EP1287878B1 - Apparatus fot treatment of materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for processing materials comprises a stator (17) with toothed rings (20) in a container (10); and a rotor (13) with teeth (28) coaxial around the stator. The teeth interact with the gaps between the toothed rings. The container is sealed with a base (11) and a support insert (19) of the stator is removable in a recess (16) of the base. Preferred Features: Threaded bores (33) are on the base for pressing the support insert into the inner chamber (34) of the container. The toothed rings are removably fixed to the support insert, and each ring has a support ring (30) interacting with a neighboring ring.

Description

The invention relates to a device for processing materials, especially for mixing, kneading, fibrillating, grinding and digesting, with a container having a vertical container space with an upper one Encloses product inlet, a stator with an inner cone or Inner pyramid formed work surface, with around a vertical axis arranged concentric sprockets and a rotor with several Arms that have teeth that are adjacent between the teeth Sprockets grip, leaving an overflow in one above the work surface arranged upper container part is provided

DE 36 41 413 C1 describes a device for processing materials, the trained with an inner cone; equipped with sprockets Stator is provided. With the stator, a rotor cooperates, which of a Hub has protruding arms. Each of these arms carries teeth that fit with the Grasping teeth of the sprockets of the stator. The good to be treated becomes one stage further out in the stator at each rotor revolution transported while an intense shearing action, mixing and Redistribution suspended. The rotor arm and the one above Container space of the standing device arranged allow a permanent material transfer from the inside to the outside and ensure a multiple Working through dry and / or highly viscous substances, so that the device for intensive mixing, kneading, fibrillation, digestion and the like for the industrial production of key operations is outstanding. The standing arrangement of the housing facilitates the falling back of the good of the periphery against the center of the device.

In US-A-3,998,433 is a device for slurrying powdery Material described in water in a mid-level part a horizontal stator with drooping teeth has. Below the stator disc is a horizontal rotor disc with towering teeth arranged, which engage between the teeth of the stator. Of the Product inlet leads into a funnel, which is on the horizontal stator wall sitting. The funnel is located in a space forming the water reservoir. He is rinsed by the water, so that powdery good along with Water is applied to the rotor. The removal of the treated goods takes place through a horizontal channel, which is adjacent to a rotor Annulus is connected.

In US-A-3,283,792 a portable mill is described, which has a rotor with a cone-shaped rotor disk, which on its upper side with teeth is provided. A stator has an inverted frusto-conical bottom with protruding teeth. The top of the stator forms a funnel with one Opening leading to a cone rising from the rotor tip. The invention is based on the object, a device of the type mentioned in the To improve the sense of improving product management.

The solution of this object is achieved according to the invention with the in claim 1 specified characteristics. After that is in the container space above the rotor Leitrichter arranged whose centric funnel opening a smaller Diameter has as the rotor. The funnel directs that from above to the Stator / rotor hopper moving material to the center of the container and holds thus the good in the effective range of the tools. It also ensures that the good gets near the axis into the effective range of the tools, where it rises the inner cone of the stator under machining by the teeth of stator and Rotor is moved outwards. The hopper guides the product in the near-axis region of the device in the effective range of the device.

Preferably, the funnel opening extends in the vertical direction into the rotor in, that is, in that area, that of the rotor arms is circumscribed. This means that the inner Opening of the funnel is lower than the upper edges of the Arms of the rotor.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention is provided that the hopper has an outer surface, the less is steep than the inner surface. The outer surface or lower surface of the funnel causes in cooperation with the Internal taper surface of the stator forming an annulus, in which stagnates the outward-pressing product. In connection This product congestion is followed by product expansion due to the then increasing diameter. Such a design of the umpire promotes the redistribution and mixing of the Material in the effective range of the tools.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the Rotor has a towering from a hub stub shaft, which carries a feed screw. The feed screw promotes that Product on its way from top to bottom and generates one additional pressure in the central area of the container. The feed screw is particularly suitable for processing difficult-flowing Products and tougher pastes. The diameter of the feed screw should be expediently slightly larger than that Diameter of the funnel opening.

The device according to the invention is also suitable for wet milling of materials. Made by the cooperating sprockets a Vorenergieeintrag in the introduced from above into the container Material with simultaneous heat dissipation through the Casing.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention is the Container with a bottom wall finished, in which a Recording for a the carrier wheels supporting the sprockets Stators is located. The carrier insert is removable in the receptacle arranged. For the purpose of cleaning or maintenance can the carrier insert in its entirety towards the container interior be removed from the bottom wall, after previously the rotor was removed. The stator can then be dismantled and it is available for cleaning, overhaul or maintenance. It is not necessary to disassemble the entire container. Rather, the container must only be opened, to gain access to the tray. this happens by removing a lid of the container. The bottom wall is integral part of the container and does not need to be removed too become. When removed carrier insert and the container can be subjected to cleaning and maintenance.

It is possible to use the stator with carrier insert and sprockets to replace and replace with a new stator, For example, if the sprockets worn or damaged are.

In addition, the sprockets on the carrier insert can be removed be attached, with each individual ring gear of the stator can be removed from the carrier body and replaced. As a result, in particular in the case of a tooth fracture repair work much simpler and cheaper, because only the defective sprocket must be replaced.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention each arm of the rotor from a carrier strip and a so Matching toothed rack made of carbide. The carrier strip and the rack grasp fit, i. a form fit, into each other, either the carrier strip or the Rack the encompassing part and the other component represents the inner part of the Zusammengriffs. Thereby is achieved that the rack and the support bar respectively along a surface pressed against each other, causing the driving force applied when rotating the rotor distributed an area. As is well known carbide is a brittle Material that has low resistance to tensile stresses and has bending stresses. By the invention is achieved that in the rack no major tensile or bending stresses occur. Such stresses occur only in the carrier strip on, which consist of a steel of high tensile strength can.

Another advantage is that the rack in different Orientations assembled with the carrier strip can be. When turning the rotor in a first Direction of rotation then the leading edges of the teeth Rack are worn, the operation of the device continue when the rotation in a second direction of rotation takes place, which is opposite to the first direction of rotation is. In this way, a better exploitation of the very expensive Given carbide rack.

An embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings the invention explained in more detail.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht der Vorrichtung von Figur 1,

Fig. 3

in vergrößertem Maßstab einen Längsschnitt durch den unteren Bereich des Behälters, die Abdichtung des Wellendurchgangs und die Lagerung der Welle,

Fig. 4

eine noch stärker vergrößerte schematische Darstellung des unteren Behälterbereichs mit Stator und Rotor sowie dem Leittrichter und der Zufuhrschnecke,

Fig. 5

eine Unteransicht des Rotors, teilweise geschnitten, und

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie VI-VI des Rotors.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a side view of the device,

Fig. 2

a top view of the device of Figure 1,

Fig. 3

on an enlarged scale a longitudinal section through the lower portion of the container, the sealing of the shaft passage and the bearing of the shaft,

Fig. 4

an even more enlarged schematic representation of the lower tank area with stator and rotor and the hopper and the feed screw,

Fig. 5

a bottom view of the rotor, partially cut, and

Fig. 6

a section along the line VI-VI of the rotor.

The device comprises a container 10, for example has a diameter of 600 mm and standing upright a column 100 is mounted. According to FIG. 1, the column is 100 mounted on a pedestal 101, which with bearing blocks 102 on standing on the ground. On podium 101 are two electric motors 103, 104 mounted with vertical axes. Every electric motor drives a pulley 105, 106 inside the pedestal 101 is arranged. The pulleys 105, 106 over drive Drive belt 107, 108 a pulley 109, with the in the Column 100 mounted shaft of the device is connected.

The container 10 has an upper container part 110 which abuts is closed at its upper end with a lid 111. At the lower end of the container part 110 includes a in Side view trapezoidal transition wall 15 at, in a Bottom wall 11 opens. Below the bottom wall is a Blocking liquid housing 112 to which a supply line and a discharge line for barrier liquid is connected. The Barrier liquid housing 112 is supported by column 100.

The container 10 is supported by vertical posts 113, whose lower ends are fixed on the pedestal 101 and the at wear rubber bumper 114 at its upper end. On the container part 110 support bearings 115 are mounted on the rubber buffers 114th rest, so that the container 10 on the post 113 in a sense is arranged hanging.

As shown in FIG. 2, the container part 110 has a rectangular - or square - plan. Corner regions 120 are formed, which are rounded and each have an angle of 90 degrees, and straight edge portions 121 that the Connect corner areas.

Although in Fig. 2, only the outer shape of the container 10 is shown is, it can be seen that the inner shape of a square Floor plan - with rounded corners - has. Since the distance of Side wall of the container of the rotating inside the container Mixing element varies in the circumferential direction, arise in the corner areas 120 traffic jams, each in a direction towards the center Dissolve material flow. The change from straight edge areas 121 and round corner areas 120 prevents the viscose mass merely rotates in the container space. It arises radially inwardly directed currents that coincide with the rotating flow and thus an intensive mixing cause.

The container part 110 is with the truncated pyramid-shaped lower part 130 detachably connected via a flange 131. To the Holding the flange connection 131 are power clamp 132, which can be opened to dismantle the container.

On the lower part 130 are blind flanges 133 for attachment of measuring instruments. On the outer wall of the container part 110, an overflow 134 is provided.

On the container lid 111 is centrally located a product inlet 136, through which the product to be processed vertically in the container 10 is input. There are also other inlet ports 137 provided filled by the additives can be. Finally, the lid 111 is still a show opening 135 attached. An access opening is with an in Cover 111 arranged door 138 closed (Fig. 2).

In Fig. 3, the column 100 is passing through it Shaft 12 shown. The shaft is with bearings 150, 151 in the Pillar 100 stored. The passage of the shaft 12 through the bottom wall 11 is sealed by a seal 22. The seal 22 has an inlet 152 and an outlet 153 for sealing fluid on.

Through the bottom wall 11 of the housing 10, a channel 154 extends to a terminal 155 for the emptying. Through the channel 154 becomes liquid, which is the lowest point of the container space 50 drops, discharged from the container space.

As is apparent from FIGS. 3 and 4, the bottom wall 11 a circumferential upstanding edge 14 on which the oblique transition wall 15 of the container 10 is attached. The Bottom wall 11 defines together with its edge 14 an annular Recording 16, in which an annular stator 17 is arranged is. The stator 17 has an inner cone or inner pyramid trained work surface 18. Half the ring cross-section of the Stator 17 is generally in the shape of a right triangle, wherein the working surface 18 forms the hypotenuse. The stator 17 consists of an annular support insert 19, fitting in the receptacle 16 is included, and several along the work surface 18 arranged sprockets 20th to the inside the receptacle 16 is bounded by an inner ring insert 21, the sealed with the seal 22 shaft passage the shaft 12 forms. At the outer periphery is the carrier insert 19 with an annular seal 23 against the peripheral wall the receptacle 16 sealed. At the inner circumference is the Carrier insert with two annular seals 24, 24 'and 25 against the receptacle 16 inwardly bounding inner ring insert 21 sealed. This will prevent that the mass to be treated penetrates behind the carrier insert 19. At the outer periphery of the carrier insert 19 with another annular seal 24 'against the edge 14 of the bottom wall eleventh sealed.

The rotor 13 has a shaft 26 mounted on the hub 26 and a plurality of radially projecting arms 27 on. The arms 27 carry downwardly directed teeth 29, which with teeth 28 of the sprockets 20 of the stator. The teeth 28 are from each of the sprockets 20 upwards. The teeth 29 of the rotor 13 engage in the tooth spaces between the sprockets 20 of the Stators 17. In the circumferential direction are the teeth 28 of each Sprocket 20 spaced.

The teeth 28 and 29 are made of wear-resistant material, in particular of hard metal. In the stator 17 are the Carrier rings 30 with their integrally molded teeth 28th made of tungsten carbide.

Trained as an inner cone working surface 18 of the stator 17th settles outwards with essentially the same cone angle in the transition surface 33 of the transition wall 15, so that the good that has passed through the teeth 28,29, along the work surface 18 and the transition surface 33 pressed up and out becomes. As shown in FIG. 6, each arm 27 of the rotor 13 a carrier strip 53 of generally U-shaped cross section. The carrier strip 53 includes on its oblique bottom a longitudinal groove 54 of rectangular cross-section, in which a Rack 55 is sitting. The carrier strip 53 is made of high-strength Steel, while the rack 55 is made of hard metal. Of the Back of the rack 55 fills the groove 54 completely with closer Fit. The teeth 29 are located at the out of the groove 54th outstanding part of the rack 55.

In addition, the rack 55 is fixed with screws 56, the through holes 57 of the support bar 53 inserted therethrough are and their threads in a threaded insert 58, which in the Rack 55 is sunk, are screwed. The threaded insert 58 is made of steel and is soldered into the rack 55. By loosening the screws 56, evenly spaced are provided along an arm 27, the Rack 55 are dismantled.

It is possible to replace individual racks 55, if one or more teeth are damaged. For this purpose can the rotor 13 is disassembled from the shaft 12 and to the container interior deducted.

During operation of the device wear in the direction of rotation front edges of the teeth 29 particularly strong. With a wear the front edges of the teeth, the rack 55 is made its carrier strip 53 taken out and in the reversed state be reused, now the earlier leading edges facing back, the drive of the shaft 12, the reversible is set to the opposite rotation and the rotor 13 is operated in the opposite direction of rotation. Thereby Both the teeth of the rotor 13 and those can of the stator 17 are used twice. The exploitation of the expensive Carbide is thereby improved.

The carrier rings 30 of the stator 17, the oblique working surface 18 form, overlap each other in such a way that each one outer carrier ring the adjacent inner carrier ring smaller diameter partially covered and in the relevant Recess of the carrier insert 19 holds down. Of the outermost ring 30a, which the adjacent inner support ring 30th holds, is made of stainless steel and is formed without teeth. He is held by a screw on the carrier insert 19. The outer ring 30a thus forms the blocking element for all carrier rings 30.

The carrier insert 19 can be removed from the receptacle 16 become. This is done by (not shown) pressing screws, screwed into threaded holes 60 of the bottom wall 11 and against the underside of the carrier insert 19 to press. Overall, for example, four threaded holes 60th arranged evenly distributed in the bottom wall 11 for pressing screws. By turning the push-in screws evenly the carrier insert 19 is pushed up into the container space 50. Before this happens, of course, the rotor 13 must be removed. This is done by loosening the screw 61, the rotor 13th on the shaft 12 holds. To gain access to the screw 61, is the plug 41 from the stub shaft 40th unscrewed.

After the stator 17 is taken out of the container 10, Each individual ring gear 20 can be detached from the carrier insert 19 become. For this purpose, each ring gear 20 is inside the carrier insert a threaded bore 68 assigned (Fig. 3), in the a push-in screw sits. The push screws are from the bottom the carrier insert 19 is accessible for turning and they can be turned to the respective sprocket 20 off to push out the relevant recess of the carrier insert 19. It is thus possible, each of the sprockets 20 individually replaced. To hold the stator 17 in the receptacle 16 Serve screws 70 through the bottom wall 11 therethrough are screwed into the carrier insert 19. To release the carrier insert the retaining screws 70 can be loosened.

Inside the container 10, a hopper 34 is at a distance mounted by the transition wall 15. The hopper 34 has a funnel-shaped inner surface 35, which in a funnel opening 36 opens at the lower end of the funnel. The funnel opening 36 projects into the limited by the arms 27 of the rotor Space from the top in and it has a smaller diameter as the rotor 13. The funnel opening 36 concentrated the stuffing from the top into the container and nachrückende material to the area of the hub 26, ie to the middle area. There The material enters between the arms 27 of the rotor 13 and passes in the tooth area.

The hopper 34 has an outer surface 37, the less is steep than the inner surface 35. This has the funnel 34 an increasing diameter with increasing diameter. The Outer surface 37 forms together with the transition surface 33 a Annular gap 38 in extension of the arms 27 of the rotor 13. The Height of the annular gap 38 decreases towards the outside. By doing Annular gap 38 accumulates the promoted outward Good, so that the promotion by the teeth 28,29 opposed to a resistance becomes. As a result, the shear, grinding and mixing effect of Teeth reinforced.

The hub 26 is in extension of the shaft 12 with a towering Stub shaft 40 provided, which is tubular and with a closure 41 is closed. The stub shaft 40 carries a feed screw 42 of one to two courses. The feed screw promotes upon rotation of the driven shaft 12 in Direction from top to bottom, so the hub 26 out. The diameter the feed screw 42 is slightly larger than the diameter the funnel opening 36. The feed screw 42 generates a increased pressure in the center, ie around the rotor 13 around.

Claims (17)

1. A device for processing materials, in particular for mixing, kneading, fibrillating, grinding and disintegrating, comprising a container (10) with a vertical container chamber (50) having a product inlet (136) at the top, a stator (17) having a working surface (18) formed as an inner cone or an inner pyramid with concentric gear rings (20) arranged about a vertical axis, and a rotor (13) with a plurality of arms (27) with teeth (29) engaging between the teeth (28) of adjacent gear rings (20), an overflow (134) being provided in an upper container portion (110) above the working surface (18),
   characterized in that a guiding funnel (34) is arranged in the container chamber (50) above the rotor (13), the funnel opening (36) thereof having a smaller diameter than the rotor (13), said funnel, together with a transition surface (33) adjoining the working surface (18), forming an annular gap (38) for the passage of the processed material.
2. The device of claim 1, characterized in that the funnel opening (36) protrudes into the rotor (13).
3. The device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guiding funnel (34) has an outer surface (37) that is less steep than the inner surface (35).
4. The device of one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the outer surface (37) of the guiding funnel (34), together with an inclined bottom surface (33) of the container (10), forms an annular gap (38) piling up the material flow.
5. The device of one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the rotor (13) has a shaft stub (40) projecting upward from a hub (26) and bearing a feed screw (42).
6. The device of one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the container (10) is closed by a bottom wall (11) and that a carrier insert (19) of the stator (17) carrying the gear rings (20) is removably arranged in a receptacle (16) of the bottom wall (11).
7. The device of claim 6, characterized in that the bottom wall (11) is provided with threaded bores (60) for pushing screws serving to push the carrier insert (19) into the container chamber (50).
8. The device of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that seals (24, 24') are provided at the inner and outer circumferences of the carrier insert (19) between the receptacle (16) and the carrier insert (19), which seals prevent material from entering beneath the carrier insert (19).
9. The device of one of claims 6-8, characterized in that the gear rings (20) are fastened to the carrier insert (19) such that they can be taken out.
10. The device of claim 9, characterized in that each gear ring (20) has a carrier ring (30) and that a respective carrier ring (30) overlaps and holds down an adjacent carrier ring (30).
11. The device of claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the carrier insert (19) is provided with threaded bores (68) for pushing screws adapted to push out the individual gear rings (20).
12. The device of one of claims 6-11, characterized in that the stator (17) has an inner annular insert (21) fastened to the bottom wall (11) separate of the carrier insert (19) and defining the receptacle (16).
13. The device of one of claims 1-12, characterized in that each arm (27) of the rotor (13) consists of a support bar (53) and a meshing toothed rack (55) of hard metal.
14. The device of claim 13, characterized in that the support bar (53) comprises a longitudinally extending channel (54) into which the toothed rack (55) is removably inserted.
15. The device of claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the toothed rack (55) has a threaded insert (58) and is fastened to the support bar (53) by a screw (56).
16. The device of one of claims 1-15, characterized in that the drive of the rotor (13) is reversible.
17. The device of one of claims 1-16, characterized in that the container chamber (50) of the container (10) has a polygonal plan shape such that the corner portions (120) that are spaced farther from the rotor (13) alternate with edge portions (121) that are spaced less far from the rotor.

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