EP1281624A1 - Device for handling of transport units for insulating elements - Google Patents

Abstract

A number of rock wool panels (4) are assembled in a flat-pack within a foil wrapper (3). The flat-pack edges are protected by L-shaped (6, 7) profiles (5) made of a pressure-resistant material e.g. metal, plastic, strengthened cellulose. The free ends (6, 7) are bent upwards (8).

Description

The invention relates to a device for handling packaging and / or Transport units for plate-shaped, formed in a foil Envelope and arranged on support bodies insulation elements, in particular Insulating boards, preferably of mineral fibers, in particular of rock wool.

Insulating materials are widely used in buildings and facilities. Alone The sales of mineral wool insulation material reaches the annual level in Germany Magnitude of about 15 to 20 million cubic meters. Insulation materials are light, voluminous and despite high benefits inexpensive goods. Because of the large space requirements with comparatively little added value, trading companies limit the provision of insulation materials to a minimum. The manufacturers of Insulation materials therefore have a favorable logistics for the direct delivery of Insulating materials developed on construction sites, produced on demand and in the Name and on account of the trading company the insulation materials on schedule delivered directly to the construction site for the benefit of a processing company become. The insulating materials are used in packaging and / or transport units provided, which are packages or packages of several packages with Insulation elements, such as insulation boards or Dämmfilz roles is therefore no longer individually in the hold of a transport vehicle be stacked. Although can be with the single arrangement of the insulating elements achieve a largely optimal utilization of the loading volume, but this advantage is made economical by the labor-intensive loading and unloading of the transport vehicle. The summarization of the insulation elements to palletized packaging and / or transport units allows fast and economical loading and unloading of transport vehicles.

The unloading conditions on construction sites or even in commercial enterprises are often not as cheap as a manufacturer, the shipping of a individual product type can optimize.

To reduce labor costs, companies processing e.g. Flat roof waterproofing produce, preferably large format and thus relatively heavy Roof insulation panels for special packaging and / or transport units be compiled.

Because in the logistics chain several companies with very different technical Level and corresponding differing economic interests It is mainly for the manufacturer of the insulation elements for various reasons of particular interest, the cost of the Distribution of the insulation elements to the end user as low as possible or to participate in the possible value creation.

The above-mentioned, a form of insulating elements representing roof insulation panels made of mineral fibers have densities of about 100 to 200 kg / m ³ . There are also known roof insulation panels, which in a surface zone with about 180 to 220 kg / m ^{3 have} a significantly higher density than underlying arranged areas of the roof insulation panels. The highly compressed surface zone is intended to increase the rigidity of the roof insulation panels when walking. These roof insulation panels usually have thicknesses of about 30 to about 160 kg / m ³ . In a standard format of, for example, 1000 mm in length and 600 mm in width, the roof insulation panels are packed together by shrink-film wraps into packages of about 20 kg in weight and thicknesses of about 20 to 40 cm. Such packages are mostly shipped individually or stacked on wooden pallets.

Large-format roof insulation panels, for example, with the dimensions of 2 m length and 1.2 m width and initially stacked. Such a Plate stack forms the basis for a packaging and / or transport unit. An already proven in practice packaging and / or transport unit is described in DE 92 183 20 U1. The plate stack is resting here on at least two support bodies, preferably of the same material as the roof insulation panels, the plate stack and the roof insulation panels in total is wrapped with a plastic film. The support bodies allow underride the packaging and transport unit with pallet truck or fork-like Lifting device of forklifts.

The cover consists of one or more stretch films, preferably made Polyethylene. The film is multiply in particular in the area of the support body wrapped around the plate stack for greater transport safety. Stretch films have a good cohesion between the individual film layers. Due to the dimensions of the roof insulation panels, the relatively high weight the individual roof insulation panels and the resulting friction forces Overall, the plate stack already has a high internal rigidity and behaves essentially like a homogeneous block of mineral fibers. Cheap also affects that the roof insulation panels on a production line across be separated from the initially endless fiber web. The roof insulation panels thus have in their longitudinal direction, that is transverse to the original manufacturing direction is a much higher internal stiffness and bending tensile strength on, as in the direction of the plate width.

A packaging and / or transport unit of such roof insulation panels thus indicates at an average height of the disk stack of 1.2 m Total weight of about 500 kg and is without corresponding transport equipment, such as cranes, forklifts or the like not manageable.

To the insulation elements, such as the roof insulation panels not locally To overload, length and width of the support body are dimensioned so that neither the insulating elements nor the support body overloaded and thus damaged become. The usually about 400 mm wide support body arranged over the entire width of the plate stack. The example two Meter long roof insulation panels collar on both ends about 150 mm, preferably but 200 mm above; in the middle remains an approximately 800 mm wide gap.

The packaging and / or transport units are used by the manufacturer for the Transport or storage at the manufacturer or on the site compiled. Transportation to the construction site or to a warehouse of a manufacturing Company or a trading company is mostly done by truck. Because of the greater flexibility are predominantly trucks used with overplated flatbeds or überplante interchangeable beds. The packaging and / or transport units are using forklifts of both Sides mounted on the bed of the truck or a trailer, in each case not more than two packaging and / or transport units be arranged one above the other. Already at the loading the tarpaulins have to unfolded on both sides of the truck and / or the trailer become. For this purpose, the numerous lateral brackets must be over-planning open and half the tarp with the help of boards or the like folded up and stored on a scaffold.

The same process occurs in reverse order in the warehouse of a trading company or on a construction site. Is there the transport of the packaging and / or Transport unit with the help of tower cranes directly on the roof surface, the tarpaulin must be largely removed. Otherwise, the packaging and / or transport units unloaded by means of lift trucks and stored. In both cases, the discharge process is preceded by the preparation of the Transport vehicle delayed and thus more expensive.

Such favorable circumstances are but rarely encountered on construction sites. Because of often simultaneously working on a building to be built works and the material deliveries triggered by them regularly encounter bottlenecks when using the existing crane capacities. The delivered insulation elements must therefore be stored temporarily. Same situation results naturally, when cranes to transport the insulating elements only temporarily be placed and larger amounts of insulating elements in one Train to be lifted on the roof surface. For this purpose, the Packing and / or transport units with the help of normal forklifts from the Cargo bed of the truck and / or the trailer lifted. The usual Fork width is outside about 0.6 m. Each fork is approx. 1.4 m long and only approx. 0.10 m wide. The usual material thickness is in the range of approx. 40 mm.

The fork is driven in the middle of the plate stack, although that often uneven terrain in the construction site area is not always possible, so the cladding together with the support body possible damage by the forks is exposed to the lift truck. These damages affect the intended subsequent use of the support body as insulating material to be processed. Furthermore, in the careless driving under close behind or next to each other on the platform of the truck parked packaging and / or Transport units and the subsequent lifting of the packaging and / or Transport unit damages the adjacent packing and / or transport unit become.

The specific loads of the arranged below in the plate stack insulation element through the forks is high-weight insulation elements often too large and regularly leads to damage to the insulation elements in the area of fork supports. These areas are then so damaged that They lead to deficient twilight results and from the large format Insulation elements, in particular roof insulation panels must be separated. Handling the packing and transport units with cranes The same non-material-compliant attachment technique is used regularly. The plate stacks are raised, for example, with crane hooks, as they are for the transport of wooden pallets are common. Again, the specific bearing surface for the compared to boards or panels of wood-based materials essential deformable Dämmstoffelementen far too small. An advanced one Damage to the insulation elements is caused by lifting the plate stack caused by ropes or narrow straps.

When handling the packaging and / or transport unit with a lift truck The fork should be placed in the middle of the plate stack. hereby Be the arranged in the plate stack insulation elements considerably stressed on bending, with the upper zones of the insulating elements on Train are claimed. In a frontal lifting for transporting the Plate stack on the roof surface, however, moves the tension zone down. These strong stresses in changing direction, as well as the Transport of the packaging and / or transport unit occurring dynamic Forces are in the design of the envelope or the arrangement of the insulating elements to take into account.

Based on this prior art, the invention has the object underlying, a device for the careful handling of packaging and / or To create transport units with which an economic envelope appropriate packaging and / or transport units is possible.

The solution is a frame with at least in a generic device a horizontally oriented crossbar provided at the two Recordings for two forks of a lift truck as well as recordings on both sides arranged cantilever arms, wherein the distance between the cantilever substantially corresponds to the length of a packaging and / or transport unit and the Shooting with the cantilevers almost form a plane.

Further features and advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the following description of the advantages the individual further education characteristics.

With the device according to the invention, it is possible to open a particular open Vehicle in a short time with packaging and / or transport units for plate-shaped Insulating elements, in particular insulation boards to load and / or unload. The loading of the vehicle is usually done from the side with the help at least one lift truck, for example, two of the 1.2 to 1.4 m high Packaging and / or transport units stacked one above the other on the vehicle are. In conventional lift trucks arise due to the relatively narrow Forks considerable dynamic loads on the packaging and / or transport units and thus in particular the insulating elements that cause damage can lead to the destruction of the insulation elements. This dynamic Strains are substantially eliminated by the device according to the invention avoided.

For this purpose, the device according to the invention consists of a rigid Crossbar on which the two cantilevers are arranged laterally. The crossbeam can be formed straight or cranked, so that the crossbar accordingly the fork lift of the lift truck is adjusted and lateral forces directly be introduced into the fork of the lift truck.

In addition to the cantilevers, the device according to the invention in its middle Area between the cantilevers two shots for the forks of the lift truck on. These recordings form a central unit and are equipped with a cover plate on the upper surfaces of the cross-sectionally rectangular Connections stiffening connected. The cover plate is as a plate-shaped cover formed and enlarged the bearing surface of the device in the middle region, so that here by a lower surface load of the packaging and / or Transport unit or arranged therein insulating elements achieved becomes. As a result, the risk of damage to the insulation elements or rupturing the live films or wraps the packaging and / or transport units significantly reduced.

The two outer cantilevers reduce the bending stress in the packaging and / or Transport unit essentially to zero. By a slight elevation opposite the centrally arranged recordings with the plate-shaped Cover element can even be a slight compression of the upper zones of the Insulation elements achieved in the packaging and / or transport units become. As a result, on the one hand, the possible compression of the insulating elements during lifting or transporting and as a result of tensile loads in the upper areas of the packaging and / or transport units compensated. On the other hand, there is a risk that these compared to the plate-shaped cover member higher arrangement of Kragarmoberflächen this Leads the driver of the lift truck to the packaging and / or transport unit overlooking the central area and the two cantilevers in the Insulating elements or the film are inserted. To this disadvantage too It is envisaged that avoid the two upper ends of the outer cantilevers according to the Höherstellung over the two recordings with the plate-shaped Covering are formed flattened.

To the device, for example, on the back of the transport vehicle it is envisaged to be able to move between the shots at least two spaced rollers are mounted. The rollers can be rigidly mounted or be rotatable in any direction. Such roles can be provided under the two outer cantilevers. Instead of roles can also be provided resilient, acting as a grinding strap. About that In addition, the roles also serve the driver of the lift truck, the exact height of the Forks with respect to the packaging and / or transport unit to be picked up to comply because a rolling of the rollers on the back of the transport vehicle in any case, the correct height of the device, in particular the cantilevers and the recordings with the plate-shaped cover indicates, as far as the rolls correspond to the commonly used supports of the packaging and / or transport units are formed.

The packaging and / or transport units are made of transport economics Reasons and in particular with regard to a sufficient load securing in direct contact with each other on the bed of the transport vehicle established. In order to avoid that the device with their cantilevers or with the shots too far under the aufzunehmende packaging and / or Transport unit pushed and when lifting the adjacent, not to be lifted Packaging and / or transport unit is damaged, is provided that the device has a depth of the packaging and / or transport unit having adjustable stop. Preferably, the stop is in the area the recordings or the cantilever slidably and lockable arranged.

In addition, the device has a connection element arranged on the frame on, with the frame in the area of a fork lift with the lift truck is connectable. This avoids that the device after the Hang the packaging and / or transport unit hanging from an obstacle remains and is pulled by the forks of the lift truck. In the simplest case will be the connection is made with a hook, behind a crossbar of the fork plate of the forklift, on which the forks are mounted.

Of particular importance is that the packaging and / or transport units be raised as centrally as possible to both static and dynamic To avoid loads on the insulation elements. To a corresponding To simplify operation and thereby also damage the rest Supporting body or the wrapping wound around the supporting body, is on the frame, especially in the area of the two shots, one the Arranged center mark indicating marker. With this mark can the For example, a driver of the lift truck on the packaging and / or Target the transport unit to the glued marking. This marking is supported through a centrally located dipstick. This device can be supplemented by a light or laser beam pointing to a reflective mark directed by the packaging and / or transport unit. Farther can be provided that a reading device for on the packaging and Transport units arranged disk attached in the frame is, with a simple registration of the loaded packaging and / or Transport units is possible.

Alternative embodiments for the central increase of the packaging and / or Transport units can, for example, in the form of a radio beam and a metallic marking provided on the packaging and / or transport unit be, with all electronic devices also acoustic or optical signalers can be connected to the driver of the lift truck by a signal the proper reception of the packaging and / or Display transport unit.

The device according to the invention can be carried on the transport vehicle constantly so that not every construction site provided forklift with a corresponding device must be equipped. To secure the Device during transport on the bed can holding devices be provided. These holding devices can be integrated in the loading area be and be unfolded if necessary or pulled out to to facilitate the insertion or insertion of the device. After completion a loading and / or unloading the device is usually from the outside pushed under a packaging and / or transport unit in the support rails and secured by means of the straps, which are also used to secure the packaging and / or transport unit serve. But it can also be appropriate Mounts be provided outside the cargo area of the transport vehicle. However, it is important to ensure that the device in easier and faster Way can be achieved by a forklift.

It has proven to be advantageous to fold the device according to the invention train to minimize the volume on the back of the transport vehicle to claim something. Preferably, in the area of the cantilevers Joints arranged so that the cantilevers from their right angle position to the frame can be folded on the frame. In addition, a additional stiffening or stop be provided. Alternative or supplementary for foldable embodiment of the device can be provided that the device is telescopic, so that the width of the device especially for transport on a transport vehicle can be reduced. Of course, the device can also be disassembled into individual parts to facilitate a simplified transport with the smallest possible space requirement.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the frame the device in the region of a crossbar fasteners for attachment and for guiding a hook attachable to a crane. Through this Embodiment, the device according to the invention not only in combination with a forklift, but also often used on construction sites Tower cranes are used to appropriate packaging and / or Not only to unload transport units from a transport vehicle, but also in the processing area, for example, to transport a roof surface.

The hook consists of a longitudinal section substantially L-shaped structure with two substantially parallel legs and two the Schenkel connecting, converging webs, wherein the webs in their Connection point an eyelet for the attack of a crane hook or a Schäkels and the thighs at their free end in each case a U-shaped bend have the crossbeams of the frame in the area of the connecting elements embrace.

It is further contemplated that the webs limited articulated with the legs are also connected to the hook for a space-saving transport on the Transport vehicle foldable form.

According to another feature is provided that at the free ends of the Legs cantilever arms, in particular limited articulated, so that the hook also separated from the device, for example, for handling of palletized goods is suitable.

To the hook to different packaging and / or transport units or to be able to adapt pallets, it is provided that the legs are telescopic are formed, so that, for example, different levels of loading Pallets or different packing and / or transport units are manageable.

Figur 1

Eine Vorrichtung zur Handhabung von Verpackungs- und/oder Transporteinheiten für plattenförmige Dämmstoffelemente in Seitenansicht;

Figur 2

die Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 in Rückansicht;

Figur 3

die Vorrichtung gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 in Draufsicht;

Figur 4

die Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 2 mit einem angehängten Haken in Rückansicht;

Figur 5

den Haken gemäß Figur 4 in Seitenansicht;

Figur 6

eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Hakens in Seitenansicht und

Figur 7

den Haken gemäß Figur 6 in Rückansicht.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings, in which a preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention is shown. In the drawing show:

FIG. 1

A device for handling of packaging and / or transport units for plate-shaped insulating elements in side view;

FIG. 2

the device of Figure 1 in rear view;

FIG. 3

the device according to Figures 1 and 2 in plan view;

FIG. 4

the device of Figure 2 with an attached hook in rear view;

FIG. 5

the hook of Figure 4 in side view;

FIG. 6

a second embodiment of a hook in side view and

FIG. 7

the hook according to Figure 6 in rear view.

An apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 for handling packaging and / or transport units for plate-shaped insulating elements, In particular, insulation boards consists of a ladder frame formed Frame 2, which has an upper crossbar 3 and a lower crossbar 4, the spaced apart and arranged parallel to each other are. Between the transverse bars 3 and 4 four connecting elements 5 are arranged, each aligned at right angles to the crossbars 3, 4.

At the two lower ends of the central connecting elements 5 are two Shooting 6 for two forks, not shown, a lift truck at a distance attached to each other. The recordings 6 are as hollow profiles with square Cross-section formed and a plate-shaped cover member. 7 connected to each other, wherein the cover 7 welded to the receptacles 6 is. Between the receptacles 6 are two rotatably mounted rollers. 8 arranged, with a roller 8 at the rear end and a roller 8 at the front End of the recordings 6 is arranged.

In the area of the outer connecting elements 5, the device 1 respectively a cantilever 9 extending parallel to the receptacles 6. The top of each cantilever 9 is common with the top of the cover 7 in a plane, so that with the device 1 a packaging and / or Transport unit for insulating elements are added in such a way can that the cover 7 in the area between two support bodies and the cantilevers 9 on both sides of the support body, the packaging and / or transport unit Lift.

The cantilever arms 9 correspond approximately to the receptacles 6 in their length.

In the area of the cover element 7, a sliding along the cover 7 is and lockable stop 10 is arranged. For this purpose the cover member 7 on a row of holes, which has a plurality of holes in which a connectable with the stopper 10 bolts 11 can be inserted. The stop 10 is formed as a right angle, with a leg extends at right angles and a leg parallel to the surface of the cover 7.

At the upper end of the frame 2, namely in the region of the crossbar 3 is centered a pivotable hook 12 disposed behind a fork plate of the lift truck engages to the device 1 in the longitudinal direction of the not shown Define forks on the forklift truck. The hook 12 is a bolt 13 in a Holder 14 pivotable.

Furthermore, the device 1 has a marking 15, which as in the middle of the Crossbar 3 arranged dipstick is formed. The mark 15 shows the Forklift driver the center position of the device 1 in relation to a packaging and / or Transport unit, so that by means of the marking 15 such a packaging and / or transport unit is raised as centrally as possible. For this the packing and / or transport unit may also have a marking, which can be brought to coincide with the mark 15 to the Center position when lifting the packaging and / or transport unit to take.

A further marking 16 is arranged on the cover element 7 according to FIG. This marking 16 also serves for the central alignment of the device 1 relative to a packaging and / or transport unit to be lifted.

It can also be seen from FIG. 3 that the front regions of the cantilevers 9 Bevels 17 have.

In Figures 4 and 5 is in addition to a crane not shown in detail attachable hook 17 shown. The hook 17 consists of a longitudinal section essentially L-shaped structure 18. The structure 18 has two in the substantially parallel legs 19 and two with the legs 19th connected, converging webs 20, wherein the webs 20 in their connection point 21 an eyelet 22 (Figure 5) for the attack of a crane hook or a shackle have. The legs 19 are complementary with a crossbar 23 stiffening formed, wherein the legs 19 are adjustable in length and for this purpose have locking pin 24, with which the previously set Length of the legs 19 is detected.

The legs 19 are pivotable about a hinge 25 with the webs 20th connected so that the webs 20 via the joints of the in Figures 4 and 5 shown position can be transferred to a position in which the webs 20 are aligned parallel to the legs 19. In this position is the Space required for the transport of this hook 17 very low.

At the free ends of the legs 19 U-shaped offsets 26 are arranged, with which the hook 17 engages around the crossbar 3 of the device 1. To this Purpose, the crossbar 3 facing at its the crossbar 4 Surface guiding and connecting elements 27 in the form of four, each pair arranged on L-shaped angles 28, each with a leg on Cross bar 3 are welded and their second leg at a distance from each other are arranged, wherein the distance between these second legs of the angle 28 corresponds to the width of the legs 19 in the region of the bend 26.

With the hook 17, the device 1 in a simple way quickly for handling be converted with a crane. Consequently, the extend Webs 20 in an area above the cover 7, so that the cover 7 and the cantilevers 9 when lifting the device 1 with the hook 17 are aligned substantially horizontally.

The hook 17 shown in Figures 4 and 5 can according to Figures 6 and 7 at the free ends of the legs 19 cantilevers 29, which has a joint 30 limited pivotally attached to the legs 19 are struck. Thus formed with the hook 17, for example, palletized goods without With the aid of the device 1 can be implemented and transported by a crane. It can be seen that the cantilevers 29 are L-shaped, wherein a short leg 31 abuts against the leg 19 to the pivoting mobility of the cantilever 29 relative to the leg 19 to limit a right angle. The pivoting mobility of the cantilever 29 relative to the leg 19th allows only a folding of the cantilever 29 with the longer leg the leg 19 before the webs 20 are also folded down.

Claims (16)

Device for handling packaging and / or transport units for plate-shaped, in a wrapping designed as a film and on support bodies arranged insulating elements, in particular insulation boards, preferably of mineral fibers, in particular of rock wool, consisting of a frame (2) with at least one horizontally oriented transom (3, 4), at the two shots (6) for two forks of a lift truck as well arranged on both sides of the receptacles cantilevers (9), wherein the distance between the cantilever arms (9) substantially the length of a packaging and / or Transport unit corresponds and the shots (6) with the cantilevers (9) form approximately one plane. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the cantilever arms (9) at a distance from the receptacles (6) are adjustable and lockable. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the frame (2) is designed as a lead frame. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that between the receptacles (6) at least two spaced-apart rollers (8) are mounted. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the receptacles (6) via a plate-shaped cover member (7) are interconnected, which preferably covers the rollers (8). Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the frame (2) in the longitudinal direction of the receptacles (6) and the cantilever arms (9) displaceable and preferably lockable stop (10). Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the frame (2) has a connecting element (12), with which the frame (2) in the region of a fork receptacle with the lift truck is connectable. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the frame (2) has a mark (15, 16) indicating its center position. Device according to claim 8,
characterized in that the marking (15) is arranged on a rod-shaped element. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the frame (2) has a reading device for arranged on the packaging and transport units data carriers. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the cantilever arms (9) and / or receptacles (6) about a pivot axis are pivotally mounted on the frame (2). Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the frame (2) in the region of a crossbar (3) connecting elements (27) for attachment and guidance of a hook attachable to a crane (17). Device according to claim 12,
characterized in that the hook (17) consists of a longitudinally substantially L-shaped support structure (18) with two substantially parallel legs (19) and two legs (19) connecting, converging webs (20), wherein the webs (20) in their connection point (21) an eyelet (22) for the abutment of a crane hook or a shackle and the legs (19) at their free end in each case a U-shaped bend (26) which the crossbar (3 ) of the frame (2) engage around in the region of the connecting elements (27). Device according to claim 13,
characterized in that the webs (20) are hingedly connected with the legs (19) bounded. Device according to claim 13,
characterized in that at the free ends of the legs (19) cantilevers (29), in particular limited articulated can be connected. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the legs (19) are formed telescopic.

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