EP1267810A2 - Procede de coloration capillaire - Google Patents

Procede de coloration capillaire

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Publication number
EP1267810A2
EP1267810A2 EP01924553A EP01924553A EP1267810A2 EP 1267810 A2 EP1267810 A2 EP 1267810A2 EP 01924553 A EP01924553 A EP 01924553A EP 01924553 A EP01924553 A EP 01924553A EP 1267810 A2 EP1267810 A2 EP 1267810A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hair
composition
colour
compositions
colour altering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01924553A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nicholas William Geary
Dieter Hans Josef Langsch
Simon Paul Godfrey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0008675A external-priority patent/GB0008675D0/en
Priority claimed from GB0019833A external-priority patent/GB0019833D0/en
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Publication of EP1267810A2 publication Critical patent/EP1267810A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/86—Polyethers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/34—Alcohols
    • A61K8/347—Phenols
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A61K8/365—Hydroxycarboxylic acids; Ketocarboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/41—Amines
    • A61K8/411—Aromatic amines, i.e. where the amino group is directly linked to the aromatic nucleus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/41—Amines
    • A61K8/415—Aminophenols
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
    • A61K8/463—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfuric acid derivatives, e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K8/4906—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • A61K8/4926—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom having six membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/06—Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
    • A61Q5/065—Preparations for temporary colouring the hair, e.g. direct dyes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods for altering the colour of human or animal hair, and more especially to methods which are convenient and which provide excellent hair colouring and conditioning.
  • Oxidative dyes are commonly used to provide permanent colour to the hair.
  • a conventional method for colouring hair using oxidative dyes involves applying to dry hair a hair colouring composition containing oxidative dyes and an oxidising agent and leaving the composition on the hair for around 20-30 minutes before the composition is rinsed from the hair.
  • the hair is treated with a mixture of oxidative hair colouring agents and an oxidising agent.
  • Hydrogen peroxide is the most commonly used oxidising agent.
  • the product is sold as a kit containing separately packaged hair dye components and oxidising components. The consumer is then instructed to mix the two components together prior to application on the head. This is time consuming and messy for the consumer.
  • the hair colouring method of the present invention which comprises short multiple applications of hair colour altering composition to the hair provides a greater colour change (as measured by Delta E) than conventional methods wherein a single application of dye composition is used and left on the hair for around 20-30 minutes.
  • the method of the present invention provides greater colour changes (as measured by Delta E) without increasing damage to the hair.
  • the method of the present invention provides improved conditioning, in particular improved ease of combing.
  • the method of the present invention provides increased convenience and ease of use. Indeed, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of hair colouring which can be used as part of the conventional cleansing and conditioning routine used by consumers in the bath and shower.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method of altering the colour of human or animal hair.
  • a method of providing permanent, semi-permanent or demi-permanent colour to human or animal hair comprising the steps of (a) applying to hair a hair colour altering composition, (b) leaving the hair colour altering composition on the hair for from about 0.5 to about 15 minutes and then (c) optionally, rinsing the hair colour altering composition from the hair, wherein steps (a), (b) and (c) are repeated from about once a month to about 3 times a day.
  • compositions herein are expressed in terms of the total composition, and refers to the composition in the form of intended use, i.e. the final composition which is intended for application to the hair.
  • the hair colouring method comprises the steps of (a) applying to hair a hair colour altering composition, (b) leaving the hair colour altering composition on the hair for about 0.5 to about 15 minutes and then (c) optionally, rinsing the hair colour altering composition from the hair, wherein steps (a), (b) and (c) are repeated from about once a month and to about 3 times a day, preferably from about once a week to about 7 times a week, preferably from about 2 times to about 6 times a week, more preferably from about 2 times to about 4 times a week.
  • steps (a), (b) and (c) are repeated at least 4 times in total, preferably at least 6 times in total.
  • the hair colour altering composition is rinsed from the hair after step (b).
  • the method also comprises a step (al) of shampooing the hair and rinsing the shampoo from the hair immediately before step (a).
  • steps (al), (a), (b) and (c) are repeated from about once a month to about 3 times a day, preferably from about once a week and about 7 times a week, preferably between about 2 times a week and about 6 times a week, more preferably between about 2 times and about 4 times a week.
  • the hair colour altering composition is applied to wet hair, which has been shampooed or otherwise.
  • the hair colour altering composition is left on the hair for from about 0.5 minutes to about 5 minutes, preferably from about 1 minute to about 5 minutes, more preferably from about 1 minute to about 3 minutes. Since this method relies on using short multiple applications of a hair colouring composition compared to conventional methods which use a "one-shot" 20-30 minute application of a hair colouring composition, the present method is ideal for use in the shower, particularly as part of the conventional shampoo and conditioning regime.
  • the methods of the present invention are used to deliver permanent, semi-permanent or demi- permanent colour changes to the hair, preferably permanent, such as for example by using oxidative hair colouring agents.
  • the term 'hair' to be treated may be living 1 i.e. on a living body or may be 'nonliving 1 i.e. in a wig, hairpiece or other aggregation of non-living fibres, such as those used in textiles and fabrics.
  • Mammalian, preferably human hair is preferred.
  • wool, fur and other melanin containing fibres are suitable substrates for the compositions according to the present invention.
  • the term liair colour altering composition' is used in the broad sense in that it is intended to encompass compositions containing at least one hair colour altering agent.
  • the term 'hair colour altering composition' is intended to apply to compositions which contain, in addition to at least one hair colour altering agent, such things as, by way of example, but not limited to oxidising agents, oxidising aids, sequestrants, stabilisers, thickeners, buffers, carriers, surfactants, solvents, antioxidants, polymers, UN filters and additional conditioning agents.
  • the hair colour altering compositions herein comprise at least one hair colour altering agent.
  • the hair colour altering agent herein can be any colouring agent suitable for use in altering the colour of the hair.
  • Suitable hair colour altering agents include, but are not limited to, oxidative dyes, photographic dyes, acid dyes, neutral dyes, cationic dyes, reactive dyes, VAT dyes, and mixtures thereof.
  • Bleaching agents such as hydrogen peroxide can also be classed as a hair colour altering agent herein since although it is not a colouring agent, it alters the colour of the hair hair (as measured by Delta E), i.e. bleaching.
  • Particularly preferred for use herein are oxidative dyes.
  • the hair color altering compositions used in the method of the present invention preferably include an oxidative or non-oxidative hair coloring agent.
  • Such hair coloring agents are used to formulate permanent, demi-permanent, semi-permanent hair dye compositions.
  • Permanent hair dye compositions as defined herein are compositions which once applied to the hair are substantially resistant to wash-out.
  • Demi-permanent hair dye compositions as defined herein are compositions which are substantially removed from the hair after up to 24 washes.
  • Semi-permanent hair dye compositions as defined herein are compositions which once applied to the hair are substantially removed from the hair after up to 10 washes.
  • Temporary hair dye compositions as defined herein are compositions which once applied to the hair are substantially removed from the hair after up to 2 washes.
  • a preferred hair coloring agent herein is an oxidative hair coloring agent.
  • concentration of each oxidative hair coloring agent in the coloring compositions according to the present invention is preferably from about 0.001% to about 3% by weight, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 2% by weight.
  • the total combined level of oxidative hair coloring agents in the compositions used in the methods of the present invention is from about 0.001% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 4%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 3%, most preferably from about 0.1 % to about 1% by weight.
  • Any oxidative hair coloring agent can be used in the compositions herein.
  • oxidative hair coloring agents consist essentially of at least two components, which are collectively referred to as dye forming intermediates (or precursors). Dye forming intermediates can react in the presence of a suitable oxidant to form a colored molecule.
  • the dye forming intermediates used in oxidative hair colorants include: aromatic diamines, aminophenols, various heterocycles, phenols, napthols and their various derivatives. These dye forming intermediates can be broadly classified as; primary intermediate ' s and secondary intermediates.
  • Primary intermediates which are also known as oxidative dye precursors, are chemical compounds which become activated upon oxidation and can then react with each other and/or with couplers to form colored dye complexes.
  • the secondary intermediates also known as color modifiers or couplers, are generally colorless molecules which can form colors in the presence of activated precursors/primary intermediates, and are used with other intermediates to generate specific color effects or to stabilise the color.
  • Primary intermediates suitable for use in the compositions and processes herein include: aromatic examines, polyhydric phenols, amino phenols and derivatives of these aromatic compounds (e.g., N-substituted derivatives of the amines, and ethers of the phenols). Such primary intermediates are generally colorless molecules prior to oxidation.
  • the process by which color is generated from these primary intermediates and secondary coupler compounds generally includes a stepwise sequence whereby the primary intermediate can become activated (by oxidation), and then enjoins with a coupler to give a dimeric, conjugated colored species, which in turn can enjoin with another 'activate primary intermediate to produce a trimeric conjugated colored molecule.
  • oxidative dye primary intermediates include those monomeric materials which, on oxidation, form oligomers or polymers haying extended conjugated systems of electrons in their molecular structure. Because of the new electronic structure, the resultant oligomers and polymers exhibit a shift in their electronic spectra to the visible range and appear colored.
  • oxidative primary intermediates capable of forming colored polymers include materials such as aniline, which has a single functional group and which, on oxidation, forms a series of conjugated imines and quinoid dimers, trimers, etc. ranging in color from green to black.
  • Oxidative dyes known in the art can be used in the compositions according to the present invention.
  • a representative list of primary intermediates and secondary couplers suitable for use herein is found in Sagarin, "Cosmetic Science and Technology"," ftiterscience, Special Ed. Vol. 2 pages 308 to 310. It is to be understood that the primary intermediates detailed below are only by way of example and are not intended to limit the compositions and processes herein.
  • the typical aromatic diamines, polyhydric phenols, amino phenols, and derivatives thereof, described above as primary intermediates can also have additional substituents on the aromatic ring, e.g. halogen, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, nitro, sulfonic acid and substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbon groups, as well as additional substituents on the amino nitrogen and on the phenolic oxygen, e.g. substituted and unsubstituted alkyl and aryl groups.
  • Suitable aromatic diamines, amino phenols, polyhydric phenols and derivatives thereof, respectively, are compounds having the general formulas (I), (H) and (HI) below:
  • Y is hydrogen, halogen, (e.g. fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine), nitro, amino, hydroxyl,
  • R j , R2, R3 and R4 are the same or different from each other and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Ci to C4 alkyl or alkenyl and C ⁇ to C9 aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, and R5 is hydrogen, to C4 unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or alkenyl wherein the substituents are selected from those designated as Y, above, or C ⁇ to C9 unsubstituted or substituted aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl wherein the substituents are selected from those defined as Y, above.
  • the precursors of formula (I) are amines, they can be used herein in the form of peroxide-compatible salts, as noted, wherein X represents peroxide-compatible anions of the type herein before detailed.
  • the general formula of the salt indicated is to be understood to encompass those salts having mono-, di-, and tri-negative anions.
  • formula (I) compounds are: o-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 2-chloro-p-phenylenediamine, 2-iodo-p-phenylenediamine, 4-nitro-o- phenylenediamine, 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine, 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, 2-hydroxy-p- phenylenediamine, 2,4-diaminobenzoic acid, sodium 2,4-diaminobenzoate, calcium di-2,4- diaminobenzoate, ammonium 2,4-diaminobenzoate, trimethylammonium2,4-, diaminobenzoate, tri-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium 2,4-diaminobenzoate, 2,4-diaminobenzaldehyde carbonate, 2,4-diaminobenzensulfomcacid,potassium2,
  • R ⁇ and R.2 can be the same or different from each other and are the same as in formula (I)
  • R5 is the same as in formula (I) and R5 is hydrogen or C to C4 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl wherein the substituents are selected from those defined as Y in formula (I).
  • formula (IT) compounds are: o-aminophenol, m-aminophenol, p-aminophenol, 2-iodo-p-aminophenol, 2-nitro-p- aminophenol, 3,4-dihydroxyaniline, 3,4-diaminophenol, chloroacetate, 2-hydroxy-4- aminobenzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-4-aminobenzaldehyde, 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, N,N-diisopropyl-p-aminophenol, N-methyl-N-( 1 -propenyl)-p-aminophenol, N-pheny 1- N-benzyl-p-aminophenol sulphate, N-methyl-N-(3-ethylphenyl)-p-aminophenol, 2-nitro-5- ethyl-p-aminophenol, 2-nitro-5-(2-bromoethyl)-p-aminophenol, (2-hydroxy-5- aminopheny
  • formula (in) compounds are: - o-hydroxyphenol(catechol),m-hydroxyphenol (resorcinol), p-hydroxyphenol (hydroquinone), 4-methoxyphenol, 2-methoxyphenol, 4-(2-chloroethoxy) phenol, 4-(2-propenoxy) phenol, 4- (3-chloro-2-propenoxy) phenol, 2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenol (2-chlorohydroquinone), 2-nitro- 4-hydroxyphenol(2-nitrohydroquinone), 2-amino-4-hydroxyphenol, 1 ,2,3-trihydroxybenzene (pyrogallol), 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-dihydoxybenzoic acid, 2,4- dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, 3-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenol, 3-(2-nitroethyl)-4-hydroxyphenol, 3-(2-propenyl)-4-hydroxyphenol, 3-(3-chloro-2-propenyl)-4-hydroxyphenol, 2-phenyl
  • Secondary coupling compounds which are suitable for inclusion in the coloring compositions and processes herein before described include certain aromatic amines and phenols and derivatives thereof which do not produce color singly, but which modify the color, shade or intensity of the colors developed by the primary oxidized dye intermediates.
  • Polyhydric alcohols are also suitable for use as couplers herein.
  • aromatic amines and phenols and derivatives described above as couplers can also have additional substituents on the aromatic ring, e.g., halogen, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, nitro, sulfonyl and substituted and unsubstituted by hydrocarbon groups, as well as additional substituents on the amino nitrogen, or phenolic oxygen, e.g. substituted and unsubstituted alkyl and aryl groups.
  • peroxide-compatible salts thereof are suitable for use herein.
  • Z is hydrogen, C ⁇ and C3 alkyl, halogen (e.g. fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine) nitro,
  • -COOM or SO3M (where M is hydrogen or an alkali or alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium wherein one or more hydrogens on the ammonium ion is replaced with a 1 to 3 carbon atom alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical), wherein Ri and R2 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C to C4 alkyl or alkenyl and C to C9 aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl and R7 is hydrogen, Ci to C4 unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or alkenyl wherein the substituents are selected from those designated as Z above or C ⁇ to C9 unsubstituted or substituted aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl wherein the substituents are selected from those defined as Z above and wherein X is as defined in formula (1).
  • formula (TV) compounds are: aniline, p-cUoroaniline, p-fluoroaniline, p-nitroaniline, p-aminobenzaldehyde, p-aminobenzoic acid, sodium-p-aminobenzoate, lithium-p-aminobenzoate, calcium m-p-aminobenzoate, ammonium-p-aminobenzoate, trimethylarmnonium-p-aminobenzoate, tri(2-hydroxyethyl)-p- aminobenzoate, p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, potassium p-aminobenzenesulfonate, N- methylaniline, N-propyl-N-phenylaniline, N-methyl-N-2-propenylaniline, N-benzylaniline, N- (2-ethylphenyl)aniline, 4-methylaniline, 4-(2-bromoethyl)aniline, 2-(2-brom
  • Z and R7 are defined as in formula (IV) and Rg is hydrogen or C ⁇ to C4 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl wherein the substituents are selected from those defined as Z in formula (TV).
  • formula (V) compounds are: phenol, p-chlorophenol, p-nitrophenol, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p- hydroxybenzenesulfbnic acid, ethylphenyl ether, 2-chloroethylphenyl ether, 2-nitroethylphenyl ether, phenoxyacetaldehyde, phenoxyacetic acid, 3-phenoxy-l-propene, 3-phenoxy-2-nitro- 1-propene, 3-phenoxy-2-bromo-l -propene, 4-propylphenol, 4-(3-bromopropyl)phenol, 2-(2- nitroethyl)phenol, (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde, (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, 4-(2- propenyl)phenol, 4-phenylphenol, 4-benzylphenol, 4-(3-fluoro-2-propenyl)phenol, 4-(4- chlorobenz
  • Additional primary intermediates suitable for use herein include catechol species and in particular catechol "dopa” species which includes dopa itself as well as homologs, analogs and derivatives of DOPA.
  • suitable cachetol species include cysteinyl dopa, alpha alkyl dopa having 1 to 4 , preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, epinephrine and dopa alkyl esters having 1 to 6 , preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
  • Ri , R2 and R3, which may be the same or different, are electron donor or acceptor substutuents selected from H, lower (Ci-Cg) alkyl, OH, OR, COOR, NHCOR, CN, COOH, Halogen, NO2, CF 3 , S ⁇ 3H orNR4R5, with the proviso that only one of the Ri , R2 or R3 can be CN, COOH, halogen, NO2, CF3 or SO3H: R4 and R5, whichmay be the same or different, are H, lower (C ⁇ -Cg) alkyl or substituted lower (C i -Cg) alkyl in which the substituent may be OH, OR, NHCOR ⁇ , NHCONH2, NHC0 2 R6, NHCSNH 2> CN, COOH, SO3H, S0 2 NR6, S0 2 R6 or C0 2 ; R ⁇ is lower (Ci-C 6 ) alkyl, lower (C ⁇ -C 6 )
  • oxidative hair coloring agents of the formula:
  • the primary intermediates can be used herein alone or in combination with other primary intermediates, and one or more can be used in combination with one or more couplers.
  • the choice of primary intermediates and couplers will be determined by the color, shade and intensity of coloration which is desired.
  • low intensity colors such as natural blond to light brown hair shades generally comprise from about 0.001% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.2%> to about 1% by weight of coloring composition of total oxidative dyeing agents and may be achieved by the combination of primary intermediates such as 1,4- diamino-benzene, 2,5-diamino toluene, 2,5-diamino-anisole, 4-aminophenol, 2,5-diamino- benzyl alcohol and 2-(2',5'-diamino)phenyl-ethanol with couplers such as resorcinol, 2-methyl resorcinol or 4-chloro resorcinol.
  • primary intermediates such as 1,4- diamino-benzene, 2,5-diamino toluene, 2,5-diamino-anisole, 4-aminophenol, 2,5-diamino- benzyl alcohol and 2-(
  • Couplers such as, 5-amino-2- methyl phenol and 1,3-diamino-benzene derivatives such as 2,4-diamino-anisole at levels of from about 0.5% to about 1% of total dyeing agents can lead to medium intensity red colors.
  • High intensity colors such as blue to blue-violet hair shades can be produced by the combination of the above primary intermediates with couplers such as 1,3-diamino-benzene or its derivatives such as 2,5-diamino-toluene at levels of from about 1% to about 6% by weight of composition of total dyeing agents.
  • Black hair colors can be obtained by combining the aforementioned primary intermediates with couplers such as 1,3-diaminobenzene or its derivatives
  • the hair coloring compositions of the present invention may, in addition to or instead of an oxidative hair coloring agent, include non-oxidative and other dye materials.
  • Optional non- oxidative and other dyes suitable for use in the hair coloring compositions and processes according to the present invention include both semi-permanent, temporary and other dyes.
  • Non-oxidative dyes as defined herein include the so-called 'direct action dyes', metallic dyes, metal chelate dyes, fibre reactive dyes and other synthetic and natural dyes.
  • Various types of non-oxidative dyes are detailed in: 'Chemical and Physical Behaviour of Human Hair 1 3rd Ed. by Clarence Robbins (pp250-259); 'The Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetics'. Volume IN 2nd Ed. Maison G.
  • Direct action dyes which do not require an oxidative effect in order to develop the color, are also designated hair tints and have long been known in the art. They are usually applied to the hair in a base matrix which includes surfactant material. Direct action dyes include nitro dyes such as the derivatives of nitroamino benzene or nitroaminophenol; disperse dyes such as nitroaryl amines, aminoanthraquinones or azo dyes; anthraquinone dyes, naphthoquinone dyes; basic dyes such as Acridine Orange CI. 46005. In the case of direct dyes, these are preferably used in combination with an oxidative hair colouring agent in the compositions herein.
  • Nitrodyes are added to dyeing compositions to enhance the colour of the colorant and to add suitable aesthetic colour to the dye mixture prior to application.
  • direct action dyes include the Arianor dyes basic brown 17, CI.(color index) - no. 12,251; basic red 76, CI. - 12,245; basic brown 16, CI. - 12,250; basic yellow 57, CI. - 12,719 and basic blue 99, CI. - 56,059 and further direct action dyes such as acid yellow 1, CI. - 10,316 (D&C yellow no.7); acid yellow 9, CI. - 13,015; basic violet CI. - 45,170; disperse yellow 3, CI. - 11,855; basic yellow 57, CI. - 12,719; disperse yellow 1, CI. - 10,345; basic violet 1, CI.
  • Fibre reactive dyes include the Procion (RTM), Drimarene (RTM), Cibacron (RTM), Levafix (RTM) and Remazol (RTM) dyes available from ICI, Sandoz, Ciba-Geigy, Bayer and Hoechst respectively.
  • Natural dyes and vegetable dyes as defined herein include henna (Lawsonia alba), camomile (Matricaria chamomila or Anthemis nobilis), indigo, logwood and walnut hull extract.
  • Temporary hair dyes are generally comprised of dye molecules which are too large to diffuse into the hair shaft and which act on the exterior of the hair. They are usually applied via a leave-in procedure in which the dye solution is allowed to dry on the hair surface. As such these dyes are typically less resistant to the effects of washing and cleaning the hair with surface active agents and are washed off of the hair with relative ease. Any temporary hair dye may suitably be used in the compositions of the invention and examples of preferred temporary hair dyes are illustrated below. Temporary dyes are preferably used together with an oxidative colouring agent in the composition herein.
  • Semi-permanent hair dyes are dyes which are generally smaller in size and effect to temporary hair rinses but are generally larger than permanent (oxidative) dyes.
  • semi-permanent dyes act in a similar manner to oxidative dyes in that they have the potential to diffuse into the hair shaft.
  • semi-permanent dyes are generally smaller in size than the aforementioned conjugated oxidative dye molecules and as such are pre-disposed to gradual diffusion out of the hair again. Simple hair washing and cleaning action will encourage this process and in general semi-permanent dyes are largely washed out of the hair after about 5 to 8 washes. Any semi-permanent dye system may be suitably used in the compositions of the present invention.
  • Suitable semi-permanent dyes for use in the compositions of the present invention are HC Blue 2, HC Yellow 4, HC Red 3, Disperse Violet 4, Disperse Black 9, HC Blue 7, HC Yellow 2, Disperse Blue 3, Disperse violet 1 and mixtures thereof. Examples of semi-permanent dyes are illustrated below:
  • Typical semi-permanent dye systems incorporate mixtures of both large and small color molecules. As the size of the hair is not uniform from root to tip the small molecules will diffuse both at the root and tip, but will not be retained within the tip, while the larger molecules will be generally only be able to diffuse into the ends of the hair. This combination of dye molecule size is used to help give consistent color results from the root to the tip of the hair both during the initial dyeing process and during subsequent washing.
  • oxidising agents such as hydrogen peroxide may also be classed herein as a hair colour altering agent. Therefore the compositions herein can contain an oxidising agent as the sole hair colour altering agent. This is particularly the case when it is desired to produce blond shades. When other shades are required however it is also necessary to have another hair colouring agent present, for example, an oxidative hair colouring agent.
  • compositions herein preferably comprise at least one oxidising agent, which may be an inorganic or organic oxidising agent.
  • the oxidising agent is preferably present at a level of from about 0.01% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 6%, more preferably from about 1% to about 4% by weight of composition.
  • a preferred oxidising agent for use herein is an inorganic peroxygen oxidising agent
  • the inorganic peroxygen oxidising agent should be safe and effective for use in the compositions herein.
  • the inorganic peroxygen oxidising agents suitable for use herein will be soluble in the compositions according to the present invention when in liquid form or in the form intended to be used.
  • inorganic peroxygen oxidising agents suitable for use herein will be water-soluble.
  • Water soluble oxidising agents as defined herein means agents which have a solubility to the extent of about lOg in 1000ml of deionised water at 25°C ("Chemistry" C E. Mortimer. 5th Edn. p277).
  • the inorganic peroxygen oxidising agents useful herein are generally inorganic peroxygen materials capable of yielding peroxide in an aqueous solution.
  • Inorganic peroxygen oxidising agents are well known in the art and include hydrogen peroxide, inorganic alkali metal peroxides such as sodium periodate, sodium perbromate and sodium peroxide, and inorganic perhydrate salt oxidising compounds, such as the alkali metal salts of perborates, percarbonates, perphosp ates, persilicates, persulphates and the like. These inorganic perhydrate salts may be incorporated as monohydrates, tetrahydrates etc. Mixtures of two or more of such inorganic peroxygen oxidising agents can be used if desired. While alkali metal bromates and iodates are suitable for use herein the bromates are preferred. Highly preferred for use in the compositions according to the present invention is hydrogen peroxide.
  • the inorganic peroxygen oxidising agent is present at a level of from about 0.01% to less than about 6%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 4%, more preferably from about l%o to about 4%, more preferably from about 2% to about 3% by weight of composition.
  • compositions herein may instead or in addition to the inorganic peroxygen oxidising agent(s), comprise one or more preformed organic peroxyacid oxidising agents.
  • Suitable organic peroxyacid oxidising agents for use in the coloring compositions according to the present invention have the general formula:
  • R - C (O) OOH wherein R is selected from saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight or branched chain, alkyl, aryl or alkaryl groups with from 1 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • a class of organic peroxyacid compounds suitable for use herein are the amide substituted compounds of the following general formulae:
  • R* is, a saturated or unsaturated alkyl or alkaryl group, or an aryl group, having from 1 to 14 carbon atoms
  • R ⁇ is, a saturated or unsaturated alkyl or alkaryl group, or an aryl group, having from 1 to 14 carbon atoms
  • R ⁇ is H or, a saturated or unsaturated alkyl or alkaryl group, or an aryl group, having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • Amide substituted organic peroxyacid compounds of this type are described in EP-A-0, 170,386.
  • organic peroxyacid oxidising agents include peracetic, pernanoic, nonylamidoperoxycaproic acid (NAPCA), perbenzoic, m-chloroperbenzoic, di-peroxy- isophthalic, mono-peroxyphthaUc, peroxylauric, hexanesulphonyl peroxy propionic, N,N- phthaloylamino peroxycaproic, monoper succinic, nonanoyloxybenzoic, dodecanedioyl- monoperoxybenzoic, nonylamide of peroxyadipic acid, diacyl and tetraacylperoxides, especially diperoxydodecanedioic acid, diperoxytetradecanedioic acid and diperoxyhexadecanedioic acid and derivatives thereof. Mono- and diperazelaic acid, mono- and diperbrassylic acid and N-phthaloylaminoperoxicapro
  • the preformed organic peroxyacid oxidising agents should be safe and effective for use in the compositions herein.
  • the preformed organic peroxyacid oxidising agents suitable for use herein will be soluble in the compositions according to the present invention when in liquid form and in the form intended to be used.
  • organic peroxyacid oxidising agents suitable for use herein will be water-soluble.
  • Water-soluble preformed organic peroxyacid oxidising agents as defined herein means agents which have a solubility to the extent of about lOg in 1000ml of deionised water at 25°C ("Chemistry" C. E. Mortimer. 5th Edn. p277).
  • the preferred peroxyacid materials suitable for use herein are selected from peracetic and pernanoic acids and mixtures thereof.
  • the preformed organic peroxyacid oxidising agent is preferably present at a level of from about 0.01 % to about 8%, more preferably from about 0.1 % to about 6%, most preferably from about 0.2% to about 4%, and especially from about 0.3% to about 3% by weight of the hair coloring composition.
  • the weight ratio of the inorganic peroxygen oxidising agent to the preformed organic peroxy acid is preferably in the range of from about 0.0125: 1 to about 500:1, more preferably from about 0.0125: 1 to about 50:1.
  • compositions according to the present invention may optionally comprise additional organic peroxides such as ureaperoxide, melamine peroxide and mixtures thereof.
  • additional organic peroxides such as ureaperoxide, melamine peroxide and mixtures thereof.
  • the level of organic peroxide, where present, is from about 0.01 % to about 3%>, preferably from about 0.01% to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 1.5% and most preferably from about 0.2% to about 1% by weight of composition.
  • the hair colour altering composition preferably comprises one or more hair conditioning agents.
  • the conditioning agent herein can be any conditioning agent suitable for use in conditioning hair
  • the conditioning agent is preferably present at a level of from about 0.1% to about 25%, preferably from about 1% to about 20%, more preferably from about 5% to about 20% and especially from about 5% to about 15%, by weight of the hair colouring and conditioning composition.
  • Suitable conditioning agents for use herein include, but are not limited to, cationic surfactants, cationic polymers, insoluble silicones, non-volatile hydrocarbons, saturated C14-C22 straight chain fatty alcohols, non-volatile hydrocarbon esters, and mixtures thereof .
  • Other suitable conditioning agents are disclosed in WO95/20939 and W096/32919 which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • conditioning agents for use herein include cationic surfactants, cationic polymers, insoluble silicone conditioning agents and saturated C14-C22 straight chain fatty alcohols and mixtures thereof.
  • cationic surfactants cationic polymers
  • insoluble silicone conditioning agents saturated C14-C22 straight chain fatty alcohols and mixtures thereof.
  • Especially preferred for use herein is a mixture of cationic polymer, nonvolatile silicone and C14-C22 straight chain fatty alcohols.
  • the insoluble silicone conditioning agents are present at a level of from about 0.1 to 10%), preferably from about 0.1% to about 5%, more preferably from about 1% to about 3%> by weight of composition.
  • Suitable insoluble silicones include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
  • the silicone conditioning agent will preferably be non-volatile. As used herein the term "nonvolatile" shall mean that the material has a boiling point of at least about 260°C, preferably at least about 275°C, more preferably at least about 300°C Such materials exhibit very low or no significant vapour pressure at ambient conditions.
  • silicon fluid shall mean fiowable silicone materials having a viscosity of less than 1,000,000 centistokes at 25°C
  • sicone gum shall mean fiowable silicone materials having a viscosity of 1,000,000 centistokes at 25°C or greater. The viscosity can be measured by a glass capillary viscometer as in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, July 20, 1920, or equivalent.
  • a preferred silicone material for use herein is a polydimethyl siloxane. These silicones are available for example from the General Electric Company in their Viscasil and SF96 series, and from Dow Corning in their Dow Corning 200 series.
  • the cationic polymers are present at a level of from about 0.1 to 10%, preferably from about 0.1% to ahout 5%, more preferably from about 1% to about 3% by weight of composition.
  • Suitable cationic polymers for use herein are disclosed in W096/32919 which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the fatty alcohols are present at a level of from about from about 0.1% to ahout 20%, preferably from about 1% to about 15% and more preferably from about 3% to about 10%> by weight of composition.
  • Preferred fatty alcohols for use herein are cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol and mixtures thereof.
  • compositions used in the methods of the present invention can be formulated over a wide pH range, eg. from about 2 to about 13, but from the viewpoint of providing compositions with reduced damage and reduced skin staining, the compositions are preferably formulated at low pH, preferably preferably have a pH in the range of from about 2 to about 7, preferably from about 2.5 to about 6, more preferably from about 3 to about 6, even more preferably from about 3.5 to about 5.5, and especially from about 4 to about 5.5.
  • the compositions herein can also be formulated at high pH, preferably in apH range of from about 8 to about 12, more preferably from about 9 to about 11.
  • compositions may contain one or more optional buffering agents and/or hair swelling agents (HSAs).
  • HSAs hair swelling agents
  • Several different pH modifiers can be used to adjust the pH of the final composition or any constituent part thereof.
  • preferred compositions herein are substantially free of additional buffering agents, and hair swelling agents, i.e, they comprise less than about 1%, preferably less than about 0.5%, more preferably less than about 0.1%> by weight of such agents.
  • This pH adjustment can be effected by using well known acidifying agents in the field of treating keratinous fibres, and in particular human hair, such as inorganic and organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, phosphoric acid and carboxylic or sulphonic acids such as ascorbic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, sulphuric acid, formic acid, ammonium sulphate and sodium dihydrogenphosphate /phosphoric acid, disodium hydrogenphosphate /phosphoric acid, potassium chloride /hydrochloric acid, potassium dihydrogen phthalate/ hydrochloric acid, sodium citrate / hydrochloric acid, potassium dihydrogen citrate /hydrochloric acid, potassium dihydrogencitrate/ citric acid, sodium citrate / citric acid, sodium tartarate/ tartaric acid, sodium lactate/ lactic acid, sodium acetate/ acetic acid, disodium hydrogenphosphate/ citric acid and sodium chloride/ glycine
  • alkaline buffering agents are ammonium hydroxide, ethylamine, dipropylamine, triethylamine and alkanediamines such as 1,3-diaminopropane, anhydrous alkaline alkanolamines such as, mono or di- ethanolamine, preferably those which are completely substituted on the amine group such as dimethylaminoethanol, polyalkylene polyamines such as ⁇ ethylenetriamine or a heterocycUc amine such as mo ⁇ holine as well as the hydroxides of alkah metals, such as sodium and potassium hydroxide, hydroxides of alkali earth metals, such as magnesium and calcium hydroxide, basic amino acids such as L-argenine, lysine, alanine, leucine, iso-leucine, oxylysine and histidine and alkanolamines such as dime ylaminoethanol and aminoalkylpropanediol and mixtures thereof.
  • 'ion forming compounds' compounds other than ammonium carbonate or ammonium carbamate that form HCO3" ⁇ Y dissociation in water
  • suitable ion forming compounds are Na 2 C03, NaHC ⁇ 3, K2CO3, NH4HCO3, CaC ⁇ 3 and Ca(HCC>3) and mixtures thereof.
  • the hair colour altering compositions herein may, as will be described later herein, comprise a final composition containing a hair coloring agent and a conditioning agent which have been admixed prior to application to the hair or a may comprise single component system.
  • the compositions herein may comprise coloring kits of a number of separate components.
  • oxidising and coloring kits comprising a portion of inorganic peroxygen oxidising agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, which may be present in either solid or liquid form
  • a buffering agent solution can be used to stabilise hydrogen peroxide. Since hydrogen peroxide is stable in the pH range from 2 to 4, it is preferable to use a buffering agent having a pH within this range. Dilute acids are suitable hydrogen peroxide buffering agents.
  • the coloring compositions herein may optionally contain a transition metal containing catalyst for the inorganic peroxygen oxidising agents and the, optional, preformed peroxy acid oxidising agent(s).
  • Suitable catalysts for use herein are disclosed in W098/27945 which is inco ⁇ orated herein by reference.
  • Heavy metal ion sequestrant The coloring compositions herein may contain as an optional component a heavy metal ion sequestrant.
  • heavy metal ion sequestrant it is meant herein components which act to sequester (chelate or scavenge) heavy metal ions. These components may also have calcium and magnesium chelation capacity, but preferentially they show selectivity to binding heavy metal ions such as iron, manganese and copper.
  • sequestering agents are valuable in hair coloring compositions as herein described for the delivery of controlled oxidising action as well as for the provision of good storage stability of the hair coloring products.
  • Heavy metal ion sequestrants are generally present at a level of from about 0.005% to about 20%), preferably from about 0.01 % to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.05 % to about 2%> by weight of the compositions.
  • Suitable sequestering agents are disclosed in W098/27945 which is inco ⁇ orated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • the coloring compositions of the present invention may additionally include a thickener at a level of from about 0.05% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight
  • Thickening agents suitable for use in the compositions herein are selected from oleic acid, cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, sodium chloride, cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, synthetic thickeners such as Carbopol, Aculyn and Acrosyl and mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred thickeners for use herein are Aculyn 22 (RTM), steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer; Aculyn 44 (RTM) ,polyurethane resin and Acusol 830 (RTM), acrylates copolymer which are available from Rohm and Haas, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  • Additional thickening agents suitable for use herein include sodium alginate or gum arabic, or cellulose derivatives, such as methyl cellulose or the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose or acrylic polymers.
  • Water is the preferred diluent for the compositions according to the present invention.
  • the compositions according to the present invention may include one or more solvents as additional diluent materials.
  • solvents suitable for use in the coloring compositions of the present invention are selected to be miscible with water and innocuous to the skin.
  • Solvents suitable for use as additional diluents herein include C1-C20 mono- or polyhydric alcohols and their ethers, glycerine, with monohydric and dihydric alcohols and their ethers preferred. In these compounds, alcoholic residues containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms are preferred.
  • a preferred group includes ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, butanol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
  • Water is the preferred principal diluent in the compositions according to the present invention. Principal diluent, as defined herein, means, that the level of water present is higher than the total level of any other diluents.
  • the diluent is present at a level preferably of from about 5% to about 99.98%, preferably from about 15% to about 99.5%, more preferably at least from about 30% to about 99%, and especially from about 50% to about 98% by weight of the compositions herein.
  • a further additional material useful in the hair coloring compositions herein is one or more enzymes.
  • Suitable enzymatic materials include the. commercially available Upases, cutinases, amylases, neutral and alkaline proteases, esterases, cellulases, pectinases, lactases and peroxidases conventionally inco ⁇ orated into detergent compositions. Suitable enzymes are discussed in US Patents 3,519,570 and3,533, 139 and in W098/27945 which is inco ⁇ orated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • compositions herein can additionaUy contain a surfactant system.
  • Suitable surfactants for inclusion in the compositions of the invention generally have a Upophilic chain length of from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and can be selected from anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable surfactants for use herein are disclosed in W098/27945 which is inco ⁇ orated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • the hair colour altering composition comprises less than about 10% surfactant, preferably less than about 5% surfactant. It is also preferable that the hair colour altering compositions comprise less than about 5% anionic surfactant.
  • a number of additional optional materials can be added to the coloring compositions herein described each at a level of from about 0.001% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 3%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 2% by weight of composition.
  • Such materials include proteins and polypeptides and derivatives thereof; water-soluble or solubilizable preservatives such as DMDM Hydantoin, Germall 115, methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl esters of hydroxybenzoic acid, EDTA, Euxyl (RTM) K400, natural preservatives such as benzyl alcohol, potassium sorbate and bisabalol, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate and 2- phenoxyethanol; antioxidants such as sodium sulphite, hydroquinone, sodium bisulphite, sodium metabisulphite and thyoglycoUc acid, sodium dithio ite, erythrobic acid and other mercaptans; dye removers such as ox
  • viscosity control agents such as magnesium suifate and other electrolytes
  • viscosity control agents such as magnesium suifate and other electrolytes
  • quaternary amine compounds such as distearyl-, dilauryl-, di-hydrogenated beef tallow-, dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicetyldiethyl ammoniumethylsulphate, ditaUowdimethyl ammonium methylsulphate, disoya dimethyl ammonium chloride and dicoco dimethyl ammonium chloride
  • hair conditioning agents such as siUcones, higher alcohols, cationic polymers and the like
  • enzyme stabilisers such as water soluble sources of calcium or borate species; colouring agents; T1O2 and Ti ⁇ 2-coated mica; perfumes and perfume solubilizers; and zeolites such as Valfour BV400 and derivatives thereof and Ca2 + /Mg2 + sequestrants such as polycarboxylates, amino polycarboxylates, polyphosphon
  • dyeing compositions be in a form which is easy and convenient to prepare and use by the consumer, since the oxidising agent must remain in contact with the hair for a certain period of time and not run or drip off of the hair, possibly causing eye or skin irritation.
  • the coloring compositions can be provided in both a single pack or in kit form as separately packaged components to maintain stability, and, if so desired, either mixed by the user immediately prior to application to the hair, or mixed and stored for future use, or mixed and partly used and the remainder stored for future use.
  • compositions may be used by the consumer as a single component package.
  • a single pack would comprise a single composition containing the hair coloring agent and the hair conditioning agent.
  • the composition would be applied directly to the hair by the consumer without the need for any pretreatments or mixing thereby providing a simple, fast, easy to use, 'no-mess' hair colouring and conditioning system.
  • a further advantage of such a single component system is that it could be stored and re-used i.e., a single package could contain enough colouring composition for several appUcations over time.
  • compositions may be dispensed from a pack having dual chambers, each chamber comprising a single component, wherein the single components are intended to be mixed, either within the pack or outside the pack to form a homogeneous composition which can be appUed to the hair.
  • the colouring and conditioning compositions herein are preferably appUed to the hair like a conventional conditioning rinse composition and rinsed from the hair after use.
  • the colouring and conditioning compositions are thereby easy and convenient to use in the shower.
  • the colouring and conditioning compositions are preferably appUed to the hair for periods of from 0.5 minutes to 15 minutes depending upon the degree of coloring required.
  • a preferred time is from 0.5 minutes and 5 minutes, preferably 1 minute to about 5 minutes, more preferably from about 1 minute to about 3 minutes.
  • the coloring compositions herein are preferably applied to wet hair after the hair has been shampooed.
  • kits comprising (a) a hair colour altering composition and (b) a set of instructions for using the hair colour altering composition according to a particular method wherein the method comprises the steps of (a) applying to hair a hair colour altering composition, (b) leaving the hair colour altering composition on the hair for from about 0.5 to 15 minutes and then (c) optionally, rinsing the hair colour altering composition from the hair, wherein steps (a), (b) and (c) are repeated from about once a month to about 3 times a day.
  • kits comprise a package which contains two or more separate components.
  • the kit components are admixed to form a colouring and conditioning composition prior to application to the hair.
  • the individual components can be appUed separately to the hair in a sequential manner.
  • a preferred kit herein comprises a package comprising at least two components, a first component containing a combination of an oxidative and/or non-oxidative hair coloring agent and a conditioning agent and a second component comprising an oxidising agent and a conditioning agent.
  • the components can either be mixed by the user immediately prior to application to the hair or can be applied separately.
  • the components can also be mixed and the resulting composition can be stored for future use or part of the resulting composition can be used and the rest of the composition stored for future use.
  • the oxidising component comprises a stabilised cream comprising an inorganic peroxygen oxidising agent, most generally hydrogen peroxide in an amount such that the final concentration of the coloring composition for use on the hair is from about 0.05% to about 6% by weight and additional agents as herein before described.
  • kits comprising two or more components, these components may be packaged separately or may be packaged in a single package having several chambers, one chamber for each separate component.
  • a preferred pack herein is a pack having two chambers, one chamber comprising a first component comprising a hair colouring agent and a second chamber comprising a second component comprising an oxidising agent. Either or both of the second components may contain a conditioning agent, provided at least one of the components contains a conditioning agent.
  • the two components can be mixed either outside the pack, for example, by hand, or within the pack, for example by a mechanical means of mixing. It is preferable that the two components are mixed sufficiently in order to provide a homogeneous hair colouring and conditioning composition for appUcation to the hair.
  • Such a pack provides a product which is easy and convenient to use in the shower.
  • the compositions herein can also be packaged within blister packs and sachets.
  • the kit may additionally comprise an initial colouring composition suitable for providing an initial colour to hair before the use of the hair colour altering composition.
  • the consumer applies colour initiaUy using the initial colouring composition and maintains the colour over the subsequent weeks by the use of the hair colour altering composition.
  • GeneraUy the initial colouring composition and hair colour altering composition are of substantiaUy the same shade.
  • the present invention is represented by the following non-limiting examples.
  • all concentrations are on a 100% active basis and all percentages are by weight unless otherwise stated and the abbreviations have the following designations.
  • Examples I-XV are compositions containing oxidative hair colouring agents. Any of these compositions can be mixed with the composition of Example XVI in a 1:1 ratio in order to provide a hair colouring and conditioning composition used in the methods according to the present invention.
  • Emulsion Base
  • Emulsion Base
  • compositions of Examples of I-XV are prepared as follows:
  • the dye premix is prepared by adding to a vessel with stirring the deionised water, sodium sulphite, tetrasodium EDTA, ammonium actetae and dipropylene glycol. The dye materials are then added to the vessel and mixed until dissolved, with heating if necessary. When fully dissolved, the solution is cooled to room temperature, followed by addition of ascorbic acid.
  • the pH premix is prepared by mixing together in a vessel the sodium hydroxide and deionised water.
  • the emulsion base is prepared by adding to a vessel the deionized water and commencing agitation with heating to 80°C Then the tetrasodium EDTA is added followed by the sodium benzoate and these are dissolved. This is foUowed by addition of ceteareth.
  • the homogenizer is then turned on and the cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol are added keeping the temperature above 80°C When homogenized, the mixture is cooled to 60°C when phenoxytol is added. At 40°C the homogenizer and mixer is stopped and the mixture is left to thicken for 60 minutes.
  • the final dye base is made by adding the emulsion base to a vessel, followed by addition of the dye premix solution, and the resulting mixture is mixed until homogeneous. Ammonium hydroxide is added followed by mixing and addition of the pH premix. Water is added to 100% and mixed until homogeneous.
  • water is used as the diluent.
  • water can be replaced, in part, by from about 0.5% to about 50% by weight of the total water content of the examples by diluents such as lower alcohols, e.g., ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol, 1,3- propanediol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerine, butoxyethanol, ethoxydiglycol, hexylene glycol, polyglyceryl-2-oleyl ether and mixtures thereof.
  • lower alcohols e.g., ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol, 1,3- propanediol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerine, butoxyethanol, ethoxydiglycol, hexylene glyco
  • Example XVH any of Examples I-XV above is mixed in a 1 : 1 ratio with the conditioning composition below in Example XVI or Example XVH
  • Example XVI is commercially available Pantene Pro-V Vitalising Conditioner - Balanced for normal hair, to which a solution of hydrogen peroxide has been added such that Example XVI contains 6% by weight of hydrogen peroxide.
  • Example XVII is commercially available Pantene Pro-V Vitalising Conditioner- Moisturising for Dry or Damaged Hair, to which a solution of hydrogen peroxide has been added such that Example XVII contains 6% by weight of hydrogen peroxide.
  • the hair colouring and conditioning compositions obtained by mixing any of Examples I-XV with either Example XVI or Example XVTJ. in a 1 : 1 ratio, provide a complete range of colours, i.e. from blondes to blacks, while providing superior hair conditioning.
  • the compositions are appUed to wet hair about 4 times a week after shampooing and left on the hair for about 1-5 minutes before being rinsed off.
  • This method of conditioning the hair using short multiple applications eg. 1.5 mins x 14 cycles
  • a single appUcation lasting about 20 minutes • provides a greater colour change without being any more damaging to the hair.
  • a method of altering the colour of the hair comprising applying to the hair a hair colour altering composition, such that when the composition is used in the Multiple AppUcation Delta E Technical Test Method as described hereinbelow the composition gives a value of Delta E which is the same as or more than the value of Delta E when the composition is applied to the hair in a single application and left on the hair for 20 minutes before being rinsed as described in the Single AppUcation Delta E Technical Test Method as described hereinbelow.
  • the hair colouring compositions of the invention provide a Delta E value of greater than about 8, preferably greater than about 10, more preferably greater than about 12, most preferably greater than about 15, and especially greater than about 20, as measured by the test method below.
  • the equipment used to measure both the initial color and color change on substrates (hair / skin) dyed with the colouring and conditioning compositions of the present invention is a Hunter LabScan spectrophotometer.
  • the value used to express the degree of color change on any particular substrate is Delta E ( ⁇ E).
  • Delta E as defined herein, is represented by a factual sum of L, a, and b values such that:
  • L, a, b represent values from the CIELab colour space as defined by Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CUE).
  • CUE Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage
  • 'a' is ameasure of the red and green quotients (color hues) such that positive equates to red and negative equates to green
  • *b' is a measure of the yeUow and blue quotients (color hues) such that positive equates to yellow and negative equates to blue.
  • Hunter LabScan Colorimeter is a full scanning spectrocolorimeter with a wavelength of from 400-700 nanometers which records the color of test hair switches (tresses) in terms of 'L', 'a' and V values.
  • the machine is set to: mode - 0/45; port size - 1/2 inch; view size - 1/2 inch; light - D65; field of view - 10°; UV lamp/filter - none.
  • the hair is placed in a sample holder designed to hold the hair in a uniform orientation during measurement. Equivalent colorimeters can be used, but it must be ensured that the hair does not move during measurement. The hair must be spread to cover the port during color measurement. Dots are placed on the switch holder to guide the positioning of the holder at the port. The dots are lined up with a mark on the port and readings are taken at each spot.
  • compositions according to the present invention can be used to color hair of all colors, types and condition.
  • grey hair switches are used. These standard hair switches can be measured in terms of their approximate L, a, b values.
  • a 4 gram switch of about 8 inch long hair is hung over a suitable container and wetted for 30 seconds.
  • the test colouring product is then prepared (i.e., where applicable the separate bottle components are mixed together) and about 5.6 grams of product is applied directly to the test hair switch.
  • the colorant is massaged through the hair switch for up to about 1 minute and then left on the hair switch for about 20 minutes. After rinsing with nning water for about 2 minutes the colored hair switch is dried using a hair drier.
  • the color development of the colored and dried test hair switch can then be assessed using the Hunter LabScan spectrophotometer.
  • a 4 gram switch of about 8 inch long hair is hung over a suitable container and wetted for 30 seconds.
  • the test colouring product is then prepared (i.e., where applicable the separate bottle components are mixed together) and about 0.4 grams of product is applied directly to the test hair switch.
  • the colorant is massaged through the hair switch for up to about 30 seconds and then left on the hair switch for about 1 minute.
  • After rinsing with running water for about 2 minutes the colored hair switch is dried using a hair drier.
  • the color development of the colored and dried test hair switch can then be assessed using the Hunter LabScan spectrophotometer. The above protocol is repeated for further 13 cycles.
  • the final colour development of the dried test hair switch is assessed using the Hunter LabScan spectrophotometer and represents 14 appUcations of the colouring and conditioning composition.
  • Example A was a hair colouring and conditioning composition prepared by mixing the composition in Example XII above with commercially available Pantene Pro-V VitaUsing Conditioner- Balanced for Normal Hair to which a solution of Hydrogen Peroxide has been added, such that the level of hydrogen peroxide in the conditioner composition is 6% by weight of the conditioner composition.
  • Example XII and the hydrogen peroxide containing conditioner composition were mixed in a 1 : 1 ratio.
  • Example A when Example A is applied to the hair according to the multi-appUcationmethod a bigger colour change is obtained compared with a single appUcation of 21 minutes.
  • the multiple appUcation method of the present invention provides a bigger colour change compared to a conventional single application method. It has also been found that the method of the present invention provides improved ease of combing of the hair compared with a single use application. It is preferred that the hair colour altering compositions used in the present methods provide an Average Combing Index Value of 1.2 or greater, preferably of 1.5 or greater, more preferably 1.8 or greater, most preferably 2.0 or greater as measured by the Combing Technical Test Method described below.
  • the hair colouring and conditioning compositions of the present invention provide a Combing Index Value after 1 cycle of greater than 1.1 and a Combing Index Value after 6 cycles of greater than 1.1.
  • the hair switches used in this test method are medium brown virgin hair, weighing 6 grams, and being 10 inches in length. Five of these hair switches are treated with the hair colouring and conditioning compositions of the present invention as foUows.
  • Colouring and conditioning compositions to be tested are prepared just before the product appUcation, (for example, by mixing a first component containing oxidative hair colouring agents with a second component containing hydrogen peroxide).
  • the switch is hung above a sink and wetted for 30 seconds with water at 100°F and 1.5 gpm pressure and 8-15grains water hardness where in the test method 1 grain is equivalent to 17.1ppm of calcium and/or magnesium ions. (The same water hardness is used throughout the experiment). Excess water is squeezed out of the switch.
  • Combing Index Value is the Combing Index Value ("CIV) measured after a specified number of cycles.
  • Average Combing Index Value is calculated as follows:
  • the cross-head of the Instron tester is set into the starting position. This position should ensure the distance from the comb to the top of the hair switch is equal to 20 mm.
  • Each hair switch is taken from the rack and combed 1 time with the big teeth and 1 time with the narrow teeth (combing is repeated if required, until there is no tangle left).
  • the new comb is placed into the holder, such that the narrow teeth part is available for combing.
  • the hair switch is secured in the clip, and the load ceU is balanced.
  • the switch is then pressed through the narrow teeth of the comb and secured in position by the deflector.
  • the test method is commenced by activating the moving cross-head.
  • the test must include one internal control, which is non-treated hair switches wetted with water for 30 seconds (under conditions used with the colouring compositions). Once all the switches are analysed, the combing work is then calculated for all switches using the foUowing equation (Eq 1.):
  • F is the load in the load cell when the switch is puUed over a distance x mm through the comb.
  • the combing work for each hair switch is averaged.
  • the averages of 5 switches is used to produce an average reading per treatment (Work[treatment]). These readings are then analysed for significant differences between treatments using standard statistical methods.
  • the test method above was ca ⁇ ied out on several hair colouring and conditioning products described below and compared with the same test method where the hair colouring and conditioning products were applied to the hair in a single application and left on the hair for about 30 minutes before being rinsed off.
  • the Combing Index Values obtained were as foUows:
  • Example A is a hair colouring and conditioning composition prepared by mixing the composition Example XII below with commerciaUy available Pantene Pro-V Vitalising Conditioner- Balanced for Normal Hair to which a solution of Hydrogen Peroxide has been added, such that the level of hydrogen peroxide in the conditioner composition is 6% by weight of the conditioner composition.
  • Example XH and the hydrogen peroxide containing conditioner composition are mixed in a 1:1 ratio.
  • Example B is a hair colouring and conditioning composition prepared by mixing the composition Example XII below with commerciaUy available Pantene Pro-V Vitalising Conditioner- Moisturising for Dry or Damaged Hair to which a solution of Hydrogen Peroxide has been added, such that the level of hydrogen peroxide in the conditioner composition is 6% by weight of the conditioner composition.
  • Example XH and the hydrogen peroxide containing conditioner composition are mixed in a 1 : 1 ratio. The results show that use of a colour altering composition according to a multiple application method gives an equal or greater ease of combing than a 30 minute single appUcation of colour altering composition.
  • kits according to the present invention is a package having two chambers, one chamber containing the composition of Example XVI or Example XVH and the other chamber containing any one of the compositions of Examples I - XV.
  • the pack has a means of mixing a defined level each of the two compositions within the pack and a means to dispense the resulting hair colouring and conditioning composition.
  • the kit also contains instructions instructing consumers that they should use in the shower on wet hair, after shampooing, in place of their normal conditioning composition, preferably from once and 7 times a week, preferably between about 3 and 5 times a week.

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Abstract

Cette invention concerne une méthode permettant de changer la couleur des cheveux chez l'homme, ou du pelage chez l'animal, qui consiste à : appliquer sur les cheveux une composition qui en en modifie la teinte, (b) laisser reposer ladite composition pendant 0,5 à 15 minutes environ, puis (c) rincer éventuellement les cheveux. Les opérations (a), (b) et (c) seront répétées à raison de une fois par mois à trois fois par jour environ. Utilisée en applications multiples, la méthode selon l'invention permet d'accentuer le changement de coloration (mesuré par Delta E) par rapport à des méthodes classiques à application unique 20 à 30 minutes. A cela s'ajoute que la méthode selon l'invention n'est pas plus dommageable pour les cheveux que les méthodes classiques à application unique.
EP01924553A 2000-04-07 2001-03-30 Procede de coloration capillaire Withdrawn EP1267810A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0008675A GB0008675D0 (en) 2000-04-07 2000-04-07 Method for colouring hair
GB0008675 2000-04-07
GB0019833A GB0019833D0 (en) 2000-08-11 2000-08-11 Method for colouring hair
GB0019833 2000-08-11
PCT/US2001/010490 WO2001076546A2 (fr) 2000-04-07 2001-03-30 Procede de coloration capillaire

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EP1267810A2 true EP1267810A2 (fr) 2003-01-02

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EP (1) EP1267810A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003530335A (fr)
CN (1) CN1427711A (fr)
AU (1) AU2001251200A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001076546A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6770103B2 (en) 2001-03-19 2004-08-03 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Method and composition for the gradual permanent coloring of hair
US6758867B2 (en) 2001-12-28 2004-07-06 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Gradual permanent coloring of hair using dye intermediates in a shampoo base
US6726729B2 (en) 2001-12-28 2004-04-27 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Gradual permanent coloring of hair using dye intermediates in a shampoo base
US6709468B2 (en) * 2002-03-07 2004-03-23 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Gradual permanent coloring of hair using dye intermediates in alkaline water which contains quaternary ammonium compounds
US6736860B2 (en) 2002-03-12 2004-05-18 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Gradual permanent coloring of hair using dye intermediates dissolved in alkaline water with fatty alcohol
US6743265B2 (en) * 2002-03-13 2004-06-01 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Gradual permanent coloring of hair using dye intermediates dissolved in alkaline water with a gelling agent
WO2003089330A1 (fr) * 2002-04-22 2003-10-30 Unilever N.V. Compositions de colorant capillaire
DE10354812A1 (de) 2003-11-21 2006-08-17 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren zur Färbung keratinhaltiger Fasern
WO2006036747A2 (fr) 2004-09-24 2006-04-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Procedes de teinture de cheveux rapides

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4104021A (en) * 1976-05-28 1978-08-01 Combe Incorporated Process for dyeing hair in which the depth of shade is gradually increased in successive treatments
US4190064A (en) * 1977-09-07 1980-02-26 Del Laboratories, Inc. Hair treatment composition and method of treating hair with the same
JPH0737370B2 (ja) * 1991-09-20 1995-04-26 花王株式会社 染毛剤組成物
BR9809463A (pt) * 1997-05-23 2000-06-20 Procter & Gamble Composição, conjunto e processo para coloração do cabelo, utilização de um material antioxidante e composição, conjunto, processo ou sistema

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Title
See references of WO0176546A3 *

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WO2001076546A3 (fr) 2002-02-07
WO2001076546A2 (fr) 2001-10-18
JP2003530335A (ja) 2003-10-14
CN1427711A (zh) 2003-07-02
AU2001251200A1 (en) 2001-10-23

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