EP1282987A2 - Structure de communication pour liaisons multiplexes - Google Patents

Structure de communication pour liaisons multiplexes

Info

Publication number
EP1282987A2
EP1282987A2 EP01931292A EP01931292A EP1282987A2 EP 1282987 A2 EP1282987 A2 EP 1282987A2 EP 01931292 A EP01931292 A EP 01931292A EP 01931292 A EP01931292 A EP 01931292A EP 1282987 A2 EP1282987 A2 EP 1282987A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shared channel
dedicated
channel
channels
bandwidth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01931292A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
W. Martin c/o Soma Networks Inc. SNELGROVE
Frank M. c/o Soma Networks Inc. VAN HEESWYK
Frank c/o Soma Networks Inc. KSCHISCHANG
Mark James c/o Soma Networks Inc. FRAZER
Ramesh c/o Soma Networks Inc. MANTHA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soma Networks Inc
Original Assignee
Soma Networks Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soma Networks Inc filed Critical Soma Networks Inc
Publication of EP1282987A2 publication Critical patent/EP1282987A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a communication structure and method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a communication structure and method for transmitting data, which can include both voice data and non-voice, "pure" data, over a multiplexed link.
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • users were provided a point-to-point connection to other users through switchboards, switches and trunks.
  • the PSTN has employed multiplexed lines that are shared, through at least some part of the network, by multiple users, but which still provide a fixed amount of bandwidth and network capacity to each user for their voice data connection, these bandwidth and network capacities being selected as meeting the anticipated maximum requirements for a common telephone voice conversation, which requirements are typically referred to as toll quality.
  • Connectionless systems generally operate on a best effort and/or statistical basis to deliver data via a suitable, but not necessarily fixed, route between the users, at best effort transmission rates and/or error rates.
  • An example of a connectionless system is a packet network such as the Internet, which employs the Internet Protocol (IP), and wherein the network capacity is shared amongst the users.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • VoIP Voice over IP
  • RSVP ReSerVation Protocol
  • QoS quality of service
  • RSVP does not typically result in an efficient usage of network capacity as the maximum anticipated bandwidth and/or network capacity requirements must be reserved for the duration of the virtual connection, even if they are not used, or are not used continuously. Thus, in many circumstances, reserved network resources are sitting idle, or are under utilized, for some portion of time. Further, RSVP does not include any incentive mechanism by which applications/users are encouraged to only make effective use of network resources, i.e. - unreasonable requests for resources can be made by a user or application resulting in poor network efficiencies as there are generally no economic or other disincentives for not doing so. Such difficulties are exacerbated when the links on which the network, or a portion of the network, is implemented involve a multiplexed link of expensive and/or limited bandwidth.
  • multiplex and/or “multiplexed link” are intended to comprise any system or method by which a link is shared to make multiple connections amongst users.
  • multiplexed links include wired or wireless links employing multiplexing systems such as TDMA, CDMA, OFDM, FDMA or other arrangements.
  • a specific prior art example of a communication system providing digital voice transmission over a multiplexed wireless link is a PCS (Personal Communication System) cellular system.
  • PCS Personal Communication System
  • Such systems can employ a multiplexing technique such as CDMA, TDMA, hybrid systems such as GSM, or other strategies to allow multiple callers to share the wireless link between the cellular base station and the PCS mobile units in both the upstream (mobile to base station) and downlink (base station to mobile) directions.
  • CDMA-based IS-95 cellular system in use in North America, South Korea and Japan. While IS-95 based systems, or the like, have been very successful at handling voice communications, attempts to provide pure data services over such systems have experienced less success.
  • a communications structure for communicating between at least one network node and at least two subscriber stations through a multiplexed link, said structure comprising: a plurality of dedicated channels, each dedicated channel having allocated to it a • portion of the transmission capacity of said link to provide communication between said network node and one of said at least two subscriber stations; and a shared channel having allocated to it a portion of the transmission capacity of said link and wherein said shared channel is operable to transmit frames of data packets from said network node to said at least two subscriber stations.
  • a method of transmitting data from a network node to a plurality of subscriber stations over a multiplexed link comprising the steps of:
  • a method of managing a transmission structure for transmitting data from a network node to a plurality of subscriber stations over a multiplexed link comprising the steps of:
  • the present invention provides a communication structure and method to allow connection-like and connectionless communications to be provided on a multiplexed communication link.
  • the structure and method can make efficient use of available bandwidth and/or network resources while providing both types of communication.
  • Connection-like communications can be provided by a dedicated channel having allocated bandwidth dedicated to the communication while connectionless communication can be provided by a shared channel through which data can be transmitted to users.
  • the shared channel transmits frames of packets addressed to the users.
  • the allocation of bandwidth between the dedicated channels and the shared channel can be fixed, or can be managed to meet network or network operator requirements.
  • the structure and method can also be managed by the network operator to permit prioritization of some communications over others.
  • Figure 1 shows a wireless local loop system employing a multiplexed radio link
  • Figure 2 shows a prior art communication structure
  • Figure 3 shows a communication structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figures 4a and 4b show the structure of Figure 3 wherein the numbers of dedicated channels are changed to vary the allocation of bandwidth between a shared channel and dedicated channels
  • Figure 5a shows an example of the structure of Figure 3 wherein a minimum bandwidth allocation has been defined for the shared channel
  • Figure 5b shows the structure of Figure 5a when an additional dedicated channel has been created and the bandwidth of the shared channel has been decreased accordingly
  • Figure 5c shows the structure of Figure 5a when the shared channel is reduced to its selected minimum level and the remainder of the bandwidth of the system has been allocated to assigned dedicated channels
  • Figure 6 shows the structure of Figure 3 wherein two shared channels are provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wireless local loop (WLL) system, indicated generally at 20.
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • System 20 includes at least one network node, such as base station 24, which is connected to one or more networks, such as the PSTN and/or the Internet, and/or to one or more other base stations 24, via a back haul 28.
  • Backhaul 28 can be any suitable communication link examples of which include, without limitation, Tl, T3, El, E3, OC3, radio or microwave links.
  • Each base station 24 communicates with a plurality of subscriber stations 32 via a multiplexed radio link 52 shared between subscriber stations 32.
  • each subscriber station 32 can provide simultaneous connections to at least one telephony device 36, such as a telephone set or facsimile machine, and a data device 48 such as a computer, personal digital assistant, etc.
  • Radio link 52 employs a suitable multiplexing technique, such as TDMA, FDMA, OFDM, CDMA, hybrids thereof or other multiplexing techniques to allow simultaneous use of radio link 52 by base station 24 and more than one subscriber station 32. These multiplexing techniques can be used to "channelize” and/or otherwise share radio link 52.
  • a base station can assign the usage of a portion of a radio link to a subscriber station, on an as-needed basis.
  • the radio link is channelized into sixty-four channels in the downlink direction from the base station to the subscriber station. Some of these channels are dedicated for control and signaling purposes between the base station and subscriber stations, and the balance form a pool of traffic channels, one or more of which can be assigned as needed, to communicate with a subscriber station.
  • the IS-95 communication system suffers from certain disadvantages.
  • the channels are of fixed pre-selected data rate (e.g.
  • a traffic channel is reserved for the duration of the connection, even if the connection is not presently using the link resources (bandwidth and/or code space, etc.) allocated to the channel. It is not unusual that a voice conversation includes relatively long pauses wherein no information is transmitted and channel bandwidth is essentially wasted (although in CDMA, this results in a desirable reduction in interference between users).
  • connectionless services When connectionless services are considered, this problem is much worse as transmissions of pure data to a data device, such as a computer, can comprise one or only a few packets that typically arrive in bursts, rather than at a steady rate.
  • a channel established for such a connectionless service will therefore typically not use a large part of its allocated link resources, yet these unused resources are reserved for the duration of that connection and are unavailable for use elsewhere in the system until the channel is freed.
  • the time and or network processing requirements for establishing a channel can be unreasonable for short bursts of packets and, in general, do not make efficient use of link resources.
  • Figure 2 shows a prior art downlink (from base station to users) structure 100 for the radio-link used in IS-95 CDMA systems.
  • Structure 100 represents the bandwidth available which typically is arranged into as many as sixty-four channels.
  • Channels 104, 108 and 112 are control channels used to establish and maintain communications with users.
  • channel 104 can be the IS-95 pilot channel
  • channel 108 the IS-95 paging channel
  • channel 112 the IS-95 synchronization channel.
  • Additional, different or fewer control channels can be employed that, for example, are transmitted to all (typically mobile) users.
  • Channels 116 i through 116( X ) are the 'x' traffic channels which carry user (non-control) data between base station and the users.
  • traffic channels 116 all have the same data rate, while in IS-95B, the data rate of channels 104 through 116( X) can be varied, resulting in different total numbers of channels. It is important to note that structure 100 is essentially part of a connection-based system, in that a traffic channel 116, and its associated resources, are allocated to a user for the duration of a communication and provide a fixed amount of bandwidth, and or data rate, for the duration of the connection.
  • FIG. 3 shows a structure 200 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention which can be used, for example, as a downlink radio structure with WLL system 20 in Figure 1.
  • some portion 206 of the total available bandwidth 204 is allocated to one or more control channels (such as 208, 212 and 216) and the remaining portion 220 of bandwidth 204 is allocated between a shared channel 224 and 'n' dedicated channels, 228 ( i ) through 228 (n) .
  • control channels such as 208, 212 and 216
  • the remaining portion 220 of bandwidth 204 is allocated between a shared channel 224 and 'n' dedicated channels, 228 ( i ) through 228 (n) .
  • bandwidth is intended to comprise the transmission capacity of a link.
  • transmission capacity can be allocated to users as frequency bands, spreading code space, time slots, transmission rates or other link resources as will be apparent to those of skill in the art and the term bandwidth is intended to comprise all of these, as appropriate.
  • shared channel 224 is a broadcast channel in that several, or all, subscriber stations
  • Each assembled frame is transmitted from base station 24 via shared channel 224, over radio link 52, to subscriber stations 32 and each subscriber station 32 receives the transmitted frame and examines the packets therein to identify those, if any, which are addressed to it. Packets addressed to a subscriber station 32 are then processed accordingly by the addressed subscriber station 32.
  • a transmission frame is ten milliseconds in length and it is intended that the construction and transmission of frames is performed on an on going basis, with a frame being constructed and readied for transmission while the preceding frame is being transmitted.
  • each subscriber station 32 will continuously listen for and receive shared channel 224 and thus the time and/or network overhead processing requirements which would otherwise be required to establish a connection to a subscriber station 32 is avoided after a subscriber station 32 is in a normal operating mode (achieved as part of the normal power-up of each subscriber station 32). I-n this manner, even small amounts of data (such as single packets) can be transferred from base station 24 to subscriber stations 32 in an efficient manner as no setup is specifically required for transmission of a packet to a subscriber station 32 and no reservation of bandwidth is required.
  • a dedicated channel 228 can be established, as needed, between base station 24 and a subscriber station 32.
  • Dedicated channels 228 can be similar to the traffic channels of IS-95 and have a fixed data rate, or they can be allocated to provide different data rates as desired to, for example, enable voice communication at different qualities, e.g. - toll level quality (at 16 kilobits per second (kbps)) versus CD-Audio level quality (at 128 kbps).
  • dedicated channels 228 effectively reserve bandwidth to provide connection-like service levels for a connection from base station 24 to a subscriber station 32.
  • hybrid connections can be established which employ both shared channel 224 and one or more dedicated channels 228.
  • a connection which has a relatively fixed 'normal' data rate and requires low latency, but which also experiences infrequent bursts to a higher data rate, can be assigned a dedicated channel 228 sufficient for transmitting at the 'normal' data rate and any bursts can be transmitted by shared channel 224 and addressed to the appropriate subscriber station 32.
  • shared channel 224 can be used to implement both connection-like and connectionless services.
  • the present invention is not limited to dedicated channels 228 providing connection-like services or shared channels 224 providing connection-less services and many suitable strategies for advantageously employing the structure of the present invention will occur to those of skill in the art.
  • bandwidth portion 220 is managed to allocate bandwidth between shared channel 224 and dedicated channels 228.
  • bandwidth portion 220 which could be enough bandwidth (expressed in this example as data rates) for fifty- four IS-95A traffic channels (fifty-four times ninety-six hundred kbps equals five-hundred and eighteen-point-four kbps), has been allocated to create forty-one dedicated channels 228 of ninety- six-hundred kbps (three-hundred and ninety-three-point-six kbps in total) and to allocate the balance of bandwidth portion 220 (one-hundred and twenty-four-point-eight kbps), to shared channel 224.
  • structure 200 can be configured with a fixed amount of bandwidth allocated to shared channel 224 and the remaining bandwidth allocated to a fixed number of dedicated channels 228, it is contemplated that bandwidth portion 220 will be actively managed in many circumstances.
  • bandwidth portion 220 By actively managing the allocation of bandwidth portion 220 between shared channel 224 and dedicated channels 228, the operator of structure 200 can meet goals appropriate to the needs of their users and/or make efficient use of the bandwidth available to them. For example, an operator can decide to prioritize providing dedicated channels 228 for voice communications over providing higher data rates on shared channel 224.
  • a minimum bandwidth allocation will be selected for shared channel 224, for example bandwidth equivalent to a data rate of fifty kbps.
  • This minimum allocation can be defined by an operator according to the service commitments shared channel 224 must meet and the number of subscriber stations 32 that channel 224 must serve. Shared channel 224 is then always allocated at least this defined minimum amount of bandwidth.
  • bandwidth for a minimum number of dedicated channels 228, defined by the network operator will also always be allocated.
  • the remainder of bandwidth portion 220 will then be allocated to shared channel 224. If the network operator has prioritized the provisioning of dedicated channels 228, then when some portion of this remainder of bandwidth is subsequently required to create additional dedicated channels 228, the required bandwidth is de-allocated from shared channel 224 and allocated to the new dedicated channel(s) 228, provided that shared channel 224 is still allocated at least the defined minimum amount of bandwidth. Otherwise, the capacity of structure 200 would be exceeded and the creation of further dedicated channels 228 is inhibited.
  • a pool of a selected number of dedicated channels 228 (a "channel pool") will be allocated in anticipation of future needs.
  • the dedicated channels 228 in the channel pool are allocated bandwidth but are not initially assigned to any subscriber station 32.
  • a new dedicated channel 228 is required by a subscriber station 32, it is assigned one of the dedicated channels 228 in the channel pool, thus avoiding the delay and/or overheads resulting from the reallocation of bandwidth from shared channel 224 to create a new dedicated channel 228.
  • bandwidth cannot be reallocated from shared channel 224, (because, for example, it is at the defined minimum bandwidth), then the channel pool is decreased in the number of channels until an occupied dedicated channel 228 can be freed-up and returned to the channel pool.
  • channel pool contains the defined number of dedicated channels 228, then bandwidth allocated to additional dedicated channels that are no longer required for subscriber use can be reallocated to shared channel 224. It is also contemplated that channel pool can be managed such that both a minimum and maximum number of channels can be specified for the pool, i.e. - the size of the pool can be as small as five channels, before replacement channels are added to the pool and as many as eight channels can be in the pool before bandwidth is reallocated to shared channel 224.
  • FIG. 5 a shows a configuration of structure 200 wherein shared channel 224 has a defined minimum size (indicated in heavy solid line) but has been allocated additional bandwidth (as indicated in thin solid line). Further, in this configuration structure 200 has a channel pool of two dedicated channels 228( a > and 228 ( ) and has four dedicated channels 228 ( D through 228( 4 ) assigned to subscriber stations 32. As shown, when another channel 228 (n ) is to be created, it will be allocated bandwidth from shared channel 224, which is resized accordingly.
  • channel 228 (a ) in this example
  • channel 228 (C) will subsequently be created and placed in the channel pool to replace the assigned channel and the bandwidth allocated to shared channel 224 will be correspondingly decreased.
  • shared channel 224 As the capacity of structure 200 is approached, and shared channel 224 is reduced to its defined minimum bandwidth, unused dedicated channels 228( C ) and 228( b ) (as channels 228( n ) and 228 (n .i ) in the Figure) will be assigned to subscribers, as required, and no new dedicated channels 228 will be created, allowing the channel pool to become empty, as shown in Figure 5c. It is also contemplated that more than one shared channel 224 can be provided, if desired, in bandwidth portion 220. I-n such a case, as shown in Figure 6, each shared channel 224a and 224b will result in corresponding decreases in bandwidth available to dedicated channels 228 or other shared channels 224.
  • shared channels 224a and 224b can have different amounts of bandwidth allocated to them.
  • the allocation of bandwidth to shared channels 224 and dedicated channels 228 can be fixed, or can be managed as described above.
  • shared channels 224a and 224b can have their allocated bandwidths increased, or decreased, accordingly as the number of dedicated channels 228 increases or decreases and/or as the bandwidth allocated to the other shared channel 224 is increased or decreased.
  • One reason for providing more than one shared channel 224 can include the ability to reduce transmission latency by reducing the length between the transmission frames and/or allowing multiple frames to be sent at the same time.
  • Another reason to employ more than one shared channel 224 is to provide an upgrade path whereby "old" subscriber stations 32 that cannot cope with an increased data rate or some other new development can listen to one shared channel 224a which employs a suitable data rate or other needed technology and "new" subscriber stations 32 can listen to another shared channel 224b which employs an increased data rate or other new technology.
  • Another possible reason for including more than one shared channel 224 is to permit a security scheme for some subscribers.
  • a group of subscriber stations 32 which are to receive secured communications will listen to an encrypted shared channel 224a, while the balance of subscriber stations 32 listen to a non-encrypted shared channel 224b. While packets on the non- encrypted shared channel 224b can have encrypted payloads, the entire frames of packets on the encrypted shared channel 224a can be encrypted, inhibiting traffic analysis to be performed on communications sent via channel 224a.
  • one shared channel 224 can have modulation, encoding and or transmission power levels suitable for a group of subscriber stations 32 which have good reception characteristics and a second shared channel 224b can employ a different modulation, encoding or power level suitable for another group of subscriber stations 32 which have poorer reception characteristics.
  • the present invention is not limited to radio links or to other links employing CDMA as a multiplexing technique.
  • the present invention can be employed for certain links operating on wired network or optical network physical layers and employing multiplexing techniques such as OFDM, TDMA, FDMA or hybrid multiplexing techniques.
  • the present invention provides a communication system and method which allows connection-like and connectionless communications to be provided in a manner which can make efficient use of available bandwidth and or network resources.
  • the system and method can be managed by the operator of a network to permit prioritization of some communications over others and/or to vary bandwidth allocated between connection-like and connectionless communications as needed and/or desired.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure et un procédé de communication permettant des communications exemptes de connexion et similaires à des connexions, à réaliser sur une liaison multiplexée. Cette structure et ce procédé peuvent rendre efficace l'utilisation de la capacité de transmission disponible et/ou des ressources du réseau, tandis qu'ils produisent des types de communication et des hybrides. Des communications similaires à des connexions peuvent être produites par un canal comportant une capacité de transmission allouée dédiée à la communication, tandis que les communications exemptes de connexion peuvent être produites par un canal partagé par le biais duquel des données peuvent être transmises aux abonnés. Dans un mode de réalisation, le canal partagé transmet des trames de paquets adressées à au moins un abonné. L'allocation de la capacité de transmission entre les canaux dédiés et le canal partagé peut être établie ou peut être gérée pour répondre aux nécessités du réseau ou d'un opérateur du réseau. L'opérateur du réseau peut également gérer la structure et le procédé afin de permettre de donner la priorité à certaines communications sur d'autres. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, au moins deux autres canaux partagés sont produits en sus des canaux dédiés.
EP01931292A 2000-05-15 2001-05-09 Structure de communication pour liaisons multiplexes Withdrawn EP1282987A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002308564A CA2308564A1 (fr) 2000-05-15 2000-05-15 Structure de communication pour liaisons multiplexees
CA2308564 2000-05-15
PCT/CA2001/000672 WO2001089096A2 (fr) 2000-05-15 2001-05-09 Structure de communication pour liaisons multiplexes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1282987A2 true EP1282987A2 (fr) 2003-02-12

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EP01931292A Withdrawn EP1282987A2 (fr) 2000-05-15 2001-05-09 Structure de communication pour liaisons multiplexes

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EP (1) EP1282987A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003533934A (fr)
CN (1) CN100421474C (fr)
AU (2) AU2001258120B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2308564A1 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA02011329A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001089096A2 (fr)

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CN1832624B (zh) * 2004-02-13 2012-06-13 捷讯研究有限公司 通信系统和通信装置和通信终端以及通信方法
JP3866275B2 (ja) * 2004-02-13 2007-01-10 三菱電機株式会社 通信システム、通信装置、受信機並びに通信方法
KR101165902B1 (ko) * 2007-12-25 2012-07-13 도시바 미쓰비시덴키 산교시스템 가부시키가이샤 네트워크 제어 장치
CN102006635A (zh) * 2009-09-02 2011-04-06 中兴通讯股份有限公司 数据传输方法及系统
CN113923722B (zh) * 2021-10-11 2023-06-13 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 数据传输方法、装置及存储介质
CN117596395B (zh) * 2024-01-18 2024-05-07 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 一种码率控制方法、装置和计算机可读存储介质

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GB8905741D0 (en) * 1989-03-13 1989-04-26 Shell Int Research Process for preparing carbamates,and intermediates therin
US5790534A (en) * 1996-09-20 1998-08-04 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited Load control method and apparatus for CDMA cellular system having circuit and packet switched terminals
EP1066729B1 (fr) * 1998-04-03 2005-06-29 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Acces et allocation de ressources radio flexibles dans un systeme universel de telecommunications mobiles (sutm)
CA2876393A1 (fr) * 2012-06-13 2013-12-19 King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology Biomarqueurs de methylation pour le cancer du sein

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100421474C (zh) 2008-09-24
JP2003533934A (ja) 2003-11-11
WO2001089096A3 (fr) 2002-03-28
AU5812001A (en) 2001-11-26
WO2001089096A2 (fr) 2001-11-22
CN1425257A (zh) 2003-06-18
CA2308564A1 (fr) 2001-11-15
AU2001258120B2 (en) 2007-01-04
MXPA02011329A (es) 2004-02-26

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