EP1280359A2 - Bildkodierenannordnung und Videokodierenannordnung und Verfahren - Google Patents

Bildkodierenannordnung und Videokodierenannordnung und Verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1280359A2
EP1280359A2 EP02016517A EP02016517A EP1280359A2 EP 1280359 A2 EP1280359 A2 EP 1280359A2 EP 02016517 A EP02016517 A EP 02016517A EP 02016517 A EP02016517 A EP 02016517A EP 1280359 A2 EP1280359 A2 EP 1280359A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
video
shaped blocks
image
image data
irregular shaped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02016517A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1280359A3 (de
Inventor
David Ronald Bourne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motorola Solutions Inc
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Motorola Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motorola Inc filed Critical Motorola Inc
Publication of EP1280359A2 publication Critical patent/EP1280359A2/de
Publication of EP1280359A3 publication Critical patent/EP1280359A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/40—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using video transcoding, i.e. partial or full decoding of a coded input stream followed by re-encoding of the decoded output stream
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/85—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
    • H04N19/89—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving methods or arrangements for detection of transmission errors at the decoder

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the coding of images and video sequences using a block-based codec, for example using a discrete cosine transform.
  • the invention is applicable to, but not limited to, image compression and error concealment in video communication arrangements, and reduces the visual effect of any blocking artefacts.
  • Future generation mobile and fixed communication systems are expected to provide the capability for video and image transmission as well as the more conventional voice and data services.
  • video and image services will become more prevalent and improvements in video/image compression technology are likely to be needed in order to match the consumer demand within the available communication bandwidth.
  • Such communication systems are often bandwidth constrained because of the communication channel.
  • video and image compression techniques have been developed.
  • the use of video and image compression techniques allows the system designer to optimise and prioritise the video signals and images that are to be transmitted.
  • One example would be to transmit interpretation data in compressed form.
  • the expression 'video transmission' is used to encompass various video and/or image techniques. These include video that is streamed or encoded (block-based, DCT-based, object-based or other) for storage with the ability to be viewed later. Furthermore, the expression 'video transmission' is used to encompass all forms of image communication, including still image transmission.
  • Munro and Sherlock have investigated the effects on the quality of image transmissions when using square-shaped blocks of different pixel sizes, as described in their paper 'Optimal quantisation strategy for DCT image compression', Vision, Image and Signal Processing IEE proceedings, Feb 96.
  • the results not surprisingly, showed that a block size of 8*8 pixels was found not to be optimal for all compression ratios.
  • 8*8 pixel blocks were found to be the best fit for most image transmission systems, confirming why this block-size is widely used in this field.
  • EP-A-1146748 published on 17 October 2001, EP-A-0861004, EP-A-0766479 and WO-A-97/16028 are known to the applicant.
  • the present invention provides a method of processing video or image data in a block-based video or image communication system as claimed in claim 1, a video communication system as claimed in claim 8, video communication units as claimed in claims 12 and 14, and a mobile radio device comprising a video communication unit as claimed in claim 17.
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention utilises a primarily irregular-shaped block-based arrangement that tessellates to cover the entire image.
  • the irregular-shaped block-based shape is generated so as to appear as a 'random' shape whilst retaining some of the spatial correlation benefit.
  • the use of such an irregular shape reduces the regularity of any blocking artefacts in the decoded image, thereby giving a better-perceived image quality at the decoder.
  • a preferred arrangement would be adaptable to both ideals, namely encompassing a varying degree of compression, for varying levels of subjective image quality, depending upon the image being transmitted. Furthermore, by keeping these irregular shapes small and close together, then image compression can still be achieved through spatial correlation.
  • 'irregular' encompasses any arrangement that is non-regular shaped.
  • an irregular-shaped tessellating pattern 100 is shown, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the pixel pattern 100 is only shown as an example of one of many pixel patterns that are clearly suitable for use in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • irregular-shaped tessellating pattern of FIG. 1 is also only one of many examples of a block-based shape that benefits from the inventive concepts described herein. It is within the contemplation of the invention that other irregular-shaped patterns or irregular-shaped tessellating patterns can equally benefit from the inventive concepts described herein.
  • the irregular-shaped tessellating pattern is made up of a number of pixels, in an adapted 8*8 block.
  • a typical block-based coding arrangement uses sixty-four pixels 110, as shown.
  • the irregular-shaped tessellating pattern covers the entire original image and is sufficiently compact to provide some spatial correlation within the image to be transmitted.
  • the source image pixel map is redefined into irregular shapes that cover the entire image but appear to be random in shape. There is no need for all these shapes to be of the same configuration, so long as the pattern is known at the encoder and decoder.
  • the shapes should each contain 64 pixels and, as indicated, ideally be spatially close to one another to retain some spatial correlation.
  • the arrangement 200 includes an encoding (transmitting) portion 250 and a decoding (receiving) portion 280.
  • the source image pixel map is redefined into irregular-shaped tessellating patterns 210, 220, 230, 240 that cover the entire image.
  • the irregular-shaped tessellating patterns 210, 220, 230, 240 may appear to be random in shape, they are preferably arranged to be sufficiently compact to provide some spatial correlation.
  • the irregular-shaped tessellating patterns 210, 220, 230, 240 are then transcoded 260 into standard sixty four pixel square (regular) blocks 212, 222, 232, 242. It is within the contemplation of the invention that any suitable method of transcoding from the irregular shape to the regular 8*8 shaped-block can be used. Furthermore, the use of four blocks is given only as an example, and clearly any number of blocks and pixels/block can be used to represent the image or video sequence.
  • Such an image is then encoded and preferably compressed and transmitted from the encoder 250 to the decoder 280 using, for example, a standard block-based codec.
  • the image is decoded into sixty four pixel square (regular) blocks 215, 225, 235, 245, using, for example, a standard block-based codec 270.
  • FIG. 2 also shows the effect of a coding or transmission artefact to region 220.
  • the inverse transcode 290 is applied to the square (regular) blocks 215, 225, 235, 245, in order to reproduce the original image based on the irregular-shaped tessellating patterns 218, 228, 238, 248, with region 228 including the artefact.
  • the image displayed to the user has the artefact redistributed so that the affected portion of the image has no substantially straight edges or regular shapes.
  • any artefacts in the decoded image are more visually acceptable to the user, i.e. they are not as evident to a user's eye/brain as those of a regular pattern.
  • a yet further alternative would be to use another transform with a different spatial support, or a vector quantisation type of compression. As such, it is not necessary to use a DCT or similar type of transform at all.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention implements the above irregular-shaped block-based arrangement by using a transcoder.
  • a transcoder a standard block based codec, such as a JPEG codec, as shown in FIG. 3, can be used in order to benefit from the inventive concepts described herein.
  • the arrangement 300 includes an encoding (transmitting) portion 350 and a decoding (receiving) portion 380.
  • the source image pixel map 352 includes irregular-shaped tessellating patterns in an arrangement of sixty-four pixels 110 in an adapted 8*8 pixel block.
  • This source image pixel map 352 is input to a transcoder 360 which uses a mapping algorithm 354 to convert the irregular-shaped tessellating patterns into standard sixty four pixel square (regular) blocks 356.
  • Such a regular image 356 is then input to a discrete cosine transform function 358, and the DCT output of the source image data is input to a quantizer 362.
  • the DCT algorithm uses a look-up table 364 to perform the quantization process, and passes the processed source image data to an entropy encoder 366.
  • the entropy encoder 366 uses a look-up table 368 to perform the entropy encoding process.
  • the quantizer 362 and entropy encoder 366 may constitute part of a standard block-based codec.
  • the compressed image data 370 is then transmitted from the encoder 350 to the decoder 380.
  • the image is input to complementary processing elements, namely entropy decoder 372 coupled to look-up table 374, and to de-quantizer 376 coupled to look-up table 378.
  • the image passes from entropy decoder 372 to de-quantizer 376.
  • the de-quantized image data is input to an inverse discrete cosine transform (DCT) function 382 to produce sixty four pixel square (regular) blocks 384.
  • DCT discrete cosine transform
  • the decoded 8 x 8 pixel blocks undergo the inverse mapping transform, in inverse transcoder 390 using the inverse mapping algorithm 386, to recreate the original image 392.
  • a benefit of the aforementioned transcoding arrangement is that it can be readily implemented in existing video communication units. More generally, the set of algorithms used to effect the image frame conversion and processing may be implemented in a respective communication unit in any suitable manner. For example, new apparatus may be added to a conventional communication unit.
  • existing parts of a conventional communication unit may be adapted, for example by reprogramming one or more processors therein that are used in the encoding/decoding process.
  • any processor re-programming may be effected with regard to one or more of the following processing functions: one or more of the mapping algorithm(s), the quantizer/de-quantizer function, the entropy encoding/decoding function or adapting any of the look-up tables.
  • the required adaptation may be implemented in the form of processor-implementable instructions stored on a storage medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, programmable read only memory (PROM), random access memory (RAM) or any combination of these or other storage multimedia.
  • a storage medium such as a floppy disk, hard disk, programmable read only memory (PROM), random access memory (RAM) or any combination of these or other storage multimedia.
  • the method includes the step of arranging the video or image data in irregular shaped blocks for reducing a visible effect of artefacts introduced into a transmitted image.
  • a video communication unit operating in a video communication system includes an encoder for encoding original video or image data, operably coupled to a transmitter for transmitting the encoded data.
  • a video or image receiving unit includes a receiver for receiving the transmitted encoded data, operably coupled to a decoder for decoding and reconstructing the received video or image data.
  • the video communication unit, operating in the video communication system is distinguished by the original and reconstructed video or image data being arranged in irregular shaped blocks for reducing a visible effect of artefacts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Compression Of Band Width Or Redundancy In Fax (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
EP02016517A 2001-07-24 2002-07-23 Bildkodierenannordnung und Videokodierenannordnung und Verfahren Withdrawn EP1280359A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0117994A GB2378072B (en) 2001-07-24 2001-07-24 Image and video coding arrangement and method
GB0117994 2001-07-24

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EP1280359A2 true EP1280359A2 (de) 2003-01-29
EP1280359A3 EP1280359A3 (de) 2004-05-19

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102137262A (zh) * 2011-05-03 2011-07-27 深圳市融创天下科技发展有限公司 一种不规则划分视频编码模式选择方法、装置
GB2511629A (en) * 2013-01-30 2014-09-10 Advanced Risc Mach Ltd Methods of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data
US9041723B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2015-05-26 Arm Limited Method of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100571389C (zh) * 2004-06-29 2009-12-16 奥林巴斯株式会社 用于图像编码/解码和扩展图像压缩解压缩的方法和设备
JP4594688B2 (ja) * 2004-06-29 2010-12-08 オリンパス株式会社 画像符号化処理方法、画像復号化処理方法、動画圧縮処理方法、動画伸張処理方法、画像符号化処理プログラム、画像符号化装置、画像復号化装置、画像符号化／復号化システム、拡張画像圧縮伸張処理システム

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3552811B2 (ja) * 1995-09-29 2004-08-11 三菱電機株式会社 ディジタル映像信号符号化装置および復号化装置
JPH09102953A (ja) * 1995-10-04 1997-04-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd デジタル画像符号化方法、装置及び復号化装置
KR100308627B1 (ko) * 1995-10-25 2001-11-02 마찌다 가쯔히꼬 중첩블럭이동보상및제로트리웨이브릿코딩을이용한저비트레이트비디오엔코더
US6052490A (en) * 1997-02-14 2000-04-18 At&T Corp. Video coder employing pixel transposition
US7203234B1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2007-04-10 Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. Method of directional filtering for post-processing compressed video

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102137262A (zh) * 2011-05-03 2011-07-27 深圳市融创天下科技发展有限公司 一种不规则划分视频编码模式选择方法、装置
WO2012149697A1 (zh) * 2011-05-03 2012-11-08 深圳市融创天下科技股份有限公司 一种不规则划分的视频编码模式选择方法及装置
CN102137262B (zh) * 2011-05-03 2017-04-12 深圳市云宙多媒体技术有限公司 一种不规则划分视频编码模式选择方法、装置
US9041723B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2015-05-26 Arm Limited Method of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data
US9058637B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2015-06-16 Arm Limited Method of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data
US9524566B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2016-12-20 Arm Limited Method of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data
US9524535B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2016-12-20 Arm Limited Method of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data
US9582845B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2017-02-28 Arm Limited Method of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data
US9626730B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2017-04-18 Arm Limited Method of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data
GB2511629A (en) * 2013-01-30 2014-09-10 Advanced Risc Mach Ltd Methods of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data
US9177415B2 (en) 2013-01-30 2015-11-03 Arm Limited Methods of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data
GB2511629B (en) * 2013-01-30 2017-02-15 Advanced Risc Mach Ltd Methods of and apparatus for encoding and decoding data

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GB2378072B (en) 2003-10-15
GB0117994D0 (en) 2001-09-19
GB2378072A (en) 2003-01-29
EP1280359A3 (de) 2004-05-19

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