EP1275416B1 - Beatmungsgerät mit Durchflussbegrenzer - Google Patents

Beatmungsgerät mit Durchflussbegrenzer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1275416B1
EP1275416B1 EP02291691A EP02291691A EP1275416B1 EP 1275416 B1 EP1275416 B1 EP 1275416B1 EP 02291691 A EP02291691 A EP 02291691A EP 02291691 A EP02291691 A EP 02291691A EP 1275416 B1 EP1275416 B1 EP 1275416B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
additional gas
passage
regulator
section
harness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02291691A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1275416A1 (de
Inventor
Patrice Martinez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aerosystems SAS
Original Assignee
Intertechnique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Intertechnique SA filed Critical Intertechnique SA
Publication of EP1275416A1 publication Critical patent/EP1275416A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1275416B1 publication Critical patent/EP1275416B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/02—Valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to respirators intended to protect persons on board an aircraft, and in particular flight technical personnel, against the effects of high-altitude depressurization and / or the appearance of fumes or toxic gases.
  • the invention relates to respiratory apparatus with demand and dilution regulator and regulators of pressure and respiratory gas flow.
  • breathing apparatuses are supplied, at the intake level, with additional gas supplied by pressurized oxygen cylinders, chemical generators or generators by selective absorption and oxygen recovery known as OBOGS (acronym for the English expression). Saxon “on-board generator oxygen system”).
  • the regulators deliver a breathing gas for which the evolution of the enrichment for a given flow rate as a function of the altitude has an inverted bell shape, that is to say the shape of the curve in full line on the figure 1. Because of the characteristics of the ejector, the flow of additional gas (oxygen), at low altitude, is much higher than the flow corresponding to the physiological minimum necessary, which, in turn, increases monotonically as a function of cabin altitude (dashed line in Figure 1).
  • the additional gas flow (oxygen) delivered to the breathing apparatus is too high in relation to the needs and causes excessive consumption of additional gas (oxygen).
  • An object of the invention is in particular to provide a breathing apparatus with pressure regulator and respiratory gas flow to reduce the flow of additional gas called.
  • control means able to modify the passage section of the additional gas to the ejector; these means may in particular switch the additional gas supply between several intake passages having different sections; for example, one of these passes corresponds to a so-called “economic” flow and has a smaller section than that of the other passage called “full flow”.
  • Means are advantageously provided to ensure the safety of the user without intervention on his part or by avoiding false maneuvers.
  • the regulator When the regulator is mounted on an inflatable harness respirator, it includes a harness inflation actuator for communicating the additional gas supply with the inflatable harness to inflate it; advantageously, the control means cooperate with the harness inflation actuator to switch the additional gas supply on the "full flow” passage, when the harness inflation actuator is implemented to inflate the harness. For example, the control means switch the additional gas supply on the passage "full flow”, under the effect of the pressure of the gas supplying the harness.
  • the invention is an enriched respiratory gas generator comprising a pressure regulator according to the invention.
  • the on-demand regulator 1 is provided with a flow limiter 2 with control by inflation actuator of a breathing mask wearing harness.
  • the regulator 1 comprises a housing and a "normal / 100%" switch 3, shown in FIG. 2 in the "100%" position (closed air inlet).
  • the housing consists of several assembled parts defining a fluid circuit. It comprises several fluidic communications with the outside of the housing: an additional gas supply nozzle 27, a connecting pipe 4 with the inside of a breathing mask (not shown), a dilution air inlet 5, a venting passage 6 and an exhaled gas outlet 7. It also comprises an inlet 8 in communication with the flow limiter 2.
  • the housing furthermore comprises a plurality of internal fluidic communications: a primary duct 9 comprising a calibrated throat 22 and a secondary duct 10 connecting compartments separated by a main flap 11 to a compartment 21 corresponding to a pilot flap 12.
  • the housing further comprises a plurality of switching members for modifying the flow of fluids in the circuit defined by the housing. These switching members are the main valve 11 and the pilot valve 12; the regulator shown also has a valve 13 for venting the compartment 21 of the pilot valve 12 and an altimetric capsule 14.
  • the main valve 11 is constituted by a membrane 15 cooperating with a fixed seat 16.
  • the membrane 15 separates a control chamber 17 from the inlet 8, the primary duct 9 and the connecting pipe 4.
  • the control chamber 17 is connected to the inlet 8 by a calibrated throat 18.
  • the pilot valve 12 comprises a membrane 19 sensitive to pressure.
  • the membrane 19 carries a shutter 20 which cooperates with a fixed seat to place the control chamber 17 in communication with the compartment 21 delimited by the membrane 19 or, on the contrary, to separate the chamber 17 and the compartment 21.
  • the compartment 21 also communicates with admission 8 by throttling 22.
  • the pilot valve 12 also constitutes an exhaust valve allowing exhaled gas to escape from the exhaled gas outlet 7.
  • the pressure in the chamber 21 is limited by the vent valve 13 which prevents the overpressure in the chamber 21 from exceeding a predetermined value.
  • the altimetric capsule 14 cuts or allows the entry of air by the arrival of dilution air 5 as a function of altitude. At high altitude, the altimetry capsule 14 intersects the dilution air inlet, so that the mask is fed only by additional gas from the flow limiter 2.
  • the flow restrictor 2 comprises a "full flow” / "economic” actuator 23, a restricted section passage 25, a "full flow” passage 26.
  • the regulator 1 shown also has a harness inflation actuator 41, a connector harness 28, a plunger 29 and a piston 30.
  • the harness inflation actuator 41 has a valve 42 and an ear 24.
  • the "full flow” passage 26 has a section such that the additional gas is transmitted through this passage with a maximum flow rate to supply the user with pure additional gas in a physiologically sufficient manner at the maximum expected altitude.
  • the restricted section passage 25 corresponds to a so-called “economic” flow rate and reduces the additional gas flow rate transmitted from the feed 27 to the intake 8.
  • the plunger 29 has a zone of reduced diameter. Depending on the position of the plunger 29, this zone puts the supply 27 in communication with both the restricted section passage 25 and with the "full flow” passage 26, or puts the supply 27 into communication only with the passage to restricted section 25.
  • the plunger is movable between these two positions by manual action on the actuator "full flow” / "economic” 23 or by a piston 30 belonging to the valve 42 for inflating harnesses.
  • the piston 30 can be brought temporarily into the illustrated position, thanks to the harness inflation lug 24. In this rest position, the power supply 27 and the harness inflation connector 28 do not communicate. In the other position, a groove 31 of the piston 30 communicates the supply 27 and the harness connector 28.
  • the piston 30 When the piston 30 is brought into the inflation position of the harness, it moves the plunger 29 to its position where the supply 27 is in communication with the restricted section passage 25 and with the "full flow” passage 26, if the plunger 29 is not already in this position.
  • This is a safety measure.
  • the first inspiration of the user through the mask can not be limited by an insufficient flow of additional gas.
  • the user can then, if he wishes and if he deems it useful, switch to "economic" mode by bringing the plunger 29 into the so-called “economic” position where only the restricted section passage 25 is in communication with the user.
  • Figure 1 shows a case where the user switches the actuator 23 to 2500 m to limit the additional gas flow rate to 0.65 1 / min (NTPD) below this altitude (see dotted line). Above this altitude, the user will stay or return to "full flow” of additional gas, positioning the actuator "full flow” / "economic” 23 in its position allowing the communication of the power supply 27 with the passage "Full flow” 26.
  • NTPD 0.65 1 / min
  • the flow restrictor 2 comprises a plurality of restricted section passages 25 of different caliber and which can be brought into communication selectively with the feed 27, so as to approach the flow curve corresponding to the physiological minimum by stages. corresponding to limited bit rates.
  • the demand regulator 1 is provided with a flow limiter 2 with altimetric capsule control.
  • Regulator 1 is identical to that described above.
  • the flow limiter 2 comprises an altimetric capsule 32 and a shutter 33, in addition to the "full flow” / "economic” actuator 23, the harness inflation lug 24, the passage with restricted section 25, the “full flow” passage 26, the supply 27 of additional gas, the harness connector 28, the plunger 29 and the piston 30 already described.
  • the plunger 29 and the piston 30 are independent.
  • the piston 30 is moved by the harness inflation lug 24 to put the groove 31 in communication with the feed 27 and the harness connector 28, but in this movement, the plunger 29 is not loaded, regardless of his position.
  • the feed 27 is connected to the restricted section and "full flow" passages 26, via a direct conduit 34.
  • the direct conduit 34 continuously supplies the feed 27 with the restricted section passage 25.
  • a control conduit 35 makes it possible to transmit the pressure of the additional gas in the feed 27 to the plunger 29.
  • the shutter 33 At low altitude, the shutter 33 is pressed, by a spring or the elasticity of the capsule, on a seat and closes the control conduit 35. At a predetermined altitude, the altimetric capsule 32 urges the shutter 33 sufficiently to overcome the action of the spring.
  • the control conduit 35 opens and the plunger 29 is moved under the pressure of the breathing gas in the "full flow” position, if it was in the "economic” position. Thus, the user is assured of always having a sufficient intake of respiratory gas whatever the altitude.
  • the on-demand regulator 1 is provided with a flow limiter 2 responsive to the pressure in the harness.
  • the regulator 1, in this embodiment is also identical to that described in relation to the first embodiment.
  • the flow limiter 2 comprises a safety conduit 36, between the piston 30 and the plunger 29, in addition to the "full flow” / "economic” actuator 23, of the inflation actuator harness 24, the restricted section passage 25, the “full flow” passage 26, the breathing gas supply 27, the harness connector 28, the plunger 29 and the piston 30 already described.
  • the plunger 29 and the piston 30 are independent.
  • the piston 30 is moved by the harness inflation ear 24 to put the 31 in communication with the power supply 27 and the harness connector 28.
  • the plunger 29 is not stressed, but the additional gas sent into the harness is also in the safety conduit 36 and with the same pressure. This pressure is sufficient to move the plunger 29 to the "full flow” position, if it was in the "economic” position.
  • the first inspiration of the user through the mask can not be limited by an insufficient flow of additional gas.
  • the regulator 1 can be placed on a user's seat, it is generally on civilian aircraft carried by the mask of this user.
  • the mask is in the standby position or stored in a receiving box 37.
  • the regulator 1 is advantageously provided with safety means intended to bring the normal actuator / 100% 3 into position. 100% when the mask equipped with the regulator 1 is out of the inbox 37.
  • safety means consist for example of an elastic latch 38 placed on the box 37 and intended to cooperate with a pin 39 of the normal actuator / 100% 3.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Druck- und Durchflußregulator für ein abrufbares und verdünntes Atemgas, aufweisend:
    - Zuführmittel (8) für ein Zusatzgas,
    - eine Ausstoßeinrichtung zum Mischen von Verdünnungsluft zu dem Zusatzgas, die mit einem Versorgungsausgang (4) für einen Verbraucher von verdünntem Zusatzgas verbunden ist,

    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Zuführung (8) Steuermittel (23) vorgesehen sind, die zum Verändern des Querschnitts des Durchlasses für das Zusatzgas zu der Ausstoßeinrichtung ausgebildet sind, indem sie eine Zusatzgasversorgung (27) zwischen mehreren Zuführdurchlässen (25, 26) umschalten, wobei wenigstens zwei Zuführdurchlässe (25, 26) unterschiedliche Querschnitte aufweisen.
  2. Regulator nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch zwei Zuführdurchlässe (25, 26), wobei einer der Durchlässe (25) einen geringeren Querschnitt als der andere Durchlass (26) aufweist.
  3. Regulator nach Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet durch Sicherheitsmittel (3), die das Umschalten der Zusatzgasversorgung auf den Durchlass (25) mit kleinerem Querschnitt verhindern, wenn keine Zufuhr von Verdünnungsluft vorhanden ist.
  4. Regulator nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, gekennzeichnet durch Sicherheitsmittel, welche die Zufuhr von unverdünntem Zusatzgas zu der Maske durch Unterbrechen der Luftzufuhr verhindern, wenn die Zusatzgasversorgung durch den Durchlass (25) mit dem geringsten Querschnitt erfolgt.
  5. Regulator nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuermittel (23) manuell betätigbar sind.
  6. Regulator nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine Höhenmesskapsel (32) zum Betätigen der Steuermittel (23) in Abhängigkeit von der Höhe.
  7. Atemmaske mit einem Druckregulator nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche.
  8. Atemmaske nach Anspruch 7, gekennzeichnet durch eine Betätigungseinrichtung für das Aufblasen eines Kopfgeschirrs (41), die dafür vorgesehen ist, die Zusatzgasversorgung (27) zum Aufblasen eines aufblasbaren Kopfgeschirrs mit demselben in Wirkverbindung zu bringen.
  9. Atemmaske nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuermittel (23) mit der Betätigungseinrichtung für das Aufblasen des Kopfgeschirrs (41) zusammenwirken, um die Zusatzgasversorgung (27) von einem Durchlass (25) mit geringerem Querschnitt auf einen Durchlass (26) mit größerem Querschnitt umzuschalten, wenn die Betätigungseinrichtung für das Aufblasen des Kopfgeschirrs (42) zum Aufblasen des Kopfgeschirrs eingesetzt wird.
  10. Atemmaske nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuermittel (23) unter dem Einfluss des Drucks des zum Aufblasen des Kopfgeschirrs verwendeten Gases die Atemgasversorgung (27) von einem Durchlass (25) mit geringerem Querschnitt auf einen Durchlass (26) mit größerem Querschnitt umschalten.
  11. Generator für angereichertes Atemgas, mit einem Druckregulator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6.
EP02291691A 2001-07-10 2002-07-05 Beatmungsgerät mit Durchflussbegrenzer Expired - Lifetime EP1275416B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0109153 2001-07-10
FR0109153A FR2827179B1 (fr) 2001-07-10 2001-07-10 Appareil respiratoire a limiteur de debit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1275416A1 EP1275416A1 (de) 2003-01-15
EP1275416B1 true EP1275416B1 (de) 2006-02-01

Family

ID=8865325

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02291691A Expired - Lifetime EP1275416B1 (de) 2001-07-10 2002-07-05 Beatmungsgerät mit Durchflussbegrenzer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6796306B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1275416B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2393068C (de)
DE (1) DE60208985T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2257517T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2827179B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7285195B2 (en) * 2004-06-24 2007-10-23 Applied Materials, Inc. Electric field reducing thrust plate
JP4510885B2 (ja) * 2004-07-15 2010-07-28 インテルテクニーク 要求型希釈マスクレギュレータ及びマスクレギュレータにおける補給用酸素の調節方法
US7527054B2 (en) * 2005-05-24 2009-05-05 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for controlling fraction of inspired oxygen
CN101426554B (zh) * 2006-04-20 2012-06-27 联合技术公司 用于空勤人员的呼吸装置
EP2089112B1 (de) 2006-12-05 2017-10-11 Zodiac Aerotechnics Atemgaszufuhrkreis zur versorgung von besatzungsmitgliedern und passagieren eines flugzeugs mit sauerstoff
EP2152578B1 (de) 2007-05-14 2012-08-29 Airbus Operations GmbH Sauerstoffzufuhrsystem für flugzeuge
EP2211996B1 (de) 2007-11-21 2011-09-07 Intertechnique Atemschutzmaske mit reduziertem sauerstoffverbrauch
US8428672B2 (en) * 2009-01-29 2013-04-23 Impact Instrumentation, Inc. Medical ventilator with autonomous control of oxygenation
WO2012116764A1 (en) 2011-02-28 2012-09-07 Intertechnique Method for protecting aircraft occupant and breathing mask
US9227091B2 (en) 2010-09-23 2016-01-05 Zodiac Aerotechnics Oxygen regulator to deliver breathing gas in an aircraft
US20110011403A1 (en) * 2010-09-26 2011-01-20 Richard William Heim Crew Mask Regulator Mechanical Curve Matching Dilution Valve
BR112013018271B1 (pt) 2011-02-21 2021-01-12 Zodiac Aerotechnics regulador de demanda de aeronave e método de regulação de diluição

Family Cites Families (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3526239A (en) * 1964-11-25 1970-09-01 Robertshaw Controls Co Oxygen diluter system
FR1557809A (de) 1967-12-19 1969-02-21
US3768466A (en) * 1970-12-21 1973-10-30 Bendix Corp Automatic oxygen breathing apparatus
GB1466382A (en) * 1973-10-18 1977-03-09 Cyprane Ltd Inhalation devices
GB1577943A (en) * 1976-05-24 1980-10-29 Secr Defence Gas mixing apparatus
US4436090A (en) * 1979-01-22 1984-03-13 Darling Phillip H Piston actuated, pilot valve operated breathing regulator
US4335735A (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-06-22 The Bendix Corporation Automatic diluter/demand oxygen regulator adapted for chemical or biological use
FR2559392B1 (fr) * 1984-02-15 1986-07-04 Intertechnique Sa Equipement de protection du personnel contre la contamination
US4648397A (en) * 1985-10-28 1987-03-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Electronically compensated pressure dilution demand regulator
FR2614118B1 (fr) * 1987-04-15 1989-07-13 Intertechnique Sa Regulateur a la demande de fourniture de gaz respiratoire
GB9208481D0 (en) * 1992-04-16 1992-06-03 Normalair Garrett Ltd Breathing demand regulators
GB9224797D0 (en) * 1992-11-26 1993-01-13 Normalair Garrett Ltd Air-oxygen mixture controllers for breathing demand regulators
US5540218A (en) * 1994-12-05 1996-07-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Respiratory system particularly suited for aircrew use
FR2781381B1 (fr) 1998-07-24 2000-09-29 Intertechnique Sa Regulateur a la demande pour systeme respiratoire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20030010340A1 (en) 2003-01-16
DE60208985D1 (de) 2006-04-13
CA2393068C (fr) 2008-11-25
FR2827179A1 (fr) 2003-01-17
ES2257517T3 (es) 2006-08-01
EP1275416A1 (de) 2003-01-15
FR2827179B1 (fr) 2004-02-20
CA2393068A1 (fr) 2003-01-10
US6796306B2 (en) 2004-09-28
DE60208985T2 (de) 2006-10-05

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