EP1309769B1 - Ladder, especially for swimming baths and swimming pools, comprising two lateral side rails and a plurality of steps or rungs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a ladder that comprises two lateral side rails and a plurality of steps or rungs. According to the invention, at least a section of the side rail(s) consists of individual profiled elements (33) that are detachably linked with respective adjoining profiled elements (34) or end pieces (14, 20).

Description

The invention relates to a ladder, in particular for swimming pools and swimming pools, with two lateral bars and a plurality of ladder stages, wherein at least a portion of the spar or the spars consists of individual profile pieces, which are releasably connected to each adjacent profile pieces or end pieces, wherein the ladder stages are releasably attached to the side rails via screw or bolt connections, either stepped end faces and Holminnenseiten or intermediate insertable intermediate elements are provided which allow at predetermined angular intervals fasteners of the ladder steps under different angular positions for each provided Holmneigung.

A ladder of this kind is among others from the US 4,724,925 known. To connect the individual spar sections and the ladder stages T-pieces are used which have tubular openings into which the bar ends on opposite sides and a piece of pipe to which the step is attached, can be inserted in this direction perpendicular. The fixation of the pipe ends, especially for the stage should be done via clamping screws.

Other ladders of the type described above are for example from the FR 2 205 094 A , of the EP 0 468 190 A , of the BE 461 253 A , of the US 4 086 980 A or the WO 00/37752 A known.

Such ladders may in the simplest case have two parallel or slightly mutually inclined spars, which are firmly connected to each other via ladder rungs. Such ladders, which used to be exclusively made of wood, are more and more have been displaced by steel ladders, which in addition to the greater weather resistance still have the advantage of a lower weight. Also known are those

Ladder types, each of which by folding down spreadable spars and can be used as independently adjustable ladders. Even with such ladders, the ladder steps and a possibly existing upper footboard are firmly connected to a U-shaped rail profile. Ausziehleitern are also known in which two of two bars and sprouts existing profiles are axially offset from each other and fixed by means of pivot levers in the desired length. The state of the art includes finally collapsible ladders, which consist of individual articulated interconnected sections, which are placed to form a U or a triangular profile. In the hinge area locking devices must be provided for this purpose, which allow corresponding fixations.

An even greater variety of types of ladder types is needed in swimming pool construction. Here are the first mention of the pelvic conductors, which are arranged on the edge of firmly embedded in the ground swimming pool. Depending on the pelvic depth, these ladders have to be offered in different lengths and should have at least two to five, each arranged at a distance of, for example, 25 cm rungs or ladder steps. Such ladders have a curved round tube, whose upper part is designed substantially as a handrail. One of the profile legs is anchored directly in the pool edge bottom by means of a suitable flange or anchorage. The other profile leg of each Holmes, in contrast, clearly protrudes and is curved or angled at its lower free end and is suspended with a rubber buffer on the pool wall below the water. For a three-level pelvic ligament, this results in a below the pool edge conductor length of 90 to 100 cm, a larger conductor length is desired, added per further step, taking into account the appropriate step spacing, a corresponding length measure. The lying above the edge of the pool spar should have a height that allows a safe and comfortable entry into the pool or get out of it. The height of the spar which can be selected above the edge of the pool is about 70 cm.

For basins with a roll cover, through which the water surface is to be completely covered, two-part pool ladders are offered, in which one part consists of a pure handrail, which is substantially or approximately U-shaped and whose free legs anchored respectively in the ground at the pool edge or flanged. The second part, namely the steps provided with treads is anchored in the upper and in the lower area in the pool wall. Depending on the depth of the swimming pool and the ideas of the pool owner, three or even greater number of ladder lengths are offered here as well. In contrast, other, namely worried high-level ladders are needed for Aufstellbecken, which in principle pure ladder ladders which can be climbed up on one side and on the other side down. Accordingly, appropriate steps or rungs are provided on both sides of the ladder. For reasons of stability as well as for safety reasons lying on opposite sides parallel pairs of stakes, which are connected to each other via an upper, substantially U-shaped handrail, inclined at an acute angle to each other. Between the two pair of bars the top ladder stage is expediently designed as a tread surface clamped between the four pillars.

Depending on the inclination of the treads having ladder part and the treads must be secured accordingly, so that there is a horizontal tread.

For such above-ground pools, which are embedded in a base recess only over a portion of their height, there is also the peculiarity that the Aufstelleiter must have different lengths Holmschenkel to compensate for existing differences in height between the pool bottom and the pool edge level can.

All pool ladders are preferably made of stainless, high gloss polished stainless steel for optical reasons.

The different types of conductors on the one hand and desired different lengths require an immense storage capacity. In addition, there is the disadvantage that in case of damage to a ladder Holmes or Umrüstfall, especially in swimming pool construction, the ladder must be completely replaced.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a remedy by a conductor here, which creates greater customization options to the given conditions.

This object is achieved by the ladder according to claim 1. By the measure that at least a portion of the spar or the spars consists of individual profile pieces, which are detachably connected to each adjacent profile pieces or end pieces, there is the advantage that the sprouts or treads having ladder part modular, ie, respectively the desired conductor length or conductor extension to add or insert a suitable number of Holmstücken and sprouts or treads. This not only creates considerably greater variance options with regard to the conductor length, but also simplifies the storage, since, depending on the intended use or customer request, a corresponding number of spar pieces can be strung together; the required storage space is then limited to the storage of the individual spar module parts. Only those parts, such as ladder ladder or handrail pool ladders, which always have the same dimensions regardless of ladder length, are manufactured and stored as unitary pieces.

The ladder steps or rungs are releasably secured to the side rails via screw or bolt connections, the screws or bolts, which also serve for fastening two profile pieces and / or an end piece to a profile piece for fixing the conductor step or ladder rung. In this way, not only screws or bolts as fasteners and an otherwise higher assembly costs are saved, but also used anyway necessary connections of the ladder rungs or steps for mutual fixation of Holmstücken to adjacent Holmstücken or other end pieces. Another advantage here is the interchangeability of ladder steps or ladder rungs. With this module-like structure, it is also possible without any effort to insert according to the spar extension each additional ladder steps or ladder rungs.

Regardless of whether the ladder stiles are arranged vertically or obliquely to the vertical, the treads of a ladder must each be arranged horizontally. In order to meet this requirement, either the stepped end faces and the Holminnenseiten or intermediate insertable intermediate elements are provided which allow at predetermined angular intervals fastenings of the ladder stages under different angular positions to the respective provided Holmneigung. It is further provided that the intermediate element consists of two parts, each having a star-shaped wave or sawtooth on the adjacent end faces. For this purpose, tongue-and-groove principle is preferably resorted to for attachment purposes, wherein in each case a plurality of grooves and tongues inclined at an angle to one another are respectively provided on surfaces to be fixed. Possibly. It is also possible to use a ball socket with locking elements for fastening the stepped end faces to the spar sides. Conveniently, the respective ball socket between the end faces of the ladder steps and the spar is arranged.

Further developments of the present invention are described in the subclaims.

Thus, preferably each profile piece consists of a hollow profile and is designed as a plug-in connection for an adjacent profile piece or end piece. This can be realized in a further embodiment of the invention in that the profile pieces end different, but similar cross-sections, which are designed for insertion on the one hand and for pushing over the other. For a cross-sectionally circular rail profile, this means that a spar end piece has a reduced diameter corresponding to the spar inner diameter of the other end. By appropriate design of the two-sided end parts of the spar piece thus flush outer lateral surfaces can be created at the transition from Holmstück to Holmstück.

For attachment of two profile pieces to each other or a profile piece on an end piece bores for receiving screws or bolts are preferably provided.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer Beckenleiter für ein in den Boden eingelassenes Schwimmbecken,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Leiter nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Explosionszeichnung der Leiter nach Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht einer Hochbeckenleiter,

Fig. 5 bis 9

jeweils Seitenan- und Draufsichten von unterschiedlich geformten Schwimmbeckenleitern und

Fig. 10 bis 12

jeweils verschiedene Ansichten eines Zwischenelementes zur Einstellung der Stufenwinkelstellung.

Further embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings. Show it

Fig. 1

a side view of a pelvic conductor for a sunken in the pool,

Fig. 2

a plan view of the ladder behind Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

an exploded view of the ladder behind Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4

a side view of a high-level ladder,

Fig. 5 to 9

side and top views of differently shaped pool ladders and

10 to 12

each different views of an intermediate element for setting the step angle position.

The from the Fig. 1, 2 . 5, 6 . 7 and 9 visible ladders are intended for fixed installation in swimming pools, which are embedded in the ground, whereas Fig. 4 and 8th each high-level ladders show, which are suitable for Aufstellbecken, which are not embedded or not at all over a portion of their height in the ground.

Swimming pool tread or step ladders have uniformly parallel to each other spars 10 and 11, between which treads 12 are clamped. From Fig. 1 . 4 and 5 to 9 known types of pool ladder are basically known in the art. After the pool ladders Fig. 1 . 5 to 7 and 9 The essential differences exist only in the design of the handrail 14 Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, this has a vertical support 15, which is embedded via a flange or anchoring in the bottom 16 from the pool edge. At this vertical part, finally, an upper elbow 17, which finally passes over a diagonal part 18 in the lower conductor piece 19 with individual steps 12. For attachment to the pool wall of the ladder part 19 has a curved piece 20 which is embedded in the pool wall 21 via a flange or anchoring. To cover serve rosettes 22.

At the in Fig. 5 illustrated embodiment, the handle 15 '(with the exception of the free end portion) is also inclined relative to the vertical.

After the pool ladder Fig. 6 a strict U-profile 23 is realized, in which a U-profile leg is formed as a ladder extension and connected via the lower spar member 20 with the pool wall.

The embodiment according to Fig. 7 represents a two-part pelvic conductor, which consists of a handrail 24 and a separate therefrom conductor 25, which via connecting pieces 26 and 27 is connected to the pool wall. In the aforementioned swimming pool ladders, only the portion having the ladder stage should be designed according to the invention.

The embodiment according to Fig. 9 corresponds to that after Fig. 1 except for the oblique to the vertical guide piece 19th

The high-level ladders according to Fig. 4 and Fig. 8 differed only in that in the first case, the obliquely perpendicular spar parts 27 and 28 are made the same length, while in the case of Fig. 8 the spar member or lying on this side parallel spar members 29 are shorter, so that corresponding height differences can be compensated. The two spar profiles 27, 28 and 28, 29 formed by two parallel spars are connected in both cases via the central U-spar profile 30 to form a unit which is suitable for creating a transition over a wall 31 of a high basin. The high ladder has several steps 12 and an upper common platform 32, wherein due to the oblique angle is the particular feature that the stairs 12 to the bars 27, 28 or 29 have a different angle tilt than is the case with the steps of a vertical standing Holmes , In addition, it should be noted that even with pool ladders for sunken in the ground swimming pool obliquely arranged spars can be provided, for which applies with respect to the stairwell arrangement Corresponding.

The essence of the present invention is in particular FIGS. 2 and 3 seen. Instead of a one-piece ladder from the ladder parts 15, 17, 18, 19 and 20 with there attached treads of the conductor portion 19 is composed in a modular manner. The mutually parallel spars consist of individual profile pieces 33, with an adjacent profile 34 and an end piece 20 (down) or the handle portion 18 (upwards accordingly Fig. 1 ) are fastened together via a plug connection, as is made Fig. 2 is apparent. As connecting means are screws 35, which are at the same time fastening means for the stairs 12 on the Holminnenseiten and are screwed into corresponding holes 36 on the Holminnenseite. The individual hollow profiles are designed such that one end 37 has a reduced outer diameter, which corresponds to the inner diameter of the opposite end 38. In a corresponding manner, of course, the upwardly projecting end of the end piece 20 is to be provided with a smaller outer diameter, so that this end can be inserted into the spar member 38. The individual profile pieces 33, which are used in the assembly of the pool ladder, are basically the same length, so that, for example, a three-stage ladder can easily be extended to a four-stage, five-stage or even more stages ladder. By equal length dimensions of the pieces 33 thus a uniform step spacing is guaranteed.

In the present invention, however, it is also possible to each end of the spar pieces 33 provide a plurality of juxtaposed holes on both end sides, which make it possible to create a more differentiated length design, which is about necessary if in existing holes in pool walls anchors for the ladder must be used.

In principle, nothing changes in this module technology, even if a high-level ladder according to Fig. 4 should be composed. Again, individual hollow profile pieces 33 in the desired number put together and fixed to each other via screw to create the desired ladder height corresponding to the height of the pool wall 31. A special feature here is merely that the stairs 12 with respect to the pair of bars 27, 28, 29 each not perpendicular, but obliquely arranged must be. In order to be able to fall back here on the same components that are used even with vertically installed spars 33, a connection option is provided, which has respectively prepared groove-spring connections for the corresponding conventional angular dimensions, which are then fixed in a suitable manner on the screw. For this purpose, if necessary, a ball socket with a lockable connection for predetermined angular dimensions can be provided on the end faces of the stair steps 12.

10 to 12 show a variant with an intermediate element consisting of two parts 39 and 40, each having on the adjacent end faces a star-shaped shaft or sawtooth profile, by means of which it is possible to arrange the parts 39 and 40 in different rotational angle positions to each other. The part 39 is fixedly connected to the front side of a step, the part 40 with a profile piece 33 or 34. The rotationally fixed connection is made by means of a screw 42 which by corresponding threaded holes in the parts 39 and 40 and / or the profile piece 33, 34 intervenes. After loosening the screw 42 or before their introduction, the respective end faces with the shaft or sawtooth profiles 41 can be aligned with each other in the desired angular position, so that depending on the selected inclination of the profile pieces 33 and 34, a horizontal position of the step 12 can be adjusted. Different step angle settings are for example Fig. 12 refer to.

As a hollow profile cross-section for the ladders, the circular shape offers in principle, but this is not mandatory. For example, it is also possible to choose elliptical or polygonal cross-sectional shapes, with the plug-in connections being adapted in a corresponding manner. The particular advantage of the present invention is that the hollow profile parts 33 can be used uniformly for the construction of the ladder parts 27, 28 and 29 as well as the pool ladder 19 as well as the steps 12. The storage or packaging costs for pool ladders is thus reduced to the volume which is essentially determined by the handrail 14, 15, 23, 24 or 30. The remaining parts 33, 12 and 20 are much shorter, depending on the desired conductor length or height of the high conductor in a corresponding manner more hollow profile parts 33 and stairs 12 must be supplied, which can then be mounted on site if necessary.

In principle, the embodiment according to the invention can be used for each conductor or each conductor system, it being up to the user to choose the number of conductor stages that are favorable for him by corresponding purchase or purchase of hollow profile parts 33. Possibly. retrofits of already existing ladders are also possible.

Claims (6)

1. Ladder, in particular for swimming baths and swimming pools, comprising two lateral side rails and a plurality of ladder rungs, wherein at least a section of the side rail or side rails consists of individual profiled elements (37) which are detachably linked with respective adjoining profile elements (34) or end pieces (17, 20), whereby the ladder rungs are connected detachably to the lateral side rails by means of screw- or bolt-connections, whereby either rung front faces or side rail inner surfaces or interface elements (39, 40) that are inserted between said parts are provided to allow connections of the ladder rungs at predetermined angle intervals under different angle positions for individual provided side rail inclinations,
   characterised in that
   the screws (35) or bolts which serve for the attachment of two profile elements (33) or an end piece (17, 20) to a profile element (33) serve also for the attachment of the ladder rungs.
2. Ladder according to claim 1, characterised in that each profile element consists of a hollow profile and that each profile end is designed as a plug in connector for an adjoining profile elements or end pieces.
3. Ladder according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the profile elements (33) have different cross sections at their end which are designed for the insertion on one hand and for the lateral slip-over movement on the other hand.
4. Ladder according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that for the attachment of two profile elements (33) one to the other or of the profile element to an end piece (17, 20) bores (36) for the receipt of the screws (35) or bolts are provided.
5. Ladder according to claim 1, characterised in that for different angle positions of the rung (12) in relation to the side rail under different angle inclinations grooves and tongues are provided for the attachment.
6. Ladder according to claim 5, characterised by a ball socket with locking elements (41) for the attachment of the rung front faces to the side rail inner surfaces.

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