EP1290304B1 - Scharnier für drehfenster - Google Patents

Scharnier für drehfenster Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1290304B1
EP1290304B1 EP00969704A EP00969704A EP1290304B1 EP 1290304 B1 EP1290304 B1 EP 1290304B1 EP 00969704 A EP00969704 A EP 00969704A EP 00969704 A EP00969704 A EP 00969704A EP 1290304 B1 EP1290304 B1 EP 1290304B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hinge
passageway
guide
guide members
base plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP00969704A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1290304A1 (de
Inventor
John Ballyreagh Industrial Estate COYLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Keystone Lintels Ltd
Original Assignee
Keystone Lintels Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10863185&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1290304(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Keystone Lintels Ltd filed Critical Keystone Lintels Ltd
Publication of EP1290304A1 publication Critical patent/EP1290304A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1290304B1 publication Critical patent/EP1290304B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D9/00—Flaps or sleeves specially designed for making from particular material, e.g. hoop-iron, sheet metal, plastics
    • E05D9/005—Flaps or sleeves specially designed for making from particular material, e.g. hoop-iron, sheet metal, plastics from plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D1/00—Pinless hinges; Substitutes for hinges
    • E05D1/04—Pinless hinges; Substitutes for hinges with guide members shaped as circular arcs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
    • E05D7/08—Hinges or pivots of special construction for use in suspensions comprising two spigots placed at opposite edges of the wing, especially at the top and the bottom, e.g. trunnions
    • E05D7/082—Hinges or pivots of special construction for use in suspensions comprising two spigots placed at opposite edges of the wing, especially at the top and the bottom, e.g. trunnions the pivot axis of the wing being situated at a considerable distance from the edges of the wing, e.g. for balanced wings
    • E05D7/086—Braking devices structurally combined with hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/148—Windows
    • E05Y2900/152—Roof windows

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a hinge for a pivot window, particularly, but not exclusively, a pivot window for installation in an inclined roof.
  • Such hinges have been proposed heretofore and consist of two hinge parts, each hinge part having a base plate for securement respectively to a frame and to a sash of a window. Both plates are intended to be screw fastened to their respective surface with both having at least two spaced spigot pins on their respective reverse face to locate in corresponding socket holes provided in their respective surface.
  • One hinge part has on an obverse face guide means in the form of a part-circular guide having two members with the other hinge part having on its obverse face a slide member adapted to be displaceable in the guide between the two members.
  • the slide member of the other hinge part also defines a tilting axis for sash movement near the closed position with the axis being outside the window thickness.
  • the other hinge part is pivotable with respect to the one hinge part on a hinge pin carried by the slide member and is movable from a position within the window thickness to a position outside said thickness during movement of the sash away from the closed position by swinging around said tilting axis.
  • the slide member is desirably capable of maintaining any position in the guide members corresponding to keeping the window sash in a suitable ventilating position, but also the friction should not be so high that it hampers the opening and closing of the window and causes noticeable wear on the Involved parts, that is on the part circular outside faces of the slide member and the inside faces of the two members of the guide means.
  • a spring segment or blade spring which to a suitable extent urges the opposite side of the slide member against the convex side of the inner guide member.
  • DE-A-20 00 450 relates in its modified embodiment to a hinge (pivot bearer) for pivot windows comprising two hinge parts, each having a base plate for securement respectively to a frame and to a sash of a window, the part of the hinge on the frame having an elongate circular recess having one open end and a closed end and in which a bearer element slides together with the second part of the hinge on the sash, the whole being movable in order to fix the window leaf pivot axis which is outside the window leaf.
  • the parts can be pushed into one another so that they form a telescopic friction bearing.
  • GB-A- 2 334 999 relates to a friction window hinge of three parts, namely a frame part, a vent part and a curved link between the two plates, which link is slidably engagable in a curved guide track provided on each plate. Outward sliding movement is limited by a stop on the link engagable with a projection integrally formed on the frame part. The link is not connected to either part but slides relative thereto on the guide tracks between the limits of movement.
  • An object of the present invention Is to obviate or mitigate the problems described above.
  • the present invention Is a hinge for pivot windows comprising two hinge parts, both hinge parts having a base plate for securement respectively to a frame and to a sash of a window, a first hinge part having on an obverse face guide means of part-circular formation and formed of two spaced guide members defining an arcuate passageway therebetween and a second hinge part having on its obverse face a slide member pivoted at one end thereof and having an arcuate finger, the parts interacting with each other when the other end of the arcuate finger is slidable in and out of the passageway between the two guide members and a guide pin secured to the base plate of the second hinge part is provided to enter the passageway in front of the finger, the two guide members and/or the slide member are all formed of a hard wearing plastics, the guide pin having at least a covering of a resilient material, the pin having a dimension greater than the spacing between the two guide members.
  • the base plate and the two guide members are formed of a plastics material and integrally formed in the first hinge part.
  • the first hinge part has projecting outwardly from a reverse face at least one load-bearing spigot element to locate in a corresponding socket hole provided in a respective surface of a frame of a window to which the hinge is to be secured.
  • At least one load-bearing spigot element is of plastics material and formed integrally with the base plate and guide members in the first hinge part.
  • one side of one guide member bounding the passageway is recessed between two bosses, one at each end of the passageway and an arcuate leaf spring of similar width of the side is positioned thereat, the spring having curved ends, each to clip over a respective boss and be held thereby.
  • one or both guide members may be provided with a slot substantially along their length with the part of the guide member adjacent to the passageway being separated from the plate whereby to provide an additional resilience with that part thereby being made more resilient.
  • the side of each guide member defining the passageway may be provided with a lengthwise series of indentations.
  • a hinge for pivot windows comprises two hinge parts 10, 12. Both hinge parts 10, 12 have a base plate 14, 16 for securement by screw fastenings through screw holes 18 respectively to a frame (not shown) and to a sash of a window (not shown).
  • a first hinge part 10 has on an obverse face guide means of part-circular formation and formed of two spaced guide members 20, 22 defining a passageway 24 therebetween with a second hinge part 12 having on its obverse face a slide member 26 adapted to be displaceable in the passageway 24 of the guide between the two guide members 20, 22.
  • the base plate 14 and/or guide members 20, 22 of the first hinge part 10 are Integrally formed of a hard wearing plastics material.
  • the passageway 24 is a blind slot, the guide members 20, 22 being joined atone end.
  • the first hinge part 10 has on a reverse face two load-bearing, spigot pins 28 to locate in corresponding socket holes (not shown) provided in a respective surface of a frame and of a sash of a window to which the hinge is to be secured, the load-boaring, spigot pins 28 being integrally formed in the first hinge part.
  • a recess 25 is provided in the base plate 16 and a part of the obverse face at one end of guide member is rebated at 23 and a location spud 30 is provided on the base plate 14 adjacent thereto and on the opposed side of the passageway 24.
  • the second hinge part 12 has on a reverse face of the base plate 16 two load-bearing, spigot pins 34 to locate in corresponding socket holes (not shown) provided in a respective surface of a frame and of a sash of a window to which the hinge is to be secured.
  • the base plate 16 of the second hinge part 12 and pins 34 are integrally formed from hard wearing plastics material.
  • the slide member 26 is of substantial C-shape in which the upper part 26A enters the passageway 24 and the outer end of the lower part 26B is pivoted on a hinge pin at 36 to the second hinge part 12. This hinge pin also provides the tilting axis for the hinge.
  • a guide pin 38 is provided to enter the passageway 24 in front of the slide member 26.
  • the guide pin 38 is secured to the base plate 18 of the second hinge part 12 by a fastening through hole 40.
  • the guide pin 38 has at least a covering of a resilient material and a dimension greater than the spacing between the two guide members.
  • a guide plate 32 straddling the passageway 24, is secured to said rebated portion 23 and over said location spud 30.
  • the guide plate 32 serves to retain the slide member 26 in the passageway 24 when displaced therein.
  • Both base plates 14, 16 have integral therewith a mounting block 44 into which a screw fastening (not shown) can be screwed to secure a flashing or waterproof membrane in conventional manner.
  • the slide member 26 is of metal.
  • the second hinge part is of metal, with the mounting block secured thereto.
  • one side of one guide member bounding the passageway 24 is recessed between two bosses 50, one at each end of the passageway 24 and an arcuate leaf spring 52 of similar width of the side is positioned thereat, the spring 52 having curved ends 54 each to clip over a respective boss 50 and be held thereby.
  • one or both guide members 20, 22 are provided with a slot 56 substantially along their arcuate length with the part of one or both guide members adjacent to the passageway 24 being separated at 27 from the plate 14 whereby to provide an additional resilience with that part thereby being made more resilient.
  • the side of one or both guide member 20, 22 defining the passageway 24 is provided with a lengthwise series of smooth curved indentations 58 to provide pre-determined sash open positions.
  • the guide pin 38 is of a resilient material having a dimension greater than the spacing between the two guide members. Entry of the guide pin into the passageway between the guide members results in deformation of the resilient material thus increasing the facial contact and consequently increasing the sliding friction in the passageway.
  • the guide pin 38 is of solid material having an outer covering which is resilient for compression when positioned between the guide members, and capable of having an inherent restoring force when moved out of the guide members, or in connection with the fifth modification when entering the indentations.
  • the guide pin 38 is elongate and is provided with two inwardly curved arms 42 which are positioned as shown in Fig. 3 at the leading end of the guide pin 38 as it enters the passageway 24. The arms 42 are resilient.
  • the resilient material used has hard wearing characteristics on the surfaces to be in contact with the passageway 24.
  • a pair of hinges as described above are fitted, one of he hinges at each side of an inclined window with a first guide plate 10 being fitted to a side component of the window frame and the second guide plate 12 being fitted to a corresponding side of a sash of the window.
  • the window is opened, closed and capable of pivoting about the tilting axis in a conventional manner.
  • a hinge as described above is advantageous over previous proposed hinges in that it does not require lubricating maintenance, is cheaper to manufacture, involves less parts and is more readily assembled than heretofore.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Hinges (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Scharnier für Drehfenster mit zwei Scharnierteilen (10, 12), wobei beide Scharnierteile (10, 12) eine Grundplatte (14, 16) zum Befestigen an einer Zarge bzw. an einem Drehrahmen eines Fensters aufweisen, wobei ein erstes Scharnierteil (10) auf einer Vorderseite Führungsmittel von teilkreisförmiger Gestalt aufweist, die aus zwei voneinander beabstandeten Führungselementen (20, 22) gebildet werden, die zwischen sich einen bogenförmigen Durchgang (24) definieren, und wobei ein zweites Scharnierteil (12) auf seiner Vorderseite ein Gleitelement (26) aufweist, das an einem Ende angelenkt ist und einen bogenförmigen Finger aufweist, wobei die Teile (10, 12) miteinander interagieren, wenn das andere Ende des bogenförmigen Fingers in den und aus dem Durchgang (24) zwischen den zwei Führungselementen (20, 22) gleiten kann und ein Führungsstift (38), der an der Grundplatte (16) des zweiten Scharnierteils (12) befestigt ist, vorhanden ist, der sich vor dem Finger (26) in den Durchgang (24) hineinbewegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zwei Führungselemente (20, 22) und/oder das Gleitelement (26) alle aus einem verschleißbeständigen Kunststoffmaterial hergestellt sind und dass der Führungsstift (38) wenigstens einen Überzug aus einem elastischen Material aufweist und der Führungsstift (38) eine größere Abmessung aufweist als der Abstand zwischen den zwei Führungselementen (20, 22).
  2. Scharnier nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundplatte (14) und die beiden Führungselemente (20, 22) aus einem Kunststoffmaterial bestehen und integral in dem ersten Scharnierteil (10) ausgebildet sind.
  3. Scharnier nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von einer Rückseite des ersten Scharnierteils (10) wenigstens ein lasttragendes Zapfenelement (34) nach außen absteht, das in einem entsprechenden Einsteckloch angeordnet wird, das in einer jeweiligen Oberfläche einer Zarge eines Fensters ausgebildet ist, an der das Scharnier befestigt werden soll.
  4. Scharnier nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das wenigstens eine lasttragende Zapfenelement (28) aus Kunststoffmaterial besteht und integral mit der Grundplatte (14) und den Führungselementen (20, 22) des ersten Scharnierteils (10) ausgebildet ist.
  5. Scharnier nach den Ansprüchen 1, 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei dem zweiten Scharnierteil (12) von einer Rückseite der Grundplatte (16) wenigstens ein lasttragendes Zapfenelement (34) nach außen hervorsteht, das in einem entsprechenden Einsteckloch angeordnet ist, das in einer jeweiligen Oberfläche eines Drehrahmens eines Fensters ausgebildet ist, an der das Scharnier befestigt werden soll.
  6. Scharnier nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Führungselemente (20, 22) an einem Ende miteinander verbunden sind.
  7. Scharnier nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Eingang zu dem Durchgang (24) ein Teil der Vorderseite eines Endes eines der beiden Führungselemente (20, 22) zurückgesetzt ist und ein Positionierungspassstück (30) auf der Grundplatte 14 dort daneben angeordnet ist.
  8. Scharnier nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Durchgangs (24) eine Führungsplatte (32), die den Durchgang (24) überspannt und die beiden Führungselemente (20, 22) verbindet, an dem zurückgesetzten Abschnitt (23) und über dem Positionierungspassstück (30) befestigt ist, wobei die Führungsplatte (32) dazu dient, den Finger (26) für eine Gleitbewegung in dem Durchgang (24) zu halten, wenn er sich darin befindet.
  9. Scharnier nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Finger (26) im Wesentlichen eine C-Form hat, wobei der obere Teil (26A) in den Durchgang (24) eintritt und das äußere Ende des unteren Teils (26B) an dem zweiten Scharnierteil (12) angelenkt ist.
  10. Scharnier nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Führungsstift (38) mittels eines Befestigungsmittels an der Basisplatte (16) des zweiten Scharnierteils (12) befestigt ist.
  11. Scharnier nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Führungsstift (38) länglich ist und mit zwei einwärts gekrümmten elastischen Armen (42) versehen ist, die am vorderen Ende des Führungsstifts (38) positioniert sind, wenn er sich in den Durchgang (24) hineinbewegt.
  12. Scharnier nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Führungsstift (38) aus einem massiven Material besteht und mit einem elastischen Überzug versehen ist.
  13. Scharnier nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Führungsstift (38) aus einem elastischen Material besteht.
  14. Scharnier nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Seite eines Führungselements, das den Durchgang (24) begrenzt, zwischen zwei Vorsprüngen (50) mit Ausnehmungen versehen, wobei ein Vorsprung an jedem Ende des Durchgangs (24) angeordnet ist und eine bogenförmige Blattfeder (52) von ähnlicher Breite wie die Seite daran angeordnet ist, wobei die Feder (52) gekrümmte Enden (54) aufweist, die über einen jeweiligen Vorsprung (50) geschnappt und durch diesen gehalten werden.
  15. Scharnier nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein oder beide Führungselemente (20, 22) mit einem Schlitz (56) im Wesentlichen entlang ihrer Länge versehen sind, wobei der Teil des Führungselements neben dem Durchgang (24) von der Platte (14) getrennt ist, um eine zusätzliche Elastizität zu verleihen, wodurch dieser Teil elastischer wird.
  16. Scharnier nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Seite eines oder beider Führungselemente (20, 22), die den Durchgang (24) definieren, mit einer der Länge nach angeordneten Reihe von Vertiefungen (56) versehen ist.
EP00969704A 1999-10-22 2000-10-23 Scharnier für drehfenster Revoked EP1290304B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9925007 1999-10-22
GBGB9925007.8A GB9925007D0 (en) 1999-10-22 1999-10-22 Hinge for pivot window
PCT/GB2000/004073 WO2001031155A1 (en) 1999-10-22 2000-10-23 Hinge for pivot windows

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1290304A1 EP1290304A1 (de) 2003-03-12
EP1290304B1 true EP1290304B1 (de) 2009-04-01

Family

ID=10863185

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00969704A Revoked EP1290304B1 (de) 1999-10-22 2000-10-23 Scharnier für drehfenster

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1290304B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE427403T1 (de)
AU (1) AU7936000A (de)
DE (1) DE60041929D1 (de)
GB (2) GB9925007D0 (de)
WO (1) WO2001031155A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2342410B1 (de) * 2008-07-11 2016-09-07 Fakro PP Spolka Z O.O. Scharnierbefestigung und vertärkung für einen hölzernen dachfensterrahmen
WO2022255690A1 (ko) * 2021-05-31 2022-12-08 (주)세고스 멀티링크 힌지

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2795390Y (zh) * 2004-07-02 2006-07-12 Vkr控股公司 铰链装置
SI1612352T1 (sl) * 2004-07-02 2007-06-30 Vkr Holding As Zgibni okov za nihajno okno
PL213375B1 (pl) * 2006-07-19 2013-02-28 Fakro Pp Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Zawias do okna dachowego ze skrzydlem obrotowym
PL215150B1 (pl) * 2006-07-24 2013-10-31 Fakro Pp Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Zawias do okna dachowego ze skrzydlem obrotowym i sposób osadzania zawiasu w oknie dachowym, zwlaszcza wykonanym z ksztaltowników wielokomorowych z tworzywa sztucznego
EP2339103A3 (de) * 2009-12-22 2014-04-23 VKR Holding A/S Scharnier für Drehflügelfenster
PL219016B1 (pl) 2011-12-20 2015-02-27 Fakro Pp Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością Zatrzaskowy łącznik do montażu elementu osłonowego skrzydła okna dachowego
DK178344B1 (en) * 2013-02-01 2015-12-21 Vkr Holding As A pivot hinge fitting with engagement means and a roof window comprising a set of such pivot hinge fittings
PL3486413T3 (pl) * 2017-11-21 2024-06-17 Vkr Holding A/S Zawiasa obrotowa o ulepszonych właściwościach ciernych
EP4215707A1 (de) * 2022-01-19 2023-07-26 Keylite Roof Windows Limited Scharnier für ein dachfenster

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1114723B (de) * 1956-05-16 1961-10-05 Atvidabergs Butiksinredningar Lager fuer um eine mittlere waagerechte Achse um 180íÒ schwingbare Fluegel von Fenstern od. dgl.
SE330249B (de) * 1969-01-08 1970-11-09 Foerenade Tak Ab
DE8330571U1 (de) * 1983-10-25 1984-02-16 Meeth, Ernst Josef, 5562 Wallscheid Schwinglager fuer dachflaechenfenster o. dgl.
DK161394C (da) * 1988-10-13 1991-12-09 Rasmussen Kann Ind As Haengselbeslag til vippevinduer, navnlig skraat indbyggede tagvinduer
DK161395C (da) 1988-10-13 1991-12-09 Rasmussen Kann Ind As Haengselbeslag til vippevinduer, navnlig skraat indbyggede tagvinduer
DE4320322A1 (de) * 1992-06-19 1993-12-23 Spinel D O O Scharniereinrichtung für ein Dachflächenfenster
DK176024B1 (da) * 1997-11-11 2005-12-19 Vkr Holding As Hængselbeslag til et vippevindue
GB2334999B (en) * 1998-03-05 2001-06-13 Jurras Ltd Improvements in or relating to hinges

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2342410B1 (de) * 2008-07-11 2016-09-07 Fakro PP Spolka Z O.O. Scharnierbefestigung und vertärkung für einen hölzernen dachfensterrahmen
WO2022255690A1 (ko) * 2021-05-31 2022-12-08 (주)세고스 멀티링크 힌지

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001031155A1 (en) 2001-05-03
GB0205367D0 (en) 2002-04-24
AU7936000A (en) 2001-05-08
EP1290304A1 (de) 2003-03-12
GB2369405A (en) 2002-05-29
DE60041929D1 (de) 2009-05-14
GB9925007D0 (en) 1999-12-22
ATE427403T1 (de) 2009-04-15

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