplied has been converted, the center of gravity S lies there.
- the broken line in FIG. 3 shows that if the course of the combustion changes, for example due to a later start of injection, another position of the center of gravity can also be recorded, which is shown in FIG 3 is indicated with Si.
- the peak pressure Pax and its position, based on the crank angle, can be monitored. It is also possible to monitor the uniformity of the combustion in the indicated cylinders. It is also possible to use an additional NOx sensor for redundancy of the system, it being possible to compare the measured value with the calculated value for NOx.
- the determined values for NOx can be used for the control or regulation of exhaust gas aftertreatment systems.
- the present invention is not only suitable for carrying out tests in test benches, but is also particularly suitable for use in the vehicle, that is to say that in the case of so-called on-board diagnosis, constant calculation and control of the NOx emission is possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10043383 | 2000-09-02 | ||
| DE10043383A DE10043383C2 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2000-09-02 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Stickoxidgehalts in sauerstoffhaltigen Abgasen von Brennkraftmaschinen |
| PCT/EP2001/009870 WO2002018762A1 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2001-08-28 | Verfahren zur bestimmung des stickoxidgehalts in sauerstoffhaltigen abgasen von brennkraftmaschinen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1313935A1 true EP1313935A1 (de) | 2003-05-28 |
| EP1313935B1 EP1313935B1 (de) | 2006-10-11 |
Family
ID=7654824
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01960712A Expired - Lifetime EP1313935B1 (de) | 2000-09-02 | 2001-08-28 | Verfahren zur bestimmung des stickoxidgehalts in sauerstoffhaltigen abgasen von brennkraftmaschinen |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6826471B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1313935B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4008810B2 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10043383C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002018762A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10220320B3 (de) * | 2002-05-07 | 2004-01-22 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Verbrennungsmotors |
| US6775623B2 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-08-10 | General Motors Corporation | Real-time nitrogen oxides (NOx) estimation process |
| EP1416143A1 (de) | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-06 | STMicroelectronics S.r.l. | Virtueller Sensor für die Abgasemission einer Brennkraftmaschine und das Einspritzsteuersystem |
| US6817171B2 (en) | 2003-01-17 | 2004-11-16 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | System and method for predicting concentration of undesirable exhaust emissions from an engine |
| DE10316113A1 (de) | 2003-04-09 | 2004-10-28 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Selbstzündung |
| DE10316112A1 (de) | 2003-04-09 | 2004-10-28 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Selbstzündung |
| JP3925485B2 (ja) * | 2003-11-06 | 2007-06-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関のNOx排出量推定方法 |
| DE102005032623B4 (de) * | 2004-12-21 | 2015-03-26 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der zylinderselektiven Ruß- und NOx-Emissionen einer Dieselbrennkraftmaschine und seine Verwendung |
| DE102005017348A1 (de) * | 2005-04-15 | 2006-10-19 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Emissionswerts einer Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine |
| FR2906841B1 (fr) * | 2006-10-09 | 2008-12-12 | Renault Sas | Systeme de determination du debit massique d'oxydes d'azote emis dans les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne |
| DE102007019649A1 (de) | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-30 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE112007003414B4 (de) * | 2007-04-26 | 2020-02-06 | FEV Europe GmbH | Regelung einer Kraftfahrzeug-Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
| DE102008004214B4 (de) | 2008-01-14 | 2017-07-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der NOx-Emission einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Abgasrückführung |
| US20100126481A1 (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2010-05-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Engine control system having emissions-based adjustment |
| FR2945319B1 (fr) * | 2009-05-11 | 2016-03-18 | Renault Sas | Systeme et procede de commande de la combustion dans un moteur a combustion interne. |
| DE102009021793B4 (de) | 2009-05-18 | 2020-08-06 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Stickoxidemission im Brennraum eines Dieselmotors |
| DE102010046491B4 (de) | 2010-09-24 | 2022-05-05 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Schadstoffemission im Brennraum eines Dieselmotors |
| US10539058B2 (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2020-01-21 | Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. | Oxygen correction for engine-out NOx estimates using a NOx sensor of an aftertreatment system |
| DE102015216303B3 (de) * | 2015-08-26 | 2016-09-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Korrektur einer eingespritzten Brennstoffmenge |
| EP3336335B1 (de) | 2016-12-15 | 2021-01-27 | Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zum betrieb eines verbrennungsmotors mit gasförmigem brennstoff |
| US20190153969A1 (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2019-05-23 | Toyota Motor Europe | System and method for emissions determination and correction |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2951796C2 (de) * | 1978-12-21 | 1982-11-04 | Kobe Steel, Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo | Brenner für gasförmige oder flüssige Brennstoffe für minimale NO↓x↓-Emission |
| JPS5813137A (ja) * | 1981-07-18 | 1983-01-25 | Yoshiyuki Morita | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
| EP0115806A3 (de) * | 1983-01-26 | 1986-03-05 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Steuersystem für Brennkraftmaschine |
| US5219227A (en) * | 1990-08-13 | 1993-06-15 | Barrack Technology Limited | Method and apparatus for determining burned gas temperature, trapped mass and NOx emissions in an internal combustion engine |
| JPH06108903A (ja) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-04-19 | Unisia Jecs Corp | 内燃機関の燃焼制御装置 |
| JPH08232820A (ja) * | 1995-02-22 | 1996-09-10 | Unisia Jecs Corp | 内燃機関の燃焼状態検出装置及びその装置を利用した内燃機関の制御装置 |
| DE19520605C1 (de) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-05-23 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Regelung des Verbrennungsablaufs bei einem Otto-Verbrennungsmotor |
| DE19600558C2 (de) * | 1996-01-09 | 1998-10-22 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verfahren zur Verringerung von Stickoxiden in Abgasen von Dieselmotoren |
| DE19705463A1 (de) | 1997-02-13 | 1998-08-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| JP3282660B2 (ja) * | 1997-06-16 | 2002-05-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化装置 |
| DE19801626B4 (de) * | 1998-01-17 | 2010-08-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Diagnose eines NOx-Speicherkatalysators beim Betrieb von Verbrennungsmotoren |
| JP3618598B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-03 | 2005-02-09 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| JP3776299B2 (ja) * | 2000-07-21 | 2006-05-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
-
2000
- 2000-09-02 DE DE10043383A patent/DE10043383C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-08-28 US US10/363,321 patent/US6826471B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-28 WO PCT/EP2001/009870 patent/WO2002018762A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2001-08-28 JP JP2002522656A patent/JP4008810B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-08-28 DE DE50111218T patent/DE50111218D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-28 EP EP01960712A patent/EP1313935B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0218762A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10043383C2 (de) | 2002-06-20 |
| US20040050362A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
| EP1313935B1 (de) | 2006-10-11 |
| DE10043383A1 (de) | 2002-03-14 |
| JP4008810B2 (ja) | 2007-11-14 |
| JP2004507652A (ja) | 2004-03-11 |
| WO2002018762A1 (de) | 2002-03-07 |
| US6826471B2 (en) | 2004-11-30 |
| DE50111218D1 (de) | 2006-11-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20030222 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
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