EP1297722B1 - Heating cable of multi-layer construction - Google Patents

Heating cable of multi-layer construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1297722B1
EP1297722B1 EP01273768A EP01273768A EP1297722B1 EP 1297722 B1 EP1297722 B1 EP 1297722B1 EP 01273768 A EP01273768 A EP 01273768A EP 01273768 A EP01273768 A EP 01273768A EP 1297722 B1 EP1297722 B1 EP 1297722B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
heating cable
air
heating
reinforcing layer
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Revoked
Application number
EP01273768A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1297722A1 (en
Inventor
Renato Parun
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Thermon Europe BV
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Thermon Europe BV
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Publication of EP1297722A1 publication Critical patent/EP1297722A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating cable with a multi-layer structure.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift DE 34 14 284 A1 discloses an electrical heating element known for piping. Here is a coaxial heat conductor with a External insulation of Teflon-PFA described.
  • the present invention has for its object to a heating cable in such a way improve it especially against external mechanical stresses (Buckling) is particularly resistant.
  • a heating cable is provided with a multi-layer structure, at least a central electrically conductive heating conductor and two electrically insulating and in having substantial air-impermeable layers, which are arranged so that between them can form an air cushion.
  • the spacer may be a layer of fibrous, braided, cellular or porous Be structure.
  • the spacer can be designed in the sense of a mechanical reinforcement function be.
  • the spacer may be a reinforcing layer of a metallic wire mesh be, which may consist of nickel-plated copper wires.
  • At least one of the substantially air-impermeable layers may be made Perfluoroalkoxy copolymer (PFA) exist.
  • PFA Perfluoroalkoxy copolymer
  • At least one of the substantially air-impermeable layers and the Spacer may be a layer of non-metallic fiber material be.
  • the layer of a non-metallic fiber material may consist of a Consist of glass fiber ceramic tape.
  • a heating cable according to the invention is denoted by 6.
  • Such Heating cable can be, for example, as Serienitztechnisch for process temperature constant maintenance use. Due to the structure explained in more detail below It can also be used in potentially explosive atmospheres.
  • Such a heating cable 6 with series resistance has a constant, through the Voltage, the resistance and the length of the cable defined active power. For example, it can maintain a process temperature of up to 280 ° C become. A typical supply voltage is 750 V. This can be Achieve output power in the range of 25 W / min.
  • an electrical heating conductor. 1 intended. This is of a first insulating layer 2, for example of PFA or from a comparable plastic material, surrounded. At this first electric Insulating layer 2 adjoins a glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3, which in Interaction with a radial of it outside (as shown) or inside (not shown) arranged reinforcing layer 4 a protection against mechanical Damage offers.
  • the glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 is similar to one with Minerals offset glass fiber formed.
  • the sandwich structure of the glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 / reinforcing layer 4 it further increases the mechanical protection properties.
  • the glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 also prevents this from occurring during a thermal Extension of the underlying PFA layer 2, the reinforcing layer 4 in this cuts. It should also be remembered that the PFA material at higher Temperatures softened.
  • the glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 thus has simultaneously mechanical protection and electrical insulation.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 is outwardly again by another electrically insulating layer 5 protected, for example, from perfluoroalkoxy copolymer material (PFA) can exist.
  • PFA perfluoroalkoxy copolymer material
  • the two electrically insulating layers 2, 5 are both substantially and im Ideally, completely air-impermeable, so that between them at a appropriate dimensioning of their cross sections a mechanically protective air cushion formed.
  • the glass ceramic tape layer 3 and the reinforcing layer 4 are in essential air permeable and therefore have the function of a spacer, the a direct contact of the two layers 2, 5 prevented as possible. Therefore, the Reinforcing layer 4 also formed so that they are the underlying layers -
  • grounding straps with comparable structure - completely surrounds, both in terms of the longitudinal extent as well as the Circumferential direction of the heating cable. The complete surrounding in all dimensions guarantees that the spacer effect and thus also the protective air cushion always available.
  • This air cushioning is on the one hand by the braided structure of the Reinforcing layer 4 and on the other hand by an appropriate design of the Inner diameter of the reinforcing layer 4 with respect to the outer diameter of the Fiberglass ceramic tape layer 3 reached.
  • the diameter of the reinforcing layer 4 For example, it can be deliberately oversized to ensure sufficient strength to ensure thereby adjusting air cushion.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 has some play with respect to the underlying layers, but can through the layer 5 Be closely surrounded outside.
  • the braided structure of the reinforcing layer 4 thus also achieves that a certain volume of air between the glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 and the outer protective layer 5 can form.
  • wire mesh-based reinforcing layer instead of the wire mesh-based reinforcing layer, too other spacers are used, for example, a porous, fibrous, braided or cellular (open or closed) structure.
  • the mechanical protection effect is summarized on the one hand by the Air cushion and on the other hand achieved by the sandwich structure.
  • the advantage in the sense a synergetic effect is that while both protective measures may be provided independently of each other, but complement each other so that they provide a protective effect with respect to different mechanical influences from the outside unfold.
  • the heating cable according to the invention has when used as a heating cable the Advantages that it is highly flexible and chemically resistant, a constant heat output (Active power) allows large heating circuit lengths are possible and the Supply voltage can be up to 750 V.

Abstract

Electrical heating cables (6) find application in the maintenance of a constant process temperature as serial resistance heaters. Such a heating cable (6) comprises a multi-layer construction, of, from inside out, a heating conductor (1), a first insulation layer (2), made from PFA, a layer (3), made from glass fibre ceramic strip, a reinforcement layer (4), a wire mesh and a further PFA insulation layer (5). The sensitive heating conductor (1) is, in particular, well protected from external mechanical influences, by means of the interaction of the glass fibre ceramic strip (3) and the reinforcing layer (4).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Heizkabel mit Mehrschichtaufbau.The present invention relates to a heating cable with a multi-layer structure.

Die Verwendung von elektrischen Heizkabeln, die einen nach außen isolierten Heizleiter aufweisen, ist gut bekannt. Derartige Heizkabel werden beispielsweise zur Prozesstemperatur-Konstanthaltung als Serien-Widerstandsheizungen verwendet.The use of electric heating cables containing an externally insulated heating conductor is well known. Such heating cables are for example for Process temperature constant maintenance used as series resistance heaters.

Aus der deutschen Gebrauchsmusterschrift DE 200 06 222 U1 ist eine elektrische Heizleitung mit folgendem koaxialen Aufbau von innen nach außen bekannt: Heizleiter, erste Isolierhülle, Kunststoffband (gewickeltes PTFE-Band), Glasseidengeflecht, Schutzleiter und Isoliermantel.From the German utility model DE 200 06 222 U1 is an electrical Heating cable with the following coaxial structure known from the inside to the outside: heating conductor, first insulating sleeve, plastic tape (wound PTFE tape), glass fiber braid, Protective conductor and insulating jacket.

Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 34 14 284 A1 ist ein elektrisches Heizelement für Rohrleitungen bekannt. Dabei ist ein koaxial aufgebauter Heizleiter mit einer Außenisolierung aus Teflon-PFA beschrieben.German Offenlegungsschrift DE 34 14 284 A1 discloses an electrical heating element known for piping. Here is a coaxial heat conductor with a External insulation of Teflon-PFA described.

Die vorliegende Erfindung hat sich zur Aufgabe gestellt, ein Heizkabel derartig zu verbessern, dass es insbesondere gegenüber äußeren mechanischen Belastungen (Knicken) besonders widerstandsfähig ist.The present invention has for its object to a heating cable in such a way improve it especially against external mechanical stresses (Buckling) is particularly resistant.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche bilden den zentralen Gedanken der Erfindung in besonders vorteilhafter Weise weiter.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. The dependent claims form the central idea of the invention in particular advantageously continue.

Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Heizkabel mit Mehrschichtaufbau vorgesehen, das wenigstens einen zentralen elektrisch leitfähigen Heizleiter und zwei elektrisch isolierende und im wesentlichen luftundurchlässige Schichten aufweist, die derart angeordnet sind, dass sich zwischen ihnen ein Luftpolster ausbilden kann. According to the invention a heating cable is provided with a multi-layer structure, at least a central electrically conductive heating conductor and two electrically insulating and in having substantial air-impermeable layers, which are arranged so that between them can form an air cushion.

Zur Vermeidung eines direkten Kontakts der beiden im wesentlichen luftundurchlässigen Schichten kann ein Abstandshalter vorgesehen sein.To avoid direct contact between the two substantially impermeable to air Layers may be provided a spacer.

Der Abstandshalter kann eine Schicht mit faseriger, geflochtener, zellartiger oder poröser Struktur sein.The spacer may be a layer of fibrous, braided, cellular or porous Be structure.

Der Abstandshalter kann im Sinne einer mechanischen Verstärkungsfunktion ausgelegt sein. The spacer can be designed in the sense of a mechanical reinforcement function be.

Der Abstandshalter kann eine Verstärkungsschicht aus einem metallischen Drahtgeflecht sein, das aus vernickelten Kupfer-Drähten bestehen kann.The spacer may be a reinforcing layer of a metallic wire mesh be, which may consist of nickel-plated copper wires.

Wenigstens eine der im wesentlichen luftundurchlässigen Schichten kann aus Perfluoralkoxy-Copolymer (PFA) bestehen.At least one of the substantially air-impermeable layers may be made Perfluoroalkoxy copolymer (PFA) exist.

Zwischen wenigstens einer der im wesentlichen luftundurchlässigen Schichten und dem Abstandshalter kann eine Schicht aus einem nichtmetallischen Fasermaterial vorgesehen sein.Between at least one of the substantially air-impermeable layers and the Spacer may be a layer of non-metallic fiber material be.

Die Schicht aus einem nichtmetallischen Fasermaterial kann aus einem Glasfaserkeramikband bestehen.The layer of a non-metallic fiber material may consist of a Consist of glass fiber ceramic tape.

Unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegende einzige Figur der Zeichnungen sollen nunmehr weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Eigenschaften der Erfindung näher erläutert werden.With reference to the accompanying single figure of the drawings will now Further advantages, features and characteristics of the invention will be explained in more detail.

In der Figur ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Heizkabel mit 6 bezeichnet. Ein solches Heizkabel lässt sich beispielsweise als Serienheizleitung zur Prozesstemperatur-Konstanthaltung verwenden. Aufgrund des im folgendem näher erläuterten Aufbaus lässt es sich auch im explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen verwenden.In the figure, a heating cable according to the invention is denoted by 6. Such Heating cable can be, for example, as Serienheizleitung for process temperature constant maintenance use. Due to the structure explained in more detail below It can also be used in potentially explosive atmospheres.

Ein derartiges Heizkabel 6 mit Serienwiderstand weist eine konstante, durch die Spannung, den Widerstand und die Länge des Kabels definierte Wirkleistung auf. Beispielsweise kann damit eine Prozesstemperatur bis zu 280°C aufrechterhalten werden. Eine typische Versorgungsspannung beträgt 750 V. Damit lassen sich Ausgangsleistungen im Bereich von 25 W/min erzielen.Such a heating cable 6 with series resistance has a constant, through the Voltage, the resistance and the length of the cable defined active power. For example, it can maintain a process temperature of up to 280 ° C become. A typical supply voltage is 750 V. This can be Achieve output power in the range of 25 W / min.

Zumehr soll der Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen Heizkabels 6 von innen nach außen erläutert werden. Zentral ist in dem Heizkabel 6 ein elektrischer Heizleiter 1 vorgesehen. Dieser ist von einer ersten Isolierungsschicht 2, beispielsweise aus PFA oder aus einem vergleichbaren Kunststoffmaterial, umgeben. An diese erste elektrisch isolierende Schicht 2 grenzt eine Glasfaserkeramikbandschicht 3, die in Zusammenwirkung mit einer radial von ihr außerhalb (wie dargestellt) bzw. innerhalb (nicht dargestellt) angeordneten Verstärkungsschicht 4 einen Schutz gegen mechanische Beschädigung bietet. Die Glasfaserkeramikbandschicht 3 ist ähnlich einer mit Mineralien versetzte Glasseide gebildet.Too many should the structure of the heating cable 6 according to the invention from the inside out be explained. Central in the heating cable 6 is an electrical heating conductor. 1 intended. This is of a first insulating layer 2, for example of PFA or from a comparable plastic material, surrounded. At this first electric Insulating layer 2 adjoins a glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3, which in Interaction with a radial of it outside (as shown) or inside (not shown) arranged reinforcing layer 4 a protection against mechanical Damage offers. The glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 is similar to one with Minerals offset glass fiber formed.

Die Sandwichstruktur der Glasfaserkeramikbandschicht 3 / Verstärkungsschicht 4 erhöht dabei weiter die mechanischen Schutzeigenschaften.The sandwich structure of the glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 / reinforcing layer 4 it further increases the mechanical protection properties.

Die Glasfaserkeramikbandschicht 3 verhindert auch, das bei einer thermischen Ausdehnung der darunter befindlichen PFA-Schicht 2 die Verstärkungsschicht 4 in diese einschneidet. Dabei ist auch zu bedenken, dass sich das PFA-Material bei höheren Temperaturen erweicht. Die Glasfaserkeramikbandschicht 3 hat somit gleichzeitig mechanische Schutz- und elektrische Isolierfunktion.The glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 also prevents this from occurring during a thermal Extension of the underlying PFA layer 2, the reinforcing layer 4 in this cuts. It should also be remembered that the PFA material at higher Temperatures softened. The glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 thus has simultaneously mechanical protection and electrical insulation.

Selbstverständlich kann eine weitere Glasfaserkeramikbandschicht außerhalb der Verstärkungsschicht 4 zusätzlich zu der bereits gezeigten Glaskeramikbandschicht 3 vorgesehen sein.Of course, another glass fiber ceramic tape layer outside the Reinforcing layer 4 in addition to the already shown glass ceramic tape layer 3rd be provided.

Die Verstärkungsschicht 4 ist nach außen nochmals durch eine weitere elektrisch isolierende Schicht 5 geschützt, die beispielsweise auch aus Perfluoralkoxy-Copolymermaterial (PFA) bestehen kann.The reinforcing layer 4 is outwardly again by another electrically insulating layer 5 protected, for example, from perfluoroalkoxy copolymer material (PFA) can exist.

Die beiden elektrisch isolierenden Schichten 2, 5 sind beide im wesentlichen und im Idealfall vollständig luftundurchlässig, so dass sich zwischen ihnen bei einer entsprechenden Bemessung ihrer Querschnitte ein mechanisch schützendes Luftpolster ausbildet. Die Glaskeramikbandschicht 3 und die Verstärkungsschicht 4 sind im wesentlichen luftdurchlässig und haben daher die Funktion eines Abstandshalters, der eine direkte Berührung der beiden Schichten 2, 5 möglichst verhindert. Daher ist die Verstärkungsschicht 4 auch derart ausgebildet, dass sie die darunterliegenden Schichten - bspw. im Gegensatz zu Erdungsbändern mit vergleichbarer Struktur - vollständig umgibt, und zwar sowohl hinsichtlich der Längserstreckung wie auch der Umfangsrichtung des Heizkabels. Das vollständige Umgeben in allen Dimensionen garantiert, dass die Abstandshalter-Wirkung und somit auch das schützende Luftpolster immer vorhanden sind.The two electrically insulating layers 2, 5 are both substantially and im Ideally, completely air-impermeable, so that between them at a appropriate dimensioning of their cross sections a mechanically protective air cushion formed. The glass ceramic tape layer 3 and the reinforcing layer 4 are in essential air permeable and therefore have the function of a spacer, the a direct contact of the two layers 2, 5 prevented as possible. Therefore, the Reinforcing layer 4 also formed so that they are the underlying layers - For example, in contrast to grounding straps with comparable structure - completely surrounds, both in terms of the longitudinal extent as well as the Circumferential direction of the heating cable. The complete surrounding in all dimensions guarantees that the spacer effect and thus also the protective air cushion always available.

Diese Luftpolsterung wird einerseits durch die geflochtene Struktur der Verstärkungsschicht 4 und andererseits durch eine entsprechende Bemessung des Innendurchmessers der Verstärkungsschicht 4 bezüglich des Außendurchmessers der Glasfaserkeramikbandschicht 3 erreicht. Der Durchmesser der Verstärkungsschicht 4 kann bspw. bewusst etwas überdimensioniert werden, um eine ausreichende Stärke des sich dadurch einstellenden Luftpolsters sicherzustellen. Die Verstärkungsschicht 4 hat etwas Spiel bezüglich der darunterliegenden Schichten, kann aber durch die Schicht 5 außen enganliegend umgeben sein.This air cushioning is on the one hand by the braided structure of the Reinforcing layer 4 and on the other hand by an appropriate design of the Inner diameter of the reinforcing layer 4 with respect to the outer diameter of the Fiberglass ceramic tape layer 3 reached. The diameter of the reinforcing layer 4 For example, it can be deliberately oversized to ensure sufficient strength to ensure thereby adjusting air cushion. The reinforcing layer 4 has some play with respect to the underlying layers, but can through the layer 5 Be closely surrounded outside.

Durch die geflochtene Struktur der Verstärkungsschicht 4 wird somit auch erreicht, dass sich ein gewisses Luftvolumen zwischen der Glasfaserkeramikbandschicht 3 und der äußeren Schutzschicht 5 ausbilden kann.The braided structure of the reinforcing layer 4 thus also achieves that a certain volume of air between the glass fiber ceramic tape layer 3 and the outer protective layer 5 can form.

Selbstverständlich können statt der Verstärkungsschicht auf Drahtgeflechtbasis auch andere Abstandshalter verwendet werden, die bspw. eine poröse, faserige, geflochtene oder zellartige (offen oder geschlossen) Struktur besitzen.Of course, instead of the wire mesh-based reinforcing layer, too other spacers are used, for example, a porous, fibrous, braided or cellular (open or closed) structure.

Zusammengefasst wird die mechanische Schutzwirkung also einerseits durch das Luftpolster und andererseits durch die Sandwichstruktur erreicht. Der Vorteil im Sinne eines synergetischen Effekts besteht darin, dass beide Schutzmaßnahmen zwar unabhängig voneinander vorgesehen sein können, sich aber dahingehend ergänzen, dass sie eine Schutzwirkung bezüglich unterschiedlicher mechanischer Einflüsse von außen entfalten.The mechanical protection effect is summarized on the one hand by the Air cushion and on the other hand achieved by the sandwich structure. The advantage in the sense a synergetic effect is that while both protective measures may be provided independently of each other, but complement each other so that they provide a protective effect with respect to different mechanical influences from the outside unfold.

Das erfindungsgemäße Heizkabel hat bei einer Verwendung als Heizleitung die Vorteile, dass es hoch flexibel und chemisch beständig ist, eine konstante Heizleistung (Wirkleistung) ermöglicht, große Heizkreislängen möglich sind und die Versorgungsspannung bis 750 V betragen kann.The heating cable according to the invention has when used as a heating cable the Advantages that it is highly flexible and chemically resistant, a constant heat output (Active power) allows large heating circuit lengths are possible and the Supply voltage can be up to 750 V.

Claims (4)

  1. A heating cable of multilayer construction,
    which exhibits the following elements from the inside to the outside:
    a central electrically conductive heating conductor (1),
    a first electrically insulating and air-impermeable layer (2),
    a tape (3) immediately adjacent to the first electrically insulating layer (2),
    a reinforcing layer (4) having fibrous, braided, cellular or porous structure, and
    a second electrically insulating and air-impermeable layer (5),
    characterised in that
    the tape (3) consists of glass-fibre ceramic, and
    in that the reinforcing layer (4) is produced from a metallic wire mesh.
  2. Heating cable according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the metallic wire mesh (4) consists of nickel-plated copper wires.
  3. Heating cable according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    at least one of the substantially air-impermeable layers (2, 5) consists of perfluoroalkoxy copolymer (PFA).
  4. Heating cable according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    for the purpose of forming an air-cushion layer the reinforcing layer (4) exhibits an oversize with respect to the underlying layers.
EP01273768A 2001-02-16 2001-10-16 Heating cable of multi-layer construction Revoked EP1297722B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10107429A DE10107429B4 (en) 2001-02-16 2001-02-16 Heating cable with multi-layer construction
DE10107429 2001-02-16
PCT/EP2001/011956 WO2002067630A1 (en) 2001-02-16 2001-10-16 Heating cable of multi-layer construction

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1297722A1 EP1297722A1 (en) 2003-04-02
EP1297722B1 true EP1297722B1 (en) 2005-08-31

Family

ID=7674370

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01273768A Revoked EP1297722B1 (en) 2001-02-16 2001-10-16 Heating cable of multi-layer construction

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1297722B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE303709T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10107429B4 (en)
EA (1) EA004666B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002067630A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11871486B2 (en) 2017-02-01 2024-01-09 Nvent Services Gmbh Low smoke, zero halogen self-regulating heating cable

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10325517A1 (en) 2003-06-05 2004-12-23 Hew-Kabel/Cdt Gmbh & Co. Kg Electric heating cable or heating tape
DE202008016069U1 (en) * 2008-12-04 2009-12-03 Trace Tec Begleitheizungstechnik Gmbh Device for heating surfaces
FR3002076B1 (en) * 2013-02-12 2022-11-11 Nexans ELECTRIC CABLE RESISTANT TO PARTIAL DISCHARGES
ITNA20130038A1 (en) * 2013-07-05 2015-01-06 Gianni Lucci APPLIANCE FOR CONTAINMENT AND HEATING OF WATER FOR HOME USE WITH PRESSURE OPERATION THANKS TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY PRODUCED BY ELECTROMAGNETIC COILS
KR101516159B1 (en) * 2014-05-29 2015-05-04 이민수 Heating Cable that been coated Ceramic and Teflon
CN108521689A (en) * 2018-05-16 2018-09-11 无锡市环球电器装备有限公司 Intelligent extra long distance heats cable

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DE1540897A1 (en) * 1965-10-25 1970-01-02 Eugen Kloepper Waermetechnik G Heating cable with protective conductor
DE2850722A1 (en) * 1978-11-23 1980-05-29 Pampus Kg Electric heater, esp. immersion heater for corrosive liq. - has lead with fluoro-plastics insulation, coaxial wire braid and impermeable fluoro-plastics cover
DE2901446C2 (en) * 1979-01-16 1981-04-09 Beck, von der, Heinz, 8011 Baldham Heating cable with specific heating output
DE3243061A1 (en) * 1982-11-22 1984-05-24 HEW-Kabel Heinz Eilentropp KG, 5272 Wipperfürth Flexible, electrical extendable heating element
DE3414284A1 (en) * 1984-04-14 1985-10-31 Heraeus-Wittmann Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Electrical heating element for pipelines, especially for long pipelines
DE8435742U1 (en) * 1984-12-06 1985-04-04 Schmidt, Hans, 5165 Hürtgenwald ELECTRIC HEATING PIPE
US5111032A (en) * 1989-03-13 1992-05-05 Raychem Corporation Method of making an electrical device comprising a conductive polymer
CA2174615A1 (en) * 1996-04-19 1997-10-20 Glenwood Franklin Heizer Variable power limiting heat tracing cable
GB9618289D0 (en) * 1996-09-02 1996-10-16 Warmup Plc Heating system
DE20006222U1 (en) * 2000-04-06 2000-07-27 Hemstedt Dieter Electric heating cable

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11871486B2 (en) 2017-02-01 2024-01-09 Nvent Services Gmbh Low smoke, zero halogen self-regulating heating cable
US11956865B2 (en) 2017-02-01 2024-04-09 Nvent Services Gmbh Low smoke, zero halogen self-regulating heating cable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1297722A1 (en) 2003-04-02
EA200300148A1 (en) 2003-06-26
WO2002067630A1 (en) 2002-08-29
ATE303709T1 (en) 2005-09-15
DE10107429B4 (en) 2005-09-29
EA004666B1 (en) 2004-06-24
DE50107297D1 (en) 2005-10-06
DE10107429A1 (en) 2002-09-12

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