EP1304414B1 - Schiffstoppanlage mit vorgespanntem Seil und Seilvorspannvorrichtungen - Google Patents

Schiffstoppanlage mit vorgespanntem Seil und Seilvorspannvorrichtungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1304414B1
EP1304414B1 EP02292325A EP02292325A EP1304414B1 EP 1304414 B1 EP1304414 B1 EP 1304414B1 EP 02292325 A EP02292325 A EP 02292325A EP 02292325 A EP02292325 A EP 02292325A EP 1304414 B1 EP1304414 B1 EP 1304414B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
stopping
breaking
installation
pretensioning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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EP02292325A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1304414A1 (de
Inventor
Joel Le Bouguenec
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Entreprises Morillon Corvol Courbot SA
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Entreprises Morillon Corvol Courbot SA
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Publication date
Priority claimed from FR0113409A external-priority patent/FR2831192B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR0206777A external-priority patent/FR2840333B1/fr
Application filed by Entreprises Morillon Corvol Courbot SA filed Critical Entreprises Morillon Corvol Courbot SA
Publication of EP1304414A1 publication Critical patent/EP1304414A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/04—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/50—Slowing-down means not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02C—SHIP-LIFTING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS
    • E02C1/00—Locks or dry-docks; Shaft locks, i.e. locks of which one front side is formed by a solid wall with an opening in the lower part through which the ships pass
    • E02C1/10—Equipment for use in connection with the navigation of ships in locks; Mooring equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B2021/003—Mooring or anchoring equipment, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2021/005—Resilient passive elements to be placed in line with mooring or towing chains, or line connections, e.g. dampers or springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2231/00—Material used for some parts or elements, or for particular purposes
    • B63B2231/40—Synthetic materials
    • B63B2231/42—Elastomeric materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to security installations of the type comprising a security cable arranged across a waterway so as to ensure the stopping of boats, including barges, barges, barges, convoys etc .., before those They do not collide with engineering structures, such as dams, bridges, wharves, port facilities, etc. located downstream.
  • the invention is also applicable to the production of pre-tensioning devices for cables intended for such boat safety installations.
  • the stop cable is made of steel and the anchoring means consist of a concrete dead body securely connected to the floating trunk by a mother chain and a set of anchors and chains attached to the dead body, the rupture of the connection assemblies following the impact or the shock with the boat releasing the end boxes of the cable so as to drag to the bottom body dead, chains and anchors to absorb the kinetic energy of the boat and stop it.
  • each end of the cable is attached to a piston moving inside a horizontal cylinder against a hydraulic pressure, the braking force being determined by the section of the liquid flow orifices out of the chamber pressurized by pulling the cable.
  • Each brake is carried by a carriage moving vertically, via a roller in contact with a raceway, in a guide formed by a recess provided in the masonry wall located just upstream of each side of a lock gate to protect.
  • the pebbles of rolling bearings are mounted on the carriages by means of elastic means of short-travel torsion, in this case torsion bars, to allow the carriages to bear directly on the raceways of the rollers under the effect of significant efforts from the cable.
  • elastic means of short-travel torsion in this case torsion bars
  • torsion bars equipping the carriages have the main function clutch and disengagement trolleys on the raceways. These torsion bars have a maximum deflection too low (of the order of a few centimeters) to allow their use in a "floating" cable installation (where an elongation of at least one meter is required).
  • US Pat. No. 3,570,441 describes with reference to FIG. 4 a device intended to be used at one end of a ship trailer to absorb the loads caused by jolts and to damp the vibratory waves on the line of trailer. More particularly, the trailer line 28 is connected to the bow of a ship at two distinct points by a double link comprising a guided flexible cable 26 attached to the piston of a hydropneumatic cylinder 23 pivotally mounted in the bow of the ship. one part and by a non-extensible sling rope 27 hooked during bow head 57.
  • GB-A-1,039,749 discloses a ship mooring device on a petroleum loading and unloading buoy, the device having an extensible elastic linkage attached between two points of a cable, or a non-extensible chain equipped with floats and having in the unloaded state a length significantly greater than that of the elastic connection.
  • the presence of floats relieves the weight effect of the chain and allows the ship to stay away from the buoy in the absence of wind and current.
  • the elastic connection acts as a shock absorber until a certain elongation from which the chain takes all the effort of mooring the ship.
  • connection and pre-tensioning assembly for installation for stopping boats according to claim 1, an installation for stopping boats with flexible stopping cable arranged across all or part of a waterway according to claim 11 and a stopping cable for a boat stopping installation in combination with its connecting assemblies according to claim 18.
  • the installation for stopping boats is advantageous in that the stop cable is mainly made of synthetic material of very high tensile strength and in that the cable is pretensioned by at least one elastic assembly at a voltage much lower than the value corresponding to the breaking of the connection assemblies.
  • the stop cable is made of aramid and is optionally covered with a polyester sheath.
  • the choice of the aramid for the cable is all the more interesting that beside a specific tensile strength (about 300 MPa with a longitudinal Young's modulus between 70 and 130 GPa) this fiber has a relatively low density (1.450 kg / m3).
  • each elastic traction assembly consists of one or more bundles of elastomeric elongated strands wrapped in a protective polyester sheath.
  • the elastic traction assembly preferably with high axial elongation (for example greater than 100% in relative and / or greater than 1 meter in absolute), is integrated and / or secured to one of said weaker link sets.
  • each connection assembly comprises two moorings arranged in a V with respect to the trunk, said elastic traction assembly being associated with at least one of the two moorings to give a variable geometry to the V-link assemblies. and elastic deformation when mooring the chests.
  • one of the two moorings V of the trunk incorporates or integrates said elastic traction assembly (also called hereinafter tensioner).
  • tensioner also called hereinafter tensioner
  • the first embodiment is said integrated tensioner.
  • the branches of the V formed by the two moorings of the trunk are interconnected by said elastic tension assembly (or tensioner).
  • this second embodiment is called a transverse tensioner.
  • the two embodiments of the invention give good results with cables of great length (50 to 100 meters)
  • the so-called integrated tensioner embodiment in addition to its great simplicity of manufacture and adjustment, makes it possible to use , with pre-tensioning of the equivalent cable, lower elongation tensioners (with less risk of damage due to excessive elongation) than that required for tensioners used in transverse tensioner installations.
  • integrated tensioner installations are preferred over transverse tensioner installations for long cable runs (80 to 100 meters and beyond 100 meters).
  • the other mooring of each set of connection comprises a portion of high strength and a portion of least resistance provided with a set of rupture whose value VRmax breakage is maximum (ie greater than or equal to any other value of a breaking assembly incorporated in the installation).
  • the traction tether comprises an auxiliary rupture assembly adapted to protect the elastic traction assembly and calibrated to a value VP less than VRmax and the maximum load value of the tensioner before deterioration or destruction.
  • the fixed point of retention of each pulling line is disposed downstream of the fixed point of retention of the corresponding holding line.
  • This arrangement is particularly effective in keeping the stop cable at a good height above the water despite changes in the water levels of the waterway and the elimination, or at least the significant reduction, of the waterway.
  • cable festooning Variations in the length adjustment of the cable following the limited movements of the boxes held by the upstream mooring lines being compensated or compensated by the variations in the elongation of the tensioners integrated downstream mooring lines and the maintenance of the pretension of the cable.
  • each mooring line comprises a portion of high strength and a portion of least resistance provided with a rupture assembly, the connecting elements between the portions of the mooring lines also serving as attachment points. for said elastic traction assembly.
  • the portions of least resistance are each equipped with a mechanical tensioner for adjusting the length of the mooring lines.
  • the high strength portions are intended to be fixed to said lateral fixed retention points and the portions of least resistance are intended to be fixed to two points of attachment on the corresponding trunk. away from a distance substantially equal to the initial adjustment length of the elastic traction assembly.
  • the invention also relates to pre-tensioning devices of the cable or assemblies of connection and pre-tensioning elastic set of traction, mounted or not on floating trunk, for installation for stopping boats with a cable of stop material synthetic, with integrated tensioner or with transverse tensioner.
  • the pretensioners of the cable comprise two moorings arranged in V with respect to each end of the cable, one of the two moorings, the mooring line, incorporating said elastic traction assembly, the other mooring, mooring holding device, incorporating a breaking assembly having a maximum breaking value VRmax.
  • the two V-shaped moorings and the corresponding end of the stopping cable are respectively fixed to a floating trunk.
  • the two V-shaped moorings and the corresponding end of the stop cable are respectively fixed to the three vertices of a triangular spacer frame.
  • the invention also relates to a set of connection and pre-tensioning elastic tensile assembly, mounted or not on floating trunk, for installation for stopping boats according to the invention presented above and / or a replacement kit consisting of a stop cable of synthetic material, preferably aramid, and two sets of connection and pre-tensioning.
  • Figures 1 to 4 illustrate the structure and operation of the embodiment of a safety installation for stopping boats with integrated tensioner described below.
  • FIG. 1 represents a schematic plan view of a portion of a waterway in which a lock head 110, 110 'separates the navigation channel 112 leading to a lock (not shown) of a diversion channel 114 leading to a dam 116 extending through the channel 114 substantially between the head 110 and the bank 118 of the waterway.
  • a lock head 110, 110 Upstream of the dam 116 (the current direction is represented by the arrow F) and across the channel 114 is disposed a safety installation for stopping the boats 120 in order to protect the dam 116 downstream of the security installation 120 and the boats.
  • FIG. 1 shows a distressed convoy 121 consisting of a pusher 121a and a barge 121b and which, following a false maneuver or an engine failure, is in the driven bypass channel 114. towards the dam 116.
  • the security installation consists mainly of a stop or guard cable 122 stretched across the channel 114 (separating the upstream parts 114a and downstream 114b of the channel) between two floating boxes 124 and 125 each attached to two fixed points lateral retaining 126a-126b and 127a-127b respectively located on the wall of the wall 110 'of the head or along the edge 118 by means of connecting assemblies 128 and 129, the ends of the cable 122 being firmly attached to anchoring means 130 and 131 disposed at the bottom 113 of the waterway.
  • each end of the cable 122 is attached to the upper end of an axial connecting tubular spacer 141 (161) (shown in FIG. FIGS. 2 and 3) passing through the trunk 124 (125) corresponding along the central axis Z1 (Z2) thereof, the lower end of each tubular spacer being connected by a mother chain 132 (133) to anchoring means, in this case adapted to rocky bottoms, and comprising a concrete dead body 134 (135) which is secured to a bundle of large chains 136 (137) welded at their free ends to anchor ties 138 (139).
  • the anchoring means are adapted to muddy or sandy bottoms and each comprise a concrete dead body secured to a plurality of independent chains each carrying an anchor adapted to the soft bottom, for example a flat anchor.
  • the cable 122 is made of aramid fibers, aromatic polyamide of very high tensile strength.
  • the aramid cable is advantageously mechanically protected and against UV radiation by a polyester sheath. Because of its relatively low linear density, the cable 122 can be stretched over the water at an average height of 0.6 meters using the connection assemblies 128 and 129 pre-tensioning described below and with a number reduced by intermediate floats 140, in this case two floats distant one, the other of about 30 meters for a total length of the cable 122 of a hundred meters.
  • FIG. 1 also illustrates the operating mode of the security installation 120 by schematically showing two positions of the convoy 121, the first rightmost one by looking at FIG. 1 (references in 'for the elements moved) shows the end of the phase of tensioning of the energy absorption installation (the anchoring means) under the effect of the advancement of the barge 121a with the deformation of the stop cable to take the form 122 ', the chests 124' and 125 'released from their connection assemblies allowing the direct transmission of the traction forces of the cable d stopping towards the dead bodies 132, 133.
  • the second position of the convoy shows the latter in position 121" stopped by the cable 122 '', the chests 124 '' and 125 '', the dead bodies 134 '' and 135 '', anchor chains 136 '' and 137 '' and the anchor ties 138 '' and 139 '', the latter elements having skidded on the bottom to absorb the kinetic energy of the convoy.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the front of the convoy 121 '' (seen from the bank 118) in its stop position with the cable 122 '' out of water around the bow of the barge 121a '' (reference 115 designating the surface of the body of water or the water line along the banks of the waterway), the intermediate float 140 '', the chest 125 '', the mother chain 133 stretched, the dead body 135 '' , the beam of chains 137 '' and the anchor beam 139 '', these last three components constituting the anchoring means having dragged on the bottom 113.
  • the reader will be able to refer to the French patent FR 2,580,691 to obtain additional general information on the operation in "safety" mode of this type of installation for stopping boats.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged plan view of the cable 122 (without the floats 140) and its connection assemblies 128 and 129.
  • Each link assembly 128, 129 comprises two moorings 128a-128b, 129a-129b arranged in a V-shape relative to each other. to the corresponding chest 124, 125, preferably symmetrically at 45 ° to the central axis of the trunk Z1, Z2 (perpendicular to the plane of Figure 3).
  • the downstream moorings 128b and 129b (preferably identical) have the ends attached to the fixed points 126b and 127b located downstream, with respect to the cable 122, fixed points 126a and 127a which are attached to the ends of the upstream moorings 128a and 129a (preferably identical).
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates the link assembly 129 whose upstream and downstream moorings 129aand 129b are substantially identical to moorings 128a and 18b already described.
  • the tether 129a has a high strength portion 145a and a fuse 147a (calibrated at VRmax ) secured to the bracket 155a attached to the boot 125 and the tether 129b has a high strength portion 145b, a fuse protection 147b and a tensioner 149 identical to the tensioner 148.
  • Each elastic traction assembly consists mainly of a SEAFLEX type stretcher 148, 149 of the Swedish company ANCRO MARIN AB manufactured from one or more bundles of elastomeric strands of SBR rubber wrapped in a polyester protective sheath. These tensioners are capable of axial or longitudinal elastic elongation before rupture greater than 200%.
  • Each tensioner 148 (149) develops a traction force by contraction tending to bring its free ends; this tensile force is adjusted by the play of the dimensions of the chain 144b (145b) possibly using a mechanical tensioner to reach a tension level on the downstream moorings 128b and 129b of about 700 kg or 710 daN for a 6-strand SEAFLEX tensioner with a live length of about 4 meters.
  • the cable 122 and the other equipment for stopping the boats of the installation are dimensioned in this case to withstand at least 90 tons (90,000 kg).
  • the assembly of the cable portion of the safety installation 120 is balanced substantially symmetrically with respect to the cable 122 with in the present case (described by way of non-limiting example) the holding lugs 128a and 129b of fixed length of approximately 15.1 m, the traction lugs 128b and 129b of variable length substantially equal to 14, 3 m for tension tensioner of 710 daN, the chests 124 and 125 having a diameter of about 4 meters.
  • tensioners 148 and 149 by their contraction and elongation capacity ensure the correct pre-tension of the cable 122 despite the variations of level 115 of the water, ensuring a suitable height of cable above the water (except in exceptional cases of breakage of protective fuses 146b and 147b due to excessive elongation of tensioners 148 and 149).
  • the cable remains stretched rectilinear regardless of the speed of the current, the permanent pre-tension generated by the tensioners 148, 149 easily taking up the slack on the moorings downstream 128b and 129b due to the current acting on the chests.
  • the pre-tensioning device of the cable 122 illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be modified by equipping the chests 124, 125 with triangular spacing frames 224 and 225 (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3) or by connecting directly the moorings of the connection assemblies at the ends of the cable 122 at the height of the spacers 141 and 161.
  • FIGS 5 to 11b illustrate the structure and operation of the embodiment of an installation safety system for stopping transverse tensioners described below.
  • FIG. 5 represents a diagrammatic plan view of a portion of a waterway in which a lock head 10, 10 'separates the channel 12 leading to a lock (not shown) of a channel. 14 bypass leading to a dam 16 extending through the channel 14 substantially between the head 10 and the bank 18 of the waterway. Upstream of the dam 16 (the direction of the current is represented by the arrow F) and across the channel 14 is disposed a safety installation for stopping the boats 20 according to the invention in order to protect the dam 16 downstream of the safety installation 20 and the boats.
  • FIG. 5 shows a convoy in difficulty 21 consisting of a pusher 21a and a barge 21b and which, following a false maneuver or an engine failure, is in the channel 14 driven towards the dam 16.
  • the security installation consists mainly of a stop or guard cable 22 stretched across the channel 14 between two floating boxes 24 and 25 each attached to two fixed lateral retention points 26-26 'and 27-27'. respectively located on the wall of the wall 10 'of the head or at the edge of the edge 18 by means of connecting assemblies 28 and 29, the ends of the cable 22 being firmly attached to the anchoring means 30 and 31 arranged at the bottom 13 of the waterway.
  • each end of the cable 22 is attached to the upper end of a spacer axial tubular connection 41, 61 (shown in Figures 6 and 7) through the trunk 24, 25 corresponding, the lower end of each tubular spacer being connected by a mother chain 32 (33) to the anchoring means, in this case adapted to rocky bottoms, and comprising a concrete dead body 34 (35) which is secured to a bundle of large chains 36 (37) welded at their free ends to the anchors 38 (39).
  • the anchoring means are adapted to muddy or sandy bottoms and each comprise a concrete dead body secured to a plurality of independent chains each carrying an anchor adapted to the soft bottom, for example a flat anchor.
  • the cable 22 is made of aramid fibers, aromatic polyamide of very high tensile strength.
  • the aramid cable is advantageously mechanically protected and against UV radiation by a polyester sheath. Due to its relatively low linear density, the cable 22 can be stretched over the water at an average height of 0.6 meters using the pre-tensioning connection assemblies 28 and 29 described below and with a number reduced by intermediate floats 40, in this case two floats distant each other about 30 meters.
  • FIG. 5 also illustrates the operating mode of the security installation 20 by schematically showing two positions of the convoy 21, the first rightmost one by looking at FIG. 5 (references in 'for the displaced elements) shows the end of the phase of tensioning of the energy absorbing installation (the anchoring means) under the effect of the advancement of the barge 21a with the deformation of the stop cable to take the form 22 ', the 24 'chests and 25 'released from their connecting assemblies allowing the direct transmission of the pulling forces of the stop cable to the mooring bodies 32, 33.
  • the second position of the convoy shows the latter in position 21 '' stopped by cable 22 '', chests 24 '' and 25 '', dead bodies 34 '' and 35 '', anchor chains 36 '' and 37 '' and anchor ties 38 ''and39'', these last elements having skidded on the bottom to absorb the kinetic energy of the convoy.
  • Figure 6 illustrates the front of the convoy 21 '' (seen from the bank 18) in its stop position with the cable 22 '' out of water around the bow of the barge 21a '' (references 15 , 15 ', 15' 'designating indistinctly at three different heights the water level, the surface of the body of water or the water line along the banks of the waterway), the intermediate float 40' ', the trunk 25 '', the main chain 33 taut, the dead body 35 '', the chain of beams 37 '' and the anchor beam 39 '', these last three components constituting the anchoring means having dragged on the fond 13.
  • the reader can refer to the French patent FR 2,580,691 to obtain additional general information on the operation in "safe" mode of this type of installation for stopping boats.
  • FIG. 7 shows an enlarged plan view of the cable 22 (without the floats 40) and its connecting assemblies 28 and 29.
  • Each link assembly 28, 29 comprises two mooring lines 28a-28b, 29a-29b arranged in a V-shape relative to each other.
  • each tether includes a high strength portion 44b such as a mooring chain and a lower resistance portion 46b carrying a tether.
  • a breaking fuse 48b in this case a calibrated cable for a given breakdown voltage, for example 10,000 kg
  • a mechanical screw tensioner 52b capable of withstanding the breaking voltage of the fuse 48b.
  • the two portions 44b and 46b are connected to a triangular junction plate 50b whose last free peak serves as a point of attachment for one end of the elastic traction assembly 42 disposed between the branches of the moorings 28a and 28b.
  • each box has two lugs 54a-54b and 55a-55b distant, in this case, about 2 meters.
  • the portion 44b carries a fuse 56b said release to the extent that the break of fuse 56b calibrated for a lower voltage (for example 7.000 kg) to that of the breaking fuse 48b allows to release a chain loop 64b (see detail of Figure 4) connecting the chain 44b to the plate 50b to release a little tension on the cable 22 especially in case of ice jams during periods of flooding.
  • a chain loop 64b see detail of Figure 4
  • the breaking fuse 48b which release releasing the boxes 24 and 25 of their fixed retention points 26a-26b, 27a 27b.
  • the cable 22 is equipped at the trunk 24 with a drop hook 62 controlled remotely.
  • Each elastic tensile assembly consists mainly of a SEAFLEX type tensioner 42, 43 of the Swedish company ANCRO MARIN AB manufactured from one or more bundles of elastomeric strands of SBR rubber wrapped in a polyester protective sheath. These tensioners are capable of axial or longitudinal elastic elongation before rupture greater than 200%. Each tensioner 42 (43) develops a contraction tensile force tending to bring its free ends and the plates 50a-50b (51a-51b) to which they are attached. This has the effect of soliciting each box 24, 25 to its attachment bank 10, 18 and to separate them one and the other and put the cable 22 under tension.
  • the mounting of the cable portion of the safety installation 20 is balanced substantially symmetrically with respect to the cable 22 so that the tensioners 42 and 43 are disposed substantially perpendicularly to the cable and to the lower resistance portions 46a-46b, 47a-47b of the moorings (the useful length of the tensioners 42,43 and the joining plates 50a, 50b then being substantially equal to the distance between the brackets 54a-54b, 55a-55b on the chests 24,25).
  • connection assemblies 28 and 29 are such that for a mean low water level of the waterway the tensioners 42, 43 are already biased in tension so as to give the aramid cable 22 a pre-tension of the order of 1,000 to 1,500 kg (significantly lower than the breaking voltages or releasing corresponding fuses) ensuring a maintenance of the cable 22 at a good height relative to the water level. Incidentally during assembly it is possible to measure the dynamometer actual tension on the cable 22 and adjust this tension by acting on the mechanical tensioners 52a-52b and 53a-53b.
  • the cable remains stretched rectilinear regardless of the speed of the current, the permanent pre-tension generated by the tensioners 42,43 easily counteracting the effort due to the current acting on the chests.
  • the pre-tensioning device of the cable 22 illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8 can be simplified for other uses, in particular the pre-tensioning of safety cables made of synthetic material by replacing the boxes 24, 25 with triangular frames. 324 and 325 (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3) or by directly connecting the mooring lines to the ends 41 and 43 of the cable; the triangular frame solution 324 (325) at the vertices of which are fixed two attachment links (replacing the moorings 28a-28b, 29a-29b) and the corresponding end of the cable facilitating assembly and adjustments of the tensioners.
  • variable geometry pre-tensioning devices of the connection assemblies 28, 29 allow an elastic deformation of the mooring of the boxes 24 and 25 without appreciable lateral displacement for the latter despite the variations in the water levels in the waterway. 14, as shown in the figures 9a-9b, 10a-10b and 11a-11b respectively representing the situations of mean low water level 15, high water level 15 'and level of water of unemployment (emptying of the waterway) 15 ''.
  • the examination of the moorings shows that compared to the average low water situation (FIGS. 9a-9b), the effective length of the mooring lines tends to lengthen to reach a position where the portions 44 and 46 come into alignment (FIGS. 11a-11b). This results in an elongation of the tensioners 42, 43 (within acceptable limits) and an increase in pre-tension acting on the chests 24, 25 so that the horizontal lateral position of the chests DL is substantially invariable with the level of water in the waterway 14.

Claims (19)

  1. Verbindungs- (28, 29; 128, 129) und Vorspannungsgruppe für eine Schiffsstoppanlage, wobei die Anlage ein Haltekabel aus synthetischem Material umfasst, die Verbindungs- und Vorspannungsgruppe dazu ausgelegt ist, gegebenenfalls an einem schwimmenden Behälter angebracht zu werden, und wobei die Verbindungs- und Vorspannungsgruppe Folgendes umfasst:
    - zwei Haltetaue (28a, 28b; 29a, 29b; 128a, 128b; 129a, 129b), die dazu ausgelegt sind, in V-Form bezüglich eines Endes des Haltekabels (22; 122) angeordnet zu werden, wobei die beiden Haltetaue die beiden Arme des V bilden;
    - mindestens eine schmelzbare Reißgruppe (46a, 46b; 47a, 47b; 146a, 147a), die auf einen Höchstreißwert eingestellt ist, der durch die Verbindungsgruppe vorgegeben ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gruppe außerdem Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine elastische Zuggruppe (42, 43; 148, 149), die dazu ausgelegt ist, das Haltekabel (22, 122) auf eine Spannung vorzuspannen, die deutlich geringer als der entsprechende Reißwert der Verbindungsgruppe ist;
    und dadurch dass:
    - das eine (128b, 129b) der beiden Haltetaue, das Zugtau, die elastische Zuggruppe (148, 149) darin integriert hat; und
    - das andere (128a, 129a) der beiden Haltetaue, das Festhaltetau, die schmelzbare Reißgruppe (146a, 147a) darin integriert hat, oder dadurch dass:
    - die Arme des V untereinander durch die Zuggruppe (42, 43), die in der Zwischenposition quer montiert ist, verbunden sind;
    - jedes der beiden Haltetaue (28a, 28b; 29a, 29b) die schmelzbare Reißgruppe (46a, 46b; 47a, 47b) umfasst.
  2. Verbindungs- (28, 29; 128, 129) und Vorspannungsgruppe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine schmelzbare Hilfsreißgruppe (56b; 146b, 147b) umfasst, die jedem (28a, 28b; 29a, 29b; 128b, 129b) der mindestens einen der beiden Haltetaue zugeordnet ist, welche der elastischen Zuggruppe (42, 43; 148, 149) zugeordnet sind und auf einen Reißwert eingestellt sind, der geringer als der Höchtreißwert ist.
  3. Verbindungs- (28, 29; 128, 129) und Vorspannungsgruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die schmelzbare Reißgruppe (46a, 46b; 47a, 47b; 146a, 147b) und/oder die schmelzbare Hilfsreißgruppe (56b; 146b, 147a) aus einem kalibrierten Reißkabel besteht, das jeweils auf den entsprechenden Reißwert eingestellt ist.
  4. Verbindungs- (28, 29; 128, 129) und Vorspannungsgruppe mit einer elastischen Zuggruppe (42, 43; 148, 149) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Haltetaue (28a, 28b; 29a, 29b; 128a, 128b; 129a, 129b) und das entsprechende Ende des Haltekabels (22, 122) jeweils an einem schwimmenden Behälter (24-25, 124-125) befestigt sind.
  5. Verbindungs- (28, 29; 128, 129) und Vorspannungsgruppe mit einer elastischen Zuggruppe (42, 43; 148, 149) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Haltetaue (28a, 28b; 29a, 29b; 128a, 128b; 129a, 129b) derselben Verbindungsgruppe und das entsprechende Ende des Haltekabels (22, 122) jeweils an drei Spitzen eines dreieckigen Abstandrahmens (224, 225; 324, 325) befestigt sind.
  6. Verbindungs- (28, 29; 128, 129) und Vorspannungsgruppe mit einer elastischen Zuggruppe (148, 149) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede elastische Zuggruppe (42, 43; 148, 149) aus einem oder mehreren elastischen Aderbündeln, die von einer Schutzhülle aus Polyester umgeben sind, besteht.
  7. Verbindungs- (128, 129) und Vorspannungsgruppe mit einer elastischen Zuggruppe (148, 149) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das die elastische Zuggruppe enthaltende Haltetau (128a, 129b) die zweckmäßig eingestellte Hilfsreißgruppe (146b, 147b) umfasst.
  8. Verbindungs- (28, 29) und Vorspannungsgruppe mit einer elastischen Zuggruppe (42, 43) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Haltetau (28b) einen Abschnitt hohen Widerstands (44b) und einen Abschnitt geringeren Widerstands (46b) umfasst, der mit einer schmelzbaren Reißgruppe versehen ist, die auf den gegebenen Höchtreißwert (48b) eingestellt ist, wobei Verbindungselemente zwischen den Halteseilabschnitten auch als Befestigungsstelle für die elastische Zuggruppe (42, 43) dient.
  9. Verbindungs- (28, 29) und Vorspannungsgruppe mit einer elastischen Zuggruppe (42, 43) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abschnitt hohen Widerstands eine schmelzbare Hilfsreißgruppe zur Lockerung (56b) trägt, die zweckmäßig auf einen Wert eingestellt ist, der unterhalb des Höchstreißwerts liegt, und die in Abweichung auf einer Schleife (64b) des Abschnitt hohen Widerstands (44b) gezeigt ist.
  10. Verbindungs- (28, 29) und Vorspannungsgruppe mit einer elastischen Zuggruppe (42, 43) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 und 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Haltetaue (28a, 28b; 29a, 29b) jeweils mit einem Zugmechanismus (52b) zum Regeln der Länge der Halteseile und des Kabels (22) ausgestattet sind.
  11. Anlage (20, 120) zum Stoppen von Schiffen, umfassend:
    - ein flexibles Haltekabel (22, 122), das quer zu einem Teil des gesamten navigierbaren Wegs (14, 114) angeordnet ist;
    - Verankerungsmittel (36, 37; 136, 137), die im hinteren Teil (13, 113) des navigierbaren Wegs angeordnet sind und mit jedem Ende des Haltekabels verbunden sind;
    - mindestens eine Verbindungsgruppe geringern Widerstands (28-29, 128-129), die einem Ende des Haltekabels und mindestens einer festen seitlichen Haltestelle (26a, 26b; 27a, 27b; 126a, 126b; 127a, 127b) zugeordnet ist, wobei die Anlage (20, 120) so ausgelegt ist, dass, sobald das Schiff (21, 121) von dem Haltekabel erfasst wird und nach dem Reißen der Verbindungsgruppen (28-29, 128-129), das Schiff mittels der Verankerungsmittel (36, 37; 136, 137) stoppt;
    - Anlage (20, 120), die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass mindestens eine Verbindungsgruppe geringeren Widerstands (28, 29; 128, 129), die einem Ende des Haltekabels (22, 122) zugeordnet ist, eine elastische Zugeinheit (42, 43; 148, 149) umfasst und aus einer Verbindungs- und Vorspannungsgruppe gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 besteht, und dadurch, das das Haltekabel (22, 122) aus einem synthetischen Material besteht.
  12. Anlage (20, 120) zum Stoppen von Schiffen nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Haltekabel (22, 122) durch mindestens eine elastische Zugeinheit (42-43, 148-149) auf eine Spannung vorgespannt wird, die erheblich unter dem entsprechenden von dem Reißen der Verbindungsgruppen (28, 29; 128, 129) gegebenen Höchstreißwert liegt.
  13. Anlage (20, 120) nach einem der Ansprüche 11 und 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Haltekabel (22, 122) aus Aramid gefertigt ist und gegebenenfalls von einem Polyestermantel umgeben wird.
  14. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Verbindungsgruppen geringeren Widerstands (28, 29; 128, 129), die den Enden des Haltekabels (22, 122) zugeordnet sind, jeweils aus einer Verbindungs- und Vorspannungsgruppe (28, 29; 128; 129) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 10 bestehen.
  15. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Ende des Haltekabels (22, 122) ebenfalls mit einem schwimmenden Behälter (24, 25; 124, 125) verbunden ist.
  16. Anlage nach Anspruch 15, umfassend mindestens eine Verbindungsgruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abschnitte hohen Widerstands (44b) dazu bestimmt sind, an den festen seitlichen Haltestellen (26b) befestigt zu werden, und dadurch, dass die Abschnitte geringeren Widerstands (46b) dazu bestimmt sind, an den beiden Befestigungsstellen (54a, 54b) an dem entsprechenden Behälter (24), die um einen Abstand beabstandet sind, der im Wesentlichen gleich der Länge der Anfangseinstellung der elastischen Zuggruppe (42) ist, befestigt zu werden.
  17. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 15, umfassend mindestens eine Verbindungsgruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die feste Stelle der Halterung (126b, 127b) jedes die elastische Zuggruppe enthaltenden Haltetaus (128b, 129b) stromabwärts von der festen Haltestelle (126a, 127a) des entsprechenden Festhaltetaus (128a, 129a) gehalten wird.
  18. Flexibles Haltekabel (22, 122) für eine Anlage (20, 120) zum Stoppen von Schiffen, in Kombination mit einer Verbindungs- und Vorspannungsgruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, und dazu ausgelegt, quer zu dem gesamten oder einem Teil des navigierbaren Wegs (14, 114) angeordnet zu werden, und mit jedem Ende des Verankerungsmittels (36, 37; 136, 137), das hinten (13, 113) im navigierbaren Weg angeordnet ist, verbunden ist, wobei jedes Ende des Haltekabels mit mindestens einer festen seitlichen Haltestelle (26a, 26b; 27a, 27b; 126a, 126b; 127a, 127b) über eine Verbindungsgruppe geringeren Widerstands (28, 29; 128, 129) verbunden ist, wobei die Anlage (20, 120) dazu ausgelegt ist, sobald das Schiff (21, 121) von dem Haltekabel erfasst wird und nach dem Reißen der Verbindungsgruppen (28-29, 128-129), das Schiff (21, 121) mittels eines Verankerungsmittels (36-37, 136-137) zu stoppen, wobei das Haltekabel dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es mit jedem seiner beiden Enden mit einer Verbindungsgruppe geringeren Widerstands (28-29, 128-129) verbunden ist, die aus einer Verbindungs- und Vorspannungsgruppe (28-29, 128-129) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 10 besteht, und dass das Haltekabel (22, 122) aus einem synthetischen Material besteht.
  19. Haltekabel (22, 122) nach Anspruch 18 in Kombination mit einer Verbindungs- und Vorspannungsgruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Haltekabel (22, 122) aus Aramid gefertigt ist und gegebenenfalls durch einen Polyestermantel umhüllt wird.
EP02292325A 2001-10-18 2002-09-23 Schiffstoppanlage mit vorgespanntem Seil und Seilvorspannvorrichtungen Expired - Fee Related EP1304414B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0113409A FR2831192B1 (fr) 2001-10-18 2001-10-18 Installation pour l'arret des bateaux a cable pre-tendu et dispositifs de pre-tension pour cables de securite
FR0113409 2001-10-18
FR0206777A FR2840333B1 (fr) 2002-06-03 2002-06-03 Installation pour l'arret des bateaux a cable pre-tendu et dispositifs de pre-tension du cable
FR0206777 2002-06-03

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EP1304414A1 EP1304414A1 (de) 2003-04-23
EP1304414B1 true EP1304414B1 (de) 2007-03-14

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3299273A1 (de) 2016-09-22 2018-03-28 Neptun Ship Design GmbH Vorrichtung und verfahren zum an- und ablegen von wasserfahrzeugen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008061707B4 (de) * 2008-12-12 2012-05-16 Dieter Tamke Anlegevorrichtung
GB2547644A (en) 2016-02-22 2017-08-30 Tech From Ideas Ltd Mooring
CN113832920A (zh) * 2021-09-05 2021-12-24 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 沿坡面布设受力的拦阻装置及方法

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FR1257678A (fr) * 1960-02-19 1961-04-07 Creusot Forges Ateliers Dispositif de sécurité pour le freinage des bateaux dans les ouvrages d'art
NL6408633A (de) * 1964-07-29 1966-01-31
US3570441A (en) * 1968-06-13 1971-03-16 Pneuveyco Equipment Ltd Marine towline shock absorber
US3845633A (en) * 1973-12-13 1974-11-05 Atomic Energy Commission Interceptor for preventing ship collisions with offshore power stations and the like
GB1602512A (en) * 1977-03-11 1981-11-11 Muirhead J I Apparatus for arresting a floating vessel
FR2580691B1 (fr) * 1985-04-23 1987-05-22 Morillon Corvol Courbot Ent Dispositif de protection assurant l'arret de bateaux

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3299273A1 (de) 2016-09-22 2018-03-28 Neptun Ship Design GmbH Vorrichtung und verfahren zum an- und ablegen von wasserfahrzeugen

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