EP1273204B1 - Transducteur acoustique pour haut-parleur large bande ou ecouteur - Google Patents

Transducteur acoustique pour haut-parleur large bande ou ecouteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1273204B1
EP1273204B1 EP01929489A EP01929489A EP1273204B1 EP 1273204 B1 EP1273204 B1 EP 1273204B1 EP 01929489 A EP01929489 A EP 01929489A EP 01929489 A EP01929489 A EP 01929489A EP 1273204 B1 EP1273204 B1 EP 1273204B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acoustic transducer
magnetic field
magnetic resonance
membranes
printed conductors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01929489A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1273204A2 (fr
Inventor
Frank Baumgart
Thomas Kaulisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leibniz Institut fuer Neurobiologie
Original Assignee
Leibniz Institut fuer Neurobiologie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2000118033 external-priority patent/DE10018033C1/de
Priority claimed from DE2000118032 external-priority patent/DE10018032C1/de
Application filed by Leibniz Institut fuer Neurobiologie filed Critical Leibniz Institut fuer Neurobiologie
Publication of EP1273204A2 publication Critical patent/EP1273204A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1273204B1 publication Critical patent/EP1273204B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K13/00—Cones, diaphragms, or the like, for emitting or receiving sound in general

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an acoustic transducer for Broadband speakers or magnetless, electrodynamic Headphones for sound generation Use in a homogeneous and / or inhomogeneous magnetic field of a magnetic resonance tomograph.
  • Brain performance and cardiac dysfunction are due to their high noise emissions in the low-frequency range only through passive measures can be met inadequately, in application and clinical distribution limited (magazine “British Journal of Radiology “, volume 1994, issue 67, Pages 413 to 415; Journal of "Radiology”, vintage 1994, Issue 191, pages 91 to 93 in connection with the "Recommendation of the Radiation Protection Commission, adopted in the 131st meeting on June 22, 1995 ", page 17).
  • anti-noise represents a promising process for reduction of the noise emissions from MRI systems (magazine “Radiology”, 1989, issue 173, pages 549 to 550 and magazine “Proceedings of the Society of Magnetic Resonance "Volume 1995, Issue 2, page 1223) effective noise cancellation is for frequencies up to about 1 kHz but only possible if the anti-noise speaker a very small spatial distance from Noise source (the gradient tube inside the MRI magnets) and the anti-noise speaker has the acoustic Can reflect the field of interference.
  • Noise source the gradient tube inside the MRI magnets
  • Speakers previously designed for noise control directly in the tomograph which use the inhomogeneous portion of the magnetic field for electrodynamic coupling, are only suitable up to pitches of approx. 1 kHz due to their design and can also not be installed in the homogeneous area of the magnetic field (DE 197 27 657 C1 ).
  • the displacement principle on which the invention is based has already been described elsewhere in particular by reducing the effective mass Formation of air pockets (DE 2003 950, US 4039044, US 4160883).
  • the effective mass is determined by the use a membrane which is suitably driven and which air in the trained air pockets is displaced, reduced.
  • the desired big relationship from width to depth of the air pockets the relatively small spatial expansion of the magnetic field limited.
  • An essential aim of the invention is noise pollution through the MRI system during the examination to reduce.
  • Sound insulation with passive systems e.g. earplugs
  • Active systems existing from headphone system and soundproof capsules same damping and no psychoacoustic Effect weakening - on the contrary, loud music lowers it Sensitivity ("Noise Covering", effect enhancement) and the ability to communicate with music is called felt pleasant and increases comfort and lowers Dropout rate and the patient loses listening to music the sense of time is not.
  • the soundproofing of the earmuffs is greatly reduced since the large membrane does not contain any insulation materials allows more on the ear-facing side and they are very problematic in terms of security.
  • the combination of headphone system (capacity) and cable (Inductance) can cause damage if damaged Represent the resonant circuit, the radio frequency energy of the MRI transmitter records.
  • the system would work with the usual Transmitting powers may quickly get very hot and there is a risk of burns.
  • the invention has for its object an acoustic Converter for broadband speakers or headphones to create which in the magnetic field of a magnetic resonance tomograph can be used safely and reliably is high without interfering with imaging Quality requirements in a wide frequency range is enough, active noise abatement is made possible and simple and inexpensive to manufacture and in the form of implementation as headphones with an earmuff can be combined.
  • the invention in the form of implementation as a loudspeaker the underlying problem is that the high noise levels effective MRI systems through active noise abatement can be lowered if a powerful Antisound generator in the gradient tube of the MRI system can be installed.
  • a powerful Antisound generator in the gradient tube of the MRI system can be installed.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are that sound with defined properties in high Quality and high efficiency within the strong Magnetic field generated by a magnetic resonance tomograph can be. In addition to music and language, this also includes the generation of sound for active noise abatement, like they are not with hose line systems and others electrodynamic converters only in the inhomogeneous range of the magnetic field and in lower quality can be.
  • Loudspeakers can be mounted anywhere in the magnetic resonance tomograph and thus optimally adapted to the respective purpose. This aspect is essential for use as an anti-noise speaker.
  • the loudspeaker has a wide frequency band and in particular tones can be generated above a frequency of 1 kHz.
  • the principle applied of a drive that acts uniformly and uniformly on all parts of the loudspeaker diaphragm ensures that the bending vibrations and distortions that occur with conventional, local cone drives do not occur.
  • the use in a magnetic resonance tomograph enables a practically arbitrarily extended membrane due to the magnetic field which is spatially more extensive than the practical dimensions of the loudspeaker.
  • the extremely low effective mass possible as a result leads to high efficiency and a uniform transmission behavior over wide frequency ranges.
  • the use of a large membrane surface offers the possibility of effectively producing deep tones.
  • a headphones can be used up to now unmatched ratio of pleat depth to pleat height will be realized.
  • the effective mass of the transducer membrane is also very low here and the acoustic rigidity of the membrane very high and almost regardless of their mechanical properties.
  • a large fold area enables the application of many electrically conductive elements arranged in parallel, preferably flat wires.
  • the conductive elements are also electrically connected in parallel and thus result in a very low ohmic resistance of the arrangement.
  • the electrical losses are minimized and there is no heat development in the individual elements. This considerably increases the operational safety and the lifespan of the sound generator.
  • the arrangement has the advantage over the metal strips described (DE 2003 950) that only very low eddy currents can be generated in the conductive elements by the strong magnetic alternating fields generated by an MRI scanner with a frequency of up to 1500 Hz. This in turn prevents the conductive elements from heating up and in particular has no disruptive influences on the magnetic gradient fields of the magnetic resonance tomograph.
  • the magnetic field strengths (up to 3T) of an MRI scanner which are atypical for acoustic transducers, impart a large driving force (Lorentz force) to the membrane firmly connected to them, even at low, auditory currents through the electrically conductive elements. This enables effective sound radiation even at low currents.
  • the magnetic fields generated by these currents are correspondingly low and do not impair the homogeneity of the main field, which means that they have no disruptive influence on the imaging.
  • Fig. 1a shows a possible embodiment in which the membrane 1, consisting of elastic, not or only weakly magnetic material, such as paper, nonwoven or plastic along an axis orthogonal or almost orthogonal to the magnetic field B of the magnetic resonance tomograph in one or more folds or waves is arranged, or a corresponding arrangement is formed by several movably connected individual membranes.
  • the membrane 1 consisting of elastic, not or only weakly magnetic material, such as paper, nonwoven or plastic along an axis orthogonal or almost orthogonal to the magnetic field B of the magnetic resonance tomograph in one or more folds or waves is arranged, or a corresponding arrangement is formed by several movably connected individual membranes.
  • one or more conductor tracks 2 are in each case connected to the membrane 1 flatly and firmly in such a way that the direction of the conductor tracks runs parallel or almost parallel to the folding or bending axes.
  • FIG. 1b shows the arrangement shown in FIG. 1a when a current I flows through the conductor tracks 2.
  • the external magnetic field B of the magnetic resonance tomograph transmits a deflecting force on the conductor tracks 2, the orientation of which is determined by the direction of the current flowing through.
  • a conductor arrangement as described has the effect that the air pockets on one side of the folded or corrugated membrane surface 4 are narrowed by conductor tracks 2 moving towards one another, while the air pockets on the other side of the folded membrane are expanded.
  • a hearing-frequency current leads to a simultaneous and common opening or closing of the air pockets on both sides of the folded or corrugated membrane 1.
  • the pressure fluctuations caused by these movements within the swept air volume are emitted as sound waves on both sides perpendicular to the entire membrane surface.
  • the efficiency of this arrangement is optimal if the magnetic field B of the magnetic resonance tomograph is oriented perpendicular to the folded or corrugated total membrane surface. Deviating from this geometry, be it due to the curvature or twisting of the entire arrangement or of parts thereof, reduces the efficiency without, however, questioning the functionality.
  • a deviation from this geometry makes sense for headphones, be it by curving or twisting the entire arrangement or parts thereof.
  • the efficiency of the sound generation is reduced and thus the radiated sound energy is reduced to the usual and safe values for headphones.
  • the headphones can then be operated with an electrical power, as is usually provided by headphone outputs of audio devices.
  • the membrane is inserted into the earmuffs in such a way that it is almost parallel to the main field of the MRI scanner when worn.
  • the remaining space in the earmuffs is filled with acoustic insulation material so that passive attenuation is retained.
  • Fig. 2a shows an embodiment in which the Membrane 1, along one to magnetic field B of the magnetic resonance tomograph parallel or almost parallel Axis arranged in one or more folds or waves is, or a corresponding arrangement by several single membranes movably connected to each other becomes.
  • One or more flexible conductor tracks 2 are connected flatly and firmly to the membrane 1 in such a way that the direction of the conductor tracks 2 is orthogonal or almost orthogonal to the folding or bending axes 5 runs.
  • the conductor tracks 2 fitted in this way are electrically connected in parallel.
  • Fig. 2b shows the arrangement shown in Fig. 2a Flow of a current I through the conductor tracks 2.
  • the external magnetic field B of the magnetic resonance tomograph imparts a deforming force on the conductor tracks 2, their orientation by the direction of the flowing Current is determined.
  • a ladder arrangement as described causes the air pockets on a Side of the folded or corrugated membrane 1 narrowed be folded while those on the other side of the Membrane 1 air pockets are expanded.
  • a hearing frequency current leads to a sense of the same direction and opening or closing the air pockets together on both sides of the folded or corrugated membrane 1.
  • the pressure fluctuations caused by these movements within the swept air volume are sound waves on both sides perpendicular to the total membrane surface radiated.
  • the efficiency of this The arrangement is optimal if the magnetic field B of the magnetic resonance tomograph perpendicular to the conductor tracks 2 is oriented. A deviation from this geometry is it by curving or twisting the entire assembly or parts thereof, reduces efficiency, without however the functionality in question to deliver.
  • Fig. 3a shows the effective part of an embodiment (without holder), in which the membrane 1 along one to magnetic field B of the magnetic resonance tomograph orthogonal or almost orthogonal axis is arranged in one or more folds or waves, or a corresponding arrangement movable by several interconnected single membranes formed becomes.
  • One or more serving as feed lines 2b Conductors become flat and solid with the membrane 1 connected that the direction of the ladder orthogonal or runs almost orthogonally to the folding or bending axes.
  • one or more conductor tracks 2a flat and firmly connected to the membrane 1.
  • the conductor tracks 2a are with the leads 2b on both sides of the formed by the membrane 1 air pocket electrically connected in parallel.
  • the power must be supplied in such a way that one and the same electric current Conductor tracks 2a on opposite sides of the air pocket flows in the opposite orientation.
  • FIG. 3b shows such an arrangement when a Current I represents one when current flows through the Conductor tracks 2 causes force mediated by magnetic field B, that the formed by the folded membrane 1 Air pocket is expanded or narrowed.
  • a listening frequency Electricity causes within the swept air volume a pressure fluctuation in the same direction, which as Sound wave is emitted.
  • the arrangement shown in Fig. 3a and 3b enables by applying multiple parallel more effective Conductor tracks 2a a large area and eddy current free Driving the membrane 1. Taking into account the Large spatial compared to the dimensions of a transducer Extension of the magnetic field B of the magnetic resonance tomograph, so is the execution of a converter with additionally increased efficiency possible because the efficiency determining ratio of air pocket width a to air pocket depth b (see Fig. 3c) by enlargement the depth b can be reduced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Convertisseur acoustique pour haut-parleur à large bande ou écouteur pour la génération de sons et pour l'utilisation en champ magnétique homogène et/ou non homogène d'un tomographe à résonance magnétique recourant à la force de Lorentz,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les sons sont générés par une ou plusieurs membranes (1) formant des poches d'air, lesdites membranes (1) étant en matériau élastique non magnétique ou faiblement magnétique, et fixement reliées en nappe à des rails conducteurs (2) sur lesquels la force de Lorentz, transmise par le champ magnétique du tomographe à résonance magnétique, agit comme force d'entraínement, en cas de conduction de courant.
  2. Convertisseur acoustique selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les poches d'air sont formées par des surfaces (4) des membranes (1) et les surfaces (4) sont délimitées par des axes de pliage ou de courbure (5).
  3. Convertisseur acoustique selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les rails conducteurs (2) s'étendent parallèlement aux axes de pliage ou de courbure (5) et sont électriquement montés en ligne.
  4. Convertisseur acoustique selon la revendication 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    plusieurs rails conducteurs (2a) sont raccordés au moyen de lignes (2b) pour former un bloc de rails conducteurs (6) et les blocs de rails conducteurs (6) s'étendent parallèlement aux axes de pliage ou de courbure (5).
  5. Convertisseur acoustique selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les rails conducteurs (2) s'étendent orthogonalement ou presque orthogonalement aux axes de pliage ou de courbure (5).
  6. Convertisseur acoustique selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    plusieurs rails conducteurs (2) sont électriquement montés en parallèle.
  7. Convertisseur acoustique selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pour une élévation du degré d'efficacité, deux ou plusieurs membranes (1) sont disposées de manière à ce qu'un renvoi dans le sens inverse réalise le refoulement d'un important volume d'air.
  8. Convertisseur acoustique selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le pliage d'une ou de plusieurs membranes (1) ainsi que la fixation des rails conducteurs (2) le long des surfaces (4) provoque une orientation alternée en sens opposés de la conduction de courant par les rails conducteurs (2).
  9. Convertisseur acoustique selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la disposition compensatoire des rails conducteurs (2) minimise le champ magnétique additionnel créé dans l'environnement du haut-parleur.
  10. Convertisseur acoustique réalisé sous forme de haut-parleur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il est formé comme habillage des parois intérieures du tomographe avec des agrafes comme haut-parleur volumique.
  11. Convertisseur acoustique réalisé sous forme de haut-parleur selon la revendication 1, destiné à être utilisé en tant que haut-parleur absorbeur de bruit.
  12. Convertisseur acoustique réalisé sous forme de haut-parleur selon la revendication 1, destiné à être utilisé à l'intérieur de la partie d'une installation d'interphone disposée dans le tomographe à résonance magnétique.
EP01929489A 2000-04-04 2001-04-02 Transducteur acoustique pour haut-parleur large bande ou ecouteur Expired - Lifetime EP1273204B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000118033 DE10018033C1 (de) 2000-04-04 2000-04-04 Breitband-Lautsprecher
DE10018032 2000-04-04
DE10018033 2000-04-04
DE2000118032 DE10018032C1 (de) 2000-04-04 2000-04-04 Akustischer Wandler für Kopfhörer
PCT/EP2001/003720 WO2001076320A2 (fr) 2000-04-04 2001-04-02 Transducteur acoustique pour haut-parleur large bande ou ecouteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1273204A2 EP1273204A2 (fr) 2003-01-08
EP1273204B1 true EP1273204B1 (fr) 2004-08-11

Family

ID=26005277

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01929489A Expired - Lifetime EP1273204B1 (fr) 2000-04-04 2001-04-02 Transducteur acoustique pour haut-parleur large bande ou ecouteur

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20030161494A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1273204B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004516690A (fr)
AT (1) ATE273604T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2001256247A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2405436A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50103233D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001076320A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101362773B1 (ko) 2012-10-24 2014-02-14 삼성전자주식회사 Ｍｒｉ 장치의 자기장을 이용하는 전기 음향 변환기, ｍｒｉ 음향 시스템 및 음향 출력 장치
US9702947B2 (en) 2012-10-24 2017-07-11 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. MRI acoustic system, acoustic output device, and electro-acoustic transducer
GB2524550A (en) * 2014-03-27 2015-09-30 Nokia Technologies Oy An apparatus and method of providing an acoustic signal
EP3545689A4 (fr) 2016-11-28 2020-07-01 Innovere Medical Inc. Systèmes, procédés et dispositifs de communication dans des environnements bruyants

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3636278A (en) * 1969-02-19 1972-01-18 Heil Scient Lab Inc Acoustic transducer with a diaphragm forming a plurality of adjacent narrow air spaces open only at one side with the open sides of adjacent air spaces alternatingly facing in opposite directions
US3898598A (en) * 1974-01-24 1975-08-05 Foster Tsushin Kogyo Dynamic electroacoustic transducer
US4056697A (en) * 1976-09-03 1977-11-01 Oskar Heil Movable diaphragm connector method flexible hinge diaphragm surround and electro-acoustic transducer with folded diaphragm with intermediate flexible portions
JPS56100600A (en) * 1980-01-14 1981-08-12 Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd Electrostatic speaker
US4550228A (en) * 1983-02-22 1985-10-29 Apogee Acoustics, Inc. Ribbon speaker system
NL8402024A (nl) * 1984-06-27 1986-01-16 Philips Nv Kernspin resonantie apparaat met communicatie systeem.
US5195143A (en) * 1991-05-31 1993-03-16 Apogee Acoustics, Inc. Acoustical ribbon transducer loudspeaker system
BE1007806A3 (nl) * 1993-11-30 1995-10-24 Philips Electronics Nv Magnetisch resonantie apparaat bevattende een communicatiesysteem.
DE19727657C1 (de) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-14 Inst Neurobiologie Direktor Pr Antischallautsprecher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001256247A1 (en) 2001-10-15
WO2001076320A2 (fr) 2001-10-11
EP1273204A2 (fr) 2003-01-08
DE50103233D1 (de) 2004-09-16
WO2001076320A3 (fr) 2002-04-18
ATE273604T1 (de) 2004-08-15
JP2004516690A (ja) 2004-06-03
CA2405436A1 (fr) 2002-10-04
US20030161494A1 (en) 2003-08-28

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