Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
  • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
  • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
  • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an ammunition device with one or more warhead effect jackets in the form of pellets or fragments for example.
• warhead elements such as incendiary, and/or fire sustaining agents and suchlike
• the ammunition device is also of the type comprising explosive compositions that can be of already known type, arranged inside each warhead effect jacket, and that can be triggered by a triggering device that can also be of an already known type. Examples of such ammunition devices are shells, missiles, cruise missiles and suchlike.
• the ammunition device can also be carried by a weapon platform like an aircraft, for example.
• the triggering device can be controllable via a wireless link from the ground or an aircraft, and may possibly comprise already known time circuits.
• the ammunition device can be fired from the ground or from the weapon platform of the ammunition device.
• the objective of the present invention is to resolve these problems, and to propose that ammunition devices shall be arranged with warhead effect jackets that can be ejected before target approach or release, i.e. adaptation of the ammunition device shall be possible during approach or while the ammunition cargo device or its weapon platform is circling over the target zone. It is thus vital that target optimised, safe ejection functions are employed for the warhead effect jackets to maintain the effectiveness of the ammumtion device. It is also essential that the ammunition device can function with a high degree of safety during handling and servicing on the ground, and when loading the ammunition device or devices into/onto a possible weapon platform. There is also a desire to be able to use the ammunition device in several different ways. The present invention is intended to resolve this problem too.
• the main characteristic features of the ammunition device disclosed initially are, among other things, that adjacent to each warhead effect jacket there is arranged one or more separation charges each of which when actuated by dedicated actuation devices causes the removal of one or more warhead effect jackets, and that the actuation devices incorporate or interact with a programming device that operates with a first mode, i.e. an initial programming mode, in which the actuation devices remain non-actuated, and a second prograrnming mode in which the programming device actuates the actuation devices for initiating the separation charge or charges for ejection of each warhead effect jacket concerned.
• the design forms of the invention concept involve, among other things, that the programming device shall be arranged on the ground or on board the weapon platform for the ammunition device such as an aircraft.
• each warhead effect jacket shall incorporate incipient fractures or weakened sections or surfaces via which the jacket shall rupture on actuation of the separation charge or charges.
• Specific designs can thus be used for the jackets and propelling charges, and thereby the jackets and propelling charges can assume different cross-sectional forms in which the jacket or jackets have a hexagonal form and the propelling charge a circular form, or vice versa.
• the separation charge or charges can be assigned different geometrical shapes in cross-section. Consequently, the separation charges can be sector- shaped, wafer-shaped, etc in cross-section.
• the separation charges can also be arranged in parts of the warhead effect jacket and, for example, be evenly distributed around the cross-section of the jacket to achieve the appropriate rupture functions.
• only part of the warhead effect jacket is removed enabling fragmentation effect in selected sectors only. This is an advantage if the target is close to something (such as an object, troops, civilians, etc) that one does not want to damage/injure by fragmentation effect.
• the ammunition device can be equipped with a number of concentric warhead effect jackets with separation charges located in between.
• the jackets can comprise large and small fragments or light and heavy pellets for example.
• the warhead can also be arranged to provide a burst with all the warhead effect jackets still in place providing effect at long stand-off with large fragments, and effect at short standoff with small fragments at high density per unit area. If the warhead effect jacket with large fragments has been removed when the warhead bursts, effect is obtained from the small fragments. The effect radius of the warhead can thereby be restricted. When all the warhead effect jackets have been removed from the warhead, only blast effect remains. The effect radius is then small in relation to the effect radius with fragmentation. In this way three levels of warhead effect can be selected with various effect radii according to target type. Additional variants of the present invention are disclosed in the subsequent Patent Claims and the detailed description.
• the above proposals provide an ammunition device that is advantageous from a technical-financial aspect, and which can be adapted to various target types in conjunction with approach and initiation at the target. Engagement in the various target situations can thus be achieved by using in principle the same ammunition device, which is actuatable to the programming mode appropriate for the various types of target.
• Well proven components can be used in this context, which guarantees retention of a high degree of safety during handling and servicing of the ammunition devices.
• the ammunition devices can be applied, for example, on aircraft, in missiles (such as cruise missiles), artillery shells, etc that circle or fly over a target zone where there are different types of targets. In conjunction with its firing/launch the ammunition device can be finally programmed to the right mode for the target type, which will subsequently be combated effectively.
• Already known separation charges can be employed. Thus it can be determined at a late stage whether the ammunition device is to engage a target in question with blast effect only, or whether fragmentation, pellets, etc shall be included in the effect triggered.
• Figure 1 shows an overview of different types of targets, different warhead functions when actuated, and the actuation of the ammunition device from an aircraft and/or from the ground
• Figures 2-7 show cross-sections of variants of the warhead effect jacket and the separation charges arranged inside the jacket, while
• Figure 8 shows a cross-section of another variant that provides fragmentation effect in selected sectors only
• Figure 9 shows a cross-section of yet another variant that provides a triple- level function regarding warhead functions.
• Figure 1 illustrates different target types 1 and 2 in a target zone 3.
• engagement of each target type shall be enabled in an optimal manner with one and the same type of ammunition device.
• Figure 1 shows an ammunition device 4 illustrated in a first position 5. In position 5 the ammunition device 4 is above the target type 2 and, as illustrated in the example, the said ammunition device is engaging target 2 with a warhead effect providing blast effect 6 combined with fragmentation or pellets 7.
• the ammunition device 4 can carry out an alternative action, for example against target 1.
• the ammunition device operates in two stages whereby in the first stage the ammunition device is designated 4' and is in position 5'. In this stage the separation charges described in more detail below have been actuated involving ejection of warhead effect jacket 8, as also described below. After ejection the ammunition device 4' can assume position 5" closer to target 1. In position 5" target 1 is engaged using only blast effect 6'. It is considered that this alternative effect can also be applied against target 2.
• the ammunition device 4 can be of an already known type carried by an aircraft 9. In the case illustrated with 4 and 5 aircraft 9 launches ammunition device 4 against target 2.
• the ammunition device is equipped with time circuits 4a that in an already known manner can be triggered either from the aircraft, missile, etc via a wireless link 10, or by time circuits that are started at launch/release from the aircraft 9 or equivalent.
• the ammunition device also incorporates actuation devices 4b' for the separation charges described below.
• the aircraft can launch the ammunition device 4' as illustrated in positions 5' and 5".
• the programming device 9a in the aircraft is actuated to enable it— via a wireless link 11— to trigger the said separation charges symbolised by 4b'.
• the actuation device for the propelling charge or charges of the ammunition device has not been actuated. Actuation of separation charges 4b' results in separation of the warhead effect jacket or jackets 8 from the body of the ammunition device 4'.
• the ammunition device can alternatively be of a type that is fired from the ground, such as a missile or cruise missile, whereby the said programming device is arranged in ground-based equipment 13, which thus includes a device equivalent to the said programming device 9a.
• Ground-based equipment actuates the ammunition device via wireless links 14, 15 and 16.
• FIG. 2 shows a warhead effect jacket designated 17 incorporating effect elements in the form of pellets designated 18.
• An explosive composition 19 is arranged internally or inside the jacket.
• the warhead effect jacket is essentially circular in form in the cross-section shown in Figure 2.
• the explosive charge 19 in the same cross-section has the form of a polygon which, in the design example illustrated, is a hexagon.
• Warhead effect jacket 17 incorporates incipient fractures or weakened surfaces or parts 20 that facilitate rupture of the jacket when it shall be ejected prior to triggering of the explosive charge 19.
• the corners 19a of the hexagonal explosive charge 19 are adjacent to the inner surface 17a of the warhead effect jacket.
• the points of connection for corners 19a are thereby arranged adjacent to the said incipient fractures 20.
• the said forms of the warhead effect jacket and explosive charge result in sector-shaped spaces 21 between the sector faces 19b of the explosive charge and the said inner surfaces 17a of the warhead effect jacket, in which spaces the separation charges 22 are located.
• the latter are of already known type, and are triggered by the above stated devices 4b using an already known method.
• the separation charges shall not cause triggering of the explosive charge 19 as this shall be triggered at a later stage.
• the warhead effect jacket 17' is instead shaped like a polygon which, in the design example, is a hexagon.
• the explosive charge 19' has a circular design in the cross-section shown.
• the spaces thus obtained between the inner surfaces 17a and the outer face 19b' of the explosive charge have an essentially triangular shape in which the base of the triangle is curved in accordance with the circular outer surface of the explosive charge.
• the apexes 22a of the triangles are thereby arranged adjacent to the above mentioned incipient fractures or weakened surfaces or parts 20' . Even in this case actuation of the separation charges will effectively rupture the warhead effect jacket without triggering the explosive charge 19'.
• the explosive charges 19 and 19' are thereby arranged to be retained in the ammunition device after separation of the warhead effect jacket.
• both the warhead effect jacket 17" and the explosive charge 19" are designed with circular cross-sections.
• the warhead effect jacket 17" has a radius R that exceeds radius R' of the outer surface of the explosive charge.
• a ring- shaped space is thereby formed in which a similarly ring-shaped separation charge 22" is arranged.
• This variant employs a number of wedge-shaped devices 23 extending from separation charge 22' to positions between two adjacent pellets 18' and 18".
• the wedge- shaped devices 23 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the warhead effect jacket, and in the case illustrated are four in number.
• the said wedge-shaped devices endeavour to divide the jacket into four essentially equally large pieces, of which one is designated 17c, in a radial direction outwards from the centre 24. Each piece 17c constitutes a quarter of the circumference of the jacket.
• the variant illustrated in Figure 5 also has circular cross-sections for the warhead effect jacket 17'" and the explosive charge 19'".
• the difference is that the radius R for the inner surface of the jacket only slightly exceeds the radius R" of the outer surface of the explosive charge 19'".
• the separation charge in this case is divided into four smaller separation charges 25, 26, 27 and 28 arranged in the jacket, and in this case inside the pellets chamber such that each separation charge is located between two consecutive pellets, e.g. separation charge 25 is located between pellets 18'" and 18"".
• the current case employs four separation charges evenly distributed around the circumference of the jacket arranged at a mutual distance of 90°, i.e. in principle the jacket is divided into four essentially equally large pieces that are separable from the explosive charge 19'" in conjunction with actuation or triggering of the separation charges.
• the separation charges 26' are distributed in a similar manner to that shown in the variant in Figure 5.
• the warhead effect jacket 17"" has a hexagonal design as shown in the cross-section illustrated. There are six separation charges 26' with one located at each corner of the hexagon. The warhead effect jacket is thereby divided into six separable pieces that are effectively separated from the explosive charge 19"" when the said separation charges are actuated.
• the explosive charge 19"" has a circular shape in the design example illustrated.
• the warhead effect jacket 17'"" in the design example illustrated in Figure 7 is also hexagonal in cross-section.
• the explosive charge 19'"" is circular and the separation charges 22'" are generally wafer-shaped, each separation charge extending between two consecutive corners of the hexagon that incorporates incipient fractures or weakenings 20" as described above.
• the said circular explosive charge holds the separation charges 22'" in place by interacting with the centres of the wafer-shaped separation charges.
• the ammunition device 32 incorporates several concentric warhead effect jackets 33 and 35 with tubular separation charges 36 and 37.
• the various warhead effect jackets can comprise small and large fragmentation elements 38 and 39 respectively.
• Figure 9 illustrates different layers of warhead effect jackets, and it is considered that the number of layers is variable. If all the warhead fragmentation layers are in place when the ammunition device 32 is triggered, the large fragmentation elements provide effect over a long stand-off distance while the small fragmentation elements provide effect over a short stand-off distance, and the latter also provide a high density of fragmentation elements per unit of area.
• warhead effect jacket with the large fragmentation elements is removed/ejected before the ammunition device is triggered, effect is provided by the small fragmentation elements and the effect radius of the warhead is thus limited when the ammunition device is triggered. If both or all the warhead effect jackets are removed/ejected before the ammunition device is triggered it can provide only blast effect, which means that the said ammunition device can provide different levels of effect depending on the number of concentric warhead effect jackets present when the device is triggered.

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• 2000
  • 2000-07-03 SE SE0002488A patent/SE519542C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2001
  • 2001-06-20 DE DE60118188T patent/DE60118188T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-06-20 WO PCT/SE2001/001403 patent/WO2002003016A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 2001-06-20 EP EP01944029A patent/EP1297302B8/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-06-20 AU AU2001266477A patent/AU2001266477A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-06-20 ES ES01944029T patent/ES2260237T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-06-20 IL IL15362501A patent/IL153625A0/xx unknown
• 2002
  • 2002-12-20 ZA ZA200210370A patent/ZA200210370B/en unknown
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