EP1300864A2 - Magnetsystem für eine elektromechanische Schaltvorrichtung und elektromechanisches Relais - Google Patents

Magnetsystem für eine elektromechanische Schaltvorrichtung und elektromechanisches Relais Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1300864A2
EP1300864A2 EP02021297A EP02021297A EP1300864A2 EP 1300864 A2 EP1300864 A2 EP 1300864A2 EP 02021297 A EP02021297 A EP 02021297A EP 02021297 A EP02021297 A EP 02021297A EP 1300864 A2 EP1300864 A2 EP 1300864A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnet
permanent magnet
electromagnetic coil
magnetic field
coil system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02021297A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1300864A3 (de
Inventor
Klaus Reiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tyco Electronics Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Tyco Electronics Austria GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyco Electronics Austria GmbH filed Critical Tyco Electronics Austria GmbH
Priority to EP02021297A priority Critical patent/EP1300864A3/de
Publication of EP1300864A2 publication Critical patent/EP1300864A2/de
Publication of EP1300864A3 publication Critical patent/EP1300864A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnet system for an electromechanical switching device and, more specifically, to a permanent magnet arrangement for an electromagnetic relay.
  • Electromechanical switching devices such as, relays and contactors, generally have the function of closing or interrupting one or more electrical circuits on the basis of electrical control voltages that are applied to a magnet system. Electromechanical switching devices are used in a variety of applications including switching of high energy controlled by low energy, isolation of different voltage levels, e.g., low voltage on the input side and main voltage on the output side, isolation of direct current and alternating current circuits, simultaneous switching of a plurality of electrical circuits by means of a single control signal, and linking of information for establishing control sequences.
  • the main fields of use for such electronic components are predominantly communications technology, automation and control technology, and motor vehicle electronics.
  • An important element of electromechanical switching devices is the magnet system that substantially consists of an electromagnetic coil system and an iron circuit.
  • An electrical current flows through the coil system to excite a magnetic field in the iron circuit formed by a core, a yoke and an armature.
  • the magnetic field actuates the armature such that the armature pivots in relation to a switching contact.
  • An example of a magnet system of this type for use in an electromagnetic relay is taught in DE 199 17 338 A1.
  • the magnitude of the current required for actuating the armature corresponds to the energy consumption of the electromechanical switching device and the thermal loads occurring therein.
  • Fig. 7 shows a magnet system 100 having an electromagnetic coil system 106 and an iron circuit 108.
  • the electromagnetic coil system 106 consists of a coil body 104 and a coil winding 102 that induces a magnetic field in an iron circuit 108 when current flows through the electromagnetic coil system 106.
  • the iron circuit 108 consists of a core 110, a yoke 112 and an armature 114.
  • the armature 114 is drawn to pole surfaces 116, 118, 119 of the yoke 112 and the core 110.
  • a permanent magnet 120 inserted in the iron circuit 108 strengthens the magnetic flux when current of the correct polarity is applied to the coil winding 102.
  • the magnetic fields of the coil system 106 and the permanent magnet 120 counteract to weaken the actual effective magnetic field. If, therefore, the assistance of a permanent magnet is to be used for reducing the required coil current, the known arrangement shown in Fig. 7 can no longer be employed if simultaneously there is a requirement for complete autonomy from the polarity of the coil current.
  • the magnet system comprising an electromagnetic coil system, an iron circuit, and a permanent magnet.
  • the iron circuit is partially surrounded by the electromagnetic coil system and has a magnetic field excited by the electromagnetic coil system.
  • the permanent magnet is arranged outside of the iron circuit and has field lines superimposed by the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil system.
  • Figs. 1 through 4 show a magnet system 100 for an electromechanical switching device in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show the magnet system 100 for the electromechanical switching device in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention.
  • elements that are unimportant for illustrating the invention for example, supply leads, housing components, etc., are not represented in the Figs.
  • the magnet system 100 has a permanent magnet 120, an electromagnetic coil system 106 and an iron circuit 108.
  • the electromagnetic coil system 106 consists of a coil body 104 and a coil winding 102.
  • the iron circuit 108 consists of a core 110, a yoke 112 and an armature 114.
  • the core 110 has a pole surface 118 positioned substantially adjacent to the armature 114.
  • the yoke 112 is substantially u-shaped and has pole surfaces 116, 119 positioned substantially adjacent to the armature 114.
  • a working air gap 122 is provided between the pole surfaces 116, 118, 119 and the armature 114 and substantially parallel to the permanent magnet 120. As shown by the dashed lines in Fig.
  • the permanent magnet 120 is a substantially rectangular plate and extends parallel to the pole surface 118 of the core 110 with substantially corresponding dimensions.
  • the width of the permanent magnet 120 corresponds approximately to the width of the armature 114.
  • the permanent magnet 120 is in contact with an end face of the coil body 104 and, in the first embodiment, an arm of the yoke 112 that is not surrounded by the coil 106.
  • a field weakening occurs because the magnetic field lines 126 run counter to the field lines of the permanent magnet 120.
  • a field strengthening occurs because the magnetic field lines 126 run in the same direction as the field lines of the permanent magnet 120.
  • the direction of the coil current 124 is reversed, as shown in Fig. 4, the direction of the magnetic field lines 126 are also reversed.
  • the region 130 of field strengthening is now located in the environment of the core 110 because the magnetic field lines 126 run in the same direction as the field lines of the permanent magnet 120.
  • the region 128 of field weakening occurs in the environment of the yoke 112 because the magnetic field lines 126 run counter to the field lines of the permanent magnet 120.
  • the region 130 of field strengthening and the region 129 of field weakening are approximately balanced in respect to one another to create a drive system approximately independent of the polarity of the magnetic field and, thus, of the polarity of the voltage and of the direction of the coil current 124.
  • the magnet system 100 reacts to the change of polarity of the magnetic field like a drive system without assistance from the permanent magnet 120. Because of the magnetic attraction of the armature 114 to the permanent magnet 120, however, the magnet system 100 has improved responsiveness. In this manner the energy requirement for controlling the magnet system 100 can be greatly reduced. Further, by displacing the permanent magnet 120 in the direction of the core 110, the magnet system 100 may be finely adjusted.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show a magnet system 100 for the electromechanical switching device in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show a maximum possible displacement position of the permanent magnet 120, in which the permanent magnet 120 is positioned in contact with the core 110.
  • the relationship between the region 128 of field weakening and the region 130 of field strengthening may be influenced by means of such geometric displacement.
  • the invention is based on the fact that advantageous pick-up and pull-through characteristics can be achieved by the use of the permanent magnet 120 and at the same time autonomy of the switching characteristics from the polarity can be achieved if the permanent magnet 120 is arranged outside the iron circuit 108.
  • the permanent magnet 120 is positioned and constructed in respect to its geometry and dimensions such that the field lines of the permanent magnet 120 strengthen the field of the electromagnetic coil system 106 in one region and weaken the field of the electromagnetic coil system 106 in another region and that these two effects balance each other, then the system reacts to a change of polarity of the main magnetic field exactly like a drive system without the assistance of a permanent magnet 120, without thereby losing the improvement in sensitivity of the magnet system 100 based on the magnetic attraction of the armature 114 to the permanent magnet 120.
  • the attraction of the armature 114 to the permanent magnet 120 may be adjusted, for example, by altering the thickness of the permanent magnet 120, the strength of the permanent magnet 120, or by altering the size of the working air gap 122 between the closed armature 114 and the permanent magnet 120.
  • the arrangement of the permanent magnet 120 in the working air gap 122 between the core 110 and the armature 114 enables the field lines of the permanent magnet 120 to directly influence the characteristics of the armature 114.
  • the design of the permanent magnet 120 as a rectangular plate also represents a solution that is advantageous and physically effective in terms of production.
  • the fact that the permanent magnet 120 is arranged parallel to the pole surfaces 116, 118, 119 and between the pole surfaces 118, 119 means that fine adjustment of the magnet system 100 is rendered possible by means of displacing the permanent magnet 120 on this plane.
  • An embodiment suitable for substantial miniaturisation is represented by a magnet system 100 in which the yoke 112 has a substantially U-shaped configuration and in which an arm of the yoke 112 is enclosed at least partially by the electromagnetic coil system 106.
  • the core 110 is designed as a core plate that makes contact with an arm of the yoke 112 enclosed by the electromagnetic coil system 106 and also dips into the electromagnetic coil system 106 such that further miniaturisation of the magnet system 100 can be achieved.
  • the magnet system 100 according to the invention can be employed particularly effectively in the case of an electromagnetic relay which has an actuation element or a switching contact and at least one fixed contact, the switching contact being able to come into contact with the fixed contact by means of the movement of the armature 114.
  • the saving on energy is manifested by the increased sensitivity of the magnet system 100.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
EP02021297A 2001-10-05 2002-09-19 Magnetsystem für eine elektromechanische Schaltvorrichtung und elektromechanisches Relais Withdrawn EP1300864A3 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02021297A EP1300864A3 (de) 2001-10-05 2002-09-19 Magnetsystem für eine elektromechanische Schaltvorrichtung und elektromechanisches Relais

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01123872 2001-10-05
EP01123872 2001-10-05
EP02021297A EP1300864A3 (de) 2001-10-05 2002-09-19 Magnetsystem für eine elektromechanische Schaltvorrichtung und elektromechanisches Relais

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1300864A2 true EP1300864A2 (de) 2003-04-09
EP1300864A3 EP1300864A3 (de) 2005-01-26

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP02021297A Withdrawn EP1300864A3 (de) 2001-10-05 2002-09-19 Magnetsystem für eine elektromechanische Schaltvorrichtung und elektromechanisches Relais

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP1300864A3 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110504139A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-26 泰科电子奥地利有限责任公司 例如继电器的磁开关装置的轭组件、磁组件和磁开关装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2881365A (en) * 1955-11-04 1959-04-07 Nathaniel A Karr Neutral relay
DE3135360A1 (de) * 1981-09-07 1983-03-24 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektromagnetisches schaltgeraet
DE3140374A1 (de) * 1981-10-10 1983-04-28 Eberle Anlagen KG, 8500 Nürnberg Bistabiles klappankerrelais
US5703550A (en) * 1995-12-26 1997-12-30 General Motors Corporation Magnetic latching relay
WO2000063937A1 (en) * 1999-04-16 2000-10-26 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Electromagnetic relay and method of making the same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2881365A (en) * 1955-11-04 1959-04-07 Nathaniel A Karr Neutral relay
DE3135360A1 (de) * 1981-09-07 1983-03-24 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektromagnetisches schaltgeraet
DE3140374A1 (de) * 1981-10-10 1983-04-28 Eberle Anlagen KG, 8500 Nürnberg Bistabiles klappankerrelais
US5703550A (en) * 1995-12-26 1997-12-30 General Motors Corporation Magnetic latching relay
WO2000063937A1 (en) * 1999-04-16 2000-10-26 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Electromagnetic relay and method of making the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110504139A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-26 泰科电子奥地利有限责任公司 例如继电器的磁开关装置的轭组件、磁组件和磁开关装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1300864A3 (de) 2005-01-26

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