EP1309734B1 - Highly stable, steel and steel strips or steel sheets cold-formed, method for the production of steel strips and uses of said steel - Google Patents

Highly stable, steel and steel strips or steel sheets cold-formed, method for the production of steel strips and uses of said steel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1309734B1
EP1309734B1 EP02732754A EP02732754A EP1309734B1 EP 1309734 B1 EP1309734 B1 EP 1309734B1 EP 02732754 A EP02732754 A EP 02732754A EP 02732754 A EP02732754 A EP 02732754A EP 1309734 B1 EP1309734 B1 EP 1309734B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
strip
cold
producing
sheet
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EP02732754A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1309734A1 (en
EP1309734B2 (en
Inventor
Harald Hofmann
Bernhard Engl
Manfred Menne
Thomas Heller
Werner Zimmermann
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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ThyssenKrupp Steel AG
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Fe-Mn-A1-Si light steel with carbon and a steel strip or sheet with good cold workability and higher strength. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing strips of such a steel and particularly suitable uses of such a steel.
  • a used for the production of body parts and the low temperature use lightweight steel is from the DE 197 27 759 C2 known.
  • Fe contains 10% to 30% Mn, 1% to 8% A1 and 1 to 6% Si, the sum of the contents of Al and Si not exceeding 12%.
  • this known steel carbon is possibly contained in the impurity range.
  • carbon is provided as an optional alloying element.
  • the known lightweight steel has> 7% to 27% Mn,> 1% to 10% Al,> 0.7% to 4% Si, ⁇ 0.5% C, ⁇ 10% Cr, ⁇ 10% Ni and ⁇ 0, 3% Cu on. Further, in the steel, N, V, Nb, Ti, P may be contained, and the sum of these elements may not exceed 2%.
  • a comparable composite, high-strength and good cold-formable austenitic lightweight steel is in the DE 197 27 759 A1 described.
  • This steel contains (in% by weight) 9.5-12% (Al + Si), 10-30% Mn and the remainder essentially iron including common steel elements (C, P, S, O, N).
  • the Si content of this steel is 0.5-6% and its Al content 1-8% with a Mn content of 15-30%. Due to its particularly high tensile strength of up to 1100 MPa, this steel is particularly suitable for the production of body panels and stiffening structural components of automobile bodies.
  • known light steel contains carbon, namely 0.001 to 1.6%.
  • this steel has 6 - 30% Mn, ⁇ 6% A1, ⁇ 2.5% Si, ⁇ 10% Cr, ⁇ 10% Ni and ⁇ 5% Cu.
  • V, Ti, Nb, B, Zr and rare earths may be contained in the steel, the sum of their contents not exceeding 3%.
  • a method for producing gear parts by spin forming is known from DE 197 24 661 C2 known. According to this known method is made of a micro-alloyed high-strength structural steel, which has a lower yield strength of at least 500 N / mm 2 , formed from a sheet a blank. This blank is then cold formed by spin forming to the gearbox. In the course of forming the teeth, the sheet material is transformed to the limit of its forming capacity. Subsequently, a surface of the workpiece provided with the toothing is cured substantially free of thermal deformation while maintaining the temperature.
  • the object of the invention is to provide, starting from the above-mentioned prior art, a light steel or a steel strip or sheet produced therefrom with good ductility and good strength, which can also be produced easily even on an industrial scale.
  • a method for producing a steel strip or plate and preferred uses for the steel are to be specified.
  • the object is achieved on the one hand by a light steel having the following composition (in% by weight): C: ⁇ 1, 00% Mn: 7.00 - 30.00% al: 1,00 - 10.00% Si: > 2.50 - 8.00% Al + Si: > 3.50 - 12.00% B: 0.002 - ⁇ 0.01% as well as optional Ni: ⁇ 8.00% Cu: ⁇ 3.00% N: ⁇ 0.60% Nb: ⁇ 0.30% Ti: ⁇ 0.30% V: ⁇ 0.30% P: ⁇ 0.01% Remaining iron and unavoidable impurities.
  • the impurities are sulfur and oxygen. attributed.
  • the targeted addition of boron in steels according to the invention leads to a marked improvement in the properties and the manufacturability.
  • the content of boron contained in the steel according to the invention causes a reduction of the yield strength, whereby the deformability is significantly improved.
  • the favorable influences of the alloy on the mechanical and technological properties of steel according to the invention can be further supported by the fact that the carbon content is 0.10-1.00% by weight, that is to say if a minimum of 0.10% by weight of carbon is present in the Steel according to the invention is detectable.
  • steel according to the invention or a steel strip or sheet produced therefrom has a significantly lower ⁇ r value compared to the sheets known from the prior art for the type in question.
  • composite cold rolled steel strips and sheets according to the invention are distinguished by comparatively low yield strengths, improved ironing capability at elevated solidification exponents (n value), increased drawability (r value) and low planar anisotropy ( ⁇ r value), and an increased product of yield strength and elongation out.
  • the tensile strength of steel strips and sheets according to the invention is at least 680 MPa.
  • the product of tensile strength and elongation is at least 41,000 MPa.
  • the yield strength of steel sheets and strips according to the invention does not exceed 520 MPa.
  • steels according to the invention or sheets and strips produced therefrom have an extremely high degree of uniform expansion of from 20% to more than 45%. N values of up to 0.7 are achieved.
  • a particularly good kaltverformbares lightweight steel strip or sheet is obtained, which is particularly suitable for the production of components for automobile bodies due to its relatively high strength and low density.
  • the relatively low weight of the steel sheet according to the invention and the high strength at the same time have a positive effect.
  • steel sheets according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of non-magnetic components in the case of a purely austenitic microstructure.
  • the inventive maintain their strength even at very low temperatures. They are suitable as such, in particular for the production of components used in cryotechnology, such as containers or pipes for refrigeration.
  • the positive effects of boron in steel used according to the invention can be achieved particularly reliably if the boron content is 0.003 to 0.008% by weight.
  • the C content lying in the range of 0.1% to 1.0% ensures improved manufacturability of steel sheets and strips according to the invention.
  • the formation of intermetallic phases is suppressed due to the presence of carbon. Cracks and instabilities in the strip edge region, as they occur in the steel strips produced from the known steels, are thus significantly reduced, with increasing C content, the instabilities decrease to a particular extent. Further improvement in strip edge quality is achieved by the addition of boron. As a result, tape edge instabilities can be almost completely avoided by the combined addition of C and B.
  • inventively provided C and B contents open up a wide range of hot rolling parameters.
  • Steel strips and sheets according to the invention can preferably be produced by a method in which a starting material, such as slabs, thin slabs or strip, is cast from a steel according to the invention in the manner described above, in which the cast starting material is heated to ⁇ 1100 ° C or is used directly at such a temperature, in which the preheated starting material is hot rolled to hot strip at a minimum of 800 ° C hot rolling end temperature and in which the finish rolled hot strip is coiled at a 450 ° C to 700 ° C amounting reel temperature.
  • a starting material such as slabs, thin slabs or strip
  • the hot-rolled strip according to the invention at hot-end temperatures of at least 800 ° C. and coiled at low temperatures, the mentioned positive effect of the carbon and in particular of the boron is fully utilized.
  • Boron and carbon for example, produce higher tensile strength and yield strength values for tapes which have been hot-rolled in this area, while the elongation at break values are still acceptable.
  • the hot rolling end temperature increases, the tensile strength and yield strength decrease while the elongation values increase.
  • the desired properties of the resulting steel strip can be selectively and easily influenced. desired properties of the resulting steel strip targeted and easily influence.
  • hot strip is characterized by good performance characteristics. If thinner sheets or strips are to be produced, then the hot strip can be cold rolled after being rolled into cold strip, wherein the cold rolling is advantageously carried out with a cold rolling degree of 30% to 75%.
  • the resulting cold strip is then subjected to an annealing, the annealing temperatures should be between 600 ° C to 1100 ° C.
  • the annealing can be carried out in the hood in the temperature range of 600 ° C to 750 ° C or in the annealing furnace at temperatures of 750 ° C to 1100 ° C_.
  • steel according to the invention or steel strips and sheets produced therefrom consists in the production of cold-formed components by flow-forming.
  • blanks are produced from the steel, which are then formed by the spin forming finished. Due to its special property profile is suitable Steel according to the invention or sheet metal blanks produced therefrom in a special way for this purpose.
  • a purely austenitic structure or a structure consisting of a mixture of ferrite and austenite with proportions of martensite can be set in the steel according to the invention.
  • the steels according to the invention can therefore be shaped much better. In the course of cold working, they solidify much more strongly than the high-strength microalloyed or multiphase steels known for production by pressure-rolling.
  • component strengths in the range from 1400 N / mm 2 to 2200 N / mm 2 can be achieved.
  • An additional hardening of the components produced after the cold deformation can therefore be omitted. It also has a favorable effect, in particular in the production of toothed transmission components with respect to the intended use, that the steels used according to the invention for their production are reduced in density due to the high content of light elements, such as Si, Al.
  • the steel according to the invention enables the cost-effective production of lighter, heavy-duty and Dimensionally stable components by cold forming, in particular pressure rollers.
  • Table 1 the compositions of four steels A, B, C, D, E are indicated, of which the steels A, B and C correspond to the alloy provided according to the invention, while the steels D and E are comparative examples.
  • Table 1 stolen C Mn al Si B Fe, impurities A 0.5 15 3 3 0,003 rest B 0.5 20 3 3 0,003 rest C - 20 3 3 0,003 rest D - 14 3 3 - rest e - 19 3 3 - rest
  • the steels A to E of the respective compositions have been melted and cast into slabs. Subsequently, the slabs were preheated to a temperature of 1150 ° C. The preheated slabs are then hot rolled and then rewound.
  • the steel strips produced according to the invention from steels A to C have excellent cold workability. At a high strength and a high elongation at break they each have a pronounced isotropic deformation behavior (r ⁇ 1, ⁇ r ⁇ 0).
  • the steel strips according to the invention produced from the carbon-free, but boron-containing steel C according to the invention also have low yield strengths, increased fracture and uniformity elongations and an isotropic deformation behavior.
  • all variants of steel sheets according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of Body components, especially for the outer panels of an automobile body, of wheels for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, non-magnetic components, used in cryotechnology containers, high pressure or external high pressure deformed components, of pipes, in particular for the production of high-strength engine parts, such as camshafts or Piston rods, are intended to protect against impulsive loads, such as shelling, certain components or protective elements, such as armor plates, or body armor for the human or animal body.
  • high-strength transmission components can be produced from steel sheets according to the invention, which are distinguished by their low weight and good service properties, without the need for additional heat treatment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

A steel strip or sheet steel having good cold formability and high-strength is described, comprising a light steel having (in weight-percent) C: <=1.00%, Mn: 7.00-30.00%, Al: 1.00-10.00%, Si: >2.50-8.00%, Al+Si: >3.50-12.00%, B: >0.00-<0.01%, as well as alternately Ni: <8.00%, Cu: <3.00%, N: <0.60%, Nb: <0.30%, Ti: <0.30%, V: <0.30%, P: <0.01%, with the remainder iron and unavoidable impurities.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fe-Mn-A1-Si-Leichtstahl mit Kohlenstoff sowie ein Stahlband oder -blech mit guter Kaltumformbarkeit und höherer Festigkeit. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bändern aus einem solchen Stahl und besonders geeignete Verwendungen eines solchen Stahls.The invention relates to a Fe-Mn-A1-Si light steel with carbon and a steel strip or sheet with good cold workability and higher strength. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing strips of such a steel and particularly suitable uses of such a steel.

Ein für die Herstellung von Karosseriebauteilen und den Tieftemperatureinsatz verwendeter Leichtstahl ist aus der DE 197 27 759 C2 bekannt. Er enthält neben Fe 10 % bis 30 % Mn, 1 % bis 8 % A1 und 1 bis 6 % Si, wobei die Summe der Gehalte an Al und Si 12 % nicht überschreitet. In diesem bekannten Stahl ist Kohlenstoff allenfalls im Verunreinigungsbereich enthalten.A used for the production of body parts and the low temperature use lightweight steel is from the DE 197 27 759 C2 known. In addition to Fe it contains 10% to 30% Mn, 1% to 8% A1 and 1 to 6% Si, the sum of the contents of Al and Si not exceeding 12%. In this known steel carbon is possibly contained in the impurity range.

Beim aus der DE 199 00 199 A1 bekannten Leichtbaustahl ist dagegen Kohlenstoff als optionales Legierungselement vorgesehen. Der bekannte Leichtstahl weist > 7 % bis 27 % Mn, > 1 % bis 10 % Al, > 0,7 % bis 4 % Si, < 0,5 % C, < 10 % Cr, < 10 % Ni und < 0,3 % Cu auf. Des weiteren können in dem Stahl N, V, Nb, Ti, P enthalten sein, wobei die Summe dieser Elemente 2 % nicht überschreiten darf.When out of the DE 199 00 199 A1 on the other hand, carbon is provided as an optional alloying element. The known lightweight steel has> 7% to 27% Mn,> 1% to 10% Al,> 0.7% to 4% Si, <0.5% C, <10% Cr, <10% Ni and <0, 3% Cu on. Further, in the steel, N, V, Nb, Ti, P may be contained, and the sum of these elements may not exceed 2%.

Ein vergleichbar zusammengesetzter, hochfester und gut kaltumformbarer austenitischer Leichtbaustahl ist in der DE 197 27 759 A1 beschrieben. Dieser Stahl enthält (in Gew.-%) 9,5 - 12 % (Al+Si), 10 - 30 % Mn und als Rest im wesentlichen Eisen einschließlich üblicher Stahlbegleitelemente (C, P, S, O, N). Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung beträgt der Si-Gehalt dieses Stahls 0,5 - 6 % und sein Al-Gehalt 1 - 8 % bei einem Mn-Gehalt von 15 - 30 %. Aufgrund seiner besonders hohen zugfestigkeit von bis zu 1100 MPa ist dieser Stahl besonders geeignet für die Herstellung von Karosserieblechen und versteifenden Strukturbauteilen von Automobilkarosserien.A comparable composite, high-strength and good cold-formable austenitic lightweight steel is in the DE 197 27 759 A1 described. This steel contains (in% by weight) 9.5-12% (Al + Si), 10-30% Mn and the remainder essentially iron including common steel elements (C, P, S, O, N). According to a preferred embodiment, the Si content of this steel is 0.5-6% and its Al content 1-8% with a Mn content of 15-30%. Due to its particularly high tensile strength of up to 1100 MPa, this steel is particularly suitable for the production of body panels and stiffening structural components of automobile bodies.

Auch der aus der EP 1 067 203 A1 bekannte Leichtstahl enthält Kohlenstoff, und zwar 0,001 bis 1,6 %. Zudem weist dieser Stahl neben Fe 6 - 30 % Mn, ≤ 6 % A1, ≤ 2,5 % Si, ≤ 10 % Cr, ≤ 10 % Ni und ≤ 5% Cu auf. Zusätzlich können V, Ti, Nb, B, Zr und Seltene Erden in dem Stahl enthalten sein, wobei die Summe ihrer Gehalte 3 % nicht überschreitet. Ebenso kann der bekannte Stahl P, Sn, Sb, und As beinhalten, wobei die Summe der Gehalte dieser Elemente nicht größer als 0,2 % sein soll.Also from the EP 1 067 203 A1 known light steel contains carbon, namely 0.001 to 1.6%. In addition, in addition to Fe, this steel has 6 - 30% Mn, ≤6% A1, ≤2.5% Si, ≤10% Cr, ≤10% Ni and ≤5% Cu. In addition, V, Ti, Nb, B, Zr and rare earths may be contained in the steel, the sum of their contents not exceeding 3%. Likewise, the known steel P, Sn, Sb, and include As, wherein the sum of the contents of these elements should not be greater than 0.2%.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass sich derart zusammengesetzte Stähle trotz der Anwesenheit von Kohlenstoff nur unter Schwierigkeiten warm- und kaltwalzen lassen. So zeigen sich an den Bandkanten häufig Instabilitäten oder Risse, welche die großtechnische Herstellung von Bändern oder Blechen aus solchen Stählen in der Praxis schwierig machen. Des weiteren weisen diese Stähle ein sehr stark isotropes Verformungsverhalten auf, welches sich in einem hohen Δr-Wert äußert. Auch infolge der schlechten Verformbarkeit wird die Weiterverarbeitung der nach dem bekannten Verfahren erzeugten Stahlbleche erschwert.It has been found that, despite the presence of carbon, such composite steels can only be hot-rolled and cold-rolled with difficulty. Instabilities or cracks, which make the large-scale production of strips or sheets of such steels in practice difficult, often appear at the strip edges. Furthermore, these steels have a very strong isotropic deformation behavior, which manifests itself in a high Δr value. Also as a result of the bad Deformability, the further processing of the steel sheets produced by the known method is made more difficult.

Gut verformbare Stähle mit höheren Festigkeiten werden auch für die Fertigung von Bauteilen benötigt, die mit Verzahnungen oder vergleichbaren Formelementen versehen sind. Bei diesen Bauteilen handelt es sich typischerweise um mit Innen- oder Außenverzahnungen versehene Getriebeteile. Diese lassen sich kostengünstig und mit hoher Maßhaltigkeit durch Drückwalzen herstellen.Good ductile steels with higher strengths are also needed for the production of components that are provided with gears or similar form elements. These components are typically gear units provided with internal or external gears. These can be produced inexpensively and with high dimensional accuracy by spin forming.

Ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Getriebeteilen durch Drückwalzen ist aus der DE 197 24 661 C2 bekannt. Gemäß diesem bekannten Verfahren wird aus einem mikrolegierten hochfesten Baustahl, der eine untere Streckgrenze von mindestens 500 N/mm2 besitzt, aus einem Blech ein Rohling geformt. Dieser Rohling wird dann durch Drückwalzen zu dem Getriebe kaltverformt. Im Zuge des Einformens der Verzahnung wird das Blechmaterial bis an die Grenze seines Umformvermögens umgeformt. Anschließend wird eine Oberfläche des mit der Verzahnung versehenen Werkstücks im wesentlichen unter Beibehaltung der Temperatur wärmeverzugsfrei gehärtet.A method for producing gear parts by spin forming is known from DE 197 24 661 C2 known. According to this known method is made of a micro-alloyed high-strength structural steel, which has a lower yield strength of at least 500 N / mm 2 , formed from a sheet a blank. This blank is then cold formed by spin forming to the gearbox. In the course of forming the teeth, the sheet material is transformed to the limit of its forming capacity. Subsequently, a surface of the workpiece provided with the toothing is cured substantially free of thermal deformation while maintaining the temperature.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, ausgehend von dem voranstehend erläuterten Stand der Technik einenLeichtstahl bzw. ein daraus erzeugtes Stahlband- oder -blech mit guter Verformbarkeit und guter Festigkeit zu schaffen, der bzw. das sich auch im großtechnischen Maßstab einfach herstellen lässt. Darüber hinaus sollen ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stahlbandes oder - blechs sowie bevorzugte Verwendungen für den Stahl angegeben werden.The object of the invention is to provide, starting from the above-mentioned prior art, a light steel or a steel strip or sheet produced therefrom with good ductility and good strength, which can also be produced easily even on an industrial scale. In addition, a method for producing a steel strip or plate and preferred uses for the steel are to be specified.

Die Aufgabe wird zum einen durch einen Leichtstahl gelöst, der folgende Zusammensetzung aufweist (in Gewichts - %): C: ≤ 1, 00 % Mn: 7,00 - 30,00 % Al: 1,00 - 10,00 % Si: > 2,50 - 8,00 % Al + Si: > 3,50 - 12,00 % B: 0,002 - <0,01 % sowie wahlweise Ni: < 8,00 % Cu: < 3,00 % N: < 0,60 % Nb: < 0,30 % Ti: < 0,30 % V: < 0,30 % P: < 0,01 % Rest Eisen und unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen. Den Verunreinigungen werden dabei Schwefel und Sauerstoff. zugerechnet.The object is achieved on the one hand by a light steel having the following composition (in% by weight): C: ≤ 1, 00% Mn: 7.00 - 30.00% al: 1,00 - 10.00% Si: > 2.50 - 8.00% Al + Si: > 3.50 - 12.00% B: 0.002 - <0.01% as well as optional Ni: <8.00% Cu: <3.00% N: <0.60% Nb: <0.30% Ti: <0.30% V: <0.30% P: <0.01% Remaining iron and unavoidable impurities. The impurities are sulfur and oxygen. attributed.

Überraschend hat sich herausgestellt, dass die gezielte Zugabe von Bor bei erfindungsgemäßen Stählen zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Eigenschaften und der Herstellbarkeit führt. So bewirkt der im erfindungsgemäßen Stahl enthalte Gehalt an Bor eine Verminderung der Streckgrenze, wodurch die Verformbarkeit deutlich verbessert wird. Die günstigen Einflüsse der Legierung auf die mechanisch-technologischen Eigenschaften erfindungsgemäßen Stahls kann dadurch noch unterstützt werden, dass der Kohlenstoffgehalt 0,10 - 1,00 Gew.-% beträgt, wenn also ein Mindestmaß von 0,10 Gew.-% an Kohlenstoff im erfindungsgemäßen Stahl nachweisbar ist.Surprisingly, it has been found that the targeted addition of boron in steels according to the invention leads to a marked improvement in the properties and the manufacturability. Thus, the content of boron contained in the steel according to the invention causes a reduction of the yield strength, whereby the deformability is significantly improved. The favorable influences of the alloy on the mechanical and technological properties of steel according to the invention can be further supported by the fact that the carbon content is 0.10-1.00% by weight, that is to say if a minimum of 0.10% by weight of carbon is present in the Steel according to the invention is detectable.

Dabei hat die Anwesenheit dieser Elemente eine besonders gute Kombination von mechanischen und technologischen Eigenschaften zur Folge. So weist erfindungsgemäßer Stahl bzw. ein daraus erzeugtes Stahlband oder und -blech einen gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten, zur hier in Rede stehenden Gattung gehörenden Bleche einen deutlich niedrigeren Δr-Wert auf.The presence of these elements results in a particularly good combination of mechanical and technological properties. Thus, steel according to the invention or a steel strip or sheet produced therefrom has a significantly lower Δr value compared to the sheets known from the prior art for the type in question.

Zusätzlich zeichnen sich erfindungsgemäß zusammengesetzte kaltgewalzte Stahlbänder und -bleche durch vergleichbar niedrige Streckgrenzen, verbesserte Streckziehfähigkeit bei erhöhten Verfestigungsexponenten (n-Wert), erhöhter Tiefziehfähigkeit (r-Wert) und niedriger planarer Anisotropie (Δr-Wert) sowie ein erhöhtes Produkt aus Streckgrenze und Dehnung aus. So liegt die Zugfestigkeit erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbänder und -bleche mindestens bei 680 MPa. Das Produkt aus Zugfestigkeit und Dehnung beträgt mindestens 41000 MPa. Die Streckgrenze erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbleche und -bänder überschreitet 520 MPa nicht. Gleichzeitig besitzen erfindungsgemäße Stähle bzw. daraus erzeugte Bleche und Bänder eine außerordentlich hohe Gleichmaßdehnung von 20 % bis zu mehr als 45 %. Es werden n-Werte von bis zu 0,7 erreicht.In addition, composite cold rolled steel strips and sheets according to the invention are distinguished by comparatively low yield strengths, improved ironing capability at elevated solidification exponents (n value), increased drawability (r value) and low planar anisotropy (Δr value), and an increased product of yield strength and elongation out. Thus, the tensile strength of steel strips and sheets according to the invention is at least 680 MPa. The product of tensile strength and elongation is at least 41,000 MPa. The yield strength of steel sheets and strips according to the invention does not exceed 520 MPa. At the same time, steels according to the invention or sheets and strips produced therefrom have an extremely high degree of uniform expansion of from 20% to more than 45%. N values of up to 0.7 are achieved.

Im Ergebnis wird so ein besonders gut kaltverformbares Leichtstahlband oder -blech erhalten, das sich aufgrund seiner vergleichsweise hohen Festigkeit und geringen Dichte insbesondere für die Herstellung von Bauteilen für Automobilkarossen eignet. Ebenso macht das ausgezeichnete Verhältnis von Festigkeit und Gewicht ein erfindungsgemäß erzeugtes Stahlblech für die Herstellung von Rädern für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge, für die Herstellung von innenhochdruck- oder außenhochdruckverformten Bauteilen, für die Herstellung von hochfesten Motorteilen, wie Nockenwellen oder Kolbenstangen, für die Herstellung von für den Schutz gegen impulsförmig auftreffende Belastungen, wie Beschuss, bestimmten Bauelementen, wie Panzerblechen, sowie Schutzelemente geeignet, die zum Schutz von Personen insbesondere gegen Beschuss bestimmt sind. Insbesondere im Falle der letztgenannten Anwendung macht sich das vergleichsweise geringe Gewicht des erfindungsgemäßen Stahlblechs und die gleichzeitig hohe Festigkeit positiv bemerkbar.As a result, a particularly good kaltverformbares lightweight steel strip or sheet is obtained, which is particularly suitable for the production of components for automobile bodies due to its relatively high strength and low density. Likewise, the excellent strength and weight ratio of a steel sheet produced according to the invention for the production of wheels for vehicles, especially motor vehicles, for the production of high pressure or external high pressure deformed components, for the production of high-strength engine parts, such as camshafts or piston rods, for the production of for protection against impulsive loads, such as fire, certain components, such as armor plates, as well as protective elements, which are intended to protect persons especially against fire. In particular, in the case of the latter application makes the relatively low weight of the steel sheet according to the invention and the high strength at the same time have a positive effect.

Erfindungsgemäße Stahlbleche eignen sich bei rein austenitischer Gefügestruktur darüber hinaus in besonderer Weise zur Herstellung von nichtmagnetischen Bauelementen.In addition, steel sheets according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of non-magnetic components in the case of a purely austenitic microstructure.

Des weiteren hat sich gezeigt, dass die erfindungsgemäßen auch bei besonders niedrigen Temperaturen ihre Festigkeit beibehalten. Sie eignen sich als solche insbesondere zur Herstellung von in der Kryotechnik eingesetzte Bauelemente, wie Behälter oder Rohre für die Kältetechnik.Furthermore, it has been found that the inventive maintain their strength even at very low temperatures. They are suitable as such, in particular for the production of components used in cryotechnology, such as containers or pipes for refrigeration.

Besonders sicher erreichen lassen sich die positiven Wirkungen von Bor in erfindungsgemäß verwendetem Stahl, wenn der Borgehalt 0,003 bis 0,008 Gew.-% beträgt.The positive effects of boron in steel used according to the invention can be achieved particularly reliably if the boron content is 0.003 to 0.008% by weight.

Auch der im Bereich von 0,1 % bis 1,0 % liegende C-Gehalt gewährleistet eine verbesserte Herstellbarkeit erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbleche und -bänder. Bei erfindungsgemäßen Stählen ist aufgrund der Anwesenheit von Kohlenstoff die Bildung intermetallischer Phasen unterdrückt. Risse und Instabilitäten im Bandkantenbereich, wie sie bei den aus den bekannten Stählen erzeugten Stahlbändern entstehen, werden so erheblich reduziert, wobei mit zunehmendem C-Gehalt die Instabilitäten in besonderem Maße abnehmen. Ein weitere Verbesserung der Bandkantenqualität wird durch die Zugabe von Bor erzielt. Im Ergebnis können durch die kombinierte Zugabe von C und B Bandkanteninstabilitäten nahezu vollständig vermieden werden.Also, the C content lying in the range of 0.1% to 1.0% ensures improved manufacturability of steel sheets and strips according to the invention. In steels according to the invention, the formation of intermetallic phases is suppressed due to the presence of carbon. Cracks and instabilities in the strip edge region, as they occur in the steel strips produced from the known steels, are thus significantly reduced, with increasing C content, the instabilities decrease to a particular extent. Further improvement in strip edge quality is achieved by the addition of boron. As a result, tape edge instabilities can be almost completely avoided by the combined addition of C and B.

Zugabe von C und B Bandkanteninstabilitäten nahezu vollständig vermieden werden.Addition of C and B tape edge instabilities can be almost completely avoided.

Bor substituiert in seiner Wirkung auf die mechanisch-technologischen Eigenschaften das Legierungelement Mn. So ist festgestellt worden, dass ein Stahl mit 20 % Mn und 0,003 % Bor ein ähnliches Eigenschaftsprofil aufweist wie ein Stahl, der 25 % Mn, jedoch kein B enthält. Daher können erfindungsgemäße Leichtbaustähle relativ niedrige Mn-Gehalte bei dennoch vergleichsweise hohen Festigkeiten besitzen. Dies führt zu verminderten Legierungsmittelkosten und erleichtert die schmelzmetallurgische Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Leichtstahls.Boron substituted in its effect on the mechanical and technological properties of the alloy element Mn. Thus, it has been found that a 20% Mn and 0.003% boron steel has a similar property profile to a steel containing 25% Mn but no B. As a result, lightweight structural steels according to the invention can have relatively low Mn contents but nevertheless comparatively high strengths. This leads to reduced alloying agent costs and facilitates the production of a metallurgical melt produced by a light steel used in accordance with the invention.

Zusätzlich eröffnen die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen C- und B-Gehalte ein weites Spektrum der Warmwalzparameter. So ist festgestellt worden, dass die bei Wahl hoher Warmwalzendtemperaturen und Haspeltemperaturen erhaltenen Kennwerte erfindungsgemäßer Stähle im wesentlichen gleich denen sind, die bei niedrigen Warmwalzendtemperaturen und Haspeltemperaturen erhalten werden. Auch diese Unempfindlichkeit bei der Warmbandherstellung begünstigt die einfache Herstellbarkeit erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbleche.In addition, the inventively provided C and B contents open up a wide range of hot rolling parameters. Thus, it has been found that the characteristics of steels of the present invention obtained by selecting high hot rolling end temperatures and coiler temperatures are substantially the same as those obtained at low hot rolling end temperatures and coiler temperatures. Also, this insensitivity in hot strip production favors the ease of manufacture of steel sheets according to the invention.

Aufgrund des auf Gehalte oberhalb von 2,50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt oberhalb von 2,70 Gew.-%, beschränkten Si-Gehaltsweisen erfindungsgemäße Stahlbänder und -bleche eine gegenüber solchen Leichtstahlbändern oder -blechen, die geringe Si-Gehalte besitzen, verbesserte Kaltwalzbarkeit auf. Die hohe Zugabe von Si drückt sich in gleichmäßigeren Streckgrenzen- und sowie zu einer isotropen Ausbildung der mechanischen Eigenschaften. Die Obergrenze der aus Al- und Si-Gehalten gebildeten Summe liegt bei 12 %, da eine über diese Grenze hinausgehende Summe der Al- und Si-Gehalte die Gefahr einer Versprödung mit sich bringen würde.Due to the Si contents limited to contents above 2.50% by weight, preferably above 2.70% by weight, steel strips and sheets according to the invention have improved compared to such lightweight steel strips or sheets which have low Si contents Cold rolling on. The high addition of Si is expressed in more uniform yield strengths and and to an isotropic design of the mechanical properties. The upper limit of the sum formed from Al and Si contents is 12%, since a sum of the Al and Si contents beyond this limit would entail the risk of embrittlement.

Erfindungsgemäße Stahlbänder und -bleche lassen sich bevorzugt durch ein Verfahren herstellen, bei dem ein Vormaterial, wie Brammen, Dünnbrammen oder Band, aus einem erfindungsgemäß in der voranstehend erläuterten Weise zusammmengesetzten Stahl gegossen wird, bei dem das gegossene Vormaterial auf ≥ 1100 °C erwärmt oder mit einer solchen Temperatur direkt eingesetzt wird, bei dem das vorgewärmte Vormaterial zu Warmband bei einer mindestens 800 °C betragenden Warmwalzendtemperatur warmgewalzt wird und bei dem das fertiggewalzte Warmband bei einer 450 °C bis 700 °C betragenden Haspeltemperatur gehaspelt wird.Steel strips and sheets according to the invention can preferably be produced by a method in which a starting material, such as slabs, thin slabs or strip, is cast from a steel according to the invention in the manner described above, in which the cast starting material is heated to ≥ 1100 ° C or is used directly at such a temperature, in which the preheated starting material is hot rolled to hot strip at a minimum of 800 ° C hot rolling end temperature and in which the finish rolled hot strip is coiled at a 450 ° C to 700 ° C amounting reel temperature.

Indem das Warmband erfindungsgemäß bei mindestens 800 °C liegenden Warmwalzendtemperaturen warmgewalzt und bei niedrigen Temperaturen gehaspelt wird, wird die erwähnte positive Wirkung des Kohlenstoffs und insbesondere des Bors im vollen Umfang genutzt. So bewirken Bor und Kohlenstoff bei in diesem Bereich warmgewalzten Bändern höhere Zugfestigkeits- und Streckgrenzen-Werte bei nach wie vor akzeptablen Bruchdehnungswerten. Mit zunehmender Warmwalzendtemperatur nehmen Zugfestigkeit und Streckgrenze ab, während die Dehnungswerte ansteigen. Durch Variation der Walzendtemperaturen im durch die Erfindung vorgegebenen Rahmen lassen sich so die gewünschten Eigenschaften des erhaltenen Stahlbandes gezielt und auf einfache Weise beeinflussen. gewünschten Eigenschaften des erhaltenen Stahlbandes gezielt und auf einfache Weise beeinflussen.By hot-rolled the hot-rolled strip according to the invention at hot-end temperatures of at least 800 ° C. and coiled at low temperatures, the mentioned positive effect of the carbon and in particular of the boron is fully utilized. Boron and carbon, for example, produce higher tensile strength and yield strength values for tapes which have been hot-rolled in this area, while the elongation at break values are still acceptable. As the hot rolling end temperature increases, the tensile strength and yield strength decrease while the elongation values increase. By varying the rolling end temperatures in the frame specified by the invention, the desired properties of the resulting steel strip can be selectively and easily influenced. desired properties of the resulting steel strip targeted and easily influence.

Durch die Beschränkung der Haspeltemperatur auf Werte von maximal 700 °C wird eine Werkstoffversprödung sicher vermieden. Es ist festgestellt worden, dass es bei höheren Haspeltemperaturen zur Bildung von Sprödphasen kommt, welche beispielsweise Materialabplatzungen nach sich ziehen können und als solche die Weiterverarbeitung erschweren oder sogar unmöglich machen.By limiting the reel temperature to a maximum of 700 ° C, material embrittlement is reliably avoided. It has been found that at higher reeling temperatures, the formation of brittle phases occurs, which may, for example, cause material spalling and, as such, make further processing difficult or even impossible.

Schon erfindungsgemäß erzeugtes Warmband zeichnet sich durch gute Gebrauchseigenschaften aus. Sollen dünnere Bleche oder Bänder erzeugt werden, so kann das Warmband nach dem Haspeln zu Kaltband kaltgewalzt werden, wobei das Kaltwalzen vorteilhafterweise mit einem Kaltwalzgrad von 30 % bis 75 % durchgeführt wird. Vorzugsweise wird das erhaltene Kaltband anschließend einer Glühung unterzogen, wobei die Glühtemperaturen zwischen 600 °C bis 1100 °C liegen sollten. Die Glühung kann dabei in der Haube im Temperaturbereich von 600 °C bis 750 °C oder im Durchlauf im Glühofen bei Temperaturen von 750 °C bis 1100 °C_durchgeführt werden. Schließlich ist es im Hinblick auf die Kaltverformbarkeit und der Oberflächenausbildung günstig, das Kaltband abschließend zu dressieren.Already produced according to the invention hot strip is characterized by good performance characteristics. If thinner sheets or strips are to be produced, then the hot strip can be cold rolled after being rolled into cold strip, wherein the cold rolling is advantageously carried out with a cold rolling degree of 30% to 75%. Preferably, the resulting cold strip is then subjected to an annealing, the annealing temperatures should be between 600 ° C to 1100 ° C. The annealing can be carried out in the hood in the temperature range of 600 ° C to 750 ° C or in the annealing furnace at temperatures of 750 ° C to 1100 ° C_. Finally, it is favorable in view of the cold workability and the surface formation to train the cold strip finally.

Eine weitere besonders vorteilhafte Verwendung erfindungsgemäßen Stahls bzw. daraus hergestellter Stahlbänder und -bleche besteht in der Herstellung von kaltverformten Bauteilen durch Drückwalzen. Dazu werden aus dem Stahl Rohlinge hergestellt, die dann durch das Drückwalzen fertig geformt werden. Aufgrund seines besonderen Eigenschaftsprofils eignet sich erfindungsgemäßer Stahl bzw. daraus hergestellte Blechrohlinge in besonderer Weise für diesen Zweck.Another particularly advantageous use of steel according to the invention or steel strips and sheets produced therefrom consists in the production of cold-formed components by flow-forming. For this purpose, blanks are produced from the steel, which are then formed by the spin forming finished. Due to its special property profile is suitable Steel according to the invention or sheet metal blanks produced therefrom in a special way for this purpose.

Abhängig von der Zusammensetzung lässt sich in erfindungsgemäßem Stahl eine rein austenitische oder eine aus einer Mischung von Ferrit und Austenit mit Anteilen von Martensit bestehende Gefügestruktur einstellen. Die erfindungsgemäßen Stähle lassen sich daher wesentlich besser umformen. Im Zuge der Kaltumformung verfestigen sie deutlich stärker als die bekanntermaßen für die Herstellung durch Drückwalzen eingesetzten hochfesten mikrolegierten oder Mehrphasen-Stähle. So lassen sich je nach Kaltverformung Bauteilfestigkeiten im Bereich von 1400 N/mm2 bis 2200 N/mm2 erzielen. Eine zusätzliche Härtung der erzeugten Bauteile nach der Kaltverformung kann daher entfallen. Auch wirkt es sich insbesondere bei der Herstellung von verzahnten Getriebebauteilen in Bezug auf den Einsatzzweck günstig aus, dass die erfindungsgemäß zu ihrer Herstellung verwendeten Stähle aufgrund des hohen Gehaltes an leichten Elementen, wie Si, Al, dichtereduziert sind.Depending on the composition, a purely austenitic structure or a structure consisting of a mixture of ferrite and austenite with proportions of martensite can be set in the steel according to the invention. The steels according to the invention can therefore be shaped much better. In the course of cold working, they solidify much more strongly than the high-strength microalloyed or multiphase steels known for production by pressure-rolling. Depending on the cold deformation, component strengths in the range from 1400 N / mm 2 to 2200 N / mm 2 can be achieved. An additional hardening of the components produced after the cold deformation can therefore be omitted. It also has a favorable effect, in particular in the production of toothed transmission components with respect to the intended use, that the steels used according to the invention for their production are reduced in density due to the high content of light elements, such as Si, Al.

Bei Verwendung eines-erfindungsgemäß zusammengesetzten und beschaffenen Stahls kann somit auf eine Wärmebehandlung oder ein Oberflächenhärten des drückgewalzten Bauteils verzichtet werden. Die durch diese zusätzlichen Behandlungsschritte beim Stand der Technik verursachte Gefahr von Verzug und Verzunderung besteht daher bei Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Stahles zur Herstellung von verzahnten, im Einsatz lokal starker Beanspruchung unterworfenen Bauelementen nicht mehr. So ermöglicht der erfindungsgemäße Stahl die kostengünstige Herstellung leichter, hochbelastbarer und maßhaltiger Bauelemente durch Kaltverformung, insbesondere Drückwalzen.When using a composite according to the invention and procured steel thus can be dispensed with a heat treatment or a surface hardening of the spin-rolled component. The danger of distortion and scaling caused by these additional treatment steps in the prior art therefore no longer exists when using a steel according to the invention for the production of toothed components subjected to locally strong stress. Thus, the steel according to the invention enables the cost-effective production of lighter, heavy-duty and Dimensionally stable components by cold forming, in particular pressure rollers.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungs- und Vergleichsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments and comparative examples.

In Tabelle 1 sind die Zusammensetzungen von vier Stählen A,B,C,D,E angegeben, von denen die Stähle A,B und C der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Legierung entsprechen, während es sich bei den Stählen D und E um Vergleichsbeispiele handelt. Tabelle 1 Stahl C Mn Al Si B Fe, Verunreinigungen A 0,5 15 3 3 0,003 Rest B 0,5 20 3 3 0,003 Rest C - 20 3 3 0,003 Rest D - 14 3 3 - Rest E - 19 3 3 - Rest In Table 1, the compositions of four steels A, B, C, D, E are indicated, of which the steels A, B and C correspond to the alloy provided according to the invention, while the steels D and E are comparative examples. Table 1 stole C Mn al Si B Fe, impurities A 0.5 15 3 3 0,003 rest B 0.5 20 3 3 0,003 rest C - 20 3 3 0,003 rest D - 14 3 3 - rest e - 19 3 3 - rest

Die Stähle A bis E der betreffenden Zusammensetzungen sind erschmolzen und zu Brammen vergossen worden. Anschließend sind die Brammen auf eine Temperatur von 1150 °C vorgewärmt worden. Die vorgewärmten Brammen sind dann warmgewalzt und anschließend gehaspelt worden.The steels A to E of the respective compositions have been melted and cast into slabs. Subsequently, the slabs were preheated to a temperature of 1150 ° C. The preheated slabs are then hot rolled and then rewound.

Die jeweiligen Warmwalzendtemperaturen ET und Haspeltemperaturen HT sowie die jeweiligen Eigenschaften Zugfestigkeit Rm, Streckgrenze Re, A50-Dehnung, Gleichmaßdehnung Agl und n-Wert der erhaltenen Warmbänder sind in Tabelle 2 angegeben. Tabelle 2 Stahl ET HT Re Rm A50 Agl n [°C] [°C] [N/mm2] [N/mm2] [%] [%] A 960 500 486 792 42 38 0,31 B 930 500 509 825 46 42 0,32 C 920 500 496 818 31 27 - D 820 500 610 920 26 - - E 840 500 430 700 30 - - The respective hot rolling end temperatures ET and coiling temperatures HT and the respective properties tensile strength R m , yield strength R e , A 50 elongation, uniform elongation A gl and n value of the hot strips obtained are given in Table 2. Table 2 stole ET HT re rm A 50 A gl n [° C] [° C] [N / mm 2 ] [N / mm 2 ] [%] [%] A 960 500 486 792 42 38 0.31 B 930 500 509 825 46 42 0.32 C 920 500 496 818 31 27 - D 820 500 610 920 26 - - e 840 500 430 700 30 - -

Bis auf das aus dem nicht erfindungsgemäßen Stahl D hergestellte Band, welches sich nicht kaltwalzen ließ, sind die erhaltenen Warmbänder anschließend mit einem Verformungsgrand von ca. 65 % kaltgewalzt und bei 950 °C im Durchlauf geglüht Die mechanischen Eigenschaften der so erhaltenen kaltgewalzten Stahlbleche sind in Tabelle 3 eingetragen. Tabelle 3 Stahl Re Rm A50 Agl n r Δr [N/mm2] [N/mm2] [%] [%] A 408 775 64 64 0,33 1,02 -0,1 B 411 785 61,1 61,1 0,33 1,0 -0,06 C 284 714 58 56,8 0,39 1,05 -0,17 D Nicht kaltwalzbar E 382 744 52,5 50,3 0,32 0,82 -0,25 Except for the non-inventive steel D produced band, which could not be cold-rolled, the resulting hot strips are then cold-rolled with a deformation rate of about 65% and annealed at 950 ° C in a continuous The mechanical properties of the thus obtained cold-rolled steel sheets are in Table 3 entered. Table 3 stole re rm A 50 A gl n r .delta..sub.R [N / mm 2 ] [N / mm 2 ] [%] [%] A 408 775 64 64 0.33 1.02 -0.1 B 411 785 61.1 61.1 0.33 1.0 -0.06 C 284 714 58 56.8 0.39 1.05 -0.17 D Not cold-rollable e 382 744 52.5 50.3 0.32 0.82 -0.25

Es zeigt sich, dass die aus den Stählen A bis C erfindungsgemäß erzeugten Stahlbänder eine hervorragende Kaltverformbarkeit besitzen. Dabei weisen sie bei einer hohen Festigkeit und einer hohen Bruchdehnung jeweils ein ausgeprägt isotropes Verformungsverhalten (r ~ 1, Δr ~ 0) auf. Auch die aus dem kohlenstofffreien, jedoch Bor enthaltenden erfindungsgemäßen Stahl C erzeugten Stahlbänder weisen niedrige Streckgrenzen, erhöhte Bruch- und Gleichmaßdehnungen sowie ein isotropes Umformverhalten auf.It turns out that the steel strips produced according to the invention from steels A to C have excellent cold workability. At a high strength and a high elongation at break they each have a pronounced isotropic deformation behavior (r ~ 1, Δr ~ 0). The steel strips according to the invention produced from the carbon-free, but boron-containing steel C according to the invention also have low yield strengths, increased fracture and uniformity elongations and an isotropic deformation behavior.

Somit eignen sich alle Varianten erfindungsgemäßer Stahlbleche in besonderer Weise für die Herstellung von Karosseriebauteilen, speziell für die Außenbleche einer Automobilkarosserie, von Rädern für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge, von nichtmagnetischen Bauelementen, von in der Kryotechnik eingesetzte Behältern, von innenhochdruck- oder außenhochdruckverformten Bauteilen, von Rohren, die insbesondere für die Herstellung von hochfesten Motorteilen, wie Nockenwellen oder Kolbenstangen, bestimmt sind, von für den Schutz gegen impulsförmig auftreffende Belastungen, wie Beschuss, bestimmten Bauelementen oder Schutzelementen, wie Panzerblechen, oder Körperpanzerungen für den menschlichen oder tierischen Körper. Ebenso lassen sich aus erfindungsgemäßen Stahlblechen hochbelastbare Getriebebauteile herstellen, die sich durch ein geringes Gewicht und gute Gebrauchseigenschaften auszeichnen, ohne dass es dazu einer zusätzlichen Wärmebehandlung bedarf.Thus, all variants of steel sheets according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of Body components, especially for the outer panels of an automobile body, of wheels for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, non-magnetic components, used in cryotechnology containers, high pressure or external high pressure deformed components, of pipes, in particular for the production of high-strength engine parts, such as camshafts or Piston rods, are intended to protect against impulsive loads, such as shelling, certain components or protective elements, such as armor plates, or body armor for the human or animal body. Likewise, high-strength transmission components can be produced from steel sheets according to the invention, which are distinguished by their low weight and good service properties, without the need for additional heat treatment.

Claims (30)

  1. A light steel, having good cold formability and high strength, with the following composition (in weight-percent) : C: ≤ 1.00 % Mn: 7.00 - 30.00 % Al: 1.00 - 10.00 % Si: > 2.50 - 8.00 % Al + Si: > 3.50 - 12.00 % B: 0.002 - < 0.01 %
    as well as alternatively Ni: < 8.00 % Cu: < 3.00 % N: < 0.60 % Nb: < 0.30 % Ti: < 0.30 % V: < 0.30 % P: < 0.01 %,
    with the remainder iron and unavoidable impurities.
  2. The light steel according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the carbon content is 0.10 - 1.00 weight-percent.
  3. The light steel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Si content is > 2.70 weight-percent.
  4. The light steel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the boron content is 0.003 to 0.008 weight-percent.
  5. A steel strip or sheet steel produced from a steel having a composition according to one of Claims 1 to 4.
  6. The steel strip or sheet steel according to Claim 5, characterized in that its tensile strength is at least 680 MPa.
  7. The steel strip or sheet steel according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the product of its tensile strength and its elongation is at least 41,000 MPa.
  8. The steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that its yield point is up to 520 MPa.
  9. A method for producing a cold formable, high-strength steel strip or sheet steel, wherein
    - a primary material, such as slabs, thin slabs, or strip, is cast from a steel having a composition according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
    - the cast primary material is heated to ≥ 1,100°C or used directly at such a temperature,
    - the preheated primary material is hot rolled to hot strip at a hot rolling final temperature of at least 800°C, and
    - the finish-rolled hot strip is coiled at a coiler temperature of 450°C to 700°C.
  10. The method according to Claim 9,
    characterized in that the hot strip is cold rolled to cold strip after the coiling.
  11. The method according to Claim 10,
    characterized in that the cold strip is subjected to annealing at an annealing temperature of 600°C to 1,100°C.
  12. The method according to Claim 11,
    characterized in that the annealing is performed as hood annealing at an annealing temperature from 600°C to 750°C.
  13. The method according to Claim 11,
    characterized in that the annealing is performed as continuous annealing at an annealing temperature of 750°C to 1,100 °C.
  14. The method according to one of Claims 10 to 13,
    characterized in that the cold strip is dressed.
  15. The method according to one of Claims 9 to 14,
    characterized in that the cold rolling is performed at a cold rolling reduction of 30 % to 75%.
  16. The method according to one of Claims 9 to 15,
    characterized in that blanks, which are subsequently cold formed into finished components, are produced from the respective hot or cold strip obtained.
  17. The method according to Claim 16,
    characterized in that the cold forming is performed as flow forming.
  18. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing supporting vehicle body components.
  19. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing externally visible parts of vehicle bodies.
  20. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing wheels for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles.
  21. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing nonmagnetic components.
  22. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing components used in cryoengineering.
  23. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing internally or externally hydroformed components.
  24. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 7 for producing tubes, which are particularly intended for the production of high-strength engine parts, such as camshafts or piston rods.
  25. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing components, such as armor plates, intended for protection against pulsed stresses, such as bombardment.
  26. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing protection components, such as helmets and body armor, intended for protection of persons against pulsed stresses, such as bombardment.
  27. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing components through flow forming.
  28. A use of a steel or a steel strip or sheet steel according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for producing gear parts.
  29. The use according to Claim 28,
    characterized in that the gear parts are provided with teeth.
  30. The use according to Claim 28 or 29,
    characterized in that the gear parts are produced through flow forming.
EP02732754A 2001-06-13 2002-06-13 Highly stable, steel and steel strips or steel sheets cold-formed, method for the production of steel strips and uses of said steel Expired - Lifetime EP1309734B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10128544A DE10128544C2 (en) 2001-06-13 2001-06-13 High-strength, cold-workable sheet steel, process for its production and use of such a sheet
DE10128544 2001-06-13
PCT/EP2002/006480 WO2002101109A1 (en) 2001-06-13 2002-06-13 Highly stable, steel and steel strips or steel sheets cold-formed, method for the production of steel strips and uses of said steel

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1309734A1 EP1309734A1 (en) 2003-05-14
EP1309734B1 true EP1309734B1 (en) 2007-08-15
EP1309734B2 EP1309734B2 (en) 2012-06-20

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Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20030145911A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1309734B2 (en)
JP (1) JP4227010B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100536645B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1215188C (en)
AT (1) ATE370258T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2414138C (en)
DE (2) DE10128544C2 (en)
DK (1) DK1309734T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2292762T5 (en)
PT (1) PT1309734E (en)
WO (1) WO2002101109A1 (en)

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EP1309734A1 (en) 2003-05-14
DE10128544C2 (en) 2003-06-05
ES2292762T5 (en) 2012-10-29
EP1309734B2 (en) 2012-06-20
DK1309734T3 (en) 2007-12-27
WO2002101109A1 (en) 2002-12-19
PT1309734E (en) 2007-11-28
ES2292762T3 (en) 2008-03-16
KR20030019908A (en) 2003-03-07
KR100536645B1 (en) 2005-12-14
CA2414138A1 (en) 2002-12-02
US20030145911A1 (en) 2003-08-07
CA2414138C (en) 2012-12-11
ATE370258T1 (en) 2007-09-15
CN1463297A (en) 2003-12-24
JP4227010B2 (en) 2009-02-18
JP2004521192A (en) 2004-07-15
CN1215188C (en) 2005-08-17
DE10128544A1 (en) 2003-01-02
DE50210689D1 (en) 2007-09-27

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