EP1292479A1 - Procede et appareil permettant de detecter des defauts de rondeur sur une roue de vehicule sur rails - Google Patents

Procede et appareil permettant de detecter des defauts de rondeur sur une roue de vehicule sur rails

Info

Publication number
EP1292479A1
EP1292479A1 EP01943475A EP01943475A EP1292479A1 EP 1292479 A1 EP1292479 A1 EP 1292479A1 EP 01943475 A EP01943475 A EP 01943475A EP 01943475 A EP01943475 A EP 01943475A EP 1292479 A1 EP1292479 A1 EP 1292479A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
signal
motion
speed
sensor means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01943475A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roberto Moretti
Silvano Sema
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF Industrie SpA
Original Assignee
SKF Industrie SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKF Industrie SpA filed Critical SKF Industrie SpA
Publication of EP1292479A1 publication Critical patent/EP1292479A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/10—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring diameters
    • G01B21/12—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring diameters of objects while moving
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G01B7/282—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring roundness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
    • G01M17/10—Suspensions, axles or wheels

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a method and an apparatus for detecting roundness defects in a railway vehicle wheel.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,433,111 discloses an apparatus for detecting defective conditions associated with a set of railway vehicle wheels and with a railtrack upon which a given railway vehicle travels .
  • the apparatus comprises measurement means for generating data indicative of rotational rate of the wheels, a set of accelerometers adapted to generate data indicative of motion along three orthogonal axes, wherein one of the axes is generally vertical with respect to the railtrack, and a data processor adapted to detect, based on the received rotational rate and motion data, a defective condition associated with at least one wheel of the vehicle.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a continuos monitoring of the operating condition of the wheel to obtain real time information concerning the variation of the defect in time so that it is possible to intervene with urgency for . severe failures, or delay intervention depending on the gravity of the detected failure, or still consider the opportunity of not intervening, for example when an operation defect is stabilised or stabilising.
  • Another object of the invention is to optimise maintenance, so as to intervene only when it is appropriate or necessary, thereby reducing overall maintenance down time.
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a wheel of railway vehicle associated with an apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the generation and processing of signals in an apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a series of subsequent frames of a signal indicative of vertical movement of the wheel of figure 1 in the time domain
  • figure 4 shows a signal obtained as a mean of the subsequent rames of figure 3.
  • numeral 1 schematically designates a wheel of a railway vehicle travelling on a railtrack 2.
  • a motion sensor 3, adapted to detect acceleration in a vertical direction x, is mounted on a stationary support element 4 secured to or integral with an element supporting, the wheel axle.
  • the stationary support element 4 may be the axle box of the bearing, or the outer cover of the axle box, or the outer stationary race of the axle bearing, or still a sealing insert mounted on said outer race.
  • the motion sensor 3 preferably includes a piezoelectric accelerometer of known kind associated with an amplifier incorporated in the same body containing the accelerometer.
  • figure 1 there is shown an example where the rolling circumference of the wheel has a flat 5, such that when the wheel turns and passes over the flat it is subjected to a vertical acceleration that is detected by the motion sensor 3; the latter, as a consequence, generates a signal indicative of the motion of the wheel 1 along the vertical axis x.
  • the signal of vertical motion is filtered through hardware and/or software filtering means for eliminating from the signal all the vibration components that are irrelevant and reducing the harmonic content of the signal only to those phenomena that are to be kept under control, i.e. vibration generated by the rolling of the wheel with a non-round profile.
  • the wheel is equipped with a speed sensor 6 associated with an encoder 7 fast for rotation with the axle, for example an impulse wheel of the kind normally used for detecting rotational speed.
  • the speed sensor 6 is mounted on a stationary support element, preferably secured to. or integral with a supporting, element of the wheel axle.
  • the speed sensor 6 is fitted to the stationary outer race of bearing.
  • the encoder 7 has an irregularity, for example a longer tooth or a missing dent, which serves as a reference point of a certain angular position of the wheel and corresponds to a point on the circumference of the wheel .
  • the speed sensor 6 will provide a single pulse or signal at every complete revolution of the wheel .
  • the pulses generated by the speed sensor are supplied to a divider by n the output of which provides a pulse for every n pulses received by the speed sensor.
  • the output speed pulse S or signal supplied l at each complete revolution of the wheel is supplied to an electronic processing unit E (figure 2) that receives also the signal M from the vertical motion sensor 3.
  • the electronic processing unit E correlates two signals M, S using the rotational speed signal or pulse S of the wheel to divide the vertical motion signal M in subsequent time portions or frames, each of which corresponds to a complete revolution of the wheel.
  • the frames are stored in the electronic processing unit E, or in another electronic apparatus connected thereto, forming a plurality of frames such as those represented superimposed in figure 3, where the vertical acceleration to which the wheel is subjected during a complete revolution are reproduced in ordinate. This data collection is carried out continuously over a certain period of time.
  • the final mean not only does not take into account forces due to causes foreign to the wheel, but neither other forces due to possible irregularities of other rotating parts (for example the rollers of the axle bearing) having a speed different from the rotational speed of the wheel .
  • forces due to other rotating parts have frequencies different from that of the wheel and, as they are not synchronised with the rotation of the wheel, they do not affect the final mean.
  • the detection of the vertical motion of the wheel synchronised with the revolution period of the wheel renders irrelevant, in the final mean, the data detected during revolutions in which the wheel has undergone non- repetitive forces, and, more generally, any datum deriving from forces having a frequency different from that of rotation of the wheel.
  • the data collection should obviously be carried out over a period of time sufficiently prolonged as to render anomalous frames statistically irrelevant.
  • the method of the present invention is, in theory, independent of the speed at which the train travels. However, tests carried out by the Applicant show that better results can be achieved when the train travels at a substantially constant speed above 100 km/h.
  • many statistic algorithms may be used, for example calculating the exponential moving mean, the mean value, the mean-square deviation, etc.
  • the above described data collection is carried out for all the wheels of the railway vehicle, whereby it is possible to detect the occurrence of a defect or predict a condition of incipient defect and follow its development with time, also identifying which wheel is being involved.
  • the electronic processing unit E is arranged for automatically emitting an alarm signal A when a preset threshold value identifying a condition of actual or incipient defect is reached or exceeded.
  • the frames so obtained will have a starting point corresponding to that position.
  • the average wave form of a wheel will practically represent a polar diagram of the profile of the wheel, with a precise indication of the location of the defect along the circumference.

Abstract

Capteur de mouvement (3) qui est associé à une roue (1) d'un véhicule sur rails pour produire un signal (M) indicateur du mouvement de la roue le long d'un axe vertical (x). Un capteur de rotation (6) fournit un signal (S) indicateur de la vitesse de rotation de la roue (1). Les signaux de mouvement (M) et de vitesse de rotation (S) sont envoyés à une unité de traitement (E) électronique qui met ces signaux en corrélation à l'aide du signal de vitesse (S) pour diviser le signal de mouvement vertical (M) en parties temporelles subséquentes ou trames, chacune correspondant à une rotation complète de la roue. Une moyenne des parties temporelles successives du signal de mouvement mises en mémoire sur une certaine durée est calculée pour identifier des défauts effectifs ou des amorces de défaut de la roue.
EP01943475A 2000-06-06 2001-06-05 Procede et appareil permettant de detecter des defauts de rondeur sur une roue de vehicule sur rails Withdrawn EP1292479A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO000535 2000-06-06
IT2000TO000535A IT1320400B1 (it) 2000-06-06 2000-06-06 Metodo ed apparecchiatura per rilevare difetti di rotondita'in unaruota di un veicolo ferroviario.
PCT/EP2001/006351 WO2001094175A1 (fr) 2000-06-06 2001-06-05 Procede et appareil permettant de detecter des defauts de rondeur sur une roue de vehicule sur rails

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1292479A1 true EP1292479A1 (fr) 2003-03-19

Family

ID=11457789

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01943475A Withdrawn EP1292479A1 (fr) 2000-06-06 2001-06-05 Procede et appareil permettant de detecter des defauts de rondeur sur une roue de vehicule sur rails

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20030160133A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1292479A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003535755A (fr)
CN (1) CN1446160A (fr)
IT (1) IT1320400B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001094175A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9728016B2 (en) 2014-01-06 2017-08-08 General Electric Company Wheel monitoring system and method

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US7860663B2 (en) 2004-09-13 2010-12-28 Nsk Ltd. Abnormality diagnosing apparatus and abnormality diagnosing method
US7640139B2 (en) 2004-10-18 2009-12-29 Nsk Ltd. Abnormality diagnosing system for mechanical equipment
DE102004054802A1 (de) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-18 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Messung von Eigenschaften eines Rotationskörpers
DE102009020428A1 (de) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-20 Eureka Navigation Solutions Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren für ein Schienenfahrzeug
WO2013162398A1 (fr) * 2012-04-25 2013-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour examiner un contact roue-rail
CN102874278B (zh) * 2012-10-19 2015-01-14 西南交通大学 一种融合车速信息和轴箱垂向加速度信息的车轮扁疤车载检测方法
DE102013006694A1 (de) * 2013-04-18 2014-10-23 Boris Ginzburg Verfahren und Einrichtung für die Bestimmung der Qualität der Lauffläche des Rads eines Schienenbeförderungsmittels
TWI624651B (zh) * 2016-05-24 2018-05-21 王智中 列車車輪異常檢測系統及方法
CN106931929B (zh) * 2017-04-28 2019-06-18 北京锦鸿希电信息技术股份有限公司 基于多瓣轮模型的车轮尺寸检测方法和系统
CN110220726A (zh) * 2019-06-12 2019-09-10 中国神华能源股份有限公司 车轮不圆的检测系统、检测方法
CN110450817A (zh) * 2019-09-11 2019-11-15 上海应用技术大学 轴箱振动的轮径差检测系统和方法
FR3104527B1 (fr) * 2019-12-13 2021-12-24 Alstom Transp Tech Procédé de contrôle de déformation de roue, dispositif associé et système comprenant un tel dispositif
CN111693304B (zh) * 2020-06-19 2021-06-25 西南交通大学 车辆故障检测方法、装置、计算机设备和可读存储介质
WO2022183392A1 (fr) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-09 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 Procédé, dispositif et système de surveillance de circularité de bande de roulement de roue

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US3844513A (en) * 1970-04-22 1974-10-29 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Method and system for detecting wheel flats on rail vehicles
JPS59187241A (ja) * 1983-04-07 1984-10-24 Shinko Electric Co Ltd 車輪フラツトの検出装置
US5433111A (en) * 1994-05-05 1995-07-18 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for detecting defective conditions in railway vehicle wheels and railtracks

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9728016B2 (en) 2014-01-06 2017-08-08 General Electric Company Wheel monitoring system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2003535755A (ja) 2003-12-02
CN1446160A (zh) 2003-10-01
ITTO20000535A1 (it) 2001-12-06
WO2001094175A1 (fr) 2001-12-13
IT1320400B1 (it) 2003-11-26
ITTO20000535A0 (it) 2000-06-06
US20030160133A1 (en) 2003-08-28

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